Book 8. - Of the Body of Man, and its Funétions, Chap. 2.

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Chap.2 Of the Body of Man, and its Funétions. 409
Arteriofa there are as many open wichin, fhuc without : in che orifice of the Vena arteri- ofa there are as many, open within fhut without: in‘the orifice of the Arteria venoja chere are two, which are open without, fhut within; in the orifice of the Arteria magna are three Valves, open within fhuc wichour. |
And becaufe the Heart diftribuces Heac and Spiric through the Arteries into the whol #e Bran- Body, there are paffages made to carry che fame, viz. the Branches of the great Arcerie, 5 of which chemfelves alfo are dilated and contracted, and by che pores of the Skin draw in Air, Sane expel {moaky vapors, and communicateto the whol body vital Spirit, Heac, and Arterial ie Blood ; and chis motion of che Heart and Arteries istermed che Pulfe.
Now che Pulfe confifts of ewo motions, Syftole and Diaftole. By the Diaftole - or dila- Of what tation the Hearcis filled, and draws Air and Blood out of che Lungs by the Aréeria venala 5 MaHEnS. \. and the Arteries by their orifices, which end inthe Skin, do draw fome of the ambient Air: ed | mele but by the Syftole or Compretlion the Hearc diftributes viral Spiric and Heat through che fit. Sai whol body, by the Arteria magna, and expels fuliginous excrements co the Lungs, by che Arteria venalw . a\foche Arceries expel fuliginous excrements by their orifices, which action 1s termed adelos diapnoe, wfenfible Tran{piration. !
But becaufe the Air, which is drawn by the Heart, was to be altered before it camethicher, the chief therefore the Lungs were given, and Refpiration ordained. Thechief Organ of refpiration 97g«7 of isthe Lungs. For alchough che Cheft and other parts do al(o: ferve for refpiration: yer ¢/pirati- chat motion ts primarily performed by che Lungs, which havea peculiar faculty co dilate ° and contract themfelves, asche Heart and Brainalfo have: which may eafily be obferved in the diffection of Live-anatomies. Nor is ref{piration a voluntary motion, fo thac the Re(pirati- Lungs fhould dilate themfelves upon the motion of the Cheft, co avoid Vacuum ; but the on ne vor
Lungs are moved by a proper power of theis own, andthe Lungs and Cheft are moved co-/#tary ether, becanfe they confpire both cooneend. For che Lungs by an inbred faculcy are di= 790"
fared : and that ic might be done more conveniently, and that ic might have room wherein to
dilace it felf, when che Lungs move, rhe anima] faculty at che fame cime moves che Cheft.
And indeed chefe two motions hold proportion one co anothers Nor arethe Lungs diften=
ded becaufe they are filled, as a Bladder chat is blown up ;_ becaule Air is not from any place
blown into the Lungs : but they are filled becaufe they ave dilated, after che manner of a
pair of Bellows. 3 |
Now refpirationconfifts of two Motions, Infpiration and expiration. By Infpiracion .Re/pire- the Lungs and Cheft being widened, Air is dcawn in by che Mouth and Noftrils for to cool the “2” ™4#é Heart and to make vital Spirit: and by Expiration, the Lungs and Cheft being compref{- Se fed, fuliginous excrements are voided at the Mouth and Noftrils. Hence, thac much Ait mighe be atcracted and retained therein, the Lungs exceed all the Bowels in greatnefs, and have a rareand porous fubftance.
And becaufe the Air was to have an Ingrefs intoche Lungs, therefore was the Wefand the Alpes [ Afpera arteria jor Wind-pipe made 3 whofe larger Trunk might receive Air, parely by che‘ Arteria: Mouth and partly by the Noftrils; and other branches innumerable are diftributed into all the parts of che Lungsythat they might be cotally repleriffied with Air ; which Air che Vef« fels coming from rhe Heart co the Lungs, being large and greac, do receive ac their ends, and carry 1 inco the Ventricles of the Hearr,
.And'becaufea man perpetually needs codraw inthe Air, che Wefand is made of folid grifly rings, chat ic may be kepc perpetually wide and gaping; - |
But left the Meac or Drink in pafling over the Wind-pipe fhould fall thereinto, where- the Epi- by a mans life might be endangered: on che top thereof a foft and tharp-peinted Grifle is plae glottis, ced fticking out,which they cal Epiglottis which covers che paflape of the Wind-pipe, while Meat or Drink flips over ir.
Now the Chett, fince it was to be partly a defence of the vical parts and pactly che Ine the Chel; ftrument of Refpiration; ic was co be neither quite flefhy nor quite boney. Therefore che Cheft doth confift of twelve pair of Ribs, which chac they might come and go co dilate and contract the Breaft, fixcy five Mufcles were made; thirty ¢wo whereof diftend, and as many concract the Cheft. :
But becaufe there are ne Ribs in the lower pact of the Breaft 5, that chere might be in that she agidvif place alfo a parc chat might be diftended and contracted, and might likewife feparare che vital Organs from che lower Belly, acertain partition wall is interpofed ofa mufculous or Mcfhy fubftance, which is called the Midrif, which when the Air is breathed forth
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