Book 6, |

Now becaufe chere are many Augmentacions improperly focalled, it is worth cur labor The Con- to oblerve out of Arijfotie, Lib. 1. de Generat. & corrupt. cap. 5. t. 333 three conditions Viens of
of Accretion or Growch properly focalled, orchree chings nec€ffary co Accretion. only the rebol Body muft become greater, bus alfo every partitbereof. 2. It oughtto become ‘greater, by means of fome matter coming from without. 3. That which is augmented muft continue the fame thingin number rebich it was before. Inch plained the proper nature of Accretion. For though tome doubc (fince many mutations concur in Accretion, and. not only che addiction of Aliment, butalfo extenfion is neceffary) in what Mutation che nacure chereof fhould confit : yet cheic Opinion is the cruer, which joyn both thefe mutations together, and hold char Accretion or Growth confifts both in the converfion of che matter of che Aliment into the fubfance of the living Creature, and alfo in che extenfion of the faid Creature. For Growth is caufed by fomwhac coming to the body, and the ching grown hath changed ics place, 1, de Gener. & Cor. cap. 5. text. 25. ~ Now, after what manner a greater quantity is acquired ina living Creacure, Authors are alfo at variance; Some conceive iris done by driving, and thac one part dyives another, and another another, after the fame manner as we {ee it ts in the Nails and Hairs: Buc chis is hot apreeablecotruch. They think moxe rightly, who beleeve that ic is done by extenfion, viz When the Aliment is excended through all che patts of the body, and through all the different poftures of che {aid parts; which comes to pais when all che Pores are filled, which being full, che parts are extended: and all the parts being excended and augmented, che whol body isalio encreafed ; after rhe fame manner as we feea {punge grow great, after the water hath tofinuated ic felt into alithe parts thereof, Now according cotheexcenfion of the Body, the foul is alfo extended: and if any man will call it being {o extended, greater, let him remember, that a Form of it felfis neither great nor little. Hence Scaliger,Exercit. Tor. Sect.15. Lhe Form when it extends it {elf into the nevoly applied matter, it advan ces it felf, but is not encreafed: For it does not generate a new Form. And verily be that foal calla Form greater or leffer, voill abuje the patience of wife men.
Now living Creacuces are not alwaies augmented, but only to a certain term of cheir age ;
the canfe whereot isnotincthe tou): Forneicher it, nor its Faculcies, which are proper co acs Effonce, are corrupred or weakened, but ouly the body. Noris the caufe in the natu- ral heat ; for chacisas frongina yoogMan,asinaboy. But che impedimenc is in che bo- dy; wz. the bones, which arethe chief pare chat ts aupmenced, and according to the eae creafe whereof the whe! body is encreafed, are more morft and {oft in youch, and more ape to be exrended ; but in fucceeding Ages they arexo dried and hardened y the natural heac, that chey become unapt co be ex:ended. Although in fome elderly perfons the Heth and fat are many cimes augmented, yer that is Notrue growth, becaufe che whol body is not aug= mented, but only the fofter parts.
Finally, The generative Faculey is that which by the Generecion of a living Ciearure, as Ariffotle de fines ae firft participation of the Vegetative Son] with beat. For iving Creatures are {aid to beget their like, when chey give out fomwhac of theic own marter then done when they yield their feed. For in tbe feed there is both the matter and a Dog forth coming: Nor-does the feed of a Dog differ from a Dog, otherrife than as ap- titude from Att 3 and there is notbing addedto thejeed, but an exprefjion of thofe Organs vebich were before confufed, fares Scaliger in Exercit. 268. and Exercit.6. Sect. geand 7, Lhe form is in the Dogs feed, in the aptitude whereof it is faidto be 5 becaufe the feeds a- ble and apt to sive that form wbichit contains in it (elf; or because it wants the ex prefs
pifiruments, wbich aftervcard the Soul frames toitfelf, both by altering the whol, and dif-
ofing tbe parts, and is its felf the builder of its own beufe. And inthe fame Exercic, Sect. 10. Iherefore a Tree generates when it produces its feed. But aTree is not then
generated, when it {prouts wp out of the feed, but then the generated Tree,which was before ) unperfett, becomes perfett. Soa Dog does not ingender cohen the wbelp is bremght forth,’ but when be ingenders feed : Becaujein the very att of copulation many have died, before
, : the”
)
Be Ne A Lata ee ONS RON
347
Ang MmEn-
¢; te ‘Not tation.
he firft condicicn is ex.
the prolifick feed begets irs likes And The gene= de Vita et Morte, cap.10. Ly the "ve fe i culty.
: ; -Sv~ The defi- » andcheir own form; which is xisign of
form of generation.
—
nec amnrmanaemen anime Raa aes mG Take tama FS VLU Weal AB, SEAR Sw Loe Seca I Ps 348 Book 6 Of the parts of Plants. Chap. 3 Ck
1 | C2 Rapa Nee aE ART PON IE Se Pc INE A ints NR Ae PMs ener ae E . :
. the feed received any difpofition or qualification in the Womb. Which we fee moreevident- | ai ly in Plants. For the Almond Tree being dead, a planted Almond taken therefrom groves Lye uptoa Tree. ‘Now the Soul engenders a Soul by promotion of it felf 5 after the [ame man- an ner truly, as in growing it infinuates it felf into the nevo matter of the nourifbment. ay
Now Living Creatures obtained chis Faculty of propagating their kind, from their firft ne Creation by God, when he bleffed all living Creatures, faying, Encreafe and multiply ; i and again, Let the Earth bring forth Graf, the Herb yielding feed, and the frutt Tree lt yielding fruit, vobofe feed is initfelf, upon the Earth: and again, Let the Waters bring | ve forth abundantly the moving creature that bath life, and fovol that may fly above the Earth pty in the open Firmament of Heaven: arid again, Let the Earth bring forth the Living wel Creature after bis kind, Caitle,and creeping things, and the Beajis of the Earth after their nl kind. md
Howbeic the manner of the Propagation of living things is various. In Plants indeed if a | yp branch of Willow be pluckt fromthe Tree, che Sou! is divided by divifion of che matter, and | ad abides in che branch; and therefore from the faid branch ftuck into the Earth, a Treeof the il fame fore will gcowup. Thefame is done in other Plants by their Roots, in others by the their feeds, and in others after orher manners propagation ts caufed; asmay be feen inthe von Wreitersof Husbandry. Inall which neverchelefs it :s neceffary, thac che maccer taken away title
may aftord a ficting Manfion forthe foul; which every part in all Plants cannot afford. For examples fake, A Willow is propagaced by a bough ftuck inthe Earth; but a Pear- ae cree cannocbe propagated after the fame manner. . |
But in Aninaals oc living creatures,alchough the manner of Propagation may alfofeem tobe ate h! various, whiles fome produce.Egs, others living creatures: yet berein they feemaltoagree, wat an thac Animals do not generate by any part of their body pluckt off as Plants, bug by feed, and F¢
oe Hite fii
( 4
weenie
) 4 or fomwhat which anf{wers to feed. iat ae For the feed which Epicurus ( asPlutarch relates, de placit. Philof. Lib. 5. cap. 3.) Hota called an Abfiratt of the Soul and Body, being cut off from the reft of che body, accor- may
ding tothe divifion of che {ubject, che Soul is alfo divided, and fome portion thereof ts ano}
with che feed feparated from the Animal ; which being of the fame fpecies with the Soul, ue
fcom whence it is taken, is now become numerically different, in regard of the fubje@t. Ouc 7
ofthe feed, by reafon of thisfoul,a new Animal arifes, while the foul lying bid in thefeed, = | lup
routes ie felf, and difplaies ics Faculcies, and by operating manifefts it felf; and making aste
ufe of the innate heat and {pirits,it begins co fhape al things neceffary co the conftitucion of an A
Animal or livnig cteatuce, and diftinguifhes,dii pofes, orders forms, and fafhions che fubject fed
matter ; chat’fo it may havea perfect and ficting houfe, like to thac from whence it came, and that it may have Inftruments inareadinefs, whereby 1c may put forth al irs Faculties; and exercife al itsnatural Adtions; which houlei afterward pofieffes, afrer che fame man nec ds ic wfinuates ic felf inco the new matter of Aliment, when | the Creature STOW Se
Howbeir, there is beewixt Planrsand Animals, efpecially the more perfect fore, this difference ; That Plants which breed feeds braed it fo qualified, that it alone fuflicescothe production ofalike Planc: but mchemore perfect Animals which bave Sex, che feed of neither Parent isfufficient to beget their like; bucas Platohacthic, EachS sts fhot coche matcer of Generations; and the feed of neither Sex taken alone, but of both i lomers
joyned together, and united in the Womb of the Female, is prolifick and fruitful teed,
i ii | Chap. 3. Of the Parts of ‘Plants.
ve HE) one therefore there are three manners of Life, and Plants live, are nourifhed, grow, and i | uD generate; Bruics have befides, the ule of fente and localmotion’; anda Man befides al! thefe, hathcthe ufe of Reafan : having {poke of che Vegetative Soul, before we thall a Sata {peak of the Senlitive and Rational Soul, we mur ficft creat of Plants. ‘Now a Plane ve ie (which the Greeks call Pbuton) w% a Body animated and vegetative, or endowed with a | W ¢ PES « nuteitive andgenerativefaculty, Where bmuft in che firft place acquaint you withchis,of\ ff } ‘ which mention was: made before, viz. How that many are of opinion, that all forts of }
Sen aS
we = fee in te
ie geome ——~-- wr eee
iN - Plancs have noother Faculcy buc che Vegetative, which is common tothe whol kind, buc a , ‘that only che fame kinds reftrained by certain bounds co the proper faculty of itsown fort. «ft
of But chis isa falfe Opinion: For ifchecafe were fo, chere fluould be tadeed no {pecifical dil- ference
ae had
naway afford. Pear |
mrobe Dagtee, y teed,
by) accor TeOt is ie Soul A. Out beled, making on of an fubject |
} | 0,4 afidesa i we {itl 9 fi { wit ia ae bibs forts OF in, (Ue . yr 0% ft fesentt
7
t i
,
Chap! 5 o The Hiffory of Plants. ~ Book 6 °249
——
farence in Plants and Animals 3 nor fhoulda Rofe differ fromman Oak,. not’a Moule from a Lyon, éxcept infome Accidents. “Buc cbus weare tohold 5° Thac the Vegerative Soulalone does mot conftituce any force of Plancs; nor doesthe fenfitive Soul confticure any fort’ of bruircs, but only amAnimal or Living creature, which 1s che kind comprehending Man and Beaft: buc che foris of Plants and Animals do differ by their {pecifick forms as namely a Rofe fram an Oak,a Firecree from a Violeta Dog trom a Wolf,and a Wolf froma Lion and aMan. And from the difference of forms proceeds this divérfity of Actions, fo chac among Living Creatures fome are more ingenious thanothers. And in vainitis chat fome anxi- oufly difpute, Whechec fome Animals befides Man, are not Rational ? Bor chofe actions whether we feein iome Annnals which are-more ingenious than others, do nor proceed from a Ratio- fom ll nal Soul, which isqpreperionly co Man ;. but from the Soul that.is proper to chat fort of Ani= he ‘ig ma]. Forasa Role hach one foul, a Poplar anocher, and therefore the Rofe andthe Po- — * plac have different operations: even fo, aschere is one foulof aSheep, anather of aSow,
another of a.Dog, another fa Fox, another of aLyon, another of an Elephant 3. foalfo
>] all chefe forts of Living'Creacures do differ both in the ftructures of their bodies, and in their fpecificala@tions.» Andalchough in fome forts of Animals aétions appear fufliciencly wonderful ; yer the {oul of Man bath only pained) a proper name, vand as termed Rational - che réeft are for. che moft parc deftacuce of properappellations. Bue thac we may {peak now of Plants, every Plane confifts of a proper foul, and of a body convenient to: its fore. We'have already fpoken of the Soul, iczemains that we fhould fpeak of che Body. Buc — wherbey
tede chere isa Queftivn thac prefentsic felf: «Whether the: two Sexes.are in Planes ? To there are ‘H-Scaliger anfwers, init. de ‘Plantis :, Thereare in Plants Cquoth he) che principles of Male tvs See aad Female confounded, and thacby an exceNentdelipn of Natures For fince Generation Plantss as Made by anagentina Patiencs Nacurehathopuc anto her work, to which fhe had denied ddotion and granted Generacion, proportionablegenecaciveifaculties joyned tegerher, which may be alfohenceicollected: Becaufe in fome Plants it isfeen, that of one feed'che male, of anosher the Female does {pringsup. ‘Which isiapparent in Hemp; Out of che fame crunk “proceeds feed, which partly grows co be Male, and partly Female.
» Now fome partsof Plants are neceffary corbe confticution of rhe whol Body's others are The gee fuperfluous. Therearetomehard Excrements, as Mufhroms, and Puck-filts; {ome dofe, crements | as teats’s and ofthele, fome remain liquid; others grow hard, as Gums. of Plants.
y
Among the partsneceffary co the confticuuivn of the body, befidesthac fame juyce diffu- Their fim- fed chrough the fubftance of the whol body, wherewich Plants are nourifhed, ‘and which ple parts. an{wers to the blood in Animals, che moft fimpleare, Fibres, Nerves, andFleth. Fibres, Fibres and which che Greeks call Ines (which Scaliger, de Plantis, would rather call threds*or hairs’; “7S becaufe the lobes and liccle roots of the Liver are called Fibre_) are chofe long, continued, firetched out parts, running chrough che whol Planr, anf{wering to Veins, Arteries, Nerves, ‘ and Fibres in Animals; the greater and moré fucculenc whereof ave called Veins and Ribs, but the thinner and diter ace called Nerves :* And chey are made boeh for the nourifiments diftribution inco all pacts of the Planr, and al(o for theic Grmnefs and confiftency.. The fieth is che cemaioing {ubftance of the Plane, an{wering to muf{culous Heth in Animals, Now Fldis the fleth is of chre@ kinds; {ome ts moi, fuchasis in Cherries, Prunes, and fuch like fruic ; fomeasa lictlemore folid, {uch as. isthe pulp of a\Pear and ah Apple 5 fome is of a mare compact and woody fubftance as it were.
Of thele aremade ochers, which themfelves:alfo are numbred amonpft the fimple and fimilar patts; viz. The Wood, theMarcow, andthe Bark, The Wood in-Planes called jooq. Lignum, isa body hard, that wil cleave, and confiftsofthin fibres: che middle part in the Wood is called the Marrow, Pichyor Heart :. Lhe Coa wave together of Fibres, going a-. Marrow: bout the wood is termed Cortes, the’bark 5° which when ’cis very chin, *cis by’a fpecial namie pare. called Cutis,the Skin or Rind, efpecially ab Fruics whofe fleth is alwaies covered wich skin: that which isthicker is called bythe general tetm Bark. Howbeic ché Bark it felf iginoc fimple 5 but in moft Plants there is an outer, and’ an innée’:. The inner is éalled Ltber.
Asco the compound parts of Plants, fomeate conftanr, others mutable.» The conftant the Cons are, the Roor, che Sock, the Baugb, the Branch? The mutable are, the Leaves in moift, pound
2p]
che Flowers, the Fruus, The Root isthe lowett parc ofa Plane, whofe Office is, not ons sy i ag
ae ; ie Bd oh (fots jy tofatten the Plante and fuppore atin the Barch, but alfoto draw itsnourifhment 3 and |
cheretore 1t’s compared to the Mouth in living creatures; yea,and by fortie the concoction of -* the Aliment drawn out ofthe Earth is afcribed ro the Roots: ae FE £ Tbe a>.)
Of the Differences of Plants.
The Stock, Stalk, or Trunk of a Planc, is chat part {which rifes immediately from the Which is indeed fof¢ in Herbs, and is cermed che ftalk ; but in Trees and woody dhrubs *cis hard, and termed Caudex the ftock. The ftalk and ftock parts into branches, and che part where the branch iffuesis properly calleda knot 5 the branches are divided into Suckers. boughs and twigs; befides thefe chere are fuckers, or {aval cwigs chat grow up out of the
Flowers, tendrel
wanton and big with defire of generation.
able to bear che injuries of che Air. out with che fruit, ard in the act of Generation, the Hower falls off. do not bloffom, nor do all that bloffom bear fruit. Now the flowers are compounded of divers parts: Foc chey conli{t of very chin Leaves, feverally colored, fhaped, and ranked in the Cap» fevecal Plants. Then is che Cup wherein the lictle Leayes are planted as in heir bafis, and wherein they are fhut asinacafe. There arealfo chreds or hairs, fuch as the yellow in Lil- lies and Rofes 5 finally, there aré che {mal ftalks by which che flowers hang, Finally, chereische Fruit, by which word we fomcimes underftand the feed; fomtimes befide che feed, the fleth with the feed is after a {pecial manner termed Fruit. Forche feed is either contained in Gods, as that of beans and peafe; or in Cafes; or in the pulp of Now che Greeks term ehac fame flefh or fub- ftance which compafles the feed, Pericarpium. And ofthefe parcs do Plants confift, and And fome have only one of chem, othersmore. The whol fubftance of a Puckfift is well. near all Root. Contrarywife fome have no Root, as Miffelco which is fuftained and nourifhed by che Roor of another Plant. havecommonlynoRoot. A Rufh hathno branches; Dodder no Leaves; the Fig-cree no flower ; the Orice flower no fruic; Maiden-hair neither flower nor fruit. | | Befides thefe parts, fome Plants alfo have others, which grow out of an excrementious humor. Such is che mofs of old Trees, che litcle {punges on Dogs-bryar, and other excref- cences on other Trees.
che fruit, a3 in prunes, pears, cherries.
fome have all chefe parts, . others not.
Chap. 4. Of the Differences of Plants.
fome wever have any.
oe mesa,
oT ia te TRY ja
Chap. 4.
of the boughs and twigs {pring che Leaves, Flowers, and Fruits; and in fome Plants s, fingers, or clafpers, by helpwhereof they rear and fuftain chemfelves apainft (ome wal], pale, tree, &c. Parts of che Leaves are the lictle ftalks chey growby, yet fome Plants have chem not, asthe Indian Fig-tree.
The Flowers to Plants are as the child in the womb, which come ro perfection in the feed and fruir, or they are rather che firft ccvering of the fruice Now che Flowers confit of a moft chin exhalation and a fubtil {pirit, which breaks forch when any Plant does grow For there is no emiffion of feed without fuch a {pirir, nor apy propagation of the foul, in Planes norin Animals. Now the Flower includes within is felf, and defends che fruit when ic firft breaks forth, cil] ic becomes more firm and For chen che {picic ceafing and failing, which breaks
Howbeic all Plancs
Alfo Toad-ftaols
OW Plants are divided into four kinds: Dendron, a Tree; Thamnos aShrub;
§ Phruganon a Buth, (which Gaga calls Suffrutex, though Scaliger like not that word, Exercit. 139.) jand Botane an Herb. Now how chete kinds differ, is not fo manifeft. They are commonly diftinguifhed by their Trunk, and cheir continuance: bue Scaliger likes not this kind of Divifion, Exercit. 389. For allo Harts-congue lafts all che yeac without any Trunk. And Lecttice and Coleworts have a kind of crunk, which are Herbs. He therfore both in the place.alleadged, and in bis 1. de Plantis, thus diftinguithes chem: An Herb fends from the Root Leaves, befides thofecwo common toall, which pre- fently iflue out of che pulp of the feed changed; and in procefs of cime a ftalk, though But ina Tree and bufhy fhrub thefe Leaves do not firft come forth, but in che firft placea ftalk, andchat one, or many ; if one; either ic is a great one, and that isa Tree; ora littleone,and chat isafhrubs; or if many, chen ic isabuth: and it is che property of a Tree not co dieand come upagain ; but fhrubs and bufhes do fomecon- tinue as trees, and others die and come up again, as Herbs.
dying. A buth differs from a tree in fmalnefs, and cherein ic agrees with a fhrub; but it _}\ differs from both in the mulciplicicy of its lems or trunks. ‘There is no need it fhould laft ¢ alliche yeer, no more than chat a fhrub fhould.
Thus then atreeand a fhrub
An Herb agrees witha fhrub in che fingle= _
nels
ein
. oF ie likly
du
7el0 Fen bu thet I Bete fui chick Joi differ meat hal 5 Now chev j An B Plancs not Caj ning 0 out ot therm A cothat mht fone a Small hte, @ branch Fore anth Gut ha fige Wo ig Vin | Mo moilt |
f Walls vapor rowel a vate,
| Acuap ;
Hl Rocks, S plan f Tot B ptound Bk th Bee the | kk
beri
)
j trees, | Cleave, Many ¢
| nak, y the Blane
Nor
~ | MY M the | Woody ih, OF the
tone J iy lanty the fi uit of q 8 grow lucha icludeg Mand | breaks | hans ited of | ikedin Is, and mils | nines | led lp of J {uh Ei had t, The Bl ct, as fools tenn bi! ention Kettle |
Strub; i ot that nt {0 but
all ie | |
ich ate
guihes ich
chougt se forth, ne, and nit 8 mnecon’\
ayeall a
; but KY dla
loge
tis
| | |
5 thud \a 4
q
|
Fd
Chap. 4. Of the differences of Plants. Boox 6, a name BAG ATS OTE ORBEA RL TE DSTI OA 49 ION eae cra RRP ChE UT up oe RET POP aa lance
nefs of its ftem, asthe Colewort ; fomtimes witha bufh, in che multitude of its ftems, as Fennel; fomtimes with neither, by having no ftalk.
But Scaliger feems noc to have perfectly explained the whol Bufinefs ; and efpecially there is a doubt concerning the Shrub, which he will have co be fingle ftemmed, becaule he held tbac the fhrub had buta fingle ftem: whereasothers attribute a manifold ftem to che fhrub, andthey fay that isa fhrub which amongft wooden Plants. is of finalleft height and thicknefs, fuch as Rue, Sage, Hyfop, Marth-mallows,
In fearching out the Univerfal Nacure of Plants, we muft diligently enquire into cher Gifferences : which are indeed very many, fo thacic 1s hard to omic nothing, and in the mean while, not to produce things unprofitable and fuperfiuous. Now chefe differences are taken from cheir Original, Native place, internal torm, external figure and matcer. Now fince the interna] forms liehid, nor ace known coche fenfe, chey muft be known from the vercues and qualities which proceed from them. .
And ficft fcom che manner of propagation, which ismanifold, For, ficft of all, fome Plants fpring of their own accord, in {uch places as ate far from che refort of men, and are
~ not capable of cillage. Forche Earth hath in i che hidden feeds of Plants, from the begin=
ning of che world, inferced chereincoby the Divine Benedittion, and fhe fends chem forth out of her bofom 3, or fhe receives feeds brought from elfewhere by Winds and Rains, and o- cher means, and cherifhesthemin herlap; which manner nocwithftanding does appertain cochat which follows. For in the fecond place, fome Plants {pring trom others. For ficft fome Plants are propagated by feed; fome by roots, bulbs, boughs and branches, and fome are propagated by one of thefe, others by more: fome {pring from feed alone, as Smallage, Maryoram, Henbane; others hardly or never of feed, asthe Fig-trees others Jace, as che Peony 5 cthersof a Root alone, asthe Hop, and Acorus; others of feed and branches, as che Rofemary. Andthe way of propagation by branches is again chreefold 5 For either che branch os bough plucked off, is fimply ftuck in the Earch; and fo the Willow and Rofemary are propagared 5 or the branch is inferted nto another crunk, which is called Grafting; ot when che Suckers which arife from the Root are pulledaway. Ox when a branch neer the Root hathicslower half covered wich Earth, the upper “part remaining fcee, For then that branch fends out Roots into the Rarch: whichbeing done, a yeer or ewo after chas branch is cut off fromthe Tree, and becomes a peculiar Plant: or of one Plant many are made. So the Dreffers of Vineyards are wont co wean their V ines.
- Moreover, Some Plants grow in moift places, others in dry. Thofe which prow im moift places, grow either in che water it felf, or near che water, as on the banks, or upon Walls and Rocks, and other places, which are moiftened by cheappulfe, or {prinkling, ar vapor ofthe waters, as Liver-wort and Maiden-hair. Thofe which grow in the waters, grow either on the cop, as Duck-weed, or from Roots. Alfo fome never mount above the water, as che kindsof Alga, Sea-weed,or Ore-wood 5 others {pring above the water, as Aquapium. Again, fome grow in Brooks, others in Fountains, othersin Ponds,Pools,and Lakes ; ‘ome gcow inthe Sea, others im other places where water hath been, but now is nor, as Xanthium, or Ditch-bur. Again, Land Plants do grow fome on Mountains, Hills, Rocks, Walls, Houfe- fides, upon hedges, in fields, meadows, Vineyards, Woods: others in plain places, earthy, gravelly, fandy, or clayih.
To the Native place allo belongs this confideration, chat fome. Plants are inftead of pround co others which grow upon them, as co Mois and Miffelco which grows upon che Oak, che Holm, che Pear-tree, che Hazel, che Linden, che Birch, the Apple- tree, the Plum- tree, che Fir, che Pine, the Elder, and Cheftnuc-cee.
Moft indeed of the Ancients were of Opinion, Thae the Thrufh having eaten Miffelro- berries, che pulp being digefted, che feed was caft out with the dung, and falling upon fuch Frees asthe Thrufh ufed rofic upon, from that a new Planc of Miffelco {prung upon the {aid trees. But chis conceit ts not agreezble co Reafon : For it isnot probable,chat che feed can fo cleave the barks and pierce into the bard wood ofatree. And why fhould it not grow upon many More crees.on which thofe birds neftle, as wel as on che forefaid ?. Nor hath chere ever any feed been found in the maws of Thrufhes chat have fed upon Miffelco-berries, Moft likely therefore ic is, That Midfelcois hike che horns which {pring our of che bones of Ani-,
mals, and thac che principles of Miffelo, in a juyce Naural thereunto, being cherithed ‘( by the incerna] heac, and aflifted by che heat external, do grow cogether inco this .
Plane. hy
Moreover, fome Plants grow moft {peedily and attain cheir perfection, others very , flowly3
Ei2
351

flowly ; fo that this difference is manifeft in the Alder, Willow, Peach, Pitch-tree, and Oak.
Again, fome laft all the yeer, as Trees and Capillary Herbs $ fome continuenot. And of hefe fome die and grow no more, as Wheat, Barley ; others grow apain, as Gentian. And of chefe fome laft all the yeer, as Agrimony ; and fome perifh within che compafs of a yeer in fevera] manners. For fome Jaft one month, orhers three months; {ome two years, others three,and othersfour. Again, fome are perpetually green, as che Fir, che Box; in others cheir Leaves fall off, and grow again.
Moreover, fomeare fruirful, orhers barren ; {ome bear flowers only, others both flow- ers and fruit ; and fome only once intheir life, others often; and tha either yearly, or every other year: and {ome flower in cheir firft year; ochers in the fecond, third, and fome not till cheic fourth yeer. —
Alfo in their figure and other qualisies partly arifing from their forms, there isa great di- verfity. For fome are ftraight, others crooked, round, cornered, Turbanc- fafhioned, hol- low, folid, prickly, without any knot. ‘They differ in fubftance, which is {pungy, com= pact, foft, hard, chick, chin, fat,clammy. Some are temperate, others hor, cold, moift, dry; fome are {mooth, others rough, thorny, hairy,;downy. The caft of fome is {weer, of orhers biter, bicing, falc, harfh, fowr 5 othersare void of caft. Alfo fome Plants have gaft in alcheir parts, othersin fomeonly. Somehave no {me}, others have a ftrong {mel, others a {weet ; fomea vehement {mel, othersa weak 5 fome {mel totally, others only in fome part.
There is no lefs variety in their colors. For thoughal Planes are green; yet fome are more, others lefs preen ; fome are of a light, others of a deep green 3 in fome there isa whi- tifh greenne(s, in ochersa yellowifh, im fomeareddifh; forme are {ported, and others have no {pots.
Moreover, there isa great difference of Plants in refpect of the parts whereof they con- fift. For the juyce wherewith they are nourifhed, and which anf{wers co the blood in Li- ving creatures, ceprefents water infome, milk in others, asin Spurge; im fome ic hath a Saffron dye, asin great Celandine; in others it reprefents Oy]: and therefore ic differs much in color and taft. Alfo fome juyce is wholfom, another purging, another vene= mous.
Again, The Fibres in fome Plants are ftceight, in others oblique, fal, thick, fofc, hard. The fleth is in fome thick, compact ; in others {pungy, caftful, caftlefs. alfo ic is of diffe- cent {mel and color in different Plants. The Bark is flefhy, nervous, clammy, in color, caft, {mel, much differenc: And che fame differences we find in the Wood. The Matrix or Marrow, is in forme folid, in others fpungy.
Alfo there is a great difference of che Roots of Plants. ‘You have a Root great, fmal, long, fhore, continued, cut off ; round like a Globe; fingle and manifold; fibrous; col- lected, {preading; deep, fhallow; thick, chin; foft, hard ; ftiff, limber; crifped, evens fireight, bending 5 compact, {pungy 5 flefhy, barkifh, woody ; round, turbant fafhioned ; fingle, double; hairy, fmooth 5 rough, glib 5 moffie, juycie, dry ; confifting of {cales, unie form; crumbly, foluble, boy lable, efculenc; heavy, light ; white, yellowifh, red, blacks iweer fmelling, ftinking ; bicrer,fweer. A great Root bearsa great Plant ; a lictle Roos, alittle Plant ; a great Roor bears a {mal Plane, asin a Turnep ; aliccle Rooca great Plane, asin a Pine-tree: as ful. Cesar Scaliger hath collected, and digefted thefe differences, in 1.dePianty.
The ftems do arife fome before the Leaves, others with che Leaves; infome they are per- petual, in others annuals infome ftreighe, crooked, trailing onthe ground, growing up- cighr, thick, thin, folid, hollow, knotcy, without knots, woody,herby, round, four {quare, chree cornered, nervous, ftreaked, {mooth, rough.
The variety of Leaves is chus digefted by Ful. Caf: Scaliger,in 1.de Plantis. Inrefpect offhape: there are round Leaves, asin Penny-wort, ot Two-penny grafts; almoft round, asin Bindweed, {mal.Celandine, Afarabacca; oblong in Hyfop; plain in che preaceft part of Plants; round and long in Stone-crop; with a continued edg in the Birthwarrs 3 with a crefted edg in the Lawrel; a Saw-fathioned edg in the Elm3 blunt ceech in Scordium 3
«large coothed in the ewo Cichories 5 fulof bendings in the chird kind of Cichory, which
‘| they call Monksehead ; forked in che Caucalis or baftard Parfley ; fingered in Ellebore
. ‘p K y aX Ire =Va . Se ce = ? 7 3 % and Woolfs-bane, lobed in Fern, hairelikeinFennel, In refpect of their Surface, chey are
p ,ughy biting, fhasp-pointed, in Borrage, Netcles, Artichoaks; chey are prickly ether by °¢ teaton of thei kind, and that continually, as the Buc-Thiftle ; or by apein a kind, asthe
/
Sow-
thick an fama rac h sf Aurutl psi lowed ommite woolly boted t of fall contute diftanct paling
Floy eats;
fome lat
1 inthe W
{ome in feiruata Ow Q Ryko ould nat madi
B comes {y
i
Dear ey ower, @ themof Of dives
ar we Nate
Chap. 4. Of the Differences of Plants. Geo: x 6. 353
a
ad Sow- Thiftle. Some have for Leaves real Thorns, as che C orruda ot wiid Afparagus; fome as it were Thornsor Prickles, as che Juniper. Many have chin leave, Purflane bave thicksThe And Leaves of moft Plants hang on by a imal ftalk, which is ftreight or crooked, long or fhort. ban, Some have no ftalks, asthe Lilly. Al{o from the places of the Plant; from che coor, from ofa the ftem, from the branches 5 on the top 3. onchebottom. The EF lower-de-luce hath fharpe ; Les pointed Leavs, moft Plants have chem blunt. In refpect of Quanticy : they are great, hihay hety litle, broad, narrow 5 fingle, manifold, In poincof relacion and {cituaction, fome grow Hall
chick and clofe cogerher, fome grow thin and far afunder. In cefpect of colour; they areal awe | in a manher green, but wich a vatious greennefs 5 fome few are pale-green, as a fore of O- , Ot Nl rach ; fomered as another fore of Orach and Beets. Alfo fome natucally dic by {icknefs in che me Aucumn, asthe Bramble, the Vine, che Apple-tree. In point of {cituation ; fome ftand bolt
Hi uprighc, others hang down, fome are faddie-fhap’d, crooked, crifped, rouled together, hol- tie —} lowedasche Lectuce 5 ftreaked, netved, veined, wich bending Gutters. And what hach been folk (| omicced inthe former differences 3’ as che foft, hard, leatherith, limber, briccle, fhining, dul; mms } woolly, hairy, fmelling {weec, acid, bicrer, falc, {weer, harfh, caftle{s, continued, with holes
|
.
“if bored through, or holes asit were, as in $c. Johns-wort. Alfo the difpofitions of ccembling;
ay of falling, of abiding, and turning according totheSun. Alfooforder; fome are ft ina
bie confufed manner, others ate orderly placed 5 fome alternatively docloath the branch at equal nel diftances, fome are fer juft one againft another, whether they becwo, three, or four, com=
nel,
pafling che branch like a Grown. Some breed one Leaf upon another,
it i hy Flowers dofome‘of them come out before the Leaves, as inthe Peach ; others afcer the f rae | | Leaves; fome come out the firft year with the Plants, others the fecond or third yeer, and il vis ©) fome later. Alfo in refpect of the cime of che yeer, there is great variety. F or fome flower Hii be =~ the Winter, as black Hellebore ; fome at chebeginning, others acche end of the Spring; iki NG “> fome inthe Summer: and {ome flower oncea yeer, others cwice, others thrice. Alfo the (| i) n°). Scicuacion and place from whence Flowers grow, is not the fame: for the moft part, rhey Ng le — . gcow our of the ftock, che branch or cwigs ; yec fomeimes fromthe Roors, And fome flowers Hi allt ha ftick on the fmal ftalks, and chofe either long or fhorc ; Some come out of one Cup, others 4 ey) fy 4) UC Of divers Cups 5 fame come cut likeclufters of Grapes, others like ears of Corn, others i ie | $n acoundcuft, on fome there are more flowers, on:others fewer, and fomeof them have na | many, fome few leaves. Some Fiowers are fertile, others barren, and thefe do fome of chem We ta, «= POMpals che fruic, others are feated therein, Alfochere isa great difference in the falling off ven it, i of the Flowers, {ome fall off more flowly, others go away in Down, fome are contra ted, on oc othersdried. inane : LN zo 0, Lhe fame variety is in the colorsjodors,taft,and fhape, al which can farce be perfecty fet i! ny | | down. { : ‘ | i Hy | a | Finally, The fame vatiery is co befeen in the Seeds, and Fruits, For fome Plants beac ht A | si | fruir, others not, as Harts-congue: | Of chofe which bear fruit, fome bear much, others lic- a be tle; fome once every year, fome cwice, others thrice ; apain fome bear fruic only once in Wa ly )sochree yeers. Some bear fruit early, others lace; the Mulberry Tree flowers lace, its fruit on | nt )) comes {uddenly co perfection 3 contrariwife the Peach: Tree {oon flowers, but is long ere i€ enn ae )) beartruics Again fome flower lace, and bring forthlate fruit. Some have fruit and no a bat ) flower, asche Fig-Tree; fome have flowers without fruit, as the Flower-de.luce ; buc for vt 00 §) the moft part the fruits come out of che lowers. Some have fruit of only onekind, others Lats of divers kinds, asthe Oak. Some produce fruic from their root and ftem, fomeat cheir 0 = boughs, others on che boughs under che leaves, on the leaves, above ¢he leaves; and che | fruic fticks upright, ordangles, or fticksfaft, or fits, or cleaves, witha ftalk, without a
ee) dtalk, fingle, double, one, divers, chick cogechery here and chere, far afunder; ig Up) cares é quart, The Seeds giow, fome of themnaked, others are fhixe up in fome other fubfkance: And
, | fomeare contained in fome humor, others ina fhelorbone, others in an hollow bag, and rep fomeimes in one fruit one feed, and fomcimes many, either ranked in order; or without or- round, | der. Thereis no lefs diverfity in their figures 3 fome arerounds others oblong, fome repre« at |. fenconething,fomeanother; Inthe bags or cods wherein the feeds are contained chere ig ots} We pthe like Variety. For fome of the Gods may beeaten, but che grain not, asthe Geratia or dius \ | Careb fruit. Ot fome the pulp only is efculent,as che Caffia: fome cods are not atal efculenr;:. x," aie ) .asof Bean, Lupines, horned Poppy ; fome boyled are all eaten cod and fruit, as french’ ( init Beans: of Come only the Surface is eaten, the skin being left, as of Peafe and the Pigeons= i. yey EP Verch: Alo fromthe figure chere is much difference: alfo from che {ubftance. of the>\ iw) Grains, cheir magnitude, figures number, marrow, bark; color, fcicwation, Scalager in 1. oP.
, gute
Caw SO r v
\
ES PBT TO,
54 Book 6
Crepicus names.
Aer of *» Boog Male . CA dpungys {weetith in taft, efpecially chat which grows upon the Larch: Free,
The Hiftory of Plants. Chap. 5: In fruics' alfo, the Rind wherewith they are covered, isthinorthick, hard, boney, woody, fmooth, rough 5 andal fruits are covered with flefh, skin, orfhel. And with ic chey areeither cotally covered, or half covered, and chat not after one mannefe For an Acorn is covered in one manner, an Hazel Nuc after another manner. Alfo chere 1s geeat diverfity of c#ft in fruits ; yea and in one pare chece is one fruit, in another another. Alfo fome fruits may be eaten, ochers nots and in fome that whichis to be eaten as within, asin Almonds 5 in others both che kernel may be eaten, and the pulp which doth compafsthe fame.
Now co illuftrate chefe differences of Plants wich examples would betoo redious. This as it hath been done by others; fo Andreas Matthiolus amoft learned Hecbalift,zn bis Pre- face upon Diofcorides, hath both collected all chisvariety, and fhewed how Plants differ in ‘cheir native place, their roots, ftalks, flowers, feeds, and fruits.
de Plants.
Chap. 5. Concerning the Hiftory of Plants.
Orafmuch as that which Ful. Caf. Scaliger writes in his Exercit. 104. fett.6, To collet out of Books {uch things as bave been delivered by the ancients is very dangerous: tbe true knowledg of things w learnt of the things themfelves; 1s both crue im orher chings and moft true in che Doétrine of Plants : they chac would gain the knowledg of Plants muft of necefliry know che Planes themfelves. And alchough in this Age of outs, the Act of Printing hath afforded great helps to this Intent 5 feeing not only the Hiftory of Plants hath been defcribed and publifhed by many, bucalfothe Plants have been delineated, and painted out with elegant pictures,by many learned men, {pecially Tragus, Mattbiolus, Puchfius, Da~ lechampius, ‘Pena, Lobelius, Dodonaus, Clufivs, Taberno-montanus, Baubinus and others 3 by which it is much eafier co know che Plancs than by cheir deicriptions alone; nes verthelefs Plants are beft of all known by view of the Eye-fight.
And feeing in this place it is impoffible, by way of compendium fo reckon up al planes, much more impoffible co defcribe the fame 5 and chat yet it isvery profitableco the knows ledg of Plants, co have the knowledg of certain general heads, to which al Planes may be re= duced; Ihave thought good in this place to propound certain Tribes, and a method as it were of Herbarifme, with the names of che principal, and che vircues of {uch as are moft in ufe. For though know fome have beenex«reamly follicitous, laboring to reduce all co Dichoromies: yet how unhappily they have acquic themfelves therein, the fuccefs doth thew. And cherfore I have chote herein rather to imitate Lobel and ochers, who have diftri- buted fome Plants at leaftinto cercain Tribes. It wilbe eafie for any man co fetch che pet- ty divifions and enumerations from che forefaid Authors, and there co fee chew P.dtures and Deferiptions. Only chis1 fha} hint by the way, that many are indeed fuperiticious in reckoning up abundance of names and differences of Plants; but very fhorc and bare in feeking out their virtues. Ic is begter inmy opinion, to know fewer Plants, and tounders feand theit vircues withal, chan to be ableco reckon up the names of abundance, which ma- ny illiterate Gardeners are able to do; and to be quite ignorant of cheir taculties and
Qualities. Tribe 1. Mafbrumps and Toad-ftoals.
ea rather God him(elf che Author of Narure, contrives and works nothing without order; and chat order is alfo moft cleerly co be een, in Plants 5 cherefore I rhink fic co begin with Mufhrumps, and Puck-fifts, which are as ic were the Rudiments of Plants. Puckefilts prow within the Barth, without any ftalk, leaf, fibre or chred. Mufhrumps do {ome grow our of the Ear Earth, are fome of them {oon ripe, in April: otherscome lace, in Autumn; among which chere is reat difference, from their fhape, color, and o.her Qualities; and fome are ficto be eaten, othersarevenemous. The feveral kinds have io fundry nacions their peculiar
Since Nature, y
“and is thetefore ufed coheal places where the $kin 1s galled off, and by Surgeons co ftop
- Blood.
Icis very wel ,
knowk
th, others upon che ftocks of Trees. Thofe which grow cut of che | |
There is alfo a,peculiar fort, round like a ball, fticking to the ground without chug toe any ftalk, whicith in color, which being dry becomes poudery : 1¢ dries without any biting, N
é the the moft noble is Agarick, which is white, \jj/
_ Ch gst gyi
Gs 2 none baity| {wine i Wol caine oon Lung a Avot pooda and ds mouth Sea bl fame fomex! comma Dolls: alo itl ) By this Ta fhautiy
———————ee
i
Ir
with and} Worn
i The | Grafs, | Gras, 1 tome Gat, R FT Huerg . Dries
k
Theta 1 Caley g tal
= P=
5 — =>
ee eee
colts. hee wand § wot | intug | been dout fa Dar ¥ ad
+ Oe
planes, Fy knows fi bette d a8 iH noftin alo Hy sdoh | duftt
1¢ pee dues f Riciaus | bare in | under I ich mar sal
nothing ! J thick Plant aps do | tof g wii . ce ft
neculit
vi | ‘ii
ol? |
ml. ity eh wt i | t knowl |
} }
i /iight again 5 and is every where to be had at the Apothecaries.
i
Chap. 5 The Hiftory of Plants. Book 6 its ufe as cinder in ftriking fire, doch alfo grow on Trees. Sct. Maries Bal fo called, or Hal- aod, cyonium, isa kind of Toad-ftool, alfo che Seafpunge.
Tribe I. Moffes and Moffie Plants.
Moreover amoneft che Rudiments of Plants are alfoche Mofles and certain moffie herbs é amongft the which notwichftanding fome perfect Herbs are reckoned. Now Mofs is an haity fubftance fticking tothe ftocks of old Trees, upon the ground, and on ftones, alfo {wimming upon the water. And chereis, I. Earch-mofs, which they cal Lycopodizm, Wolfs-claw, of three forts, the greateft, middlemoft, and {malleft. II. Hitherto apper- cai cercain creeping herbs, as hairy Mots, Golden Maiden-haic, and Ros Solis. Ill. The common Mots of Trees, and Broad-leav’d Mofs or Lungwort, which heals che Ulcers of the Lungs. IV. Lichen Liver-wort, which growstoScones, in dark and moift places. The Apothecartes cal it Hepatica, others cal ir ‘Hepatica Petrea,Sxone Liver-wort,becanfe it is good againft inflamations of the Liver and Feavers proceeding from Choler. For ic is cold and dry and a liccle aftringene ; whence ic ftops bleeding, and refifts inflamacions of the mouth. V. Sea Mofs, of whichtherearemany forts. VI. Corallina which is alfo a Coraline Sea-Mots, having a drying and aftcingent faculcy, and kils Worms and drives them out the ! fame day, co admiration. VII, Fucus Marinus, Seaweed: of which chere are alfo fome kinds 3 among which isthe Sea-Oak fo called. VIII. Hither may be referred the _ .. common Maiden-hair ot che Shops, *becaufe of the liknefsic bach in its ftalks to capillary Rola Moffes : appropriated chiefly tothe Breaft and Lunes, whofe grofs humorsit excenuates: alfa it breaks the Scone, 1X. Wall-Rue, or white Maiden-hatr, growing in moift places, wall-Rye; and on old Walls ; like in faculey coche black and vulgar Maiden-hair aforefaid. XX. In Duckweed this Tribe may be reckoned Duck-weed, which ts as ic were a Mofs, {wimming on che cop of ftauding waters ; it cools and reprefles Inflamacion.
Tribe I. Giraffes.
inthe third Tribe we rank Grafles, among which the firft ig che vulgar meadow Grails, with fong, whire, knotted and {weet roots, the decoction whereof is good for che Kidneys and Bladder, and opens cheic obftructions, and the obftructions of che Liver: ic kils Worms alfo.
There are fundry forts of Grafs 3, Wood-Grats, Cacf-rail- Grafs, Cyprefs-Grafs, Knot- Grafs, Dog*Grafs, Painced- Grals, Sorgh-Grafs, Milec-Grafs, Canary-Grafs, Sranch-blood- Grafs, Manna~Grats, Eiculenc- Grafs, thining- Grafs, Oat: Grafs, Fox-Grafs, Wild-Cha- mome}*Gra{s, Corn-Grats, Bulbous-Grafs, Reed-Grafs, Grals of Parnaffus, Watere Grafs, River-Grals, Rulh-Grafs, Panick- Grafs, Sea-Giafs, Flowry-Grafs, Wooly-Grafs, Hares Grafs, Broom-Grats, Grafs-nobone, Clove- Grafs, or Gilloflower Grafs, Mouf+cail; Spider-Grais, Sword-Grals or Sedg.
Tribe IV, Reedy Plants.
The fourth Tribe contains Reeds and teedy Plants, Arundo, a Reed, which che Greeks ca) Calamos, contains many forts. For there isin the firft place che vulgar {mal reed, which iscal’d Phragmites, goodzothatch Houles and co fence Gardéns; afcer thacis che folid or ful Reed, which is not hollow, called Naftos, of which Darts aremade. There is alfo che pipe Reed, the Donazx or Cyprian Reed, the broad-leav’d Indian Reed or Cane, Alforo the family of Reeds belongs che Water Cats-cail.
Among Reeds the moft excellent are the Calamus aromaticus or {picy Reed, and the Su- garGane. Forchough at this day Apothecaries ufe che root of the Tree Acorus in ftead ee of Calamus aromaticus + yet that isnot the Calamus of the Ancients, which was not a; oe Root, buta reedy hollow Cane in Syria neer Mount Lebanon, and in Arabia and India 3
hich Reed though hitherco ic hach been almoft out of knowledge 5 yet it isnow come to
Moreover, The Sugar Reed, or Sugar-Cane, is {pungy and ful of pith, and within ful of 6
amolt weer juyce, which either drops out ofthe Trunk being cut, or icisdrawn out of che cz fe
pith Reed, ; \
\
known to Phyfictans, for purging eold and flegmacick hnmors. Touch-woad, wel known for Touchs
I¢ heats and dries, is gently | >?
afttingent, a lictle bicing, and by cenuity of its patts opens the paflages of che Body, moves the Courcfess and refrefhes the { pinats.
RE LAS nnn :
356 BooK 6 Of the parts of Plants: ' Chap. 3° Ci
tie emai wit Io Rae Sy par os fie’: 1
pith by boyling, which boyling is continued til che I’quer congeal into Sugar, refembling ie 6
Salt. a vie
To this Tribe may be referred the feveral forts of Flower de-luces which differ chiefly Bias!
| sn che colourof the flowers, and have their name from the Rain-bow which they reprefent B vil
i in their pattly-coloured flowers. There are cwo {ores ef pecially now in ufe 5 che one isthe Bit
i| vulgar which hath a blew flower, whofe Root, efpecially the juyce preffed thereout, doth ht
powerfully purge the water from fuch as have che Deopfie: To which belongs the tmal chif- el,
WW leav’d Elowerede-luce, alfotheCt amatiris or ground Fléwer-deluce: The ocher hatch a: Bach
a white Flower & Root which {mels like a Violec, and cherfore the Germans cal it Vtol-wor=' of Tu
relor Violet Root; ichath a {picy faculty, hears and exrenuates, abd isgood forthe Heare: B Lilhe
and Brain, but efpecially for Cheft. There are alfo the Dalmatian, Chalcedonian, double B socal
flowred, and Portugal F lowers-de-luces ec, To this family belongs alfo che Spatula hou
fetida, Xiris ot ftinking Gladon,; having a ftalk aud leaves like che Flowerede luce, buts = ich
blacker and ftinking, its flowers alfo are alike but leffer and of an obfeure purple colours fiat
A\fo the wild yellow Flower-de-luce. “‘Noris the Watet-pladon with putple Howers co be miler
fhut out of this Tribe, though by others referred to the'following Tribe. Some cal it Jans. wong
cus floriduss and Gramen arundinaceum , Dodoneus terms ic Plata naria, and “Mattbtolus- ~ phent
Sparganium. | 4 HB cheat
The Aco- The Acorus alfo or Acorum belongs ‘to this Tribe, which the Shops very errone~ differ
16 VETUS: oufly do cal Calamus Aromaticus. And this ische crue Acorus, in fread whereof che Apo- Me che Ot
thecaries do fomeimes badly make afe of che baftard yellow Flower-de-luce, whereasctheic = [I dy,
ny faculties are far different ; forthe baftard Orice is void of mel, cools and binds: buethe = esque
ah true Acorus is ofa {picy fmel arid raft, heatsamd dries, moves Urine, is good for Gripings i Iki,
j in the Guts, and for pains of che Sides, Cheft, and Liver. A\o the Cyperus, long and round, | cr
Pits Cyperus, and the baftard Cy perus. Now che roots of Cyperus do hear and dry, and are a bittle = Onin,
“ aftringent, and therefore good to bring mort Ulcers to'a Scar: Alfothey havea cutting fa~ “i itiel
a | culsy, and therefore are good for fuch as have the Stone, cannot Pifs freely, and wancehetx (J iteSy
ek monthly Courfes. Alfo Galangal che greacer and leffer fort, which heats, and helps al cold lant
i | Difeafes caufed by flegm, difcuffes Wind, and helps the Cholick. Bur che {maller fore is Rah
wi more effectual chan theother. Somealfo refer to this Tribe Coftus, Zedoary, and Gingere J jan
\) i : 8 ‘s = e kinds
ih i | Tribe Ve Rufbes. fhape
ae say ‘ Pi . Se me Grats
if ¥ | To the reedy Plants aforefaid, Rufhes are neereft of kin, and thereforetheymakeupthe (9 Sipu,
thy file Tribe. Now they ate all void of Leaves, and inftead.of Leaveshave longroundftalks, 99 Clu
a void of knots, and ending with fharp points. There are fundry even, fhort knotred Ruthes 4 ad ec
mn which prow in the waters and watty places. Schenantbum is the flower of a cereaim 9) bilod/ mie odorifecous Ruth. ~Spartum{eems co belong to this Tribe. Alfo fome cefes the forts OF ri |) Eguiferum or Worf-tail co this family : which have indeed thin rufhy Leaves growing a+ |
Il 4 bout the Joynts, but knots withal. To the forts of Horf-tail alfo pectains che female Konote Tothe
i i Afparagus Grafs which grows in moift places, and by Brooks and Rivers, Allo 4 fparagus i reckoned ales Whic
| | amonpft chefe 5 which word in general fignifies the tender ftalk of any Plane when t fie Mii, ai
| {prings up > but it fignifies more peculiarly a Plant chat fends forth fuch young fkalks fico yap jy
. A | be eaten. .. itis Garden or Wild 5, and of the Wild chere are certain forts. Py cure che
‘ ) | 3 Bey Mich e
A Tbe VI. Bulbous and Taberous Plants. + Bilan win
ces a : tien.
Seeing among Bulbous Planes there are many which have affinity with certain reedy and | sa
1€5 former Tribes; therefore-we marfhal the Bulbous Plants inchis fixch | Tov
cufhy ones of the cwo Tribe nexc co thems {pecially b ly bulbous 3 the reft agreeing with oth
ecaufe thereare fome Bulbcus Plants, one Lore whereot ison- ita, er Rushes even in che Root. Nowa Bulbous (whence | uh chis Tribe is termed ) 18.4 Certain kind of Root fhore and round, and confifting of many Skins | oe
or Scalesone within another, as you feeinan Onion. The firft of chefe is the Afpbodelus Wp, i
_ bulbofus Galeni, Galen his D:ffadil wicha bulbous root. “And chen there are. ocher Daf. | ay
© @&-~ fodils, whale roots ate not really bulbous, but long-round, fomwhac like co Acorns, and ‘ j , thofealfo there are many forts, 1. Theres one with a white flower, and that is greater Oh, f/f,
{ Jeffer, which in ftead of Roots hath many thick fibres, 11. There is allo a white- flowed ‘Y } Gordy s-milk, and Yellow Birds-milk, or Ornitbogalum | Mon,
, )“ tulbous Planc.called Ornitbogalum Bud cms | f 4) * of Narbore », dll. There are three or mors forts of a Bulbous Flower-de-luce. iV. gon Wey ti FB tan
i
Ba WAL a Ngee ED:
ity Neen isthe doth this ath a, “WOite ‘Aeare double patala Dut Colours (0 be tn: thal.
Tone t Anos ai thele but the
ripiugs.
pound,
ithe
ig fae
ithe |
a\cold foe is
Ginger
wp tte
Rule |
ceil {octs Ot wing @
e Knot | eckoned |
sit fk ks fo
edy and
big xed |
ot if gis ( whence py xin jell
| i |
| i i
| Chap. 5
| ple Gladen, bearing flowers on both fides. V. Sifynrichium, the preacer and leffer.
TheHiftory of Plants.