Part lV

——— SS hn
him; and therefore they are to know, thar all thofe that make ufé of them do make
able, and fo as notco be hurt. by any Wea=|meerly Cheat and delude men by thefePerj-
pons of! War: ahdifor this caufe we have been the more large in the: handling of this|
Controverfie 5 and ‘ac.length conclude with this, that whatfoever ts atcribuced untothem they have ic. noc either from Heaven, or
from any other Natural Caufe,. but chat all | this is nothing elfe but the meer invention of
the Devil; and chat. therefore it cannot be made ufe of without Idolatry,: For God fo formed and fram?d: the Body of Man, that it
fhould be foft, and fenfible of pain, and the
folucion of Unity 5 and therefore whofoever he be that would difpofe and:miake it other: wife, he oppofeth himfelf unto Gods order
and intention, andufech the Devils help and
affiftance therein. For che Gaufe of this effect is altogether to be referred, either unto Nature, or untoGod, or unto Men, or unto thofe means that are'adminiftred; or elfe Laftly, ic. is to be afcribed-unco:cke Devil. Unto Nature ic cannoc be referred; for fhe hath formed unto Man fuch aBody, thatic may be violated by any.kind of Weapons. Neither can chis effect be attribuced unto God, who withouta Miracle doth not change the order and courfe of Nature.. Neither doth ic appear from Scripture, or any facred HHiftory, thac ever any fuch thing was done by God: although that Cby his own com- mand) his people have oftentimes waged molt dangerous and difficule Wars againft divers of their and his enemies... Neither can any fuch effect proceed from Men, who (as it is vety well known) have no power as of chemfelves to performany {uch thing. Nei- ther hikewife, if we confider thafe meatis, havethey any power inthem any way what- foever to produce {uch an effect, and roin- vert the order of Nature... For ‘they are either Characters, or words, fome fuch like thing, unto which no fuch vitcules were every yet given and granted ei- ther by God, orelfe by Nature.» And chere- fore ic cometh al (at length) cothis,chac fuch things as thefe are performed by the help and affiftance of the Devil. ‘Foralbeit there are many who chink that therepaffeth no com- merceat al betwixt them andthe Devil; all though they fhali make ufe of {uch means: yet notwithftanding ithefe ought to know, that fuch means as they (firft-of all) have no warrant from God, fosieither were they in: vented by Men, but fuggefted unto thofe per- fons Geven by the Devil himfelf) who at farft
entered into a league and. Covenant with (he violently fmote twice upon his
apta appeareth even by this, that when men have thought themfelves by this means, and inthismanner, fufficiently fenced and guar-
| ded againft the violence of all kind of Wea pons 5 there were others found that wereable | to.Nul, Diffolve, and quite take away char |
inviolability, as they term it, and proof avainit the force of Weapens 5 and fo when
|they leaft of all look for or fulpeét any fuck
thing, they perith im this their fuperfte tion. And the truth is, the waies they have ro
or
uncharmthe Body, andco render ict penetra- ble by Weapons or Gun-fhor, até for the moft parc €asthey fay) of very little weigh or moment 5 but they are (1 confei{s) unto me altogether unknown: and yet notwithftan- ding from the Relation of others (ofthe vul- gar people) it plainly appearecth that rhofe
Periapta have no power of fencing and pre- jj ferving the Body againft bullets of Silvers | as alfo that amans Body cannot be madein= | violable, if the Leaden bullet be but never | fo little chawed in che mouth: ifthe Swords
point be heated in the Fire, andthen anoyn-
ted with Sewer; if che Sword be runinto the |)
ground, or chruft into bread 5 and if many
themfelves patrakers of this compact, as __ | we have ofcen faid before. . And that the evil and wicked Spirit doch |
Biechinc ath out A yhole MF our Hea
: 1
other {uch likechings be done; in which co lj
be curious is neither my bulinefs, norin. tention.
that he keepeth not che Covenant and Coin- pact he encereth into with his Servants 5 bute thache oftentimes Cheateth and Deceiveth them; and that when he communicaterhthat Artunto Men, hedothnor this that he may benefic thems but only Jayeth Snares for their Souls, whileft he moft of al precenderh and promifeth the making of their Bodies fafe fromall manner of injuries, Of whick there are extaht many inftances and exani- ples; andamong che reft, remarkable is that example which happened at Mifzizinthe Moneth of February, this very year 1634. For there Cat ‘Mifnia ) when as a certain Souldier Ginhis Gups_) was boafting and ma- king ‘his brags (with that folemn, but yer now adaies too ¢ommon an adjutation amongthe Souldiers, Let the Devil fetch mes or, the Devil take me’)that he was inviolable, andimpenetrable by any Weapons what fo- ever; and that he might give them an ex péri- ment co eonfirm the truch of whac he had {aid drew forth a fhort Sword, and therewith naked -Breaft,
But this will moft certainly from( jj hence appear, that the Devilisa Lyar, and 4
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Cure of them in General. |
Breaft, and pierced even unco his very heart; | and fochismiferable wretch perifhed in this miferable manner.
And cherefore lec every Chriftian and pious Souldier be hereof warned that he make not ufe of any fuch wicked and unlaw- ful means (as being and proceeding meerly from che Devil) but chac he content himfelf inthe fafe guarding of his Body by lawful, Artsand waies ; and as for all other things, | Yet him commic them unto almightyGod,who, hath our lives in his Hands 5 and without |
neraét the whole iubftance of
y ou.
The Differences.
GalenC in his fixth B. of the Meth. of Curing. and 5. Chapt.) telleth us what thefe Differ- cnces ares For fomtimes (faith he) che bones are broken cranfverfly 3 and chenit is chiefly and properly to be termed a Fra- ture; but then indeed if the bones be fo broken, that by no Art or meéams that can be ufed the ends and extreme parts of them may be brotighc and made to ftick faft cogether as before, and chac they lie not directly one againft the other, this kind of Frattute is(in {pecial) called Cauludon from the refem-
whofe will chere is noc one hair can fal from | blance and \ikenefs thacic harh witha bro-
our Heads:
ken ftalk, And Paulus Kgineta writech that this Caulidon Catagma is \ikewite called Rapbanedon, and Sicnedon, from the fimili- tude of a broken Raddifh and Cucumber.
Be s8 92 OS we Ae SI Buc if the bone be not only broken into two
THE
FIFTH BOOK:
THE
FIFTH PART. Of Frattures.
Chap. +: Of Fractures, and the Cure of them in General.
Hat which in a fofc part is called a
Wound, the fame is ina hard part, and bone, called a Frafture, (by the Greeks properly termed Aga, and Catagma) which is a divilion or rupture of the bune, from fome external Caufe violently rufhing end breaking in upon it. Nowas forchofechae have written at large and very accurately touching Fractures, they are Cin the firtt place, and efpecially) ‘Hippocrates in his Book of Frattures; aud Galen in his Com- ment upon the faid Booksand in his faxth Book of the Meth, of Curing, Chap. 5. and 6. And among the more modern Authots, and thofe of our own time, ‘Hieronymus Fabricius ab Aquapendente, in his B. of Ghirurgery, Tit. of toe Frattures of the Bones 5 and thefe Au- thors you may have recourfe unto, for your ‘more ful fatisfaction in fo weighty a point - “in the meantime I fhal endeavour briefly and
parts, but that icbe likewife fhivered into many, thac Fracture is cermed Suntrimma; or Comminution; and by Galen ic is allo cal- led Caruedon, becaufe thac it is made after the mannerof broken Nut-fhels. Butif che bones be cleft according to their length like las Wood is cleft, ic is chen called Parameges, chat isto. fay, Cproperly).a right or ftraighe Fiffure or Cletc; and by Galenicis termed Schidacedow. inthe Head, this fpecies of the folution of Unity hath names peculiar and proper unto.it; touching which lee Hip- pocratess in his B.of che Wounds of the Head, and in ‘his, firfi B!.ot Prattife, Part 1. Chap. 23.
And of thefe Fractures there are likewife feveral other differences; for fomeof them are great,and fome again bur {mal Fractures, fome of them fimple or fingle Fra@tures, and all buc. one alone; bucthen another Fracture there is thac is manifold, as confifting of ma- ny; fome equal,orhers unequal; and the bones are alfo broken fomtimes in one manner, and fomtimesin another manner, and thatvery differenr., , And the truch is, the Ancients | gave them cheir,names from the Figure and the likenefs.of other parrs; and (Cas werold you before) they called them Cauledon, | Rupheneey Sicnedon Catagma; and fom- leimes likewife Alpbitedon, when the bone is broken and fhatcered into many dmal and thin parrs, not unlike unto Mal, they cak anocher fore of Fracture allo Calamedons thac is tofay, the breaking of a Teed, ems | Onucha,. after the fprm of aNayl. All which Appellations notwithftanding are for the | nioft parc fleighted and neglected by Hippo- ‘crates, who inftead of chem hath madeufe of Names
plain ——
2737 Sa
2728 is ta V. Hi
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Of Prattical Phy ick. Part ¥..
Names more ordinary and ufual, as one ra- ) pocrates bimfelf indeed calleth Edra, (that into ther defirous to interpret, and chooling ra- |jay, a Deceflion) inbi B. of the Wounds of |
ther by {peaking of them in more words, fo! the Head. | .And moreover alfo {ome by leaping to defcribethem. And fomtimes al the parts | from an high place have broken either the Araile
of the broken bone do again Joyn and grow | or the Thigh bone 5 which in thefe perfons sere | together 5 but fomtimes fome one or other | drier, and not fo thick perbaps as in others. | parts of the broken bone impoftumateth and |For [ my felf alfohave fen in the commonsrraft- |
droppeth out. \ling, when in the turning ef a man sound a
There are likewife divers other differen- | Fratture hath happened unto bim, whobaving | ces, chat are taken from the part affected. | bereby bad bis Ankle together voith the Calf of |
Fer one is faid to be a Fraciure of the Shoul- | bis Leg broken by the greatnef of the Wound der; another of the Arm, another of the | the bones have been madenaked dud bare. Far Thigh; and fo ofthe other parts. Andthen | this Fratture happened upon bis Ankles being indeed in the Arm, either but one of the two | gotten under the Leg of bis Adverfary bat bones, or elfe both of them (to wit, the Ul- | wraftled with bim, in a tranfrerfe or over- na, and the ‘Radiw, bones) are broken. | thwart manner 3 fo that both the Beads thereof, And in like manner itis alfoin the Thigh, the | as well that toward the Foot, os that abowe cafe being one and the fame. The bones of the Nofe are likewife broken; and{fo areale- | great violence: like as we alfo fee itin Wood, fo the Channel bones, the Ribbs, and the whirl-bone.
And there are moreover (befides thefe) other differences that are meerly accidental; when as a bone broken either abidech ftil in its own place, or elfe is carried forth thereof, and lifted above fomeorher bone; and char
swith the Hands, we foal then foon per ceive it to be brokenin the middle part.
and fomtimes itisold, and of a long conti- | caufe the Fra@ture of tbebones; the Confti- nuance.
a Fracture is conjoyned fomtimes with a/timesagain morehard; fo that ic cannot he Wound, fomtimes wich a Luxation or dif-
=
joynting, and fomtimes with other affects.| force. And rottennefs likewife rendereth
For fomtimes there is a Fractute made, the | the bones very frailand weak, andefpecial- | J)
tomard the Knee, were preffed downward mith |
which we eur felves endeavour by bowing and | bending it round to break. or if a piece of | Wood be put upon ones Thigh, and iben from || botb ends or Heads preffed down vebemently |
But yet notwithftanding even the very | fomtimes the Fracture is but newly made, | Confticucion of the bones doth fomtimies |
And there are alfo other differ- | tution of them being fomtimes fo brictle, that | ences, that are improperly fo called 3 as that |1¢ cannot brook the leaft violence ; andfom- |
broken but with afar greater violence and |f)
Skin and Flefh lying above it ftil remaining
ly that which followeth the French Pox,and
found and whole; and fomtimes thefe hap- | in thofe that ofren makeufe of Mercurial In-
pen likewife co be hure and wounded.
there happeneth a loofening of the Joynt neeruncoit: Andfomtimes unto a Fracture there happen an extraordinary pain, a fwel- ling, and an Inflammation: bue fomtimes again, chere are none of al thefe joyned with, or following upon the Fradturey.
Lhe Caufes. |
Now all things may be faid to ‘break'the bones, rhat fo endeavour to bow and bend them, that they (being not flexible) muft neceflarily be broken. Galen Cn his fecord B. of Frattures, and Text 9, )reduceth them allunto four Caufes, whileshe writeth after this manner: It #s either fomtbing Caith he) that car bruife and batter, if it be laid on with great force and violenceCand this without doubt ought to be fome Body that is bard-of fubfianee, and heavy in its weight :) or elfe itis fomvobat that doth not only divide the Skin,or that divid- eth likeroife fomtbing that eth under tbe Skin, even unto the very bones, but ebich divideth alfo the very bones themfelves « which Malady Hip-
And fomtimes alfo rogether with the Fracture
unctions. Of this ftrange and wonderful frailty and weaknefs inthe bones there is ex- jtanca Memorable Hiftory. in Marcellus Do- natus, in his Hiff. Medic. Mirabil. B 4. Chap. 5. Andthe ftory is briefly this: Vin- centius Morellus, Coachman unto that Fa- mous Poet, and ‘Noble Patrician, D.Diony- fius de Pietis, (porting, and playing the wag woith others of bi fellow Servants, fnatcht up half an Orange from off tbe Table, and tbreve #tasbard as be could at the Head of bi fellow Servant running before bims but as it fel out, be did bimfelf more mifchief then tbe ether. For in that Arm wherewith bethreve (by rea- fon of the ftrong and forcible motion) the boue of the right Shoulder vas fo breken, that the Heads of the broken bone being disjoyned one from the -otber, were eafily and manifeftly found to be fo even by the touch. But ftrange it is to bear -pebat followed. — This bone was no fooner {plin- ted and bolfteredup with Iron plates Cin re- gard that be could not now do brs bufineB as for- merly) but at niidnight lying in by bed, and awakening, be puts doren the other Arm ta reach bimfelf the Chamber pot: in rebich Mo- tion
jt
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ie id tion the bone of the left Arm vas broken about | C which as yet we bad not feen) offered tt felf unto Dy atu the middle of its and this was likewife fet and our view 5 very fad and grievous pains excru- "he di ‘bound up by the belp of the Poyfitian. Tbis ciate the Patient 5 and therefore we again be- OY ol 'Man for many yeers before bad been fore troub- tae our felves with all diligence unto our work, me i led with the Brent Pox in a moft grievous | and endeavour again the reftoring of the bro- sng manner 5 in fo much that bas Head, Legs, and ken bone unto its proper place. Upon which al | Arms were ful of bard knotty fwellings, wbich| things fucceed:d well, and the pains rere all obit at length by bis often anoynting them with Un-| calined, infommuch that nove be taketh uery com=
| \guents of Hydrarge, feemed to fink down and fortable refi: but yet neveribeleB, from that
\difappear. Wherefore we can think, no others | time forward the Stwaths vere never unfolded 3 bare, bat that the rottemre fs eating through the bones nettber was be ever feen (hitherto) tomake any ier hgh (Of HE Arm, and thereby vittating and corrup- | ufe of that part. And that which made me fo fry sd \ting them, made voay and gave occafion for this | much to adinire the frrange and wonderful un- 0 meh (92 cafe and. much to be admired Pratture. wonted frailty and brittlene of the bones in thy ds thera Iwo Hiftories Paralel ‘habit we meec- with | Perfon, ras this, that be altogether denied that bat gh | 28 Schenchins Cin his 5. B. and 8. Obfervat.) be bad been at any time troubled with any affctt s nary | OM the obfervation of D. Camerarius. For oF the bones, contratted either from the joul neh |Capivaccins had fomrime related unto him, | Difeafe, or from any other caufe. a wing ul ithaca certain perfon in throwing an Almond The other Hiftory we find in the fixty ttedl \dhel againft the pavement, inftead of brea- etghth of his Obfervations, in thefe very ban ng ‘king chat, brake his Arm. As likewife he | words : Philibert Brachlea (of Sequfinm) bez mie related of another, that but knocking fom- |ing now in the fifty nineth yeér of ber Ages: of vineityh | CODE with a Mallet, Cand that not very hard |ber own accord and without any manner OF
'}) neicher) brake his Arm likewife, Two other |wiolence externally offered unto beg-by any he vervl fuch Hiftories we meet with in Gualbelm. Fa- | whomfoever bad ber bones broken, fd shat the ining | briciws,in the aCentury of brs Objervations.The | died thereof, in the yeer 1606. This Woman : Cont \firft is of Philibert Sarragenus (a Phy fician of whiles on tbe Lords day (wbich it feems accor- fb Leyden) who writeth unto Pabricivs CObfer- | ding to the Rite and Cufton of the Country was. NON) pat. 66.) in chis manner: A certain man|beld mere {acred then ordinary) fhe reas in the all | Cfaich he) a Citizen of Leyden(ibreefcore yeers | morning putting on a nev Smock petticoat, lif- SO) of Age) mas tortured with an obtufe and dull | ting up ver Body as fhe lay in ber bed, and ber
i
{
|
ON) pain Cfor the {pace of almoft iwo monetbs) pro- | Hands firetched forth above ber Head; fhe per»
cae | ceeding froma Flegmatick Gout in the Foynts | ceived (by the gréat pain fhe felt on the fudden) cell of bis Shoulder and right Arm. Temedies be | that fhe bad not only diflocated, but broken the Ox,auli|
\ ufed none all this bile: only be procured what | bone of one of ber Arms 3 fo that there was need
curial Ip ‘onderfuh
| reff be could for that part, by baving the Arm | of the Chirurgeows belp: who when be bad fiily MD) affetted wrapt upin a Srcathe, and continually | put together the extreme parts and ends of the TENE) refting upon bis Breaft. He being otberwife | broken bones, and bound them up with Spatbs, Um UME) very found and bealt' y, about eight of the Glock | be moreover outroardly adininiftred fit and pro- » DO) Gn the morning goeth forth abroad unto tbe | per Remedies, and fo at length bad the bappi= \ VINE) fhops 3 and while bervas fitting ona Glove up-'nefto Cure that affett. But this miferable and iF) on the band of the right Arm;Cand that aa gently | unfortunate Woman wos no fooner freed from
Diet) ae be could) be brake the bone of bis Ari | thefe ftreigbts, but fhemuft yet again fal into a HOS) Ctranfverfly or overtbwart) four or five Fin- | worfe mifthanté, arid undergo the violence and
(iON) gers below the Shoulder. 1 being {ent for went | grief of a greater Malady. ‘For when a6 at laft mE) tamediatly unto b:m, and there I bebeld the| Cafter that fhe bad now along time kept ber bed) fel) wobole bufinef as it vras, not witbout very great foe defired to be raifed up out of it by the belp of 08) admiration; 1 fearcbed the Arm and Shoulders ber bouf-bold Servants 5 before foe went to te ME) and by a Chirurgeon I reftored the bone unto bis | Fire fide, ber Maid that then waited upon ber (Wt) former place, and commanded that convenient | in putting on ber Stockings, (fo {oon as ever fhé etl f) Remedies fhould be adminifired, and applied bad but endeavoured it) only laying on ber nd) gento the part affetted. After three daies I | Hands to belp ber Miftref; brake the boxe of
i!
L| j }|
fui |) went again to vifst this Patient, that l might | ber right Leg in a tranfverfe overthwart man- Jol) fearcbh and find vebetber or no all things had ner; wobich the Chirurgeon again repaired.
pith) been rightly ordered avid applied. Andbaving | In thefe troubles and griefs the poor miferable. jie Qoey pp E | ?
[pit | removed the Swath-bands and the Splinters,we Woman lived for tbe {pace of two yeers 5 and (0) favo that the bone was returned unto its Natur- | baving ab this too yeers time been troubled with f af Y al Scituation; and va foon perceived it tobe fo divers Frattures, and innumerable pains from , it ||) by prefing down our Fingers upon the place. day to day) fhe had at lengthber life fhortened Awith) Bar Lo, alittle below this, abous tbe Foynt of and taken away bytbems . And the Auchor of jit) the Elbow, anew Fratture of the fame bone this Obfervation writeth, that -the ftrange
to Fiz Oe and
5 i}
Of Fractures , and the (are of: them in General, 2729
akend Sa etnnda st cna EMG eb ORS
bid Jah ; ' Whe oe iat i ‘ \ VP ty BAe ial! i | ‘ hel } ae ae Hit i) i| . fy 4
| periog
2730 Book V. Of Prattical Phy/ick. Pare Vis pete Re ciel Te RL) en Mi ate a vit 0 and much to be admired fractures tn this wo- | P sok ine man were not caufedeither by the French | rognoftic t: | ‘a an Pox, ‘or from any other Difeafes, fhe er _ x. The fracture of the bones made accord- | Pie ving not beenat any time affected with the} ig to the lengch of chemis more eafily cured | an one or the other ; nor ever in all her lie chen thac fracture that is made either in an_ | ee troubled with any such ficknefs. Buc his| oblique, or in a tranfverfe manner. For | sett conjecture is, that the crue caufe hereof was thereisnofuch need of any laborious repla- | sae fome occult and fecret poyfon, proceeding | cing of the bones 5 bur it is fufficient, if the | Ys th from {ome extraordinary and notable. cor-| bones ( gaping asit were ) be again Joyned | : rupting of the humots 5, which up and down, \clofe together. | ke on al fides pafling throw the whole fubftance|_ 2. Among che Tranfverfe and oblique | # hot ofthe bones corrupred icin this ftrange and | fractures, that is moft eafily Cured (and ‘| Ar unex preilible manner. : ; | hach leaft of danger init ) chat is fingle or | pe Signs Diagnoftick: AEG and equal; andin which the broken | i ‘ onesare noc at almoved out oftheir pla- |Pyri A Teanfyerte fracture, or that whichis | ces. I pelelsi made in an oblique manner may eafilybe| 3. Thofe fractures in which che heads | gat it known, becaufe that by the very touch the | ofthe broken bones are recufe and blue ne extremityes of the broken bone ( being now | have but lictle of danger inthem: but. when peat feparated ) are foon difcovereds and like- | they are fharp-pointed, hole fra@ures arian b, Al wife inthe place of the fracture there is | che worft and moft dangerous of any 3 inre- | robe con found a Cavity, or hollownefs that is not | gardthatthey are not eafily to be fac clot delayed Natural. And moreoverthe body, and ef-| together ( as having nothing of any blunt | ae pecially the broken Member cannot be mo-| boneto reft upon +) and becaufe the alfo jgptatupon ved after the due and wonted manner. And, hurtcand wound the flefh, and anche like. there arifecth likewife, before the bones be} wifea Nerve or Mufcle, as Celfus cells us ic ano be fet and brought together again into their pla-| his fifch Book,and Chap. 73 | Bbur like ces, an extremeand moftintollerable pain,|. 4. The fracture is then very dificult cto be | aebons whiles.that the excremities of the broken| cured, when’the bone is dividedinto many pervert bone prick and grate upon the parts nigh un-| fragments; andthe more the fmal pieces are get tothem, being very quick of fenfe and feel.| ftillthe more difficule is the Cure like co | pect ing. Which that ic may bethe more rightly | prove: and fo alfo when there are fharp Premute known, the member that is found is to be| pointed ftickings out,which prick and wound | pyasmay compared (as’Arm with Arm, Leg wich| the parts thac lye neer unto them. © Quy be Leg ) wich that that is broken. And very| 5. By how muchthe greater the fractureis, | othe oth ofcenalfo it fo falls out chat by reafon ofa} and by how much the greater alfo che broken |quetvatd broken bone the Member is made fhorter | bones are, with fo much the more difficulty |g thenit fhould be,whileft che Mufcles draw up| and flownefs is the fracture Cured. 7 Vfadan In the inferior pacc of the bone... Andforthe| 6. When-two bones Joyned together (as |} the moft part likewife fractures are generally | in che Acm, the Radius} and theUlna; in: | ult, and commonly wel} known; fome violent} the Leg,the Ankle andthe Fibula) are both | 9. Hin caufes ( having power enough to. break the of them broken, the Cure willbe more diffa- | jive) bones )ufually preceding, Buc then thofe| cult chenif only one ofthefe be broken. | itheteotb fractures that are made longwayes in the|For ifoneofthefe bones remain whole and iventhd bone, arenotto be known buc with more dif- | unbrokenthe Mufcles cannot then fo eafily be | ithatfone ficulry.: and: yet natwithftanding they may | contracted, as being kepr ftretched ouc by |} totum be difcovered fromohe precernatural cthick- the unbroken bone. And fo likewife wher | !dBod ne{s of the Member, as alfo from the inequa-|the broken bone isfec againinits former 20 An lity, and pain: thereof. | place,- if the other be whole, that ferveth in- | ion of the homed ftead of a prop unto that whichis broken;and_ | #letwith The bones oftentimes likewife,impoftu- | a greater help and benefit ic is unco ic, chen | Jy dan mate and drop forth, to wit, when. allcheir! are. eithec the fwathes or the fplinters, of | tous, | {mall parts and lictle pieces could nor be both-ofthemtogether, But on the Coattaa |iteater 5 brought back and fet in their proper places, ry, if they be both broken, al things thatare | ay and thereuponare left deftitute.and naked performed in the keeping in its piace che |} Woun of flefh.> and this is Known by the blacknefs bone afterit is fec muft be done with far grea- | Hey eal ofthe bone, ( ifat leaft.ic lie openuntothe terCare, curioficy, and pains-taking, ‘ Were, an view.) or elfeby che ftirring and movingup | 7. The Fracture chat is made in che middle dich anddown of the bone, if icbe found not co ofthe bone is to be accounted lighter, and | Piliqh adhere and ftick clofe unto. the other ‘lefs dangerous ‘then that whichis nigher uns | td bones. b i%et | |\¢othe head of the bone, whether ic beche fur || Uy tei |
atin Fo ae
)) Nerves, andLigaaments 5, and becaufethac
AAg rp q Ces alt,
‘like to
re {hatp
dwounl §
irate CCU 1 q
)KEN
ner (a8
ste dil |
prokelh
hole ani I eaily out by I fe whel force gett th Keni fl
Was re bot i
f Chap. 1.
nay BEVeS afcer this be brought to Joyn and grow
Of Frattures, and the
Cure of them in General.
erior or the wifecior head, Foc whereas ,after chey are brought back unto their proper
nighunco the lower head there are many Len- dons, and neer unto che upper head very many Nerves; the greatecare the pains thac areexciced ; and th2 Cure is rendered fo much the more difficule. Bucifche fracture benighuntoche “Joyne, ic is thenche moft dangerous of any; ate in that place both ,.fendons, che broken parc cannot cthere,be fo conveni- ently bound up 3 and becaufe alfa, in this
in that place be confolidated 5 yet never-, thelefsic leaveth behind it a great impedi- ment inthe motion of that Member, by rea-| fon of the Callus which bindeth (as it were ), the Tendons or Mufcles.
8. Anew fracture is very apt and ready | tobeconfolidated. But if chere be any time delayed, the Cureis thereby alcogetherren dered the more’ difficule 3 noc only becaufe! that upon the ot ein of the inflammation |
| | |
that extenfion of the part( which is required | cannot be performed wichout much danger 3, but likewife becaufe chat the.extremicies of
chebones become hardned, fothac they can
together again; and this more efpecially happeneth in aged perfons. And there fore we muft endeavour all we can that as fpeedi- ly as may be che Extremities of the bones may be firted and Joyned cogether the one tothe other; forfoby this means they wil afterwardche more eafily grow together a- gain ; for be ic how ic will, if fo be chat pain
anda Inflammation happen upon che frac- ture, they render che Cure the more diiii- cult.
g. If ina fracture of fome one of the more eminent bones the fic and Convenient Cure thereof be protracted and put off beyond the feventh day; there wil then be danger left that fomething of the bones be be nummed & impoftumated ; as Galen tells us, in. his third Book of Frattures Text. . 37-
10. And fo likewife if there bea Contu- fion of the flefh, andawound Joynedtoge- ther with che Fracture, the Fracture 1s then very dangerous; and {o much the more dan- serous, by how much che wound 1s the greater 3 andefpecially if any of the greater
—Mufcles (as ofthe thigh and fhoulder ) thal be Wounded. For then Inflammations do very eafily happen; andac length, the Gan- grene, and Sphacelus. And that likewife which here maketh the Cureto bethe more diffiicule is chis, cowic, chat the f{plincers
(andthe other like things that are neceffa- | life,
tily required for che keepingofthe bones in
places, cannocfo conveniently and fitly be }adminiftred, in regard. thac a hole isto be kept open for the betcer curing of the W ound.
11. Ifthe bones befo broken and fliatcer= ed that they cannot be reduced unto their
in regard that there | former wonted State and place, we cannot and | then any wayes promife unto the Patient the
recovery of his petfect health again: for al- though the bones may poffibly grow cope- ther again; yec Neverthelefs the Member is
“ploodlefs and cold place che hear is but ve- | by chismeans made much fhorcer then be. ry weak. And albeicthat che fracture may |
fore, and fo alrogether unfit for che difcharge of ics former offices.
12. The bones when they are fo broken that they cannot poffibly be reftored again, we muf thenknow chat ic will not be long ere they be impoftumated, and fal forth;and fo wil. likewife thofethac are wholly deftituce and bare of fleth : fo Hippocrates in his third Book of Prattures,Text. 44. Now the bones impoftumate, and drop out, fometimes fooner, andfomtimes it is longer ere this be done. Thofe bones are fooneft feparared thac are fooneft withered , and fooneft dri- venforth by che flefh growing underneath them. Andchereforethe {ma} bone is foo- neft impoftumated and fe parated, and thac bone likewifechat is in fome extreme part, and the bone alfo that is but chin; whereupon itis, that in lefs chen fourceen days fuch bones as thefe laft fpoken of ufe tobe fepa- rated. Butche greater and more folid bones are longer ere they impoftumate and fepa- race; for ir is boch a longer cime ere they are withered, andlikewife ere they are driven fort by the flefh chac groweth up underneath them: and hence icis, that they arefeldom or never impoftumated and driven forth be- fore the fourtyeth day at the fooneft 5 buc
‘now andthenthe impoftumation and drop-
ping forth of the boneis deferred unto thesix- tyeth day, and oftentimes alfo forthe fpace ofmany Months, “Yea and fometimes it fo happeneth that the {mall fragments of bones | fliactered and broken al to pieces have not broken forth untill after many yeers; as we have an inftance hereof given us by Guil- belm. Frabricius, inhis4. Century. and 97s Obfervation. AndI my felf likewife know a very eminent Commander, a Captain of foot, whoat Norinberg was witha bullec fhoc throw the right Arm; by which his fhoulder bone was broken ; out of which wound even
| until this very yeer 163%. there brake forth
fragments and fmal pieces of Bones.
13. TheAge likewife, the temper, and habit of the body, the courfe and kind of thetime of the year, the Region,the and even all chings elfe
ftate of che Heavens, whatfoever
Lit2
A - “age? i ‘sat peak a 5 GOS ENED AT SIP Rha WR Rn nae DON NS EN gE rm ag 22h
——— — Se
975.2 Book V.
Of Prattical Phyfick. Part 7
whatloever that have inthema power of de-\ Uniting afterward of the bones,and the gen- terminating the Natural ftrength ( either by | erating of che Callws,are co be committed un- augmenting or diminifhing it) thefe al may | to Nature, as hér- proper and peculiar work, render the Cure more or lefs difficule, And}; And yer Neverthelefs, the Phyfitian ought
isin young perfonsa matter of no great dif-| beft of his help and furtherance: and chis
ficulry, 5 bucinfuch as are aged and decre- pite the cureis much harder, yea and often- times alcogecher impoilible.
14. Eractures with an Inflammation and abrutling ofthe flefh are ful of danger; in regardthacthofe cannot be fully and entire- Jy Cured, untilchefe fhall firft of all be per- fectly healed.
15-. Touchingthe time for the Confoli- dation ofa fracture, there can nothing of a certainty be foretold;, feeing that ic differ- eth, and is very various according tothe Age, habit of the body, the time ofthe yeer, and other fuch like Circumftaiices. For in fuch as are young, ifthey be ofa good habit and Conftitution, and obferve a good and order- ly Dyet, and live under a temperate Cly- mate; che bones inthefe are much the fooner confolidaced: buc fac more flowly in aged people, andfuch asare more weak and in- firm.
16.: And laftly,che Fractures of the Nofe,,
of the Jaw-bones, of the Throat, of the Breaft, of che Shoulder blades, the Ribbs,
the Spina or back bone, the Ankle, heel,
Hand, and Sole of the foot, are confolida- ted betwixt the twentieth and che twenty
he may do, if hedo what he can for the pres ferving of the Natural cemperament of the partsandtake carechat che inflammation and
allochertheSymproms that ufually accom~
pany and accend thefe fraGures, and difturb naturein her wotk, be prevented ‘and kepe off. Orif they fhall at all happen, that wich what fpeedhe may he remove them.
And therefore, in the firft place, ( as Cor. -
nelisn Celfus teacheth us, in his B. 8. and Chap. 7. ) weare to be wel advited upen mature Confideration, whether the broken bones be fallen ouc of cheir places, yea or tio; for it is alwaiesfo, that when the benes are
brokeninacranf{verfe or overthwarce mane:
ner, they fal out of their own natural Seats.
Now it is known that the broken bones are)|
nor removed out of their proper places, if in the place wherethe fracture is chere be no Cavity or hollownefs perceived, neither an
fente of pricking; and thatche Member doch not appear fhorter then before. And there-
need at allthat che member be any whit ex- tended; or that wetrouble our felves inrhe leaft with the returning back and fit joyning: together of che broken bones. For it may fo
fourth day 5 cthofe of the Leggs and Arms| very eafily cometopafs (ifthis be bucar-
within Thircy five daies, or betwixt the 35. andthe fourtyeth day.
The Cure.
The Simple or Single fracture ( being as it isa fpecies of unity diffolved ) hath even one only common and univerfal indication, towit, chat whacis thus difjoyned muft a- gain be united, Andalchough thac this unit- ing be. the work of. Nature, as in Wounds ; yet neverthelefs, chac Nature may the bet- ter atrainuntoherfcope, and effect her pur- pofe, thereare yet many other things necef- fary. To wit, whereas che broken bones are
What things are mecel] arily re- quired for the Curing of bro- ken bones.
cempted by us }that pains may beexcited, & che heads and fuch parts of the broken bones that {tick forch may hereby be crufhed and
\
\
_
Chap
yale}
yey ye dif | Ligh Bs therefore it is chat the Curing ofa Fradture| notco beremifs in affording unto Nature rhe: | |
| | ng |
mn per p | Morth ott
jai us™ And I
annlng acher a P ite Joy" awa D ihismeal
Mongtha 1 Mvich it,
cena)
hat elth onforme fe apata | and feat, Hack as
Pplace rnc
H(cowie
: lee : An, nk fore in this kind of fra@ture there is not any | ' part
trould be
ipl ie again |
|
| Mpollbly |
| Bilapne ane aces atic
:
ile they
grated one againft another, and fo broken:: |
but here we are only to endeavor, that»the broken bones may be kept in their own Na-
ituralSeats, andthere again united, as anon we fhall further fhew you how this is ro be |
done.
But if che broken bones fhall be fallen our of their own proper places, fo that one thal’ becatryed forthand caft upon anocher,then inchis cafe our firft and main Care ought to be, that thefe broken bones may again be re-
; forthe moft parc removed out | ftored unto their own places. Now this is to of cheir due places;if this fhal fo | be done ( chiefly and primarily } by twoo- happen, then the broken bones are again to be reftored unto | their own proper places ; and}
pérations, the former whereof 1s called Ca- catafis or Antitafis, 1. e.an Extenfion ; but the other we term Diorthofis,1. e. Conforma-
| then in the next placé, they are tion or a putting back again of the bones into
Natural ftare ;
with allexadtnefs and accuratenefs to be fice | their own places. Bur now, foitis that none ted and joyned together, as before in cheic| can rightly perform thefe operations, but and fo being.in this exact | he that welunderftandeth the Nature of the manner conjoyned, theyéare thus co be kepr, | bones, and knowerh the differences of fract- Which chings when the chirurgeon hath with ures. The Nature of the bones is tobe known all his skill and dexterity accomplifhed, the : out of Galen bis tratt.of the boner,& the books
lof other Anatomifts ; elpecially by our own ocular
mones, af
: qd due J
ever yt
i i, ) |
1S enbi hoy
tH)
C8 OF lig oes an | I Map
cS = ars =
iy Bail I | eS Inthe
me
may {Omer
11 bones hed andy broken ial hat chee
aan NB wo Nae
as anon}.
i$ ro bee
ae Hlen a |
I pet the pughtto in bese his 640 WOO}
Ned Ca |
)
1
5
st Orin | resid | ac otf | 3s, | sof tht
f frat ; knowd
hooks q i ova
ocllt!
}) all of them are as ic were idle and loofened ; ' that fo all the Fibres of the Mufcles of the
Of Frattures, and thé Cure of them in General.
ocular infpection, and taking aright view ofcthemin our-Anatomy Ledtures, And for the differences of Fractures,. Galen (in his fixth B. of the Meth.of Curing, and 5. Chapt.) cels us what they are,
Hands only, or elfe alfo by cercain Reins of Curbs, or by Swaths, or ocher Engines and devices ufed for this purpofe: When the Finger is broken, or any other tender mem- s W. ber, the extenfion may then be performed And firft of all cherefore in the reftoring | by the help and pains of one alone who is and returning back of the broken bones into| to lay bold onone pare of the broken mem- their places, there is requifite an excenlion| ber wich his riche Hand,-and on the echae of the part. For whenas.wichout the Cur- | parc with the lefe, and fo drawing them a= cing aflunder of any Mufcle either che parts pare One from the other: or elfe rigcabe of the broken bone are removed out of their} done by cwo together, fo that one of them proper places, or elfe chat the Joyncis fallen} may hold the parc of the broken member; forth of its due place, the Mufcle whofe be-|and che other exrend and ftretch it corths ginning is annexedunto that pare inco which | Bucif the member chat is broken be greater either a part of the broken bone inclinecth, or |and more ftrong, thenthe help of many tos the Joyne falleth forch unto, is wholly |gecher will beneedfuls fo chat one may iné drawn back unco tts own Head3 and foby |deed with both Hands lay hold upoh one this means together with it felf it catrieth a-| parc of the broken member, and anocher at long that part of the Member which is Joyned |the fame time may likewife lay hold wich with ic. Wherefore ic cannot poflibly be|boch Hands on the other part of che broken thac either the broken bone fhould be rightly | member 3 chac fo they may by drawing to- conformed, or that the loofened bone fhoyld| wards chem (one from the other) bring the be again reftored back unto its own place|faid broken Member clofe cogecther. “And and feat, before chat ic be fo much drawn! fomtimes likewifé there wil be need of big- back as it was before removed our of ics} ding it round about with Swaths, Linen place intothis orthac parc, For orherwife, |] Clothes, and Staies; and of fittine chefe on if (co wit) there be not madea right extenfi- | all fides unto the faid broken Member, like on, in Fractures, by attrition che eminencies|as witcha Cord, or Noofe; forthe drawing Cor parts fticking forth from the bones )j of all which together,(that ic may be rightly would be broken, by being crufhed together | done, to wit, by drawing feveral waies, the one againftthe ocher, fothat chey couldnor| one fromthe other) the help and afliftaiice pollibly be put back again into their own | of divers at once will be very requifire: And places and Cavities, bucthat chey muf eicher | oftentimes likewife, evenchen when chere is externally ftick ac the fides of che. bones, or | occalion for a greater extention (but yec elfe they mutt ftil remain among the broken | without any violence) there are together bones, and by this means the Coaptarion | with thefe certain Engines co be admini- and due Joyning cogether of the bones fhould | ftred. 5 rouching which, fee Hippocrat. in his be very much hindred. \fecond B. of Frattures, Text 40. &c. and Oris | And therefore that the bro-,bafivs,in his Trad. deMachinam. and Paré- Extenfion bow | Ken bone may be rightly con-|us, inhists.B. and 7. Chapt. tobe pevfor- + formed, icisrequilice thatborh; Now chis Extention is either med. | parts of che broken bone be di-| equal, or Unequal. We cal Extenfion bow , ftended backwards, or other-|thatan equal extenfion, in che | manifold. wife as need fhall require; and this extenfion | which the Member is equally ex- is by che Greeks called; Antitafts. Bur chac| tended from both fides of the broken bone + the extenfion may be rightly done, we muft| butcthe excenfion wherein theMember is more endeavour that it may be performed either | extended from one fide of che broken borie with no pain at all, or no more then needs; then from the other, we then cal itan Un- muft. Now this willbe done, ifthe mem-| equal extenfion; and this harhthen is place, berco be extended be placed in {uch a Figure} when but only one of the two bones inthe as Wherein the Mufcles donathingat all, but} Ankle or che Elbow is broken: for thac fide is moft ro be extended in which the broe- ken bone is contained. But now the Diorthofis, or Con-
a rtf eet peng
faid member may be extended directly and
a mn ae .
2733
firaight forward: by which means there wil
be need of the lefsexcenfion, andthe whole _bufinefs performed with very little or no pain.
Now this extenlion and diftraction is to be done either by che labor and pains of one al-
One, or elfe by the Hands of many cogether;
and this indeed likewife either by their
| formation, is the replacing and put=} canforme= cing back again of the broken bone} tion.
Into its own place, and therighe { o.
Coaptation or fitting’together of che excreme parcs of the broken bones which is done, if afcer thatthe Member 1s fo far forth exten=
ded that the bones to be replaced ent te @
me
SS Sa einai BT che KINA BES Pies Conta et as *
| 3734 Boox V.
Of Praflical Phyfick.
a ie