I. 2, 11. VIII. 6, 5. Up. VI. 30.

vftyuA fcaudraiufts syamaA (moon) sQryadvftram rasmayaA uttarayajia^,
adityaA (punar ftvartaft) iabalaA (sun) purnshoimn'tafi ftdityaft (lo- brahmapathaS Aandrii/( Mitya/t brahmalokaA kad varam) giiahumna
lokaA (na punar ftvar- eauram dvaram
fci/i) branmalokaA
para gatiA
ABD AL EAZZAK, page 344. Abel, 376.
Abelard and St. Bernard, 492. Abraham, as only son of God, 366, 409.
— allegorical meaning of, 376.
— and Isaac, 378.
Absolute, absorption in the, 427.
— Being, one, 314. Abstract nouns, 78. Abu Jafir Attavari, 38.
Abu Said Abul Cheir, founder of
Sufiism, 343.
Abu Yasid and Junaid, 344. Academy, the, 384. Accadian prayer, 14. Achaemenian inscriptions, 44. Acta Archelai, 441. Activity, acts of, 162. Adam, the son of God, 366.
— explained by Philo, 376. Adam's rib, Philo's interpretation
of, 376.
Adams, 86, 119. Adevism, 295. Adhyayas, 98. Aditi, sons of, 17. — man restored to, by Agni, 140. Aditya, 17. Adjectives, 78. Adrasteia, 64 ». Adrian I, 465. Adyton of the soul, 428. Aelian, 145 n. Aeon, meaning of, 473 n. Aeons of Valentinian, 473 n. Aeshm, 201-202. Afringan, the three, 43.
N
Agni, 50, 121, 130, 135, 192, 234-
235-
— real purpose of the biography of,
5, 6, 8.
— as fire, 29.
— the visible and invisible, 154. Agniloka, the world of Agni, 116. Agnosis, universal, 321. Agnostic, modern, and the Hindus,
320-321.
Aham, ego, 248-249. Ahana, 178. Ahl alyakyn, 344. Ahmi yat ahmi, 52, 187 n.
— Zend = asmi, Sk., 55 n. Ahriman, in the Gathas, 45.
— word not known to early Greek
writers, 45.
— known to late Greek and Roman
writers, 45.
— and Ormazd, 183.
not mentioned as opponents
by Darius, 183.
— his council of six, 186. Ahura, 18, 19, 20.
— names of, 54, 55.
— Zarathushtra's talk with, 54, 55. Ahura Mazda, 18, 52, 180, 181, 183,
188, 189, 203.
as the Supreme Being, 51.
the living God, 53.
gives the soul the food destined
for the good, 116 ra.s his discourse on guardian an- '
gels, 205-207.
acts by the Fravashis, 206.
Airyaman, Vedic Aryaman, 182. Aitutakian heaven, 228, 229.
548
INDEX.
Akaar.ga, 229, 230.
Akasa, ether, 300.
Akem mand, 186.
Al Aaraf, 173.
Albertus Magnus, 466, 504.
Albigenses, 503.
— called Kathari, 504. Alexander, 45, 69.
— destroyed some of the sacred
MSS. of the Persians, 38.
— had the Zend Avesta translated
into Greek, 39.
Alexandria, contract between Aryan and Semitic thought at, ix.
— Jewish school of, and its influ-
ence on Christianity, 371, 374.
— the meeting-place of Jewish and
Greek thought, 399. of Jewish and Christian faith,
399- .
Alexandrian Christianity, St. Cle- ment, 433.
— Jews and Greek religion, 82. Allah, the God of Power, 347, 349,
35°-
Allegorical interpretations, 377. Alogoi, the, -45 2.
— denied the Logos, 453.
— opposed the Fourth Gospel, 453. Alphabetic writing, 31. Amalrich, 515.
Ambrosius, 434.
Amelius, 429.
AmeretfuZ (Amardad), immortality, 1 86.
Ameretat, 49.
American, English, and Irish cus- toms, 62.
Ameshaspentas of the Avesta, 186, 188, 203.
Amitauyas, throne, 121, 123, (24.
— its feet and sides and furniture,
123.
Ammon, 14. Amoureux, French, and amourou,
Mandshu, 60. Amphiboly, 416 n. Amrita, 79. Anaclet II, Antipope, 492.
Aiiah Ha, 206. Analogical method, vii.
— treatment, 322.
A nan da, blessedness, 94. Anastasius, librarian, 466. Anaxagoras, 377, 380, 384, 389,
410, 430.
Anaximander, Infinite of, 400. Ancient Prayers, 12.
— books lost, 57.
— religions and philosophies, how
to compare, 58. Angel of Jehovah, 405.
— wrestling with Jacob, 405. Angels, qualities of Ormazd, 185.
— of O. T. and the Ameshaspentas
of the Avesta, 187.
— Philo called the Logoi, 401, 406,
4!3-_
— a Jewish conception, 405.
— roots of the, 405.
— of Origen, 451, 473.
— hierarchies of, 406, 469, 473,
478.
— spoken of as Gods, 471.
— St. Augustine on, 472.
— in happiness, 475.
— modern belief in, chiefly derived
from Dionysius, 476.
Angro Mainyu or Ahrimau, 45, 183, 184, 185, 203.
Animal bodies, human souls migrat- ing into, 217, 225, 231.
moral grounds of this belief,
217, 218.
Animism, 152, 156.
— not connected with Metempsy-
chosis, 153. Annihilation, not known in the Rig-
veda, 1 66. IvoptiTos, 361. Antaryamin, 315. Anthropological religion, 89, 90, 106,
1 60, 541.
Anthropology, 6l. Anthropomorphism, 153. avOptanos Otov, 415. Antioch, Synod of, 412. Anumana, deduction, 102, 293.
549
Aparagrita, 132.
Apeiron, formless matter, 395, 400.
Aphrodite, 63, 76.
aiT\
Apocryphal books of New Testa- ment, 35.
atrotos, 437.
Apologetes, the early, xiii, 455.
Apollo, 235.
Apollon, 64 n.
airoffiraa pa, 420, 423.
air oOt caff is, 482.
Approach to God, 524.
Apsaras, 121, 122, 163, 199.
Apuleius on Daimone*, 470.
Apurva, 306.
Ara, lake, 12 1, 122, 124.
from ari, enemy, 142.
Arabic, translations of Greek books into, 324.
Archangels, 475.
dpxitpevs, 415.
Archimedes, 70.
Areimanios, 45.
Arif, name for Sufis, 344.
Aristides on Jupiter, n.
Aristokles, 83.
Aristokrates, son of Hipparchus, 83.
Aristotle, 85, 102, 372, 380, 384, 395,
430, 512. 521-
— knew the word Areimanios, 45.
— Zeus of, 395.
— the Prime Mover of, 395, 597.
— his transcendent Godhead, 396. Aristoxenos, 83, 84.
Armaiti, Aramati, 182, 186. Arnold of Brescia, 492. Artakshatar, (Ardeshlr), 40. Article, the, 78. 'Aruf or Marifat, 348. Aryan separation, 72.
— religion and mythology, common,
72-74.
— nations, 74.
— civilisation, 74-
— atmosphere in Indian and Greek
philosophies, 77.
— words, common, 78, 79. Asar-mula-dag, 14.
Asat, 96.
Ascetic school, 530.
— practices, 326. Ascetics, Sk. name for, 527*1.
— visions of, 528.
— fraud among, 528.
— Indian, 528.
— sinlessness, 532. Asceticism of the Sufis, 345.
— excessive, 526.
— dangers of, 527, 534. Ases, the As-bru, 169. Asha, righteousness, 44,
— vahishta, 1 86.
Asmodeus, A6shma da&va in Tobit, 187. _
— proves intercourse between Jews
and Persians, 187. Asraya, abode of the soul, 306. Asti, tan, est, ist, 78. Ast6vldad, 201, 202. Astral body, 306. Asu, breath, Sk., 53, 248. AsuraVaruna or Ahura Mazda, 49. As ura, and as, to be, Sanskrit, 53.
— from asu, 181.
— and Deva, 181.
— bad sense of, 181.
— highest deity in the A vesta, 18 1. Asuras, change of meaning of, 1 87.
— and Suras, 187. fights between, 1 88.
— non-gods, 188.
— opponents of the Devas, 250, 251. A tar, fire, 180.
Athanasius on oneness with God,
323-
— on the Logos made man, 421.
— a man of classical learning, 434.
— Dionysius unknown to, 463. Atharva-veda, 138, 140.
— Hell known in the, 167. Atharvan, 65. Atheism, 295.
Athem, Odem, 249. Athenagoras on the Son of God, xiii.
— Greek philosopher, 436, 451.
— on the Logos, 437.
550
INDEX.
Athenians and Atlantidae, myth of,
82. Atiu, chiefs of, mourning for the
dead, 227. Atman, 248, 249, 250, 257, 272.
— and Brahman one, 94, 308.
— the Self, 155, 249, 363, 364.
— the true bridge, 167.
— A.S. setfm, O. H.G. adurn, 249.
— most abstract name for the divine
in man, 249.
— its relation to Brahman, 262.
— unchanged amid the changes of
the world, 272.
— Highest, 291.
— not lost in Brahman, 310.
— oneness with Brahman, 330. Attar, 345.
Attic Moses, name for Plato, 342,
4I5-
Aturpad, the high priest, author or finisher of the Dinkard, 40,
4i-
Augustinus, 434. Auharmazd, first thought of, 56. avros, 249.
Avaiki, the spirit world, 228, 229. A vesta, 35, 36.
— the small, 43.
— and O. T., relation between, 47.
— on the soul entering Paradise,
II57Z.
— religion of, misrepresented, 179.
— and Veda, names shared in com-
mon by, 182.
— dualism of, 185.
— immortality of the soul in the,
190.
— and Veda, common background
of, 203.
Avesta-Zend, difficult, 179. Avestic prayer, 18.
— language continued to be long
understood, 47.
— religion a mixture, 183.
— a secondary stage from the Vedic
religion, 189.
— religion, ethical, 190. Avicenna, 509.
Avidya or Nescience, 292, 298, 302, 314-316,319, 320-321.
— called Maya, 303.
— /Sankara's view of, 318.
— to know it is the highest wisdom,
318.
BABYLONIAN prayer, 15.
— religion, works on, 109. Bactria, Buddhists in, 46, 46 n. Badarayawa, 99, 100, 101, 116 n.,
3°6.
— early authorities quoted by, 100,
100 n.
— on the soul after death, 1 1 6, 1 1 6 n . Bad souls become animals, 156. 'Bayaarava, 182.
Balavarman, 135.
Baptised, Communicants, Monks,
477- Baptism of Christ, 442, 443.
— Eucharist, and Chrism, 477. Baptismal formula, 436. Baresman, Barsom, 240. Barh, root, 242.
Barnabas, 454.
Barrow on Love, 351-353.
Basil, 434.
Basilides, 396.
— his non-existent God, 396. Bastholm, 75.
Bastian, 75.
Beatific visions, 527, 528.
Beautiful, the, in the soul, 433.
— the, the True, the Divine, 433. Beauty, in the Phaedrus, 343. Beginning, the, different accounts
of, in the Upanishads, 96. Behistun, 182.
Behram and Behram Yasht, 182. Bellerophon, 64 n. Berehtold of Regensburg, 502, 503,
— his sermons and vision, 502. Beseelung, animism, 152. Beyond, an invisible, vii.
— the, 1 08, 361. Bhadrapada, 145. Bhaga, solar deity, 182. Bhagavata, the, 354.
INDEX.
551
Bhedabhedavada and Satyabheda-
vada, 375, 276. Bhikshu, 335, 330. Bible, Jews and Christians ashamed
of their, 375.
— a forbidden book, 479.
— early German translations of, 503. learnt by heart, 504.
Bifrost, the bridge, 168, 174, 539.
— only three colours in, 171. Bigg, Dr., xv, 90 »., 374 »., 375 n.,
379 n., 381 n., 396 n., 402 n., 407 »., 436 «., 438 n., 449 n.,
473 »•
— on Clement's idea of Christ, 444.
— on Origen, 458.
Bigot, derivation of, 507, 508. Birth of the Son in the soul, 516,
524-
Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, 477. Black Death, 501. Blood, community of, 61. Bloomfield, 120 n. Bodhayana, 100, 101, 313. Body, the subtle and coarse, 296,
306.
— antagonistic to the soul, 527.
— subjection of, 527. Boehtlingk, i : o, 1 1 5 n., 1 16 n., 1 1 7 n.,
n8n., I2ow., 128 n. Bog, Slavonic God, 182. Bohlen, 85.
Bonaventura, 499, 505, 525. Boniface, viii, 509. Bonn, home of Eckhart, 509. Book- writing, date of, 31. Bopp, 73. Borrowing of ideas and names
among ancient nations, 58. Brahma/carya, Iiq, 129. Brahma-sutras, 98.
— -world, 119, 1 20.
Brahma the highest order of good- ness, 164.
Brahman, 105-108, 155, 247, 249, 308.
— and Atman, one, 94.
— the Self, 99.
— as the True, 115, 115 ».
Brahman.world of, 121,1 26,1 29-130.
— and the departed, dialogue be-
tween, 159.
— and Ahuramazda, arrival of the
soul before, 203.
— neuter, name for the highest
Godhead, 240, 241, 344, 248.
— derivation of, 240.
— and brihat, 342 n.
— means Veda, 240, 242.
— various meanings of, 240, 241.
— Vishnu and
— neut. changed to brahman mas.,
241, 243.
— as word, 242.
— change of meaning, 242.
— and brahman, 243.
— as neut. followed by masc. forms,
243-
— caste, 247.
— identity of the soul with, 272,
282, 283.
— and the individual soul, 275.
— approach of the soul to, 277, 278,
279.
— later speculations on, 278.
— the Eeal, 279.
— neuter, essence of all things, 279.
— nothing besides, 280. - All in All, 280.
— being perfect the soul is BO, 280.
— masculine and neuter, 283, 330,
5I7-
— the whole world is, 286.
— modified personal, 290, 291, 292.
— the Highest, 290, 291, 293.
— Sutras on, 291.
— is everything, 292.
— Indian sage asked to describe,
293.
— as sat, as &it, as ananda, 293.
— always subjective, 294.
— how men should believe in, 295.
— the world, emanation from, 295.
— presents itself as the world, 299.
— or the Infinite, everywhere, 304.
— we are, 294, 302.
— and Avidya the cause of the phe-
nomenal world, 303.
552
INDEX.
Brahman, is nothing and every- thing, 312, 314.
— Ramanuj/a's teaching about, 315.
— i&inkara's teaching about, 315.
— the Atman not lost in, 310.
— one, 311.
— Higher and Lower, 316, 317.
— is what really exists, 317. Brahmawas, 156, 370.
— do not harmonise with the Upa-
nishads, 141.
Brahmattas, priests appropriating sacrificial property, 162.
— transmigration of, 163. Brahmanists and Buddhists, volu- minous literature of, 1 79.
Brahmans mentioned by Eusebius,
46 w. Bridge to another life, the, 167, 177.
— called Setus in the Mahabharata, ^167.
— Atman the true, 167 n.
— among North-American Indians,
168.
— among the Mohammedans, 172.
— adopted by the Jews in Persia,
173.
— among the Totlas, 173.
not known in the Talmud, 174.
— known to peasants of Nievre,
175-
— of the Avesta and of the Upani-
phads, 194.
— between earth and heaven, 209.
— between God and man, 470, 539. Brig o' Dread, 174.
— not same as Bifrost, 1 74.
— from crusaders, 175. Brj'had-arawyaka, 1 14, 1 1 7, 1 18, 125,
171, 277. Brfhas-pati, Brahmanas-pati,Va/ias-
pati, 242.
Brothers of the free spirit, 533. Bua tree, 229, 230. Buddha left no MSS., 32.
— silence of, on the soul after death,
233-
— the, 363.
— opposed excessive asceticism, 529.
Buddhism, no objective Deity in,
363-
— and Christianity, startling coin-
cidences, 369. Buddhist Bhikshus, 369. Buddhists, prayer unknown to the,
12.
— in Bactria, 46. Bywater, 364 n.
CAIN, 376.
Cambridge Platoniste, 333,539,541.
likeness to the Upanishads
and Vedantists, 321. Canis Major and Minor, the Dogs of
Hell, 146.
Carpenter, J. Estlin, 35 n. Castes, earliest reference to the four,
247. Causality, belongs to God alone,
541- Celsus, 372, 375, 409, 452, 455, 471.
— Origen's reply to, 456.
— on the Logos, 438.
— on Daimones, 471. Ceremonial, 87.
— in the Veda, 88.
Chariot, myth of, in the Phaedrus,
211. Charioteer and horses, 211.
— in Plato, and in the Upanishads,
211.
Charis, wife of Hephaistos, 76, 80.
Charites = Haritas, 76, 177.
Charlemagne, commands the Bishops to preach in the popular lan- guage, 500 n.
Charles the Bald, 466.
— the Great, 465.
Charlotte Islands, Rev. C. Harrison
on, 222. Cherubim, Philo on the, 377.
— Dionysius on the, 475. Cheyne, Prof., 48.
Chief Cloud or Chief Death, 223, 224, 225.
of Light, 223.
Chiliasts, 453.
China, Sanskrit words in, 368.
INDEX.
553
Chinese prayer, ao.
— inscription on heaven and men,
.365 n.
Christ, as the Logos or Word, xi, xiii.
— and His brethren, difference in
kind, not degree, liii.
— religion of, blending the East
and West, 416.
— and His brethren, difference be-
tween, 456.
— divinity of, 457.
— Dionysius' view of, 468.
— the chief lesson of the life of,
489.
— called the first man, 519. — His birth in the soul, 520.
— as the Word of the Father,
520. difference between, oneofkind,
not of degree, 538. Christian theology as distinct from
Christian religion, xiii.
— and other religions, true object
of comparing, 8.
— advocate, 26.
— doctrines borrowed from Greece,
59-
— Register, writer in, on the Infi-
nite, 361 ».
— doctrine, the perfection of Greek
philosophy, 450.
— expression for the re union of the
soul with God, 535.
— religion, needs no props or scare-
crows, 543.
— Mystics, their resemblance to the
Vedantists and Eleatic philo- sophers, 483, andNeo-Platonistsonthesoul,
483-
Tholuck on, 485.
their belief, 486, 487.
do not ignore morality, 486.
Dionysius looked on as their
founder, 488.
— Father and Son of the, 512. Christianity, a synthesis of Aryan
and Semitic thought, ix, 447*
Christianity, faith in, raised by a comparative study of religions, 24.
— the best of all religions, 26.
— and Islam, real antecedents of,
little known, 27.
— early, its connection with Sufiism,
342. mention of, in the Gulshen
Ras, 343. Oriental influences in, 366,
367, 368.
— Sufiism and the Vedanta-philo-
sophy, coincidences between, 366.
— and Buddhism, startling coinci-
dences, 369.
— influenced by the Jewish school
of Alexandria, 371.
— in Alexandria, 434.
— different from that of Judea, 434.
— Theosophy in, 446.
— must be weighed against other
religions, 447.
— unhistorical, 448.
— truly historical, 448.
— why it triumphed, 454-455.
— built upon the Logos, 521.
— yearning for union with God,
finds its highest expression in,
539> 542. Chry.sostom, 434. Cicero, 112, 509. Cicero on the Zeus of Xenophanes,
331- Clarke, Lieut. - Col. Wilberforce,
338 n.
Cleanthes, 460. Clement of Alexandria, 82, 370,
451-
— on Gentiles borrowing from the
Bible, 58, 59.
— did not borrow from the East,
369-
— did not accept physical impossi-
bilities as miracles, 376.
— on the Logos, 407.
— called Gnostic and Mystic, 445.
— on the soul, 446.
554
INDEX.
Clement of Alexandria, denies all secret doctrines in the Church, 482.
Clements, the two, 454.
Clergy in the fifth century, 480.
Coat of Christ, 408, 408 n.
Concepts or ideas, 385.
— learnt by sensuous perception,
385.
Conductors, 134. Confession, Tauler on, 530. Confucians believe in prayer, 1 2. Confucius, on love to our neighbour,
9-
Constantinople, conference of, 463. Contradictions in Sacred Books,
136-
Cornill, 53. Corpus, kehrp, 79. Cosmic vortex, 150.
how to escape, 150.
Cosmos, God thinking and uttering
the, 382.
Couvade, the, 60, 61. Cow sacrificed at funeral ceremonies.
170. Creation or emanation, 296, 514
— Upanishads on, 297.
— out of nothing, 297.
— like a spider's web, 297.
— like hairs growing from the skull,
297.
— to the Vedantist, 300.
— problem of, 362.
— through the Logos, 417.
— Eckhart admits two, 5 1 5. Credidi, 79.
Cronius, 144.
Crusaders and the Brig o' Dread,
175- Cusanus, Cardinal, 421 n., 506.
— his Docta Ignorantia, 271. Cyprian, 434.
Cyrus, 45.
DADU, 21.
Daehne, 367.
Dae'va- worship, abjuration of, 188.
Duovas, 44.
Dah, the root, 178. Dahana, Daphne, 178. Daimones, 205, 469-471.
— departed souls of good men,
470.
— Celsus on, 471.
— Plutarch on, 472. Daityas, 164. Daphne, Dahana, 178.
Darai preserved copies of the Avesta
and Zend, 38. Darius, 69.
— inscriptions of, 45. Darkness, acts of, 162.
— and poison, personifications of,
1 86. Darmesteter, Professor, 40, 41, 44 n.,
55. I72»-
— on late use of Avestic, 47. Darwish, 344, 345.
Dasein and sein, 302.
David of Augsburg, 502.
Dawn, legend of the, 178.
Dead, mourning for, in the Harvey
Islands, 227. Death, return of soul to God after,
92.
— journeyof the soul after, 113-115,
116-117, 143.
passages from the Upanishads,
114 et .
— rewards and punishments after,
195-
Zarathushtra questions Ahura-
mazda on, 195-199.
— ' going into night,' 228. De Imitatione, 457.
Deity, in Buddhism no objective, 363-
— in Judaism, 364.
— in Greece and .Rome, 364.
— at Alexandria, biun« not triune,
440.
Demiurge, 440. Demiurgos, 417. Demokritus, 82, 84, 377. Denifle',his article on Eckhart, 509 ».,
511, 512 n., 525. Departed, abode of the, 140.
INDEX.
555
Departed, raised to the rank of gods, 207.
— Herbert Spencer's view on this,
207.
Depth or silence, &vOos, 411. Descartes, 102,513. Desire, free from, 310. Deussen, 99, 99 n., no, 113 n.,
129 72., 240 n. Deva, not deus, 73.
— in the Veda and Avesta, 181.
— bright beings, 181.
— evil spirit in the Avesta, 181.
— modern Persian dlv, 181. Devaloka, 125, 146. Devas, 49, 154, 250, 251.
— souls eaten by the, 146, 147, 148.
— gods, became Dae1 vas, evil spirits,
188, 189.
Devayana, path of the gods, 117, 125, 130, 151, 277.
— or Milky Way, 171.
— or rainbow, 171.
Devil of the Old Testament, belief in a, 1 86.
— was it borrowed from the Per-
sians ? 1 86.
Dialogue between Brahman and the departed, 159.
— on the Self, 250-256.
deductions from, 260.
£ankara's remarks on, 261.
— from the .KAandogva-Upanishad,
285.
Different roads of the soul, 127. Dillmann, 53. Dinkard, the, 38, 40.
— finished by Aturpad, 41.
— account of the Zoroastrian reli-
gion in, 42.
— when begun and finished, 42.
— translated in Sacred Books, by
West, 42, 47. Diodorus Siculus and his appeal to
books in Egypt, 82. Diogenes Laertius, 38. Dionysius the Areop;igite, 164, 165,
297> 43°. 461, 462, 499. 5°5>
509, 5i4,5i7,534-
Dionysius, little original in hia writings, 463, 468, 478 ».
— writings of, 463, 467.
— his life, 463-464, 467.
— his book a fiction, 464.
— a Neo-Platonist, 464, 467.
— his book accepted as genuine by
Eastern and Western Churches, 465-466.
— identified with St. Denis, 465,
466.
— translation by Scotus Erigena,
465, 466.
— influence of his writings, 467.
— why so popular, 467, 468, 474, 478.
— on the Hebrew race, 468.
— on Christ, 468.
— sources of, 468.
— God as To ov, 468.
— love within God, 469.
— hierarchies of angels, 469.
— influence of, during the Middle
Ages, 474, 479, 482.
— system of, 474.
— • his three triads or nine divisions of angels, 475.
— work of his Trinity, 476.
— belief in angels, chiefly derived
from, 476.
— Milman on, 476, 477.
— his celestial hierarchy reflected
on earth, 477.
— real attraction of, 478.
— his mystic union, 479, 480,
482.
— mysticism of, not orthodox,
484.
— looked on as the founder of the
Christian mystics, 488. Dionysos, worship of, came from
Egypt, 8 1. Dlrghatamas, 140. Disraeli, on religion, 336. Div, Devas, 181. Divine name, meaning in every,
29.
— and human, knowledge of the
unity of, 93.
556
INDEX.
Divine sonship, 94.
lost by sin, 94.
by nescience, 94.
— in man, 250.
— spirit of Philo, 419. in the prophets, 420.
— Logos in Christ, 421. dwelling in us, 425.
— ground of Eckhart, 516, 517. like the neutral Brahman,
Si?-
is oneness, 520.
the soul founded on, 523.
Divinity of Christ, 45 7.
Docetae, the, 457.
Docta ignorantia of Cardinal Cusa-
nus, 271. Doctrines borrowed by the Jews
from the Zoroastrians, 47.
— Professor Cheyne on, 48. Dogs passed by the departed, 138. Dominations, 475. Dominicans, the, 501, 502, 503,
504, 5°5-
— Eckhart, provincial of, 509. 56£a, 417 n.
Dramida or Dravirfa, 100.
Dreams gave the first idea of soul,
259-
Driver, Dr., 53. Drummond, Dr. J., 378 n., 379 n.,
382 «., 402 n., 412 n., 413 n.
— on the Logos, 404.
Dualism, not taught by Zoroaster, 180.
— of the Avesta, 185-186.
— replaces the original Monotheism,
186.
— no sign of, in the Veda, 187. Durga, worship of, 376.
EARLY Christian view of the soul,
94- language, Greek or Jewish?
368.
philosophers taunted with bor- rowing from Greek, 415. — the taunt returned, 415. Earthly love to the Sufis, 351.
East, Greek philosophy borrowed
from the, 80. East, not West, the place of the
blessed, 139.
— and West blended in Christianity,
416.
Eastern religions, ignorant commen- tators on, 1 80.
Ebionites, 436.
Eckhart, Master, 90, 297, 457, 462,
5°6» 543-
— suspected of heresy, 506, 508,
5°9- — - powerful sermons, 506.
— follows St. John, 507.
— appeals to pagan masters, 507,
509.
— assertion of truth, 507.
— never appeals to miracles, 508.
— appeals to the Fathers, 509.
— his scholastic training, 509 n.
— studied at Paris, 509.
— lived at Bonn, 509.
— his character, 510.
— Schopenhauer on, 511.
— his mysticism, 511, 512.
— difficulty of his language, 511.
— Upanishads a good preparation
for, 511.
— his definition of the Deity, 512-
5T3-
— follows Plato and the Stoics, 513.
— uses Alexandrian language, 5 1 3.
— called a Pantheist, 514.
— on creation as emanation, 514,
518.
— on the soul, 515, 516.
— his Divine ground, 516, 517.
— how to understand, 517.
— a Neo-Platonist, 518.
— Logos or Word, as the Son of
God, 518.
— Christ the ideal Son of God, 518.
— his view of Christ as the Word,
5!9-
— uses the legendary traditions as
allegories, 520.
— his view of Christ's birth in the
soul, 520, 524.
INDEX.
557
Eckhart, Master, relation of the soul to God, 534.
— like the Vedantists and the Neo-
Platonists, 525.
— passages in the Fourth Gospel
cited by, 525.
— his holy life, 526.
— stillness and silence commended
ty, 529-
— discouraged extreme penance,
529-
— led an active life, 5 29.
— on the true brotherhood of Christ
and man, 536, 537. Ecstasis of St. Bernard, 490. Ecstatic intuition, 433. Eden, lady of, 14. Ego, the, 248, 249, 304.
— the being behind every, 105.
— what is it, 257, 264.
Egypt, influence of, on Greece, 81- 82.
— famous Greeks who studied in,
82.
— Pythagoras in, 84. Egyptian prayer, 13.
— religion, works on, 109. Ehyeh and Jehovah, Heb., 53. tfSoj, or species, 386.
fiKuiv Oeov, 415. Eileithyias, 63 n. Ekadesa, ekadesin, 12971. Ekam sat, 237. Eleatic argument, 323.
— view of the Infinite, 93.
— monism, 93.
— philosophers, 69, 77, 106-107,
27°, 33°> 335- 336, 46S-
— German Mystics and Vedantists,
280.
— like the earlier Upanishads, 334.
— metaphysical problems, 335. 'Ellsha and Elysion, 63. ri\ve, 64.
Elysion, 63, 63 n., 64. Emanation, never condemned, 296.
— upheld by many, 297.
— stages of, 300.
Embryo, whence it comes, 301.
Emerson on Sufi language, 349. Empedokles, 85.
— and his soul, 433. Endless lights, 198.
— darkness, 199. Endymion, 6471. Energism, 153. Enneads of Plato, 165. Enos, 376.
Eos, dawn, 29. (6vra, 93. Epicier, species, 74. Epictetus quoted, 10. Epiphanius, 453 n. Er, story of, 218.
— before the three Fates, 219. Eridu, lord of, 14.
Erinys, dawn, 29.
E-Sagil, palace of the gods, 16.
Eschatological legends, general simi- larities in, 177.
Esoteric doctrines, 327.
a modern invention, 327.
'Ease est Deus,' Eckhart, 512.
Es-Sirat, the bridge of, 173, 539.
reached Mohammed through
the Jews, 200.
Eternal light behind the veil, 319.
Ethical origin of metempsychosis,
153. 154-
— character of the Avesta, 190,
199.
— teaching not found in the Upani-
shads, 190, 199. Ethics, 87. Euripides on the working of the
gods, 3. Europe, 64 n. Eusebius, 83, 450 n.
— mentions Brahmans, 46 n. Eve, Philo on the creation of, 379. Evil spirit not found in the early
part of the Avesta, 51.
— problem of the origin of, 184. Zarathushtra tried to solve it,
184.
— no real good without possible,
185.
— existence of, 307.
558
INDEX.
Evolution in the Upanishads, 297.
— held by Ramanu^a, 298, 317.
FAITH, different degrees of, 493,
494-
Fakirs, 344, 345. Father, God as the, 417.
— pre-eminence of the, 536. Father and Son, 512, 536.
the Holy Ghost the bond be- tween, 513.
simple meaning of, 522.
Fathers, world of the, 119 ; path of the, 117, 148, 169, 170, 277, 308.
earliest conception of life after
death, 125.
faith in, given up, 283.
Fathers of the Church, men of Greek culture, 434.
Ferid eddin Attar, 344.
Feridun and the fire-temple of Eaikend, 32.
Few, the, not the many, who influ- ence nations, 69.
Fick, 64 n.
Fifth century, 478, 500.
— state of the laity, 479.
— Bible, unknown to laity, 479.
— the clergy, 479.
— no true religion, 480.
Fins, borrowed from Scandinavians, 62.
Firdusi, language of, 37.
Fire-worship, not taught by Zoro- aster, 1 80.
Fire and sparks, 275.
— air, water, and earth, 287, 287 n. First person, the Father, 437.
— man, Christ called, 519. Fitzgerald, 358.
Five elements and five senses, 300.
— stages of mystic union, 480. Flaccus, Plotinus' letter to, 430. Flames burning the wicked, 171, 172. Flaming sword and Reason, 378. Fleet, 99 n.
Forest, life in the, 326.
— in each man's heart, 493.
Forgetfnlness, desert plain of, 220,
221.
Four states of the soul, 307, 308.
— stages of the Sufi, 348. Fourteenth century in Germany,
500. Fourth Gospel, 372, 384, 451, 521,
— use of Logos in, 404.
— ideal son in, 409.
— nse of Monogene's, 411, 413.
— whence the author got the idea
of the Logos, 414.
— in touch with Greek and Judaeo-
Alexandrine ideas, 415.
— Greek thought and words in
first chapter, 415, 416.
— opposed by the Alogoi, 453.
— attributed to Cerinthus, 454.
— passages from, appealed to by
Eckhart, 525. Franciscans, the, 501, 502, 503, 504,
5°5-
Fraud among ascetics, 528. Fravardin Yasht, 205. Fravashis or Manes, 145.
— or Fravardin, 205, 206.
— wider meaning of, 205.
— the genius of anything, 205. Frazlshtd, 201. Freemasons, 320.
Friends of God, 503. Fundamental principle of the histori- cal school, 2. Funeral pile, 114. rising from, 115.
GAH, the five, 43. Gaimini, 99, 306.
Gallon's combined photographs. 385. Gandharvas, 163.
Gaotama mentioned in the Fravar- din Yasht, 46. Garo-nemana, 203. Gaster, Dr., 174. Gatavedas, 192, 193. Gatha literature, age of, 45.
— belonged to Media, 45. Gathas, the, 43, 44, 46.
INDEX.
559
Gathic, the (Nasks), 44. Gayasimha, 135. Genealogical method, vi. General silence, the, of the Valen-
tinians, 396. Genii, 205. Genitive, ffviKf/, 79. German Mystics, 499, 501, 503, 506,
539- Eleatic philosophers and Ve-
dantists, 280.
their supposed heresies, 503.
their sermons, 506.
— translations of the Bible, 503. — learnt by heart, 504.
Germany, fourteenth century in, 500,
— feeling against Rome in, 503.
— popular preachers in, 506. Gerson, 462, 506.
— against divorcing philosophy and
religion, 507.
Gervasius of Tilbury, 218 ». GAallas, 163. Trfv&aicco, 36. Gill, Rev. W. W., 227.
— on the Harvey Islanders, 227.
— no trace of transmigration in
Eastern Pacific, 231. Criva, living soul, 249. Givanmukti, life-liberation, 309. Gladisch, 85. Gna., Sanskrit, 36. ftnanakanda, 95, 104. Gnostic belief in the flesh as the
source of evil, 409. Gnostics, theosophy of, in the East,
. 342- yvwais, 435.
God, natural religion the foundation of our belief in, 4.
— special revelation needed for a
belief in, 5.
— and the soul, 90, 91, 92, 362.
— throne of, 141.
— of the Vedantists, 320.
— Mohammed's idea of, 347.
— and man, how the Jews drew to-
gether the bonds between, 417.
— sufficient for Himself, 41 7.
God, made man, St. Augustine on,
4.21- t
— vision of, 424.
— and evil, 486.
— those who thirst after, 488.
— love of, 489, 490.
— and the soul identical, 497.
— in three Persons, 513, 520.
— outside Nature, 513, 515.
— in all things, 513.
— as always speaking or begetting
the Word, 520.
— approach to, 524.
— oneness with, 533.
— want of reverence for, 534.
— many meanings of, 534.
— and man, relation of, 535. Godhead, struggle for higher con- ception of the, 237, 244.
— expressed in the Vedas, 237. in the Upanishads, 238.
— predicates of the, 402. Godly and God-like, 481.
Gods, belief in, almost universal,
59-
— procession of the, 212.
— residing in animals, 231.
— and men come from the same
source, 364.
— the, St. Clement on, 472.
— St. Augustine on, 472.
— path of the, 115, 117, 118, 121,
148, 159, 169, 277, 308.
faith in, given up, 283.
Good birth, the good attain a, 156.
Thought Paradise, 197.
Word Paradise, 197.
Deed Paradise, 198.
— Plato's, 393.
— and evil, distinctions between,
532.
Goodness, acts of, 162.
Gore's Bampfon Lectures, 25 n.
Gospel of St. John, 342.
Gospels, the four, end of second century, 454.
Gotama, 206.
Grammar, certain processes of, uni- versal, 59.
560
INDEX.
Greece, our philosophy comes from, 66, 67.
— and India, difference between,
330.
Greek philosophy, its influence on Christian theology, x.
— prayer, 13.
— works lost, 33.
— and Indian thought, early sepa-
ration of, 65.
— and Roman religions, historical
background for the, 72.
— and Vedic Deities, 74.
— philosophy, a native production,
77, 80-84.
— — was it borrowed from the
East? 80. sources of, 85.
— mysteries, 328.
— and Jewish thought, blending of,
407, 414.
three points gained by,
421.
— and Jewish converts, 421. Greeks borrowed names of gods from
Egypt, 58.
— and Erahmans, coincidences be-
tween, 64.
— of Homer's time, 74. Gregory the Great, 434, 465.
— of Nyssa, 434, 468.
— of Nazianzen, 434, 468. Grinim, 73, 174 n. Gruppe, 88.
Guardian angels, Ahurarnazda's
discourse on, 205-207. Gubarra, 14. Guhyakas, 163.
Gulshen Ras on Christianity, 343. Guyon, Mad. de, 462.
HADHA-MATHRIC,the (Nasks),
44- Hadhdkht Nask, 43.
— on the soul after death, 195. Hafiz, songs of, 349, 350, 353. Haidas on the immortality of the
soul, 222, 325.
Haidas, resemblance to Persian
ideas, 222.
Hajiabad, inscriptions of, 37. Halah and Habori, 48. Hale, Horatio, 383. Hall, Fitz-Edward, 317 ». Hamaspathmaeda, 207. Haoma, 65.
Haritas and Charites, 61, 76. Harnack, xv, 95 n., 436 »., 438 n.,
441 n., 442 n., 449 n., 451 n.
— on Origen's view of the Third
Person, 452. Harrison, Rev. C., on the Charlotte
Islands, 222. Harvey Islanders, Rev. W. W. Gill
on the, 227, 231. Hassan Basri, 341. Hatch, Dr., 371 n., 416 n., 418 n. Haug, 18 n., 37 n., 42, 44 n., 45, 46,
47. 51. 55. lSl »•• l84> J85> 205, 226 n., 240.
— his wrong translation of Ahura'a
name, 55.
Haurvatac?, 49, 186. Heaven in Samoa, 228. — in Mangaia, 228, 229.
— in Raratonga, 228.
— in Aitutaku, 228.
— in Tahiti, 228.
— in the Society Islands, 228.
— and men united, 365 /;. Hebrew borrowed little from Baby- lon or Persia, 368.
— prophets and the Divine Word,
404.
— race, Dionysius on, 468. Hebrews, Apocryphal Gospel of, 441. Hegel, 102.
— on Christianity as unhistorical,
448.
Hegelian method misleading, vi. Heimarmene", destiny, 390. Heimdall, the watchman, 169. Helios, sun, 29. Hell, not known in the Rig-veda,
1 66.
— known in the Atharva-ved»,
167.
INDEX.
561
Hell in tHe Brahma»as, 167. Hells, absence of, in the Upanishads,
158-
— the Zoroastrian, 198, 199.
— of Plato, 216. Henoch, 376.
Henosis or oneness of the individual with the Supreme Soul, 274, 426, 481,482, 504.
Henotheism of the Veda, 48.
Hephaistos, 80.
Heraclitus, 85, 380, 384, 397, 410, 430.
— his Logos, 389, 390, 391.
— his use of HeimarmenS, 390.
— his view of Fire, 390.
— his Logos is rule, 390.
— his Kara \6yov, 391. Herakles, 63, 534. Heredity, 389. Hermippos, 38, 39, 45.
— Pliny on, 38.
— his analysis of Zoroaster's books,
83-
Herodotos, 45, 81. Hesiod, 469. Hesperia, 64. Hestia, 212.
Hetywanlana, Hell, 224, 225. ' He who above all gods is the only
God,' 49. Hierarchies of Proclus and Diony-
sius the Areopagite, 164, 165. Hierarchy, celestial, of Dionysius,
475-
— the earthly, 477. Hieronymus, 434.
High Priest's clothes, 408. Highest Being, 268.
— Self and the individual soul, 273,
274. 276» 308.
— Soul, 274.
— Being and the soul identical, 279.
— Atman, 291.
different stages in the belief
in, 291. Hilarius, 434.
Hilduin, Abbot of St. Denis, 466. Hillebrandt, 115 »., 138 n., 147 ».
(4)
Hillel and the Jewish religion, 9. Hindu prayer, modern, 21. Hirawyagarbha, 130, 151. Historical method, v.
— school, fundamental principle of
the, 2.
— documents for studying the origin
of religion, 27.
— contact between India and Persia,
66.
— school, 522.
History, divine drama of, vi.
— of the world, constant ascent in
the, 2.
— of religion the true philosophy of
religion, 3.
Holenrnerian theory, 280. Holy Ghost, Vohuman a parallel to,
57-
St. Clement's view, 440, 443.
as the Mother of Christ, 441.
special work of, 441, 442,
443- . at the baptism of Christ, 442,
443- bond between the Father and
the Son, 513. Homer, 365 n.
Homoiosis or Henosis, 161, 481. Homoousioi, 517. 6par6i, 361. Hotar or atharvan, 65. Hottentot idea of the moon, 148. Houris, none among the Jews,
200. Hugo of St. Victor, 488, 493, 494.
— on knowledge, 493.
— on vision, 497.
— rich in poetical illustration, 497.
498. Human and Divine, gulf between,
92. Human nature twofold, 418.
— becoming divine, 456.
— souls migrating into animal
bodies, 217, 225.
— — moral grounds of this belief,
217, 218. Humboldt, 73.
Oo
562
INDEX.
Humility, St. Bernard's twelve de- grees of, 490.
Huxley and the Gergesenes, 25. Hyios tou theou, x. Hyle, matter of the Stoics, 397.
— of Philo, 400. Hypatia, 373, 429. Hypostaseis, Father and Son as, 442.
I AM that I Am, 49, 53.
found in the Elohistic section,
53-
— — never alluded to again in Old
Testament, 53. interpolated from a Zoroas-
trian source, 53, 55.
what I Am, 55.
what thott art, 2 78.
He, Jellal eddin on, 363.
Iceland and Norway, 62. Ideal man, the, 440. Idealistic philosophy, 292. Ideas, eternal, 104.
— of Plato, 205, 387, 389, 392, 469,
518.
our heredity, 389.
our species, 392.
are the changeless world, 518.
protested against by the Stoics,
518. taken up by the Neo-Platon-
ists, 518.
— of Philo, 401. Ignatius, 454.
Ignorant commentators on Eastern
religions, 180. Illusion, theory of, held by Sankara,
3I7-
Ilya, the tree, 121, 122. Images, ancient sages think in, 141. Immortality of the soul, 158. never doubted in the Upani-
shads, 210.
among the Haidas, 222.
Polynesians on, 226.
among the Jews, 233.
the Buddhists, 233.
— belief in, very general, 231. — Vedants doctrine on, 234.
Immortality, need not be asserted,
424. Incarnation and the Logos, xii.
— the, 439.
— reticence of St. Clement on,
444-
India, fragmentary character of the Sacred Books of, 33.
— and Persia, relation between the
religions of, 65, 179.
— rich philosophical literature in,
66.
— influence of religion and philo-
sophy in, 68. - — conquest of, a sad story, 70.
— dreamers of, 71.
— and Greece, difference between,
33°-
— St. Matthew's Gospel in, 436. Indian and Persian thought long
connected, 65.
— and Greek thought, early separa-
tion of, 65.
— philosophy, independent charac-
ter of, 66, 67, 79. a native production, 77, 80,
85, 86. peculiar character of, 101.
— view of life, 68.
— Aryas, 67.
their language ours, 71.
— philosopher in Athens, 83. sees Sokrates, 84.
— Greek, Roman religions full
of common Aryan ideas, 85, 86.
— and Greek thought, parallelism
between, 212, 215.
— music, 282.
— Pandits, 369.
— ascetics, 528.
Individual soul, true nature of,
269. and the Highest Self, 373,
274. 275» 2/9-
and Brahman, 275.
different from the Highest
Self, 276.
— — Rumanupa'g teaching, 315.
INDEX.
563
Individual soul, Sankara's teaching,
3i6. Indra, 50, 121, 122, 130, 133, 186,
235, 346, 250, 251, 253, 260.
— as demon, 182.
— Supreme God, 259.
— as Andra in the Avesta, 182. Indriyas, 305.
Infinite, perception of, shared by all
religions, vii. — Eleatic view of the, 93.
— in nature, 89, 105, 535.
— in man, 89, 105, 535.
— one, 311, 534.
— writer in the Christian Register
on the, 361 7i.
— of Anaximander, 400.
— how can we know the? 432.
— perception of the, 480.
' In Him we live and move,' &c.,
94-
Innocent II, 492. Inspiration or Sniti, 103.
— the idea of, 103.
— literal, 543.
Intellect, language the outer form
of the, 61. Interdict of fourteenth century, 500,
501.
Interpretation, difficulties of, 123. Invisible things, reality of, 154. Ipse, 249. Irenaeus, 434. Isaac, 376. Isis, veiled, 327. 'Islam, no monachism in,' 338. Islam, will of Allah, 347. Isocrates, 84. tsvara, the Lord, 295, 306, 316, 320,
324-
— is Brahman, 312, 316. Italian and Latin, 72. Izads, the thirty, 43. Izesban, sacrifices, 240. Izz eddln Mutaddesl, 344.
JACOB'S dream, Philo on, 414. Jacolliot, 81. Jamblichua, 446.
J&mi's Salaman and Absad, extract
from, 358. Jasher, book of, 34. Jayadeva, 354. Jehovah, 51, 52, 408, 414, 447.
— Psalmist's words on, 50.
— and ehyeh, Heb., 53.
— of Philo, 400.
Jellal eddin Ruml, 344, 345.
on the true Sufis, 346.
extracts from his Mesnevi,
355- on the Sun as image of Deity,
356.
on the soul, 357.
on self-deceit, 357.
on ' I am He,' 363.
Jesus of Nazareth, influence of His
personality, xiii, xiv.
as perfect, 439.
as the ideal man, 440.
Jewish religion, God far removed
from man, ix.
— influence on the Zoroastrians, 48.
— doctors at the Sassanian court,
173 n.
Jews, influence of Persian ideas on, 200.
— did not believe in Houris, 200.
— effect of the dispersion of, 374.
— and Christians ashamed of their
Bible, 375.
— borrowed very few religious terms
from the East, 368.
— enlightened, honoured at Alex-
andria, 408. Jones, SirW., on Sufiism, 339, 353.
— translations of Snfi poets, 354
et seq.
Jowett, 393 71., 394 ». Judaism and Buddhism, 233.
Deity in, 364.
Jugglers, Indian, 303. Julian, the Emperor, 429. Junaid, 344. Jupiter, Aristides on, II.
— limited, 235.
— as Son of God or Logos, 433,
423.
O O 3
564
INDEX.
Jupiter, Plotinus on, 423. Justin Martyr against anthropomor- phic expressions, 372, 454.
KAABA, the, 340. Kaegi, I39». Kaklkat, 348. JTakshushi, 121, 124. Kalpa, 315.
— to kalpa, 295. ITandala, 156.
Kant, on knowledge, 321.
— anticipated by the Vedantists,
321-322. Kant's philosophy, 3.
— Critique of Pure Season, 5. .Karanas, 163. Karmakawtfa, 95, 104. Karman or Apurva, 306, 307. Kathari, 504.
— became ketzer, 504. KaOapois, 481, 482.
Kaupat, name for the Milky Way,
170.
Kaushitaka, 130. Kaushltaki-Upanishad, 120, 159,
278.
Kaye, meaning of spirit, 461 n. Kepler, 384. Ketzer, 504. .KMndogya-Upanishad, 118, 119,
120, 125, 132.
— dialogue on the unseen in man,
155-
— dialoguefrom,ontheSelf,2e;o-256.
— not belonging to the earliest Vedic
literature, 259.
— not later than Plato, 259.
— deductions from, 259, 260.
— dialogue from, 285-290. Kliosroes, 41.
A'indvar bridge, 202. A'invai bridge, 194.
— or judgment bridge, ^94.
— identified with the Atman, Self,
in the Upaniahads, 195.
— how made, 195.
— in Persia, 168, 172.
— soul after passing the, 203.
JEinval bridge, crossing from earth
to heaven, 539.
Kirjath-sepher, city of letters, 33. Kit, perceiving, 94.
— Brahman as, 293.
— meaning of, 293, 294.
— and a&it, 315. Zfitra, 1 20. Kittel, 53.
Klamaths, the Logos among the, xi, 383.
— their idea of creation, 383, 389. Klemm, 75.
Knowledge, Greek love of, 85.
— depends on two authorities, 102.
— blessedness acquired by, 148-
151-
— no return for those souls who
have true, 149.
— true, 160, 161.
— or faith better than good works,
in the Upanishads, 190.
— better than good deeds, 204.
— not love of God, 291.
— absence of, an objective power to
the Hindu, 320.
— sixrequirementsforattaining,326.
— three instruments of, 419.
— three degrees of, 431.
— more certain than faith, 493. Kohut, Dr., 187, 200, 201. Konrad of Marburg, 504. Kocr/xos VOTJTOS, 407, 513.
— iStwv, 402. Kramamukti, 308.
Krantor, quoted by Proclus, 8a.
Kn'shnagupta, 135.
Kronos, 64 n.
Kshathravairya, 186.
Kshatriyas, 156.
Kuenen, 9 n., 28 n., 53, 465 ».
Kuhn, 73, 171.
LACTANTIUS, 535. Laity in the fifth century, 479. Language, the outward form of the intellect, 6l.
— common background of philo-
Bophy, 71.
INDEX.
565
Language, help derived by philo- sophy from, 77.
— eternal, 103. Lassen, 46 n.
Law, the (Nasks), 44.
Laws of Manu, or of the Milnavua, 161.
Lectures, plan of these, 541.
Legenda Aurea, bridge in the, 175.
Legendary traditions of Christ re- jected by the Greeks, 519.
— used as allegories by Eckhart,
520.
Lethe, the river, 221. Leverrier, 86. Lewy, Dr. H., on deriving Greek
from Hebrew, 63, 63 n. Liebrecht, notes to Gervasius, 1 75 n.,
3i8n. Life, Indian view of, 68, 69.
— modern view of, 68.
Light, deities representing, 134,
135-
Lightning and the moon, 115 n.
Literary documents, 30.
Literature, written, a modern inven- tion, 30.
Locke, 1 02.
Logau, quotation from, 3.
Logoi, 406, 412, 457, 469.
— of the Stoics, 397, 398, 473.
— are the angels of Philo, 401, 413,
473-
— conceived as one, 473. as many, 473.
— spoken of as Aeons by the Gnos-
tics, 473. Logos, 342, 373, 376, 378, 380-381,
4", 447. 45°. 5J3, 5J8.
— doctrine of, exclusively Aryan, x.
— and the Incarnation, xii.
— the Zoroastrian, parallel to, 57.
— meaning of, 380.
— faint antecedents of, in Old
Testament, 381.
— of Philo, purely Greek, 381.
— history of, 381-384.
— among the Klamaths, 383.
— 'thinking and willing,' 383.
Logos, historical antecedents of the
384-
— word and thought, 385.
— of God, 387.
— of Heraclitus, 389.
— connecting the first Cause and the
phenomenal world, 391.
— and Nous, 391.
— the, as a bridge between God and
the world, 401, 414.
— a predicate of the Godhead, 402.
— as the Son of God, 403.
— of Greek extraction, 403.
— only begotten or unique sonv
404.
— in Fourth Gospel, 404.
— theological use of, from Palestine,
404.
— roots of, 405.
— stronger than the Sophia, 407.
— as the high priest, 407.
— known to the Jews of Christ's
time, 408.
— the idea of all ideas, 412.
— recognised by Philo in the patri-
archs, 413.
— realised in the noumenal and phe-
nomenal worlds, 413.
— and Logos Monogenes historical
facts, 415.
— and the powers, 417.
— used for creation, 41 7.
— becoming man, 421.
— Athanasius on, 421.
— historical interpretation, 432.
— of St. Clement, 437.
— of Athenagoras, 437.
— head of the logoi, 437.
— identified with Jesus, 438.
— manifested in man from the begin-
ning, 439, 457-
— and the pneuma, 444.
— of Origen, 450, 451.
— as Redeemer, 452.
— aMthes of Celsus, 452.
— doctrine of, identified with St. _ John, 454.
— intervening between the Divine
Essence and matter, 455.
566
INDEX,
Logos, a connecting link, not a divid- ing screen, 455.
— later a wall of partition, 456.
— in the Latin Church, 458-
460.
— no Latin word with the full mean-
ing of, 459-461.
— Zeno's definition, 460.
— development in East and West,
454-461.
— the bond between the human
soul and God, 455.
— recognised in Christ, 455.
— view of the early Apologetes,
455-.
— the incarnation of thought,
521.
— re-established by the Neo-Pla-
tonists, 521.
— Christianity built upon, 521.
— history of, traced back, 523.
— Monogenls, 523.
— prophorikcSs and endia'thetos,
242.
— GiTfpHaTiKos, 384. Loka, 133, 135.
Longfellow's translation from Logau,
3-
Lord's Supper, 482. Lorinser, 85. Lost books, 33. Lotze, xv. Louis I, 465.
Love, child of poverty and plenty, 432.
— earthly, as a type of love to God,
351,352-
— of God, 445, 489, 490, 505. wanting in the Vedanta-
sutras, 291.
four stages of, 490.
Lower Brahman, return of the soul
to, 114. Lucretius, xi. Ludwig, 121 n. Luther, 510.
— on the Theologia G«rmanica,
510. Lykurgus, travels of, 83.
MACARIUS,and themysteries^S 3. Macrobius, 145. Maghavat, 253, 255. Magi came from Media, 44, 44 n. Mababharata, quoted, on love to others, 9.
— Setus or bridges of the, 167. Mahatmas, 327.
Maiden, good works as a beautiful, 199, 202, 209.
— influence of this idea on Moham-
medanism, 199. Makhir, god of dreams, 1 6. Mallas, 163. Man, to think, 79, 98. Man, infinite in, 105.
— essence of, 304.
— Philo's view of, 409.
— a manifestation of the Logos, 439. Manas, mind, 79, 249, 305. ManasaA, or amanavaA, 115 n., 134. Manasl, the beloved, 121, 124. Mangaian heaven, 228, 229. Manhood, perfect, as realised in the
ideal son, 409. Manl, 40, 41. Manichaeism, 40, 41, 370. Mantras, independent statements in
the, 137. not in harmony with the Upa-
nishads, 137. Manu, laws of, transmigration in the,
161.
— age of these laws, 161.
— minute details of transmigration,
162.
— nine classes of transmigration,
163.
— punishments of the wicked, 165.
— nine classes of, 215. Marcus Aurelius quoted, 10. Marut, Mars, storinwind, 29. Matarisvan, 234.
Mat6, Matu, 14.
Matter, created by God, 455.
Mavra. or Mavriza, the Milky Way,
170. Maximius on the writings of Diony-
siug the Areopagite, 463.
INDEX.
567
Maximus Tyrius, 470.
— on Daimones, 470.
Miya or Nescience, 303, 316, 318- 321.
Mazda, 18, 19, 172.
Mazdaism, 41.
Media, birthplace of Zoroaster's re- ligion, 44 n.
Melikertes, 63.
Melissus, 330.
ftf/jiova, memini, 79.
Memory, powers of, 31.
Men clogged by the body, 475.
l*.fvos, 79.
' Mere man,' 536.
Merodach, 14, 16.
Mesnevi, the, 346, 354.
— second only to the Koran, 347.
— extract from, 355. Messiah, the, 408, 408 ».
— recognised in Jesus, 438.
— and the Logos, 519.
both realised in Christ, 519.
Metempsychosis, 81, 82, 151.
— belief in, 77, 153.
— not connected with Animism,
153-
— of ethical origin, 153, 154, 156.
— belief in, in Plato and the Upani-
shads, 214-215. Michael, the Stammerer, 465. Migne's edition of Dionysius the
Areopagite, 467. Migration of souls, 335. Milky Way, 145, 170, 177.
and Pythagoras, 145.
Orion and Canis, 146.
names for, 170.
Mills, :8n.
' Mills of God,' 3.
Milman on the intermediate agency
between God and creation, 401 .
— on Dionysius, 476. Mlmamsa'-sutras, 98.
— Purva and Uttara, 98, 99. Mind, the breath of God, 419, 420. Minokhired, weighing of the dead
in, aoi. Minos, 64 n.
Minucius Felix, 373. Mira, not miracula, 25. Miracles, 24, 25.
— physical, 543.
Miru, or Muru, mistress of the nether world, 229, 230, 230*1.
Mithra, Vedic Mitra, 182, 194, 202, 206.
Mitra, 182.
Modern date of Sacred Books, 30.
Mohammedan prayer, 2 1 .
— conquest of Persia, 41.
— poetry, half-erotic, half-mystic,
35°-
Mohammed's idea of God, 347. Moira, 389. Molinos, 462. Money, Phoenician and Egyptian
love of, 85. Monism in India and Greece, 370.
— of Origen, 450. Monogenes, x, 366, 410.
— of Plato, 394.
— the only-begotten, 409.
— in Pannenides, 410.
— Supreme Being, 410.
— in the Timaeus, 410.
— as used by Valentinus, 411.
— applied to the visible word, 4!!
— used in Old Testament, 411.
— in Book of Wisdom, 41 1 . Monotheism of the Avesta, 48.
— the original, of the Zoroastrians
replaced by Dualism, 186.
— no trace of this in the Veda,
187.
Montanists, 453. Moon questions the soul, 120, 121.
— soul in the, 146, 147, 150.
— source of life, 147, 148, 149.
— waxing and waning of, 147, 148.
— among Hottentots, 148.
— souls leaving, 158.
More's, Henry, verses on the soul, 276.
— and the Holenmerian theory, 280.
— quoted, 324, 541.
— on the T/teologia Germanica,
568
INDEX.
Moses and the Shepherd, 23.
— Jews at the time of, 70.
— use of name as author, 365 n. Mother-of-pearl and silver, 298.
— or nurse of all things, 402. Mrt'tyu, 79.
fj.vrjms, 481.
Muir,' Dr., derivation of brahman,
241.
Mukhyaprana, 305. Miiller, Friedrich, 37 n. Munrfaka-Upanishad, 1 20.
— soul after death in, 1 24. Muspel, sons of, 169. (ivarcu. or Mysteries among the Neo-Platon-
ists, 428, 429.
— and magic, 429.
— meaning nothing mysterious, 481.
— denied by Clement, 482.
— Macarius on, 482.
— of Dionysius, 482.
Mystic Christianity, 462, 499, 505.
— likeness to Vedantism, 526.
— oneness with God, 533.
— philosophy, 284.
— religion, 91.
— objections to, 526.
excessive asceticism, 526.
— theology, 482, 483.
— Tholuck's definition of a, 484-
485-.
— objections to, 487.
— union, 479.
five stages of, 480.
— taught by the Neo-Platonists,
480. Mystical theology of the Sufis and
Yogis, 353. Mysticism and Christian mysticism,
484.
— of Eckhart, 511. Mystics, German, 297. Mythological studies, Aryan founda- tion of, 74-
— language misunderstood, 141.
NA^IKETAS, 223. Nutnan, name, 79.
Namarupa, 286. Naonhaithya, 186. Naraka, hell, 167. Narasamsa, Nairyasanha, l8a. Nasatyau, 182 n. Nasks, the, 41-46.
— collected in eighth and end of
ninth centuries, 41, 42.
— three only complete, 42.
— imperfect in the time of Vologesis
I» 39-
— division in the very early, 42.
— those now held sacred, 43.
— three classes of, 44. Natos, 163.
Nature, infinite in, 105.
Natural religion, vii, 88,89,496, 539.
— the foundation of our belief in
Go.l, 4.
— St. Paul's regard for, 536. Natural revelation, 7.
traced in the Veda, 8.
Neander, xv.
Nehemiah Nilakan Neo-Platonism, spread of, in the _ East, 342, 359.
— in its pagan form in Proclus,
462. Neo-Platonists, 372, 380.
— and the wisdom of the East, 82.
— and their trust in sentiment and
ecstasy, 425-427.
— and Stoics, 425-427.
— their visions, 426.
— belief in a Primal Being, 427.
— soul as image of the eternal Nous,
427.
— mystery among, 428.
— claimed revelation, 428.
— universal religion, 428.
— their mischievous influence, 429. Nescience, 268, 272, 274, 284, 310,
321, 525-
— divides the individual and the
supreme soul, 272.
— or Avidya, the cause of pheno-
menal semblance, 273.
— can be removed by Sruti only,
293-
INDEX.
569
Nestorius, 443.
Newman, his definition of real reli- gion, go, 336.
New Testament, reference to lost books, 34, 35.
— language easy, 1 79. Nibelunge, German of the, 511. Nicaea, council of, 373, 374, 462. Nicholas I, Pope, 466. Niedner, xv.
Nine classes of transmigration, 163.
of Manu, 163, 164, 215, 221.
of Plato, 164, 215, 221.
Niobe, 64 n. Nirukta, 172. Nirvana, 308.
— of the Vedantist, 309, 310. Nizistd, 201.
Noah, 376.
North- AmericanlndianSjtheir belief
in a bridge between this world
and the next, 168. Noumenal world, 270.
— how did it become phenomenal,
270.
— Indian Vedantist view, 271. Nous, or mind, 389, 411, 420.
— of Anaxagoras, 391.
— dxp^/xa, 391.
— the eternal, 427.
Number, conception of universal,
59-
Numenius, pupil of Philo, 144, 425, 425 n.
— trinity of, 440.
Numerals, some savages with none beyond four, 380.
— borrowed from their neighbours,
380. Nyayish, the five, 43.
"OAE, 248. Odysseus, 220. olSa, 79.
' Old One on High,' 387. Old Testament, writing mentioned in, 32.
reference to lost books in, 34.
names allegorised by Philo, 3 7 6.
Old Testament, faint antecedents of
the Logos in, 381.
teaching on the soul, 418, 420.
leaves a gulf between God and
man, 467.
— and New Testament, language
adopted in translating certain
passages of the Sacred Books of
the East, 57. Olen, 64 n. Om, 118.
Omar ibn el Faridh, 344. ov of Parmenides, 334. One Being, the, and the human
soul, 483. Oneness of God and the soul, viii,
530, 534-
— of God, in the Avesta and Old
Testament, 48.
— of the human and divine natures,
443-
— of the objective and subjective
Deity, 447.
— how it can be restored, 530. Only begotten Son, 413.
— a Greek thought and used as
such, 413. Oppert, 35 n. Oriental and Occidental philosophy,
striking coincidences between,
85.
— such coincidences welcome, 86.
— influences on earlv Christianity,
366.
idea now given up, 367.
Origen, xiii, 372, 384,424,446,448,
454. 458> 463-
— did not accept physical impossi-
bilities as miracles, 376.
— his dependence on the Scriptures,
449-
— on religion for the many, 449, 453.
— his view of miracles, 450.
— great object of his teaching, 450.
— Christian doctrine, the perfection
of Greek philosophy, 450.
— Monism of, 450.
— on the Logos, 450.
— Divinity of Christ, 451.
570
INDEX.
Origen, angels or rational beings of,
45I.469-47I-
— on the Third Person, 452.
— accepted the Trinity, 452.
— on souls as fallen, 452.
— his honesty, 457, 458.
— angels, &c., of, 473.
— denounced in the Middle Ages,
488.
— on doctrines for the few, 481. Origin of species, 386, 518.
— Plato's ideas, 386. Orion, 64 n.
— Milky Way and Canis, 146. Ormazd, 36, 181.
— Yasht, 54.
an enumeration of the names
of Ahura, 54.
— and Drukh, 183.
— council of, 1 86.
— angels, qualities of, 185. Oromasos, 45.
Orphics, the, 85.
Orthodox, 422.
Ouranos, 410.
'Our Father,' Christ never speaks
of, 538. Ousia, 513, 5 1 7.
— Father and Son sharing the same,
442.
— and hypostasis, difference be-
tween, 459. ovffia, 78. ovaia 6\fVf*(pr)s, 280.
1'lDA, 98.
Pahlav, parthav, 36, 37. Pan/caratrikas, 276. Pantaenus, xiii, 436, 451.
— found St. Matthew's Gospel in
India, 436. Pantheism, 270, 514, 515.
— and St. Paul, 94. Pantheistic heresies of fourteenth
century, 503. Papal infallibility, 543. Papias, xiv.
Paradise, 203.
Paradises of Good-Thonght, Good- Word, and Good-Deed,i97,i98. ParaA paravataA, 1 1 6, 116 n. irapa.K\T)TOS, 416.
I'aram and Aparam Brahman, 316. Paramatman, the Highest Self, 314. Pariwama, 298. Parinama-vada, 317, 318. Parliament in Japan, 381. Parmenides, 330, 333, 410.
— like the later Upanishads, 333.
— his idea of the One Being, 333,
334-
— darkness and light, 334.
— and the migration of souls, 335. Parsis, revelation or holy question,
55-
— and the summer solstice, 145. Parthians, 37.
— not Zoroastrians, 40.
Path of the Gods, 115, 117, 118, 121, 125, 148, 159, 169, 170, 277, 308.
Fathers, 117, 125,148, 169,
277, 308.
— faith in, given up, 283. Pathaka, Mr., 99 n.
Paul and Barnabas quoted, 6L Pazend, 37.
Peer, simile of the, 299. Pehlevi, or Pahlavi, 36.
— first traces of, 37.
— coins, 46.
— literature, beginning of, 46. Pelasgians borrowed the names of
their gods from Egypt, 8 1 . Penance, 530.
— shows earnestness, 531. People, the, and the priesthood, 501-
506.
Persepolis, palace of, burnt by Alex- ander, 39.
Persia, loss of the sacred literature
of, 35-
— sacred books of, known to Greeks
and Romans, 38. — destroyed by Alexander, 38.
collected under Viatasp, 38.
preserved by Darai, 38.
INDEX.
571
Persia, Mohammedan conquest of , 4 1 . Persian and Indian thought long connected, 65.
— influence on Sufiism, 342.
— inobeds, 369.
' Person, not a man,' 115, 115 n.,
134. 135-
— follows after the lightning, 1 35,
136.
Personal gods of the ancients, 235. Personality of Jesus, influence of
the, xiv.
— of the soul, 310.
— a limitation of the Godhead, 235,
236.
Personification, 153. Pfeifler, edition of Eckhart, 507. Phaedrus, myth of the chariot, 211-
214.
Phenicians and Greeks, 62, 63. Phenomenal and real, 269.
— and noumenal world, 270.
— world, (S'aiikara's, 319.
Philo, xii, 145 n., 366, 368, 370,
371. 374, 375 «•» 3?8, 384. _ 402 n., 450, 463.
— influence of his works, xv, xvi.
— did not borrow from the East, 3 6 8 .
— his allegorical interpretations,
37°. 376, 377-
— not a Father of the Church, 371.
— a firm believer in Old Testament,
375-
— his touchstone of truth, 375.
— did not accept physical impossi-
bilities as miracles, 376.
— on the Cherubim, 377.
— on the creation of Eve, 379.
— his language and concepts Greek,
380.
— on the Logos, 382.
— his inheritance, 399.
— his life, 400.
— his philosophy, 400.
— his Jehovah, 400.
— his Hyle, 400.
— ideas of, 401.
— welcomes the theory of the Logos,
401.
Philo, mythological phraseology of, 403,412,413.
— steeped in Jewish thought, 404.
— did not identify the Logos with
the Messiah, 408 n.
— his distinct teaching about the
Logos, 409.
— his view of man, 409.
— use of Monogenes, 411, 413.
— recognises the Logos in the
patriarchs, 413, 439.
— on Jacob's dream, 414.
— his knowledge of various tech-
nical terms, 416.
— indistinct on the soul and God,
418.
— his psychology, 418, 419, 420.
— on the senses, 419.
— his use of nous, 420.
— his bridge from earth to heaven,
424.
— eschatological language of, 425.
— his stoicism, 426.
— allegorised, the, Old Testament,
429.
— the Logos as intervening between
the Divine and matter, 455.
— treatise, De Vita Contemplativat
ascribed to, 464. Philosophy of religion, 3.
— Indian, 66-68.
— language the common back-
ground of, 71, 77.
— later growth of, 77.
— begins with doubting the evi-
dence of the senses, 102.
— and religion, 294, 446, 455.
— of Philo, 370.
— of Clement, 370.
(pUJS, 416 71.

Photius, 464.
Phraortes, from Greek Pravarti,
205. Physical impossibilities not accepted
as miracles by Philo, Clement,
or Origen, 376.
— religion, 89, 90, 106, 160,
541-
572
INDEX.
Physical Religion, importance of the
Veda for, 95. last results of, 232.
— science, wild dreams of, 388.
— teaching of Xenophanes, 332,
333-
Pindar, 210. Pisa&as, 163. Pitaras, not in Avesta, 205.
— the Vedic, 207.
— the Fathers in the Veda, Fra-
vashis in the Avesta, 204. Pitn's, 121 n.
— and the summer solstice, 145.
— or Fathers, 190, 191.
— as conceived in the Vedic Hymns,
191.
— invoked in the Vedic Hymns,
191.
Pitriyawa, the Path of the Fathers, 117, 130, 148.
— belief in, the earliest period, 150. Plato, 85, 102, 144, 244, 28771., 299,
3i8, 373, 375, 380, 384, 400, 426, 430, 521.
— uses Oromasos for Ahuramazda,
45-
— the philosopher from the He-
brews, 82.
— in Egypt, 82, 84.
— and Aristotle knew Zoroaster's
name, 83.
— in the East, 84.
— nine classes of rebirths, 164, 215.
— ideas, 104, 105, 205, 387, 389, 392,
469, 510.
— and the Upanisliads and Avesta,
similarities between, 208, 209, 213.
— his mythological language, 209.
— asserts the immortality of the
soul, 210.
— length of periods of metempsy-
chosis, 216.
— the philosophers of India, coinci-
dences between, 217, 220.
— stronger differences, 220.
— first idea of metempsychosis
purely ethical, 218.
Plato, on Xenophanes' tenets, 331.
— Philonizea, or Philo Platonizes,
371-
— Justin Martyr on, 373.
— his ideas on the origin of species,
386, 392.
— his one pattern of the world,
393-
— highest idea of the good, 393,
394-
— his Cosmos, 394.
— soul divine, 395.
— called the Attic Moses, 41 5.
— his Trinity, 440.
— on the body as opposed to the
soul, 527.
— der groze Pfaffe, 509. Platonists at Cambridge, 323.
— their likeness to the Upanishads
and Vedantists, 321. Plato's authority, 208. Play on words, 278. Pliny on Hermippos, 38, 83. Plotinus, teaching of, on the soul,
280.
— on Jupiter, 422.
— follower of Philo, 424.
— on absorption in the absolute,
427.
— his attention to Eastern religions,
428.
— and the Christian religion, 429.
— his letter to Flaccus, 430.
— and the ecstatic state, 433,
445-
— on his soul, 433. Plutarch, 38, 83, 470.
— on Daimones, 471, 472. Po, night, 228.
Poetical language of Sufiism, 349. Poetry of the Mohammedans, half- erotic, half-mystic, 350. Polycarp, 454. Polynesian converts, language of,
367; Polynesians on the immortality of
the soul, 226-231. Popular preachers in Germany,
506.
INDEX.
578
Popular religion for the unlearned,
522. Porphyrius, 144-145 n., 425 n., 429,
433-
— on the tropics, 144.
— on Origen, 450.
Potter's wheel, simile of, applied to
the free soul, 309. Powers, 475. Practical religion for the many,
449-
Pra 241, 247, 250, 251, 272.
— his first lesson on Self, the reflec-
tion, 252, 262.
— his second lesson, dreams, 254,
263.
— his third lesson, dreamless sleep,
255. 263.
— his last lesson, the true Self, 256,
264.
— on the Highest Self, 267.
— & later deity, 259.
— his teaching to Indra, 261. Pra^na, knowledge, 123, 124. Pramadadasa Mitra and the simile
of the peer, 299. Pramawas, two, 102. Prawa, breath, for the godhead,
237-
— spirit, 245, 247, 248. Pratika, 295.
Pratyaksha, sensuous perception,
102, 293.
Pravartin, Sk., 205. Prayer, as petition, unknown to the
Buddhists, 12.
— known to the Confucians, 12.
— Greek, 13.
— Egyptian, 13.
— Accadian, 14.
— Babylonian, 1 5.
— Vedic, 16, 17.
— Avestic, 1 8.
— Zoroastrian, 19. •
— Chinese, 20.
— Mohammedan, 21.
— Modern Hindu, 21. Prayers, ancient, 12.
Predicates of the Godhead, 402.
Prepositions, 78.
Primal cause, 388.
Prime mover of Aristotle, 395.
Principalities, 475.
Proclus, hierarchies of, 164, 165.
— on the Mystse, 428.
— his connection with the mediaeval
mystics, 429, 430.
— and Neo-Platonism, 462.
— or Proculus, studied by Eckhart,
5°9-
Prophets and the Divine Spirit, 420 TrpoiTo-yoj'os, 415. Prototokos, x.
Psalmist's view of Jehovah, 50. ^"X>7. 237. Psychic, 91. Psychological Mythology, 75.
— Religion, 91.
— meaning of, 91.
importance of the Vedanta for,
95-
the gist of, 1 06.
— Religion or Theosophy, 541. Pulotu, or Purotu, the Samoan
heaven, 228. Punishment of the wicked in the
Avesta, 203. little about, in the Upani-
shads, 203. Purgatory among the Jews, 200.
— called Hamistakan in the Avesta,
226.
Purusha, 244, 246, 247, 252. Purusho manasaA, 115 n., 116 n. Purva Mimamsa, 98, 99, 306. ascribed to Badarayawa, 99,
I OX.
Purvapakshin, 265. Pushan, 138. Pythagoras and his studies in Egypt,
82, 84.
— whence his belief in metempsy-
chosis, 85, 152.
— and the Milky Way, 145. Pythagoreans, 77-
— schools of the, 328.
— different classes, 328.
574
INDEX.
QUIETISM, 493.
RA, the sun-god, 237, 329. Rabia, the earliest Sufi, 340-341,
343-
Rabbis, their teaching on man's good and evil works, 200.
— — on Paradise, and twelve
months' purgatory, 200.
— — in advance of the Old
Testament, 201. Radamanthys, 64 n. Ra^anya, warrior-caste, 247. Rahu, 1 20. Rainbow, 169, 170, 177.
— same as the Devayana, 171.
— five colours of, 171.
Rain and seed as illustration of
God's work, 307. Rakshasas, 163. Ramanu^a, 273, 313, 315, 316.
— commentary by, 100, IOT, 107,
108, 113.
— holds the theory of evolution,
108, 298, 317.
— Brahman of, 108.
— represents an earlier period of
Upanishad-doctrine, 113.
— on the soul after death, 114.
— and (Saiikara, their differences,
3I4-3I9-
— his teaching about Brahman,
3*5. 3i7-
— — and about the individual soul,
315.
Ramatlrtha, ill. Rammohun Roy, his faith, 375. Raratongan heaven, 228, 229. Rashiiu, 202, 206.
— weighs the dead, 202. Reality, two kinds of, to the Vetlan-
tist, 320. Reason, xi, 378, 447.
— and the flaming sword, 378.
— whose is it? 387.
— spirit, and appetite as forming
the soul, 418.
— the supreme power to Philo,
421.
Reason, chief subject of Stoic
thought, 426. Relationship due to common
humanity, 59. common language, 6l.
— really historical, 62.
— of mere neighbourhood, 62. Relative pronoun, 78. Religio, 535.
Religion, philosophy of, v.
— historical documents for studying
the origin of, 27.
— and mythology, common Aryan,
72. _
— constituent elements of, 87.
— system of relations between man
and God, 336.
— Disraeli on, 336.
— a bridge between the visible and
invisible, 361.
— and philosophy, 446, 455.
— object of true, 449.
— must open a return of the soul to
God, 474.
— Physical, Anthropological, and
Psychological, 541.
— the bridge between the Finite
and the Infinite, 538.
— Principal Caird's definition of,
542-
Religions, comparative study of, raises our faith in Christianity, 24.
— advantage of this study, 34. Religious language, 28.
of ancient India, 29.
lesson of, 29.
— thought, borrowing of, 367. Renan, 464 n.
Resurrection, fate of the soul at the, according to the Zoroas- trians, 193-195.
Re-union of the Soul with God, 535.
two ways of, 535.
— Christian expression for, 535. Revelation, natural, 7.
traced in the Veda, 8.
— or the holy question of the
Parsis, 55.
INDFA.
575
Revelation, internal and external,
485-
Reverence for God, want of, 534. ReVille, M., on the religions of
Mexico and Peru, 86. Rewards and punishments after
death, 195.
— — Zarathush tra questions Ahura-
iiia/.d:i mi, 195-199. Rhabanus Maurus, 500 n. Ribhus, genii of the Seasons, 1 2 1 n. Richard of St. Victor, 488. Rig-veda, no knowledge of hell, 166.
— nor of annihilation, 166. .Rtshis, 306.
Rising on the third night, Persian
belief in, 194 n.
day, Jewish belief in, 19472.
.Rita, Right, same as the Logos of
Heraclitus, 390.
River dividing heaven and hell, 146. Road beginning with li,fht, 127,128. Rome borrowed religious language
from Greece, 368. Roots, expressive of acts, 153.
— hence Energism, 153, Rope and snake, 298. Roth, 85.
Roth, 1 66.
— on Brahman, 241.
Russian peasant covering his Eikon,
487. Ruysbrook, 506.
SA AGA, great medicine man, 224, 225.
Sabala, 120.
Sacred books, their value, 56.
danger of using biblical lan- guage in translating the, 57.
of ancient religions, no system
in, 87.
— • — how classified, 87.
of India, fragmentary charac- ter of, 33.
— Books of the East, vi. imperfect, 27.
— — author's edition of, 30.
— — modern date of, 30.
Sacred Books of the East, wisdom
of, 143. native interpreters often
wrong, 143.
Sacrifice, the origin of religion, 88. Sacy, De, Sylvestre, 337. Sadhyas, 164. Sady, 346.
Said and Mohammed, poem on, 348. Sakha, meaning of, 34. Sala Samanyioi or Buddhists, 46 n.
— mentioned by Clement of Alex-
andria, 46 n.
Sawisara, course of the world, 277. Samyagdarsana or complete insight,
293, 3°2.
234, 241. Saiikara, 113, 1 16 n.
— the best exponent of the Vedanta,
"3-
— on the soul after death, 114.
— and Schopenhauer, 281.
— and Natural Religion, 311.
— his school, 313.
— a Monist, 314.
— and Ramanuya, their differences,
314-319.
— his teaching about Brahman, 3 15,
Si?-
— holds the theory of illusion, 317.
— points of resemblance with Ra-
manugra, 318.
— his fearless arguments, 319.
— his phenomenal world, 319. (Sankara's commentary on the Dia- logue on Self, 261.
— difficulties, 262, 265-268.
— considers the Atmun always the
same, 272. £ankara£arya, 99«., 100, 107, ill.
— commentary by, 99, 101.
— holds the theory of nescience, 108.
— his view of Brahman, 108. Sanskrit, lost books in, 33.
— words in China, 368. Sarama, the dogs of, 190. Saranyu = Erinnyg, 73.
576
INDEX.
Sarpedon, 64 n. S&TV&, 182 n. Sarvara = Kerberos, 73. Sassanians, 40.
— revive Zoroastrianism, 40. Sat, being, 94, 96, 335. Sattya, 279.
Sattyam, Sattya, 278, 279. Satyabhedavada and Bhedabheda-
vada, 275, 276. Saurva, 186. Schein and Sein, 167 n. Schelling, xv. Schiller,' Die Weltgeschichte ist das
Weltgericht/ I. Schlegel, 365 n. Schmidt, Carl, 531. Scholastic theology, 483, 499. Schoolmen, the, 505.
— true spiritual Christianity in their
teaching, 525. Schopenhauer and Sankara, 281.
— on Eckhart, 511.
Science, a, can be studied apart from its history, 3, 4.
— of Thought, 521. Scotus Erigena, 297, 514.
translates the works of Diony-
sius the Areopagite, 465, 466,
474- Seasons, brothers of the Moon, 1 2 1 ».
— genii of the, 1 2 1 n. Selene, moon, 29.
Self, the, 96, 105, 160, 239, 250, 251, 262, 272, 447.
— the All in All, 93.
— not different from Brahman, 106.
— dialogue on, 250-256.
— to be worshipped and served, 253.
— the Highest, the Divine Self,
261, 268, 316, 325.
— means the individual, 266.
— Sankara's view, 267.
— the^living, never dies, 288.
— or Atman, 301.
— asserts its independence, 304.
— is really Brahman, 304, 305.
— the true, 316, 524.
deceit, Jellal eddln on, 357.
Self, the true bridge between the soul and God, 539.
— -knowledge of the Brahmans, 93. Semitic and Aryan religions, coinci- dences in, 62.
— and Greek thought, coincidences
between, 63. Senal, 344. Seneca, 509. Senses, the five, 300.
— Philo on the, 419. Seraphim, 475.
Senno, ratio, et virtus, 460.
Sermons in German, 499 n.
Seth, 376.
Setu, bridge, 169.
Setus or bridges, 167.
Seven sages, 70.
Sextus on Xenophanes, 332.
Shadow gave the first idea of soul,
259-
Shaikh, 348. Shakik, 341. Shahpuhar, 40.
— Hf 49-
— and Aturpad, their dealings with
heresy, 40, 41.
Shaplgan, treasury of, 38, 39, 40. Shechinah, 406. Shepherd, author of the, 441. Simplicius, prayer of, 1 3.
— quoted, 333 n., 334 n. Sinlessness, 532.
Sirens from Shir-chen, 63 n Sir6zeh, the, 43.
Sita, bright, from asita, dark, 1 88 n. Skambha, name of the Supreme
^ Being, 247. ffKid, 415. (Sloka period, 161. Smriti, 272.
Society Islanders' heaven, 228-231. Sokrates and the Indian philosopher, 83, 84.
— and Plato, 391.
— his belief in one God, 392.
— and ' the thought in all," 392.
— ideas of, 392. Solon in Egypt, 82.
INDEX.
577
Soroa, 50, 119, 119 »., 139, 140, 147.
— the moon, 121 n. Soma-loving Fathers, 191, 192. Son of God, xi, xii, xii n., 404.
Tertullian's definition, 461.
and humanity, onenesa and
difference of, 536.
— of man, xii.
Songs of Solomon, 350.
Sons of God, 365, 542.
Sopliia or Episteme, 402 n., 406.
croipos, 344.
Soul, 105, 447.
— return of, to God after death,
92.
— and God, 91, 92, 336.
— * early Christian view of, 94.
— Neo-Platonist view of, 94.
— to God, teaching of the Upani-
shads on the relation of the,
"3-
— Vedanta theories on the, 113.
— its return to the* Lower Brahman,
114.
— in the worlds of Brahman, n6.
— questioned by the moon, 1 20, 1 2 1 .
— in the moon, 146, 747.
— eaten by the Devas, 146, 147.
— return of, to earth as rain, 154,
155-
— clear concept of, in the Upani-
shads, 154.
— passing into grain, &c., 155, 156.
— good attain a good birth, 156.
— bad, become animals, 156.
— dangers of, when it has fallen as
rain, 157.
— unconscious in its descent, 157.
— immortality of the, 158.
— moral government in the fate of
the, 158.
— in the Avesta, immortality of,
190
— path of, in the Vedic Hymns, 1 90.
— fate of, at the general resurrec-
tion, 193.
— and body, strife between, in the
Talmud, 201.
(4) Pp
Soul, arrival of, before Bahman and Ahuramazda, 203, 278.
— after passing the A'iuvaf bridge,
203.
— tale of the, 210.
— immortality of, asserted by Plato,
210, 211.
— names for the, 248.
— • has many meanings, 249.
— who or what has a, 257.
— first conception of, from shadow,
259-
— first idea of, arose from dreams,
259.
— true relation of, to Brahman, 265.
— Veclantist view, 271.
— true nature of the individual, 269.
— individual and supreme, 272.
— not a created thing, 275.
— Henry More's verses on, 276.
— Plotinus on, 280.
— nature of, and its relation to the
Divine Being, 280.
— and Brahman, identity of, 282,
283, 284.
— different states of the, 307, 308.
— personality of, 310.
— the individual, 312.
— in its true essence is God, 323.
— and God in Sulism, 337, 338,
339. 347> 363-
— in Vedantism, 338.
— Jellal eddin on, 357.
— individual and God, 362.
— return from the visible to the
invisible world, 362.
— of the Stoics, 398.
— universal, 399.
— Philo indistinct on its relation to
God, 418.
— its wider meaning to Philo, 418.
— its threefold division, 418.
— its sevenfold division, 419.
— perishable and imperishable parts
419.
— Old Testament teaching on, 41 8
420.
— as coining from and returning to
God, 423, 424.
578
INDEX.
Soul, influenced by matter, 427.
— the beautiful in the, 432.
— of God and eternal, 45 1 .
— every fallen, 452.
— and the One Being, 483.
— Eckhart on, 515, 516.
— something uncreated in, 516.
— Divine element in the, 516.
— birth of the Son in the, 516.
— founded by Eckhart on the Di-
vine Ground, 523.
— in its created form separated
from God, 523.
— its relation to God according to
Eckhart, 524.
— oneness with God, 534.
— and the metaphor of the sun's
rays, 540.
— after death, journey of the, 113
et seq. passages from the Upani-
shads, 114 et seq. met by one of the faithful,
115 n., 116 n.
wanderings of, 143.
three stages in the Upani-
shads, 150.
first stage, 150.
second stage, 150.
third stage, 151.
Zoroastrian teaching on,
193.
Plato s views, 208, 209.
— silence of Buddha on, 233.
all other religions on, 233.
Souls, weighing of, 167.
— leaving the moon, 159.
— in the world of the gods, 159.
— before the throne of Brahmac,
160.
— of the wicked, fate of, 1 98.
— revisiting earth among the Hai-
das, 224.
— ethical idea, 335.
— of ' those who die on a pillow,'
228, 229 n.
— scintillations of God, 276.
•-• receiving bodies according to their deeds, 301.
Soul's inseparateness from Brahman, 126.
— journey more simple in the Avesta
than in the Upanishads, 204. Sparks and fire, 275. Special revelation needed for a belief
in God, 5. Species, eTSos, 386, 388.
— evolution of, 387.
— the ideas of Plato, 392. Speculations on Brahman, later, 278. Speculative school, 530.
Speech, universal, 59.
Spenser, odes of, 353.
Spenta Armaiti, 206.
Spent6 mainyu, the beneficent spirit, 183, 184.
became a name of Ahura-
mazda, 185.
ffirtpiMLTiKoi, 398.
a
Sphere, concept of the perfect, 388.
Spiegel, 46 n., 48 n.
•Spinoza, 102.
SpiritWorld, names for, among Poly- nesians, 228.
Spirit, as Word, .Reason, and Power, 461.
Spiritism, 153.
Spiritus, Tertullian's use of, 461.
Spitama Zarathushtra, 205.
Sprenger, 344 n.
Sraddadhau, credidi, 79.
Sraddha, 204.
Sraddhas, 191.
Sr6sh, 201, 202.
Sruti, or inspiration, 102, 104, 137, 141, 268, 272.
— is the Veda, 104.
— difficulties created by, 137.
— Brahman as are, 141.
— only removes nescience, 293. St. Augustine, 457, 462, 472, 505,
509.
— on God made man, 323, 421,
444, 456.
— a Neo-Platonist, 429.
— on the speaking of God, 521. St. Basil, 462.
INDEX.
579
St. Basil, his distinction between
Krjpvyna-ra and SoffMra, 481. St. Bernard, 345, 457, 462, 486-488,
494. 505-
— on the Christian life, 489.
— his Ecstasis, 490.
— his twelve degrees of humility,
490.
— resembles the Vedantists and
Neo-Platonists, 491.
— his position in the Church and
State, 492.
— and Abelard, 492.
— his theology and life, 492.
— and the Crusades, 492. St. Chrysostom, 509.
St. Clement of Alexandria, xii, xiii, 297» 384. 433. 434. 434 »•> 463, 5I7-
— complains of plagiarism, 371.
— superior to St. Paul, 435.
— why he became a Christian, 435.
— his Master, 436.
— his faith in the Old Testament,
436.
— his allegorical interpretation of
the New Testament, 436. - Trinity of, 436, 437, 442.
— Logos of, 437, 439, 444.
— recognised Jesus as the Logos,
438, 440.
— Holy Ghost of, 440, 442.
— • his idea of personality, 442.
— oneness of the human and divine
natures, 443, 444.
— his idea of Christ, 444.
— his teaching for babes, 445.
— his higher teaching, 445.
— knowledge or Gnosis, 445.
— resembles the Vedanta teaching
and not Sufiism, 445.
— on gods and angels, 472.
— on the celestial and earthly hier-
archies, 478 n.
— uncanonised, 454, 456, 488.
— on the believer, 456. St. Cyril, 463.
St. Denis, and Dionysius the Areo- pagite, 465.
St. Jerome on new words, 460. St. Paul and Pantheism, 94.
— a philosophical apologete of Chris-
tianity, 435. St. Theresa, 462. St. Victors, the two, 525. Sthulasarira, the coarse body, 296. Stoa, 384. Stobaeus, 390.
Stoical division of the Soul, 419. Stoics, 372,' 377, 380, 384, 306.
— Reason or Logos of, 397, 398,
399-
— Hyle, matter, of the, 397.
— God of the, 397.
— true Pantheists, 397.
— the Logoi of, 397, 398.
— external and internal Logos, 398.
— soul living after death, 398.
— universal soul, 398.
— and Neo-Platonists, 424-427.
— and God, 426. (Sudra caste, 247. Sudras, 163.
— can study the Vedanta, 330. Sufi, son of the season, 160.
— Fakir, Darwish, 344.
— poets, extracts from, 354-361.
— derivation of, 338, 339, 344.
— doctrines, abstract ofj 339.
— Rabia the earliest, 340.
— terms derived from Christianity,
343-
— four stages of the, 348. Sufiism, its origin, 337.
— not genealogically descended from
Vedantism, 337.
— soul and God in, 337.
— Tholuck on, 338.
— Mahommeclan in origin, 338.
— treatises on, 348.
— Persian influence on, 342.
— its connection with early Chris-
tianity, 342, 343.
— the founder of, 343.
— poetical language of, 349.
— morality of, 354.
— may almost be called Christian,
359-
580
INDEX.
Sufiism, Christianity and the Ve- danta-philosophy, coincidences between, 366.
Sufis, the, 338, 539.
— their belief, 339.
— traces of Platonism among the,
342-
— wrote both in Persian and Arabic,
344-
— their asceticism, 345.
— their saint-like lives, 345.
— Jellal eddln on the true, 346.
— little theosophic philosophy
among, 346.
— mystical theology of, 353.
— appeal to Jesus, 360. Sukshmasarira, the subtle (astral ?)
body, 296.
— Theosophists and, 305. Summer Solstice, 145.
— the ayana of the Pitn's, 145, 146.
among the Parsis, 145.
Sun, Jellal eddin on, 356.
— and its rays, metaphor of the,
539> 54°- Suparnas, 163. Supernatural religion, vii. Supreme Being, 239, 241, 273, 447.
— one, in the Vedas, 50.
— Xenophanes on, 50.
— in the Avesta, 50.
of both Jews and Greeks
separated from man, 379. or Monogenes, 410-412.
— above Jupiter, 423. Supreme Soul, 272.
Suras, how the word was formed, 187.
— connected with svar, 188. Suso, 506.
— his penances, 531. Sutra, 97.
— style, 97, 127, 130, 132, 133,
134, 136-
Sutras, alone almost unintelligible, 127.
— laws of Manu existed first as,
161.
— and their commentaries, 370.
Svargaloka, 159, 171. Svarga-world, 120. Svayambhu, 248.
Svetaketu and his father, 285-390. Syama, 120. Synesius, Bishop, 373. Synod of Antioch, 412. — of Trier, 503. , 524.
TAHITIAN heaven, 228.
— faith, 231.
Talmud and Christian doctrines, 9, 10.
— no bridge to another life in the,
1.74-
— strife between soul and body, 201. Tangiia, iron-wood tree for souls,
230.
Tartarus, 217.
Tat tvam asi, 105, 279, 285, 291. Tauler, 457, 487, 506, 536.
— his sermons, 506.
— borrowed from Eckhart, 506.
— stillness and silence taught by,
529-
— discouraged extreme penance,
529-
— led an active life, 529.
— on confession, 530.
— on visions, 531.
— on sinlessness, 533. Telang, Mr., 99 n.
Temple, Dr., on the personality of
God, 235. Tertullian, 434, 460.
— his Latin equivalents for Logos,
460.
— on the Son of God, 461.
— his use of spiritus, 461. 7} rov OVTOS Ota, 214. Thales, 80, 85.
That and thou, identity of the, 106. Theodore of Mopsuestia, 443. Theodorus, 464.
Theoloijia Germanica, 510, 510 n. -- Henry More on, 511. Theologos, name for St. John, 453 n. Theology, 87.
INDEX.
581
Theology, lessons of comparative, 178.
— mystic and scholastic, 483. Theopompos, 45.
Theos, 447.
0f6s and 6 dtus, 456, 459. Otwffis, 481, 482, 482 n. Theosophic, 91.
— philosophy of the Vedantist, not
of the Sufis, 346. Theosophy, 91, 92, 106, 541.
— true meaning of, xvi.
— in Christianity, 446.
— highest lesson of, 539. Therapeutai, the, 464. Thibaut, 99, 100, 275 ».
— on Raman u 'Thinking and willing,' 383. Third or evil road, 130.
— Person of the Trinity, 441.
probably a Jewish idea, 441.
Origen's view, 452.
Tholuck, 463, 467.
— on Sufiism, 338.
— on mysticism, 484.
Thomas Aquinas, v, 297, 462, 466, 474, 494. 499. 5°9> 512- 5*4. 525-
follows and depends on
Dionysius, 484, 495.
on faith and knowledge, 494.
not a true mystic, 494.
likeness to, not oneness with
God, 495.
free from theological pre- judice, 496.
knowledge of God, 496.
intellectual vision, 497.
on creation, 514.
Thorns, 174 n.
' Thou art that,' 268, 284.
Thought of God, 412.
Thoughts and words, unbroken chain of, 522.
Three qualities, the, 162.
— Fates, Er before the, 219. Thrones, 475.
Tilak, B. G., the antiquity of the Vedas, 145.
Tin-tir, lord of, 14. Todas, bridge to another life among the, 173.
— heaven and hell, 1 74. TO (v Kal TO ov, 237.
TO ov, 78, 268, 278, 331, 334, 410,
447, 468. TO ovrtas ov, 379. Translation from Vedanta-sutras,
127 et seq. Transmigration in the Laws of
Manu, 161.
— nine classes of, 163.
— no trace of, in Eastern Pacific,
231.
Trier, Synod of, 503. Trimurti, 241, 243. Trinity of St. Clement, 436.
— of Plato, 440.
— of Numenius, 440.
— of Origen, 452. Tropics of Porphyrius, 144.
— as gates for the soul, 145. True, the (Satyam), 213.
— coming back to the, 288. Truth, not served by assertions, 7.
— universality of, 51.
— underlying myth, 222.
— touchstone of, 375. Tundalas, poem of, 170.
Two gates, or two mouths, 144.
primeval principles, 184.
present even in Ahuramazda,
184, 185. Tylor, 75. Types, whence they arise ? 387,
389-
— Huxley's idea of, 387, 388.
UNCERTAINTIES in most an- cient texts, in.
Unicus, not unigenitus, 411.
Union, not absorption, 290.
Union with God, Dionysius on, 478, 479, 480.
— mystic, 479.
five stages of, 480.
Universal Self, 160.
— Soul, 310.
582
INDEX.
Unknowable, the, of Agnostics,
105. Unknown, Absolute Being, 236,
237-
Unmindfulness, river of, 220, 221. Unseen in man, dialogue on the,
155- Upadhis, 271, 293, 296, 303, 305.
— what they are, 305.
— caused by nescience, 305. Upanishad doctrine, an early and
late growth of, 1 1 3. Upanishads, 77, 79, 80, 94, 95, 101, 104, 105, 107, 108, 224, 234,
24°. 37°. 539-
— are fragments, 96.
— different accounts of the be-
ginning in the, 96.
— revealed, 97.
— difficult to translate, 109.
— texts very obscure, no.
— author's translation of, 1 10.
— on the relation of the soul to
God, 113.
different statements on this in
the, 113.
— on the soul after death, 114 et
seq.
— historical progress in the,
125.
— attempt to harmonise the differ-
ent statements in the, 127.
— not in harmony with the Mantras,
137-
— no attempt to harmonise them
with the teaching of the Vedas, 141.
— three stages of thought as to the
soul, 150.
— mythological language inter-
preted, 142.
— on the return of souls to earth,
'54-
— belief in invisible things in the,
154-
— knowledge or faith better than
good works in, 190.
— a later development than the
Vedic Hymns, 193.
Upanishads, struggle for a higher idea of the Godhead, 238.
— the Supreme Being in, 239.
— some passaged early in, 291.
— evolution in, 297.
— equivocal passages in, 312.
— strange to us, 322, 323.
— germs of Buddhism in, 325.
— their doctrine called Rahasya,
secret, 329.
— study of, restricted, 329.
— the psychological problem always
uppermost, 335.
— study of, a help to reading Eck-
hart, 511.
Upis in Artemis Upis, 64 ». Urd, well of, 169. Utkranti, exodus of the soul, 309. Uttara Mimanzsa, 98, 99.
VAGASANEYAKA, 132.
Vagrasaneyins, 133.
Vahram, 201.
Vai, 201.
Vaimanika deities, 163.
Vaisya-caste, 247.
Vaisyas, 156.
Vaitaranl, the river, 170.
Vafc, 79.
Valentinians, the, 396.
Valkhas, or Vologesis I, 39.
— preserved the Avesta and Zend,
39-
Varstmansar Nask, 56.
Varuwa, 16, 17, 121, 130, 133, 181.
— not Ouranos, 73-
— above the lightning, 132, 135,
136.
— Ahuramazda, a development of,
183. Vaughan, Hours with the Mystics,
498 n. Vayu, air, wind, m, 130, 131, 132,
135.247. Veda, poets of, and Zoroaster left no
written works, 31.
— from vid, 35.
— and Vedanta, 95.
— olSa, 79.
INDEX.
583
Veda, important for Physical and Psychological Religion, 95.
— superhuman, 103.
— knowledge, or language, 103.
— is £ruti, 104.
— a book with seven seals, 112.
— historical growth of, 142.
— struggle for higher idea of the
Godhead in, 237.
— the Supreme Being in, 239, 240.
— study of, restricted, 330.
— and Avesta, close connection of
languages of, 180.
— -names shared in common, 182.
— common background of, 203. Vedanta, 95, 290, 539.
— literature, three periods of, 101. • — schools, two, 107, 113, 114.
— theories on the soul, 113, 126,
362,363-
— founded on 5ruti, 141.
— doctrine on Immortality, 234.
— as a philosophical system, 282.
— still a religion, 324.
— moral character of, 325.
— safeguards against licence, 326.
— soul and God in, 336.
— imparts highest knowledge, 293.
— philosophy, 66, 77, 102, 104,
105, 107, 108.
on the Self, 106.
fundamental principle of, 284,
292. differs from mystic philosophy,
284.
creation in the, 296.
rich in similes, 324.
no restriction on the study of,
329- .
Sufiism and Christianity, coin- cidences between, 366, 459.
— its growth, 369, 370. Vedanta-sutras, 97, 98, IOI, 107,
108, 234, 290, 313.
number of, 98.
names of, 98.
— — translations of, 114 n., 126.
•• tran slation of first Sutra of third Chap, of fourth Book, 127 e.tstq.
Vedanta-sutras, love of God want- ing in, 291.
short summary of, 317.
Vedantism, is it the origin of Sufi- ism 1 337.
— likeness to mystic Christianity,
526.
Vedantist, a, on identity after death, 258.
— on the Dialogue with Pragripati,
261.
— on the individual soul, 271.
— admits no difference between
cause and effect, 303. Vedantists, Eleatic philosophers and German Mystics, 280.
— personal God of the, 320.
— two kinds of reality to the, 320.
— Creator of the, 320.
— attain the same end as Kant, 321.
— on union with Brahman in this
life, 533. Vedic prayers, 1 6, 17.
— Hymns, path of the soul in, 190. invocation of the Fathers in,
191.
— poets and philosophers advanced
beyond their old faith common with the Zoroastrians, 189.
— Sanskrit difficult, 179.
— deities, some occur as demons in
the Avesta, 189. Vendidad and Mani, 41.
— or Vinclad, 42, 43.
— Sadah, 43.
— age of, 46.
— bridge of .STinvaf in the, 172.
— God and the Devil in the, 185. Verbal copula, 77.
Verbum, vHdh, word, 242.
Vergottung and Vergdtterung, 482 n.
Vesta, 36.
Vibhu, hall of Brahman, 121, 122.
Vid, to know, 35.
Vigrara river, 121, 122, 124.
— means ageless, 142, 170, 221. Vi£akshawa, throne, 121, 123, 124.
— the feet and sides of, 123. Viro/cana, 250, 251, 253, 260.
584
INDEX.
Virtues, 475.
Vishnu, 140.
Visions of ascetics, 528, 531.
Vispered, the, 43.
— age of the, 46.
Vi*tasp, sacred books of Zoroaster
collected under, 38. Visvakarman, 247. Vivarta, 298. Vivarta-vada, 317. Vizaresha, the fiend, 172, 194. Vohumano, good thought, 44, 49,
56, 186, 203.
— a parallel to the Holy Ghost, 57. Vorstelluug, 385.
Vn'dh, 242.
Vritrahan, Veda •« Verethraghna,
Avesta, 182. Vyasa-sutras, 98.
WACKERNAGEL and Weinhold,
504 n. Waitz, 75. Waldensians, 503. Wassiljew, 32 n. Water the beginning of all things,
80, 85. Waxing and waning of the moon,
147, 148.
Weber, 9971., 166, 167 n. Weighing of souls, 167.
— of the dead in the Minokhired,
201.
— by Rashnu, 202. Weisse, xv. Wellhausen, 53. Weltgeschichte, ist das Weltgericht,
I. West, Dr., 42, 47, 55 n.
— his translation of the Dlnkard,
47, 56- Westcott. 204, 210 n., 212 n.
— on the Logos of the Fourth
Gospel, 414.
— story of Dionysius the Areopa-
gite, 463.
— on the fifth century, 478. West-Ostlicher Divan, 337.
' What thou art, that am I,' 160.
Whinfield on translations of Greek books into Arabic, 342.
— translations from the Mesnevl,
355-
Wicked, punishments of, in Manu, 165.
— cannot find the path of the Fathers
or Gods, 171.
— burnt by flames, 171, 172.
— fate of, after death, 198, 199. Widow-burning, appeal to lost books,
33-
Wife of God, 402. Wilford, 81.
Will, surrender of our, 542. Wisdom, the Semitic not the same
as the Logos, xi.
— of God, 402, 406.
— personification of, 405.
— or Sophia, 406.
— of the Proverbs, 406.
— as the Father, 407. Word, 242.
— as Brahman, 242, 243.
— or Logos, 302, 381.
— not mere sound but thought, 381,
385-
— and thought inseparable, 384.
— of God, 404, 405, 412.
— of the Father, 513.
— has lost its meaning, 521. Words and thoughts, common Aryan
stock of, 72.
Works, blessedness acquired by, 148. return to earth, 148.
— are exhausted, 150.
World of Agni,Vayu, &c., 121, 133.
— connected with loka, 133, 135.
— as word and thought, 242.
— is Brahman, 299.
— the intelligible as the Logos,
407.
— and all in it, the true Son,
417.
— = places of enjoyment, 133.
— -spirit of Plato, 440.
— -wide truths, 10, n. Writing, 110 word for, in Veda or
Avesta, 31.
INDEX.
585
Writing known in some books of the Old Testament, 32.
XENOPHANES on one God, 59.
— on the Supreme Being, 235,
237-
— Plato and Cicero on, 331.
— likeness of his teaching to the
Upanishads, 330, 331, 332, 333.
— Sextus on, 332.
— physical philosophy of, 332.
YAMA, 190, 192, 234.
— realm of, 137, 140.
— first of mortals, 138.
— the moon, not the sun, 138 ».
— near the setting sun, 1 39.
— tormentor of the wicked, 166.
— path of, 169.
— and Varuwa, 190.
— on the fate of the wicked, 217,
218.
— in the world of the Fathers, 227,
228.
Yamaloka, 146. Yashts, the, 43.
— age of, 46. Yasna, the, 43.
— the old and later, 46. Year, from, to the wind, 130. Yeshftha, moments, 121, 123. Yoga-sutras, 327.
Yogins, 327. Yogis, the, 353.
ZAOTAR, hotar, 65. Zarathushtra, 36, 206.
— author of the Gatlias, 44.
— secession of, from the Vedic Devas,
;82.
— his monotheism, 183.
— tried to solve the problem of the
existence of evil, 1 84.
— questioned by one of the de-
parted, 198.
Zarathushtra's account of Ahura Mazda, 51.
— talk with Ahura Mazda, 54, 55.
— followers abjuring their faith in
the Devas, 188.
a real historic event, 188, 189.
Zaramaya, oil of, 198, 221.
Zeller, Die Philoxopkie der
Griechen, Si, 82, 83, 84, 107 n.,
280 n., 335. Zend Avesta, erroneous name, 35, 36.
— translated into Greek, 39.
— preserved by Vologeses I, 39. — language, 43.
Zeno, 330.
— on the Logos, 460. Zeus, 105, 212, 447.
— deus, bright, 29.
— or Jupiter, lesson of, 29.
— and Dyaus, 73.
— wrong derivation from ffiv, 73.
— of Xenophanes, 330, 331.
a personal deity, 331.
Cicero on, 331.
— of Aristotle, 395. Zimmer, 139 n.
Zoroaster, analysis of his books by Hermippus, 83.
— teaches neither Fire-worship nor
Dualism, 180.
— and the Vedic Rishis, religions
of, 181.
— name known to Plato and Ari-
stotle, 83. Zoroastrian prayer, 19.
— religion, loss of many books, 56.
— idea of a spiritual and material
creation, 56, 57.
— parallel to the Logos, 57.
— Mazdayaznian, 188. Zoroastrianism revived by the Sas-
sanians, 40.
Zoroastrians in some points more simple than the Vedic philoso- phers, 189.
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Hymn to the Storm-Gods. Rig- Veda I, 168, in the ' Etudes arche'ologiques de'die'es ' a Mr. le dr. C. Leemans. Leide, 1885.
Goethe and Carlyle. An Inaugural Address at the English Goethe Society. 1 886.
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Gilford Lectures delivered before the University of Glasgow, 1888-1892.
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