Book IIII

tney are delivered, to open a vein to women in child-bed, if they have the Quinfey or a Pleurefy, and by giving them a pedoral potion, to ripen the fiegme.
Alfo about Women with child, if at any time they are infc&cd with an acute difeafe, great confideration muft be had, leaft the woman or the child fhould be endangered. If there be neceflity to i. j.Aph.4* open a vein or purge, Irefolve to do it, as Hippocrates bids us, from the fourth Moneth, untill the feventh Moneth, and that in the upper parts of her Arms, but by no means about the peer. Thighs, Ankles, or Infteps, to which not fo much as cupping glaflcs muft be fet, leaft there {hould be danger of abortion. Alio to young men infeded with the Plague, or taken with an acute difeafe, I foon apply fafe remedies, and Ido all I can to defend the heart, the fountain of life, and to drive the difeafe from the principal parts.
Moreover in thefe tender bodies the forces muft be carefully maintained, and the difeafe muft be vanquifhed. For it is ill Phyfick where nature fuffers any Ioffe. Wherefore Ier the Phyfitian either do good , orelfe let him do no harm, but let him ftudy by Art to profit all he can 5 and this he fhall well do, if he do all by right reafon, and rules of Art*
CHAP. XXVI.
Of the skin or feather covering of the Vulture , that is of great force in ftrengthening the Ventricle , and in getting of a ftomach 9 \ome- thing more efjeftual than gingery whofe nature is here fet down alfo >t bat every man hath not ohferved *
I *!; 1 * * « M I1 1 ■* t €• ' , / f* y
Since there are many things that laid on outwardly will ftrengthen the ftomach, and help concoction, nothing is bet- ihtVultm! ter or more prefent than a Vultures skin pulled off, being dref- fed and fitted as other skins are 5 This Bird like the Kite is very greedy , and will eat exceedingly , that the Dutch call this from its defire of Carrion, andTjeeaufe it is alwaies hun¬ gry, and hunting after its prey, Ghier , from the nature where¬ of, they call covetous people, and fi^ch as are never fatisfied* ghier ich , that is Vulture-like. But fince the nature of this bird is luch, that it greedily feeks after all things, and con- fumes all without any hurt to it, the skin of it is of that force, that it will corroborate mans ftomach > and will ftrengthen a weak digeftion, to defire and concoCt the meat, and it will ftop fluxes of the belly and vomiting, but applyed to the fto~ snach the contrary way. For I know this by experience, that if one take of the skin of this Bird, and let the fame be dref-
Chap. 26,
Of the skin of the Vulture . 3 ! 3
fed by the Skinners Art handfomely, and fitted, if i.t be Jaid to a feeble ftomach, or belly, itwillftopthe flux of ic, and help the flipperinefte of the Inteftines, efpecially if it be lb applyed, that the feathers maybe downwards; as we ufe in Garments thacarehcldup, to ftroke the skins with rhe hayre, with our hands. For it comforts and cherifheth one by its warmth and heat, and by its attrition, it corroborates the faculties of natu¬ ral forces, wherewith nutriments ufe to be attra&ed, retained conco&ed, and expelled j alfo it effects that the three nervous tunic les of the ftomach, and fo many fibres, the right ones, as ' Galen will have it, whofe office is to attraft, the oblique, that have the retentive faculty, the tranfverfe that thruft all things out,lhall do their offices.
But that skin applyed the contrary way, with the feathers pointing upwards, and looking aloft, will flay vomiting, the Mufcles of the ftomach being drawn downwards, whereby it takes in, and holds the meat. And in thefekind of difeafes wherewith the upper or nether parts ufe to be affedfed, I pra&ife fomethino- nor unlike to this. For in vomiting I bid that the mouth of the Stomach lhall be annotated, ftrokmgthe hand downwards toward theNavel;but when there is a flux of the belly, to ftroke it with die hand upward from the feet ; and I ufe to do the like if the woman be fubjed to the fits of the Mother. So, as they call it, in the ftranglingot the Womb, whereby a woman feems to be choak- ed, the vapours flying upwards, I either command to open a Vein about her Ankles, or cupping glafles to be faftened to her Hips, and I am carefull that all things may be carryed down¬ wards, either by calling in a Clyfter, or by putting up fuppofito- ries into the Fundament , as they ordinarily call them. But in rhcfalling out of the Womb, where all things are carried dovymvards, as if the frame of the body were diflolved , 1 bid bind.. the upper parts with Ligaments, fet Cupping glafles to the Breads, or to open a Vein in the Arms to make revulfion the contrary way.
Alfo in the afte&s now mentioned things may be given inward¬ ly, according asthedifeafe requires. So for a flaggy naufeating ftomach, or where one cannot well eat his meat, or, when he hath eaten, can hardly digeft it, befides good ftrong heating; Wines, as Sack, and Wine of Crete, the fucculenc root of Ginger, candyed with Sugar, the Dutch call it Groen G ingiber ghee 0/3 ft , is an Efe6isofGm‘ excellent remedy to help concoction, and difeufles winds affd crudities contra&ed from fiegmatique humours. Wherefore it clears the dark fight , that proceeds from grofle humours that arife from the ftomach to the head. I preferibe this to fomc ' people in their mears and fawces, efpecially to fuch that have moyft watry ftomachs.
Toothers who by drinking too much Ale or Beer, have a pain or heavinefle in their ftomach, and break wind upwards often,!
Vv bi(f
. — —
3 H
■—
not a min thir¬
ty.
Ginger makes not a map tbirfty.
i>ia Jicmeat timepieces ot it with a little laic, for it can (carfe be faid how much this will break wind, and eafe the pains. This root indeed at firft tafte,bums and bites the tongue, but it caufeth no thirft, but by drawing the fpittle and watry humour from all parts, as fcom the Head, Throat, Stomach, it keeps the Tongue tnoyft, and allwaics wet, and thence it is that no thirftor drinefle is found in the mouth. Wherefore the Dutch to their great commodity do ftrengchen their ftomachs by uling this root.
/
'The end of the fecret Miracles of
filature.
a
i
■- 1
' ,
' . > i
■ ■ n 1
■IP'!-.1 - i . I'**1
“ «
f*Y }
\
I
THE
*P A 2^ /E 3\ (fE SIS, or Exhortation ,
OF
Lrtvinus Lemnius0a. Phy fitian ofZArixea, How to lead a life that fhall be moft
excellent, that fhall be fafe for the greateft or meaneft of men, and alfo very commodtous,whethcr they defire to cake care for their bodies or their minds.
CHAP. I.
We mutt chiefly lift our eye$ and minds to God, by Chrifl.
Jr.t J.i.l.) .
▼ 7*"^ 7*Hatfoever man is defitous of his own welfare, whence nimbi % / and would fain have all things go well with fcekforfrfvati- him, and wifheth that in this tranfitory life, he 0Km may ftand fate and unmoved , and firmely garded againft all dan¬ gers that may come upon him, and to which man isfubjeft every moment 5 let him look ftedfaftly upon God the greateft and bell of? all, through Chrift Jefus, and let him have his mind that flowed Godiithe forth of this moft plcntifullFountaine allwaies lifted up unto him, Fountain of all nor let him look any other way, or feck for hopes of Salvation, but &09d* let him truft, rely on God oncly, worfhip , adore and honour him, and pray unto him, in confidence of our mediatour for all things that are good. Then let him diligently examine, and confider in- Godimm-^ entively with himfelfe , how great magnificence God hath ufed ■ cenceto#*rdt towards man , with what Ornaments and guifts of Nature he hath ntAn- tendowed man, what dignity and majefty he hath beftowed upon him , into what honour and renown he hath raifed this workman¬ ship made of Earth; ^ .
V v 2
. i.
CHAP.
3 1 6
How great things God hathdonefor man. Chap. 2.3.
The form of man is twofold.
Gentf. 2-
Man is Gods U mare.
•j
2 Cor. 3*
What difiin- guifhetb man from beafls. Speech « a Jin gHlarguiftof God.
God requires
tbanltfuUneffe.
Pfu.il*
CHAP. II.
y ' . .
' - 1 v ' '* >
Hot* great things God, the maker of all things , hath done for man.
'T^He externallform of man , is ftrait , and upright, looking X towards Heaven, whereby he may learn to look with his eyes to his originall, and in refpeft ot other Creatures , isfarrmore bcautifull, comely,and artificially made, and that an internal! forme doth wondcrtullyadorne him ) becaufe fie was madeaftcr the Image and likenefie of God, that is, he reprefen ts and exprefles theeflence of his Maker, and comes next unto the nature of Hitn. Which excellent force infufed into him by God , confifts altoge- thirin his foul and mind, being taken forth from the firft example and fee ret elofet of Divinity , by which divine guift Man obtaines thus much , that having rcafon, judgement, underftanding j he is made capable of the Heavenly destine, and by the knowledge of God, he is united to him by the light of Faith, and is wholy trans¬ formed into him. But amongft other excellent prerogatives, man obtain’d this priviledgechicfiy,thatGod having made other Crea¬ tures fpeechlcfle, that is, wanting the benefit of a voice and way to exprefle their minds in words, yet Man hath the faculty of fpeech, whereby he can communicate unto others the conceits and thoughts of his heart , and which is the greateft of all , and moft plcafing to God, that he may be able thereby to magnifie his Crea¬ ture , and praife him exceedingly, whom he knows by faith. For by this meanes his Majelfy atad greatnefle of his name is not onely illuftrated, but alfo according to the capacity of mans undeman¬ ding, there is feme thanks paid unto God for his benefits received, and there isateftimony given ofour willing and ready minds, that we have toward fo bountifull a Father. Buc bccaule God wants nothing that wc enjoy , he asketh nothing f rom us, but Love and Thanktulnefle.
CHAP. III.
There is nothing more deare to God than man $ and ail things were cre¬ ated for mans ufe.
God loves man wonderfully.
B
Utin regard that God is Angularly affeded toward mankind , ath illuftrated the mind and ioul of man, with many Or¬ naments, wherein hisdivine Nature {bines forth,as alfo hath pro¬
vided him plentifully with external 1 guifts, and moft large poflefti- on of rl ings , which Nature Gods Minifter doth fend out in abun- AU things dance, and hath given him the Lieutenant-fhip and government of
madeformam ^ worjd, even to the tneaneft Coblcr, and common Artificer,
who do no leffc enjoy the great magnificence of God, and the plea- fant fpe&acle of the Univerfe , that isfo beautifull to look on, than
the
Chap.4* &reat Man's thankfullnefle fhould be unto God. 3 \
the, richeft Kings * fo that, ia this vaft Theatre of the world , he lives not as a ftranger and Forrainer , who is a ft ranger from the pofllfiion of worldly matters , but as a chief Citizen and free In¬ habitant, and chief Lord of all things contain’d in this world, for, for his ufe bendrrand lervice , all tilings were created that are in the compafie of the Heavens , or comprehended in Sea or Land. Which the Prophet David , the chiefe admirer of Gods works doth reftific in thefe words. O Lord our God, bow excellent is thy name in all the World. For thy magnificence is exalted above the H ea- vie ns ; what is man, that thou art mind full of him , or the Son of man that thou fo regarded him > Thou halt made him little lower than the Angels that thou migbtejl crown him with Glory and worfbip , thou hdfi fet him over the works of thy hands . Thou hajt put all things under his feet, pffc.
In which words he declares , how much God refpe&s man, next unto Chrift,ahd bow great reckoning God makes of man,to whom the world is made fubject and obedient, that rot oncly all things created, are ex pofed for his ufe and profit, but alio Chriftdicd for man , by whofe favour and merits the Father gives all things unto us abundantly. v
CHAP. IV.
How great Man's tkdnkfullneJJ e jhould be unto God.
■ A/. ? * *’ , * ; l
BUt this principally fhould ftirr up exceeding great love and reverence in man toward God, that when he w&s eftranged from God, and, for breaking hisCommandemcntSj caft down unto etcrnail death, our Heavenly Father by the fingular favour we Mmrtcmili* enjoy for Chrifts merits , received us into his mercy. For Chrift at,eK' taking pity of mans mifery , reconciled man to his Father, by fhed- ding his own blood, and conquering death, and breaking the yoke of the molt cruel Tyrane,to wnom man was bound and indeblcd he brought him back beyond expe&ation to his former liberty, ai)d reftored him to his Inheritance of his heavenly Kingdome; So that, as St, Paul faith , we are no longer ftrangers and Foftainers from God, but Citizens and Heirs, and friends , and of thehoufhold of God , built upon the foundation of the Apoftles and Prophets? Je- fus Chrift himfelfe being the chiefe corner ftone, by whom we have admiftion and entrance unto the Father in one Ipiric. Where¬ fore, fince every one of us is ingrafted by the help of laving dcvtrine by faith, and the walking of regeneration into Chrift , and, as St.
Paul faith , have obtain’d grace and inheritance, by therenova- Tit. fc rion of the holy fpirit that he hath powred forth upon us abundant¬ ly, it is fit, and the reftauracion of our falvarion requires it , that placing all our hope and truftupon fo magnificent a Father, and upon his Son Jefus Chrift , who hath deftroyed death and fin, we fhould fubmicour felves to him , and conform unto him our lives, wemuHapprsvt manners and cuftomcs , and with all purity of Mind, and holy ouritvtitc
and5"'1
tphef:
> ■
"> V
0
,’S'X \
r> '’\T .7
K V
3 18
what Baptifm adds to Man .
Ghap.j,^
✓
and unblameable converfation, with daily and earned prayer, we fhould procure his favour to us, and endeavour to win his love and gracious acceptance.
what Bapttfm doth.
CHAP. y.
what Baptifm adds to LMan , and what it minds him of,
BEcaufe Baptifm or facred wafbing is the firft Entrance into the Church and company of the faithfully and is the very gate and footftep, this is it that leads us to hope and confidence of Sal¬ vation. For by Faith and Repentance, that is, by detefting our former life, and by mortifying our bodies, and by renewing of ourminds, we are ingrafted into Ghrift, who hath wiped off and cleanfed us from all fpots and abolifhed all faults of our fouls, ap- plying this external Sacrament unto us, and byinfufingthe holy Ghoft into our hearts, whereby being allured of our Salvation we cry, Abba Bather, Which double and continually ingeminated invocation, isfoeffe&ual and prcfent help, that it will obtain all things from our munificent father, if fo be that a mandired his prayers, and defires, and groans unto God, for Chrift his fake. x John r. For by this Leader and Mediatour, who hath deferved favour for Jams i. US) wjth his own bloud, we obtain all things that are good fbr r us, and our prayers are never in vain and ufeicfle. For fo merci- fe&tcaiky'cbrW full a Father will never (lop his ears to their requefts, for whofe Deut. 6. fake and redemption, he gave his onely begotten Son to dye.
Levtt. 7,
'Marti. i». L«4* Io« Love towards God. '•
Love to our neighbour, ,
CHAP. VI.
Nest unto God we muft love our neighbours .
BUt fince we are chiefly to love God, to whom we owe all things, and for whofe fervice man is bound to employ all his force that is in his heart, mind, and fervice: fo alfo he muft be loving to his neighbour, that is, to man who is of the fame nature and condition with him, and muftjovehim as himfelf. So that each man muft willingly lend his help unto him, and when there is need and an opportunity offered, (which alfo it is fit we fhould feck for and take) to aflift him with Moneys and counfell.' For this is the principal fruit of our faith, and is a fincere and no coun¬ terfeit teftimony of our true Chriftian profelfion.
CHAR
Cnap. 7,8.
Children mult love their Parents .
1*9
CHAP. VII.
Math. f.
Children mfl
How great \hould be the piety of children towards their Parents;
Moreover as we owe all to Qoi, much to our country and friends, lo it is no .ftnali maccer chat we owe unco our Pa¬ rents. But what refpeft $nd honour we ought to (hew unto them, I need not (peak any more, or prefer ibe, (ince naturally every one is cneUnedco love his own, even the very heathen, as Chrift certi¬ fies ; fo that this love, chough we do our duties, deierves no com¬ mendation* but is our duty and muti be done if we will be blame- iefle. But this muiffrom our childhood be daily inculcated un¬ to every mm, that he love heartily and entirely his Parents, by wniofe- means and m-iniftery he enj he obey them in all things that equity and realon {hall dilate un- 7ems- to him, as Chrift is fa id to be fubjed to his Mother vMaryy and to Frov‘ l8‘ Jjfepb. For Piety is acceptable to God, andche fervice and obe- Lui^.n diencc we fh£w to our Parents is approved by him, which is alfo E d zo carefully commanded in the Old and New Tc (laments. That is Dew.s . * is a witty faying of Pittacm the Philofophcri Such duty as you Math, is* (fievy to your Parents, exped the fame from your children. To ^ath. 7* which, refpe^s that fpeech, of Chrirt that is more large, Such Mark, 4. ^cafure as you mete, the fame (hall orhers mcafure to you again. v For from the errour and negligence of this it commonly falls our, that, children are: Unruly and difobedient to their Parents, that when they come to years they fcorn to heat their Parents inftrufti- \ pns, and that fometimes by a deferved and juft retaliation and re¬ venge, becaufe their Parents were not obedient to their Parents before them, but were ftubbom and untoward.
ttW v
■ .KWh
*>| 1 f * * i *
CHAP. VIII.
VD
Wow every Man ought to behave himfelf toward his Mafier.
.?T ' ■ 1ft.
■mw
r, . . 4r'Si^
Afters that inftrud you, and adorb your mind with prince- wemjthonoaf: .pics of Learning, muft have as much honour fnewed untp wMhfcni ffiem, as to Parents J So Juvenal commends his Anccftors, and ^ ^ wilheth good luck to their Souls, becaufe they honoured and loved * * tficir Mafters,fo well as they did their Parents^
.f T -
V
To our Fore- fathers Souls let the Cods grant Light earth that may not prefj e, and let them Want No frag rantS a fir on , let their Spring abide ,
Who MaJterS as their Parents dignified,
SoFabm warns his Schollers, that they {hould love their Ma- Lt t 1 ^ fters as well as they do their Books, andefteem them as Parents,
• - • not
320
who ch e fly to be honoured.
not of their bodies but their minds. They are equall and it is al-
Teacbing a - moft all as one to be born, and to be taught ; for one begets the bo- domsthemind.
rally bred, bellow their time to inftrubt their children 5 or, if they wai t that help, they choofe a learned Maftcr to teach them Wif- dome and Learning; they can do no greater thing for them, or that fhall more adorn and beautify them. Fer by this way of breed-- ingchildren, their minds are not onely gifted with the moft ex¬ cellent vertues, as integrity of life,honefty,continency,meeknefie, placability, modefty, humanity, juftice, temperance, civility, but alfo wealth,dignities,and honours come unto them whether they will or no, and are freely offered unto them j for learning makes the way unto all thefe things.
CHAP. IX.
To whom chiefly among fl men, muft we give honour and reverence \
Since every Man ought to be honoured according to his digni¬ ty and honour,as Saint Paul commands, and that efpecially to oldagei and hoary heads, we are bound to give honour, and to
xmM?* that age we all haften. So by Gods command Mofes faith , Thou
TehoToHreL foalt rtfe before the hoary head, and honour the perfon of old men, Alfo
Lycurgui the Lacedemonian Law-giver decreed that this fhould be obfcrved, who would have the greamft honour given not to rich and mighty men but to old men as they were in age, and in no
Tiwbombo - part of the earth was old age more honourable 5 To this rank we jtourmufibe mu(| rcfer Magiftrates,and Confuls in Authority, and Governours
and him that is chief, by whofc Wifedome, Dignity, and Autho¬ rity the Commonwealth fubfifts in fafety,and we enjoy peace and
quietnefle. To thefe we mu If annex all that are noted for honeft ****** mer,5 and fiich as are of ripe years, or Noblemen that arefprung °e omUT" from ancient Families, and Schollers that are to be honoured for their learning.
church-men an But thofc that are Minifters, and are employed in their facred
functions, to direct nuns minds, and to correct depraved manners, are to be honoured in the fit ft place above others. So Saint Paul
pronounctth,that Prefbyters, that is,fuch that are a light to others by their grave behaviour, Wifdome that favours of old age, and
by their integrity of life, and fuch as by found doctrine, which is n. 13. the pure food of the Gofpel,feed the hungry 5 are worthy of dou-
ble honour, and all things muft be done more largely, and in a
more ample manner for them, not onely to reverence them accor¬ ding to their age, but to afford them fuch a liberal maintenance that they may live in honour, and ha vefufficient of ail things that are needfull for their families.
CHAP.
Ghap. i o. wba t good teaching doth for a Man.
321
CHAP. X.
tvhatgeod In- fimftion doth for man*
n'c mufl (earn thing* and
fpbat good teaching doth for a Man, and what kind of teaching
it muft he.
v .
IT is of much concernment to be bred as we fhould be. Where¬ fore fo loon as children are capable to Iearn3 and apt to be in- ftruded in the ftudy of Letters, they muft be taught in time libe¬ ral and ingenious Arcs. For by thefe chiefly is the nature of man fafhioned to honefty, and is cultivated with humanity. Themoft forcunate beginning of Inftrudion is taken from the framing of mens manners. Wherefore let a young man that is deftinated to be a Scholler firft learn good Manners, next to that Eloquence and grace of lpeech, which is ill conceived, as Pliny faith, without tn Efiflol, good manners. For it is better to live Honeftly than to fpeakElo- quently; though thefe two ought ft ill to go together, and never to be parted, for one is a great help to the other. Likewife we muft con fider concerning the choice and judgment of things and words, for though it be more to be deiired to know things than words, words, yet things muft be explained by fit terms and names. Alfo the precepts of life which adorn the mind, and inform the under- ftandingin piety, though they be honeft and fafe of themfeives, yet, as LaBantm and Palm fuppofed, they arc more powerful! to perfwade,; as oft as clearnefl'e of fpeech is a light to the beauty of things. For thofe things enter mens minds moft effectually, that carry their force with them, and areilluftratcd by Rhetoriquc. And though we ought not to infill: too narrowly upon words, as fomc young Schollcrs do that want the knowledge of things, yet it is belt tojoyn Eloquence and Oratory with Wifdome, left we fhould get a cuftome to fpeak obfolete,barbarous words out of ufe, which rather cloud than illuftrate the beft Orac ion. But if there be neat trim words without wifdome, and there be no grave fcntences amongftthem, Wifdome without Eloquence is more to be com¬ mended, than a vain and foolifh babbling. For, as Cicero faith, Wifdome is the foundation of Eloquence, and of other things.
Horace {peaks wittily, which fpeech all ought to pradife.'
Poets will either profit or delight , ,
Or fpeak what s good and fit , to do whats right;
Pie hath done all, that fweet with profit joyns, pye lights the Reader , and to good enc lines.
But the holy Scripture that proceeded from the Infpiration of Gods Spirit needs no humane fupplies. For that affeds our minds riot by Eloquence and curiofity of words,but by a fecret and hid¬ den force draws, and transforms the minds of men, which thing when the Apoftle Paul would have it known to the firinthians , ,
When, faith he, I firft came unto you, and preached unto you the *
X’xr Oracles
r • f
£. i.fti.'
We mufl avoid Barbarifmc .
L.z.de Orators
Art. Poetn
*
Cor. at
/
322
Thervords of the Apoftle ex¬ plained.
The f acred Scripture is not barren.
Hcb. 4.
The word of God is fiery.
Jeu x3.
Vfalm xi8. Vrov. jo*
The Prophets ypere learned .
The Sacred Scripture is not barren of Oratory. Chap, i o.
_ _ . - -- —
■ 1 ■ " 1 . —
oracles of God, 1 u fed no flattering words, or enticing fpceches of mans Wifdome 5 nor was my preaching after mans perfwafive way, but in demonftration of the fpirit, and of power, that your faith ihould not ftand in the Wifdome of men, but in the power of God * In which words he rejects not Oratory and grave words and Sentences, that he was abundantly inftru&ed with, nor doth hecaftaway the efficacy and force of perfwafion, wherewith, by allcadging flrong reafons, and appofue words, he drew the minds of men to embrace the truth * but he would (hew that profeflours of the Gofpel muft not truft to Eloquence of words, or to win mens minds by enticing fpeeches, but by the fpirit and vercue of God. Wherefore the Apoftle fpeaks Wifdome amongft fuch as are perfect, yet not the Wifdome of this world, oc of the Princes of this world, that is of Orators, which (hall be abolifhed, and the fmoaks and vapours of whofe Oratory fhall vanifh, but he fpeaks the Wifdome of God in a hidden myltery, which works more ef- fe&ually upon the minds of men, and makes deeper impreflion, than any humane learning, fet forth and adorned with the raoft Elegant words. For the word of God is cjuick and lively, as he faith, and more piercing than any two edged Sword, penetrating into mens Souls and fpirits, and dividing between the joynts and
the Marrow, and is a difeerner of the thoughts, and of the Inten¬ tions of the heart.
So God fpeaks in Jeremiah : Are not my words like to fire, and as a Hammer that breaks the Rocks. David acknowledged this, who felt the force and flames of Gods Word in his Souls Thy words are as hot as fire, and Solomon faith, Every word of god is as a fiery Buckler to all that truf in him. VVhercfore fuch as are ignorant, muft not think that the Chriftian Religion is idle and unfavoury, that replenifheth the minds of men with fo heavenly and faving venue. But, that the holy Prophets wanted no lear¬ ning, but had great skill in things and words, this may ferve for an argument to prove it, becaute every where in the Bible there are fo many excellent Parables, Tropes, Metaphors, Collations,
Figurative fpeeches, Similitudes taken from Animals and Plants, and from the whole nature of things, which is exceeding large* wherewith the Sermons of the Prophets fhine and are illuftrated, that you (ball find no fuch thing in the learning of men, nor is there any where fo great Ma jefty of words and fcntences to be ob- jfc rved, that can affeft the minds of men, and dir them up to em¬ brace fuch faving knowledge.
CHAP.
/
Chap. 1 1.
whence we muft fetch Integrity of manners.
CHAP. XI.
' , > _ . i , J . *’ 4
if hence we muff fetch Integrity of manners , and the befi
Trecepts of life,
YOu (hall faithfully learn integrity of manners and a fafe way to lead your litc by, from the decrees of Chrift, into whom we were Baptized, and to whom we have given up our names, whole do&rine doth the more effectually work upon the minds of men, and transform them,becaufe^being delivered by the infpira- tion of the divine fpirit, it hath no mixture of earthly dregs with it, or tindture of old wives fuperftitiom, which are but a ihadow and kind of counterfeit Religion, and which is the chiefeft of all, it is the mod remote from Idolatry, that is, that corrupt and perni¬ cious wordo ip that is given to any other befides the true God. Wherefore to what courfe of life foever, you addibt your felf, and whatfoeyer ftudy you take upon you, in which you think to continue aUwaies, be fure toexercife your felf in the Commande- ments of God, and in his Word, and from your youth embrace this faving knowledge. For the mind of man, intruded in Gods Word from ones infancy, and being fenced about with it as with a Bulwark, doth fubfilt and defend itlelf cheerfully and undaun¬ tedly agaihft all the monftrous defires of lull, and other vices. Hence leremias fpeaks whoiefome words. It is good for a man to bear the yoke of the Lord from hts youth. For a young man as Solomon faith, will not forfake that way in his age, that he learned in his youth. To which agrees that of Cyprian , That is not fuddenly and quickly left, that is an old cuftomc, and is grown up with u$; tor what we ufed from our infancy can hardly be fhaken of in our age.
Hence it is that from ancient cuftome, there are fo many drun¬ ken, lafeivious, wanton old mem that,as lob faith, their bones are full of the fins of their youth, that is, they are lafeivious beyond decency or diferedon that they cannot forfake their ancient fins they have ufed fo long. There are fome who when their youth- full bloud is grown cold, and the hear of their manhood is extin- guifhed, flye from the vices that age is fubjed to, and turn to lead an unblamcable and good life. So Cicero fpeaks in his Oration for Ceel'm. There were in our and our Fore-fathers memories, many excellent and moft famous men, who when the lulls of their youth were over, became moft rare men for their venues in their elder years. But as it is certain, that it hath fo hapned to fome men, who cither by the loathing of their paft life,or by Gods infpiradon, orelfeby good advice and admonition of friends, have been recal¬ led to a more found mind : yet many carryed fwiftly away by opinion have failed in their pufpoie to amend their lives, fo that delaying hath been hurtfull unto them, and the occafion of Re¬ pentance dipt away from them, before they could lay hold of a
X X 2 . * • good
The beginning of inflruclion. muft befetsH from Chrift.
Let youth beac - cuftomedtothe be [l things.
Lament, f.
Frov. z r.
hfentenceof
Cyprian,
j^ob 20. . Job’j TVQ'tdS explained*
I
iiMfl
324
whence we muft fetch integrity of Manners, Chap. I ra
r
Epbef. f • Colojf. 4*
Tbs Apo flies , place explain’d.
G dat.
Math.
Lul f. 'I*. dm fl bids US watch.
Bab- z.
HabbaVuk ex¬ plained. in that
place.
A (imilefrom watch in camps Lu\, I*.
Math. 24.
3 Th f. S. z Pet. S*
X« k- **•'
Math. if.
'Marie it.
Luk- *.
Chri (Is youth commended.
Child is the mark and ex¬ ample of out lives.
good life, by detefting their vices. Wherefore it is beft, fetting all delay afide to employ our labour to rectify our lives, and from our young years rather to accuftomc our ielvcs to what is beft, ra¬ ther than to defer the occation of it till we grow old. The Apo- ftle Paul inculcates as much, and that very often in many places, and he counfels men to walk wifely and circumfped ly in the courfe of this world, not as fools but as wile, redeeming the time becaufe the dayes are evill. In which words he warns every man, that in the race of this life they do not fuffer the opportunity of attaining falvatipn tooverflip them, but that every moment they fhould catch it as it isoffered,and that they fh uld redeem it, and hazard all things for it, left wh lift they linger and regard it not, they be deftroyed when they think not of it. Alfo Chrift in many places exhorts fuch as are fluggilh and (1 epy, to watch and to hand upon their guard, and he exhorts men by many examples, that they (hould watch for their Salvation,as valiant and experienced Soul- diers, who being placed in a ftrong Garrifoh, alwaies ftand upon their watch, and they never neglcd t lea If any man unawares fhould creak into the Fort. Habbakuk ufeth this metaphor 5 / will f and upon m) watch, or watch-Toaer , and I will fajlen my f elf on my place of defence, and I will fee what he faith unto me. He takes upon him the per fon of a watchman, who filently ob- ferves the approach and fnares of the enemies, having his whole thoughts faft^ed upon God, and relying upon him, he oppofeth himfelf againft the enemy, and Hops his way. Our Saviour brings moft evident comparifons whereby he warns every one of us of our duties, taken from the watch kept in Armies, from a thief coming ro rob in the night, from the fudden pangs of a wo¬ man in travel, from a Bridegroom who goeth to adorn his Mar¬ riage, from the fecret and uncertain coming home of a Lord or Matter of a Family, from fudden calamity and war, from famine and want coming luddenly upon men, from a figtree (hooting forth bloff mand green figs, from the day of death and laft Judg¬ ment, and many more fuch fimilitudes wherewith he gives us warning, and makes us to ftand in readintfle, and to take care of our Salvation. Chrift gives young men an excellent example how to lead their lives from the firft entring into it, who grew himfelf daily in age and Wifdome, and favour with God and men by reafon of his meeknefte,and integrity of life, and it is fit we (hould principally imitate him, and by his example make our felves approved to all of what eftate and condition foe vcr. Jefui when he was twelve years old gave a large teftimony of his good^ nefte to all cor lial men, he fpake many things feafonably and to the purpofe, being asked queftions he anfwered meekly and low¬ ly, without any (hew of pride or boafting, which are the vices ar¬ rogant and infolent young men ufe to be guilty of. I colled from hence that there is great reafon that all young people, taking exam¬ ple from Jefta fofoon as they put forth any argument of their to- wardneffe and ingenuity, (hould (hew fomething of vertue in them
to
Chap. 1 2,1 3. what Authors may be fit to learn Eloquence of fpeech.
to their Parents and other they converfe with. But lince there is need of fome leader or guide that may Ihew them the way in which they ought to walk, and what examples of life they ought to imitate. I will fhew in my difeourfe, what Arts they ought to learn, and what Patterns they ought to follow, that they may at¬ tain the chief learning, and may come up to the top of vertue, or very near unto it.
CHAP. XII.
f •.% * - • J .
What ^Authors are fit to read to learn Eloquence of fpeech and found-
nejje of ludgment , and what tyirts are principally to be learned .
1 % *
MAkefuch choice of Authors, that you may have the beft to read and imitate. For it is folly in imitation and emulation of ftudy not to follow the beft. The very lowing of Corn teacheth A/faUefrm us thus much in nature, when we choofe the beft Wheat to low P*fti*gor in the ground, and the art of grafting and inoculating teacheth as TreeSt much, for we graft the beft lciences upon Trees, and luch as are very fruitfully the fame may be obferved in Painting, Limming,
Mufick, Poetry, and Oratory, wherein the curious Scholler, will endeavour to imitate the moft cunning Mafters, in thofe profefli- ons. The Apoftle Paul will have the fame thing to be done in lytheA^fties Godlineffe and the gifts of the fpirit, that men fhould contend for rtf»emufi the beft gifts. For he that fo orders his life fhall never repent fffe^Qrtbe himfeif of his time fpent therein, as they commonly do who firft * ' enter upon a fuperftitious and vain courfe of Life, and fuch whofe fpeech is unleemly and are not accuftomed towordsthat are ufed by learned men, whomuftto their great trouble unlearn again what they have learned. And herein Italy the Nurfe oflearning, The commends and learned Greece^ feems to be worthy of much commendation, tl^^9 rccsc whofe example is followed by France and the Low Countries , in m w propounding to youth the knowledge of the beft things. For by this means it comes to paffe, that young men being furniftied with purity of words, and elegant language, do feafonably attain to the knowledge of things.
CHAP. XIII.
■
A Cenfure upon the Heathen Writers .
T Hough there are fome who do not juftly judge of things, who
fpeak againlt, and banilh prophane Authors (as they impro brace fucb perly calhhem) and would have no examples fetcht from them, either for Eloquence of fpeech, or direction of Jife., yet I think they dentin freak are not robe defpifed. For Poets, Oracours, Comedians, Tragedi¬ ans, Hiftorians are a great help to youth, to attain thereby the
know-
- 2 6 what fclp Poets bring to ftudiow youths . Chap, 14.
knowledge of words and things, and to teach them the liberal Arts and folid learning, unto which they make a ready and eafie way, • .
what, won fo-, But thefe fludies are defervcdly called by the titles of humane
lUe and P^^te learning bccaufe they teach young people civility, cur-
tefy, and good manners ; And from thefe alio men in years receive honeft delights, and drive away the tedious cares of their lives, which commonly compalfe men about by reafon of many bud- nefles they are troubled with ; which thing is the reafon, that the laEpifi. ad orthodox Saint Bafil, Surnamed the Great, diligently invited his Nepct. Nephews to the reading of Poets and Oratours.
CHAP. XIV.
The office of a Poet and what help he brings to fludiom youth , and
to thefe that are of ripe years.
rhedcjl&nof* y y Chews in mod elegant Verfe, howexad aTutour a Po- L°X' Efld.ad rlet is for language, and manners, being next kid to an Ora- Auguftuin. t0Ur . an^ £or thiscaufe he is ftyled the Matter that teacheth men the liberal Arts, and how to regulate their lives.
/ * ' + ^ • f
A Poet frames the tender putting Tongue ,
And from ill words doth wrefl the Ear that's young,
And with good precepts doth inform the mtnd3 ConeBing anger ^Envy, makes men kind ,
Relates the truths examples gives for time To come, delights the Poor and fiek with Rime.
Alfo a Poet inculcates fome other wholefome precepts, not fe- verely, or commandingly, not by threading left they iliould fall away from what they have entred upon; but pleafingly, flatter¬ ingly, fweetly, and handleth all things with Arc, and moderation, as a Horfeman that tames Horfes, teacheth them to curvet and pranfe, and amble nimbly by (bathing them, and Imaeking with their mouth.
A P oetha»% ex, a ft teacher of
manners.
k
Vug. Georgs.
For to rebound^ and amble very faff
And not oncly thefe delightfull ftudies raife fpirit and vigour in the minds of young men, but they are alfo ufefuli for men of riper years, when they have time to breathe themfelves from more feri- Veiryhthc oils and weighty matters of crabbed laws. Now befides Theepbra- woft antient Cicero , ahd Fabim, teftify that the Generation of Poets was the
A,u moll antient and highly commended of old times. For it is cer-
tain that Poets firft drew barbarous, rude,favage men that wan- dred up and down like beads to lead a civill and fociable life,which
Horace exprefleth in elegant Verfe,
, * Sacred
Chap. 1 5 . Of the ufe and profit of Histories.
«... /.
Sacred Orpheus Interpreter oftb Gods ,
Drew mid Men to be calnt, ?, who liv'd at ods ,
-^5 Cannibals j got the name ,
Of making Tigres , and grirrr Lions tame ,
£0 Amphion »/?0 built the Thebane States Is faid to draw the ft one $ to bantjb hate ,
FFiii? found of’s Lute^fuch Wtf dome formerly There was to f ever what was privacy ,
From pubhek \for in that age men took care ,
To part from prophane , things that f acred are: Laws were prefcriV d to marriage , wandring lufi Was bounded , Towns were built y and what was juft s was carv'd in Wood , »>
<>/ w# i*0£ «3 4/3^ /o Foetry.
iu ,/ ' h. . . : .1 - , ...
CHAP. XV. v - ?
O/ //;
Since Hiftory, (that is a faithfull relation of things 4£led) is as profitable as pleafanc, and befidesthc pleafurevvc find in rea¬ ding of it, there comes by it a great increase of Wif'dome ; it is fit that every man fhould be fiudious in reading of Hiftory. Titus ufe °f sifter j, Lmui. doch by the way fhew us what ufe and fruit comes by Hi- cZZlndlfoa ftory. This is the molt fruitfull and wholefome thing in the know- tf&ftovj, ledge of things, to fee the documents of all examples, as placed in a moll famous monument* and from thence you may take what is good to imitate for your felf, and for your Common- Wealth, and to avoid what is foul to undertake, and which is foul in the up- fhot of bufinefie. So when one asked Zeno by what way a man 2«io hfopint- might be happy, he may (faith he) if he call his eyes upon the ex- amples of former dayes, and look upon the monuments and aliens of his Forefathers, For Hillory is (as Cicero tM ficth) the light of De &at°Te' truth, keeper of time, the life andilrength of memory, the Milt re fie ot Ufe, the Mtflenger of antiquity, wherein all things are aeferi- bed accurately and at largc,and with the greateft fidelity and nar- / fation of truth as it fhould be. The Sacred Scriptures do open a moll large field of Hiftories, and afford usmoilample relations of things done, from whence may be fercht wholefome documents, and fit examples to lead our lives by* whereof many let before our eyes the prodigious J udgments of God, and wc are all of us war- The Scriptures ned thereby, how abominable in Gods fight Idolatry is, and the contempt of Gods word, and ro give him no reverence, and to feck for helps of faiety die where*
Chap.
327
In Art. Poet . The prai/e of a Vtet,
328 Of comedies . > , C ha p. 1 6, 1 7 .
CHAP. XVI.
Of Comedy .
■sX J v
NExt to Hiftory is Comedy, the glafleof mans life, wherein every man may behold hisown Manners and affe&ions and an exprefle pattern of his daily life in the perfon of fome other man, and each man obferves his own venues or vices in a pleafanc fpedacle, as Cicero calls ir, that is, civil, elegant, ingenious, witty; 22; in which kind of exerciie almoft all Nations in\heir Mother tongues ufe fometimes great liberty of fpeech and freed onie of lan¬ guage, fo that, as Horace hath it, their liberty exceeds the juft bounds, for that in reprehending vices they are oft-times too bit¬ ter ; For they notonely mark out common people of the meaneft condition, but in the raoft frequented Theaters of the City they tra¬ duce the chief and principal men, and taunt them fharply with Moderation their bitter Rimes. But if they do this without any fpot of contu- i comedieTdin mely or infamy , andthe Verlcs be not feditious, fpeaking onely bitterly againft fuch as deferve it, it may feem to be tolerable, that thofe that are gauled may mend when their fore backs are touched and may be put in mind of their duties. The Low Dutch call this * liberty in Comedies Batamenten , as they call their mufical Verfes,
that they make their Comedies with Rym or Dichten. we mud learn But we muft learn thefe delights and plcafures of wits in our fomtthwfr younger years, and not when wc are grown in years. For fuch lludies are proper for fiouriihing youth, yet fuch as are grown up, when they have learned them in their childhood, they may fome¬ times recrea e thrmfelves with them in their riper age.
Wage Utoo Ycr let not men of ripe years, nor old men be afhamed to learn late t° learn. w^at is good and profitable for vertue and honefty.-for no age is too late or unfeafonable to obtain thofe things,as it is never too late for * a man to forfake his vices.
CHAP. XVII.
Of the Art of Eloquent [peaking, which is neceffary for any man of what Language fo ever he be.
RHetorique, or Oratory, whofe office it is to fpeak, fitly, di- (\in6lly, and decently, and to allure and inflame the minds of the hearers with grave fentences, and choice words, is chiefly ne- celfary, and uiefull for thofe, who are Preachers, or Magiftrates, anc* Governours of Common-wealths, or are Confuls, or Generals, fuch as are converfantm mutinous Armies, and popular feditions whom it concerns by their places and authority to pacify and over¬ rule the unruly multitudes by their counfelsand majefly of their words; Forfubje&sarenotalwaicstobe conflrained by threats, . ’ ' f v terrours.
l
/
Chap. 1 8. To what Sciences do the ftudies of Humanity make may for m.
terrours, cruelty, punifhments, and by the SwoFd (unlefle the matter requires the fhedding of bloud to allay the Tumult) but with pleating fpeeches, and fugar’d words, and a grave wcll-com- pofed countenance, and by this means to recall wicked men from ' their perverfc waies, to their former duty. The fame prudence muft the Matter of a Family ufe toward thofe of his houfe, and Schoolmafters toward their Schollers that are of a tumultuous fpirir.
CHAP. XVIII.
T J what Sciences do the fluches of Humanity make may for m.
BUt ftudies of humanity, or liberal Arts are not oncly ufefuil Politer teafrii** to polith our Tongues, with fweec words and enticements of u aR 0rnam^t lpeech, but for Arcs that are neceftary and profitable for our lives, t00lir(tudm‘ as Natural Philofophy, Phy tide. La w5 wherein chiefly themind of man refts, and receives comfort, I mean not humane but heaven¬ ly Philofophy, whereby Ghrift leading us, we attain the knowledg chips vhiiofq- of God, and to love and truft in him. For all Arts wherein Mans Induftry is exercifed, muft be referred to this, and directed to this end. The profeftours of worldly Wifedome did not obtain this • who wandring from the truth thruft into mens minds things falfe for true, vain tor folid, faigned for true, doubtfull for certain, hurtfull for fa fe ; becaufe they wanted divine infpiration.
But lince amongft the reft there are principally three Arts, that Tj!ref am are not onely bring honour and profit to the profeftours of them, c (though that muft not be very much looked afeerj but alfo they are ufefuil for the people, and a help for the more convenient lea¬ ding of their lives : which of thefe three you would learn, and to which you are addi&ed by nature, you muft deliberate maturely to find out. Theology, that is, the knowledge of divine things, ufeofThulo* delivered by infpiration from God, informs the mind with godli- nefle, and thews the manner God muft be worfhipped, and how every man muft obtain his falvation. Which (fo it be taught fin- cerely) doth fo far leave all other Arts behind ir, as divine things^,, are better than humane things, folid than things trarifitory. That neoiery^pre* part of this fcicncc is ufefuil for all men to obcain falvation by, h^iefor alt which inftruds the mind with Faith, adorned with the works o{me*' charity, as I fpake more largely el fe where ; for by this, Chrift being our guide, we have an accefte and entrance to the Father by one Spirit. Phyfick by deferibing frugality and temperance in diet, The ufe of pb ~ and by the ufe of wholefome things, takes care of our health, and fuk. * cures difeafes. This, as Tlutarch teftifies, is fo ol the number of Detumd vale the liberal Arts, that it is inferiour to none in the fplendour of Po- tud. V* ' licy, and for pleafure. This brings a moft plentifull reward to thofethatftudy it, for befides the increafe ol their fubftance, they have health of boJy, which exceeds all poffdfions. A man can
Y y hardly
i * • . p > * . . f 1 .
I
33°
The pleafattt contemplation of plants. \
The profit of
P ro Cdioi
Cicero com¬ mended Law.
Cbrift and Paul approved the civil Laves. Rom. i3-
We mujl hold to one certain fludy. Chap.i^.
hardly perlwade others what great delight and profit there is in the contemplation of hearts, and to know their venues, what in the differing of the members of mans body, and in the obfervation of all the parts, unleffe a man hath had the tryal and ufe thereof. The Civil law was alwaies in high honour, the office whereof is to govern Cities by counfcB, t© found them by laws,and to amend them by judgments.
- ' V. .s'
To give good counfels , and to help at need)
To [pare goodfubjeBs , and make rebeJIs bleed.
If any man think this order to bedefpifed, he, as Cicero faith, pulls up not onely the bounds of Judgments, but alfo of profit, and commonlife. We fee that Common- wealths are fencedby the help of it, and all things are thus kept peaceable and quiet amongft the Citizens, and that by the Authority of the facred Laws j where¬ by the Prince or Magiftrate executes Juftice,and by his power re- ceived from God, (as Saipt Paul teftifies) punifheth wicked and ungodly men, and protects the good. Therefore God will have fingular honour and obedience given to Kings, fo they command what is equal, and not againft Gods Laws.
CHAP. XIX.
we rmift flandfajl tofome certain kind of fludy.
Since fomc men are fo delighted with thefe pleafant ftudies that they continue in them till they grow old, nor do they betake tnemfelves to folid learning ; I think it is good counfel that he who would receive any fruit of his ftudies, and not to lofe his la¬ bour and pains, fhould betake himfelf to that kind of learning that he is naturally moft fit for, leaft he feem to go againft nature, wtbwgazMtft ancj his own inclination : then let him diligently follow that ftu- dy to which he hath addicted himfelf, and let him haften to come to the perfection of it, with all his might, that when he hath run a long time in that way he may be compleat in it (if it be poflible to attain a perfection therein). Let a man tafte of the delights of \ m other ftudies at idle times, as for recreation and reft from labour,
and not be veiec- fo that he return back to his wonted task and bufineffe, and that % his mind may betake it felf to thofe ftudies he hath intermitted
\ for a time.
To bold to one certain (Indy*
CHAP.
. r ■■
Chap.20.
How Afire logy mu(t be ufed.
33 1
CHAP. XX.
what (ladies and employments are labour fomei and leffe profitable , what
are hurtfull and perniciow ,
BUc we muft take heed of chat which fome do in fome Arts ; unfruit full chat we do not beftow great ftudy and labour upon hard and5 d‘e*aretobere- obicure things and fuch as are not neceffary, but it is ptaife-wor- * * ' thy to employ great pains and care upon things honeft and worthy to be known. For there arc fome who are bufied in fome Audios and they place all their induftry upon them, which are full of te- dioufnefle, trouble, and moleftatidn, and yetyeild bucfmall pro¬ fit for the labour beftowed upon them. Such are the over-curious obfervations and judgments concerning the Stars, fetcht from the now Afiroiey vanities of the Chaldeans, upon which the rafh profellours depen- ding, pronounce undoubtedly what Thall befall every man, what fate he was born to* what end he {hall come toj what fucceAe eve¬ ry man muft have, never taking the providence of God into coun- fel, by whofe will it is certain this whole world is guided : Sfaias c. 47.44. {peaks againft their raCh and uncertain pfedi&ioris, and laughs at fuch who go to enquire of them, and feek for Oracles from thefe importers. For fo he derides them 5 let the Star-gazers ftand andfave thee5 who look up to the Stars, and count the Moneths, that they might fhew thee what is to come. Likewife, J eremias chap, io. faith, Do not learn the waies of the t3 entiles, and fear not the figns of the heavens, which the Nations fear, bccaufe the Laws oh the di/luonube* people are vain, that is, their demonftrations are fal fe and idle, vanities of a- By which words thefacred Prophets do not wholly condemn or (irelog>- > . forbid all Aftrology,1 which hath both its ulc and: profit, but xhey fpeak againft fuch profeffours, who by their falfe, inipoftiires de- bld* ceive the people, and make the credulous multitude believe- fome things that are falfe* and to exped in vain,- for fome things that.’are to come hereafter. Near kin to thefe are thofe vanities that con¬ cern palmcftry,that by looking on the linesof the hands fhew woo- Xlnfui? ders jn a trifling way .* fuch are the fumes and cheats of the Alchi- u * mifts, whefeby thefe juglers perfwade men that they can change thcfpecies of things, and can turn Silver and all Brafte into Gold :
To thefe may be added fuch Arts as ar£ far worfc as Necroman¬ cy, whereby they ufe to call the bodies of dead tncfo out of their Graves, andtoaskqueftions to be anfwercd by them, as. we read that the Pythonift did,- who to pleafCi&W. brought, up Samuejf in 1 Keg. is, a falfe and counterfeit apparition. Next to thde.^e Hydroman c cy, and Pyromancy, that are done by water and by fire.* and ma¬ ny more frauds of Devils,' and magical incantations, as Soutbfay- ing, divination, Auguration, good fortune, that is, fuch figns that were taken from looking into the cntrals of hearts, and from the frngtngs of birds. x - - . ;
irefer to thefe hurtfull and inchanting Arts, thofe Arts .where- 4 Yy z by
y/e rnufl adorn both our Minds and bodies . Chap. 2 14
by even in the Low-Countries lomc Vvitcncs and cunning Wo- Tunlu^ * men do mifehief to their neighbours beards and flocks of Cartel, and rob them of their milk and butter, by the help of the Divel, fpoyling their Corn and Wine, anid deftroyir.g them. Alfo they take ftrength from men, and as if they were gelded they make them weak and feeble for the Marriage bed : of which lomc ftrong brawny men ha ve complained to me, and that they were became Eunuchs and unable, to their great difgrace and Ioffe to their W ives, to whom I drove to afford help, and to give them amulets, apply¬ ing to them fuch hcarbs, that infuch cafes, are p relent remedies by the gift of God* ^ .
Now for a man to toil his.- wits in fuch enchantments, isnotone- ly unneceffary and idle, but alfo dangerous and dcftru&ive. For by laws of God and man, they are to be punifhed with death, and muter. *8. tied to a poft, they are to be burnt whoexercife any wicked Arts by the help of the wicked fpirits. But how inchantmcncs may be driven away, and repelled $ Ilhall fhew at the end of the Book., wherelfhail fpeak of the Majefty of the name Jefui> left we {hould here interrupt the order and ieries of this treaty.
.hU v TV
CHAP. XXI.
We muQ adorn
both mads and boding
•k \v. 'p- 'fc
/ A finite fi
VEe mufl not lefje take care for our CM inds than for our bodies, m ■■ * ; ■' ’ »ii biftgiciti
Blit fince man is made of Soul and body, wemuft with all pro¬ vidence take care for the fafety of them both. The Soul is the principal part in man, and the body is the houfe of the Soul. We ufemoft the command of the Soul, and the fervice of the body, dmefticiiapm t^ref0re we mu ft not be flothfull in the confederation of them both. For if we be fo carefull that our houfes ftand not in boggy and marifh lands, that there be no rifts nor open places for the rain and. winds to come in, and that our cloathes be not mouldy, and for want of ay ring, come not to be eaten by flyes and mothes : how much more^teed have we to look toour bodies ? the vices where¬ of will affedt the Soul alfo by confent, and law of company, and they conveife together in all things. For rh v *. ;ioG Vat. . !lX> OnfJ 7-V , f. ■ ,‘j: i;
Our bodies Faults dofaflen on our, mmd^ oc
The Soul divine is thwmade earthy kind, h y : . -•.* , v j
Morale .
x Tint, 1,
13W
O'
D
To which agrees that of the Wife man 5 The corruptible bo¬ dy preffeth down the Soul, and the riwnd that meditates on many th ings; • • • Jl « Y d '> ri * % a y y t - 1 i Q b. ptBjBfi
Wherefore we mu ft take fome care of our body, upon whofe props,as Pliny faith, the Soul ftands. Saint Paul obforved that, who forbad Timothy to ufe water any longer, and prescribed unto him the ufe of Wine, to comfort his ftomach, and to make him more cheerful in the propagation of the Gofpel. For the body being
£ v x in
Chap»*2.
How we may help the body to health.
ni
The Tx>';c\cd art unquiet.
ina found condition can better lerve cht Soul, and hinders nor, nor burdens the mind when ic is employed in the contemplation of high things. ■/
But inthfe firft place we ought totakecare for our mind, and to adorn that, which is no way better performed, than by a firm and liable confidence in God, which raifeth a man into a moil certain hope of immortality, and takes out of our minds all dread and fear ©1 deatn. And as meat is nutriment for the body : fo is Gods Word The souls foot the food andnourifhment of out Souls, whereby alone we conceive peace and tranquillity in our minds, than which there is nothing more to bedefired and fought for in this life. But even the exter¬ nal habit of the body fhews what diiquietnefle and anguifh of heart there is, and what tortures wicked men endure in their minds.
For wickedneffe is filch a revenger ©fit fell, that whdt mind it hath once faftned on, it will never fuffer it to be at quiet, but con¬ tinually holds it upon the rack with perturbations ; which Efarn exprefled by an elegant fimilreude taken from the waves of theSea.
The heart of the wicked is as the troubledSea^whofe waters tttft up mire and dirt ; That is, the minds of tbofe men who are ftainM and polluted with fins and wickednefie, are tumultuous;) troublesome, and tin- quiet. For what man can take plea fare in his fife, Or enjoy a quiet mind, whocarhetha body about with h itti that is foiled with nioft foul faults, and a Soul polluted with obfeerte vices ? Whites forefince great part of milcry comes fmnche vicious affeOis oft he mind, we muft by all means abllain lrom them, that the body may receive no hurt thereby. With the like care and induftry mult the body be freed from difeafes, lead any biemifh or contagion might be conveied from the body to the Soul. For being that ill and vitious humours communicate ill fumes to the brain, they drive and provoke the mind to many miichiefs.
Efay 57.
Naughty affe¬ ctions hurt th mind.
Ill humours , cloud the mind.
m
A Oil!
■*-*-
» 1
CHAP. XXI f.-
j gl*
iff?
. .. . • / I
How we mtijl help the body that it may fubftfit in perfect health.
T7 Rugality and temperance in1 diet defends health and drives off fimaUty it Xf difeafes, ufing moderation in thofe things that arcneccflary ro profitable. confirm health and to caufe ftrength. Gated calls thefe conferving jrt.Med^s, caufes, becaufe they are fit to cbnfcrve the habit of the body, io we ufethem well and opportunely j; The modern Phyfitians call Thftgsthat them thifigs not- natural, not chat they arc befid.es nature, but be- brtni(iretl*th‘ caufe being frt without the body, and are not within us as the hu¬ mours, by ufe and cffe of with fome incon venience, if they be em ployed amiffe, and not duely as they ought to be; OF this kind is the Ayre that is about us, meats and drinks, deeping and waking, repletion and inanition, affciftions and motions of the mind 5 all of which mans body re¬ quired
:?s.
'• . r-
*-334
Satiety of meat to be avoided.
{
j
Chap-. 2:
i "c V
Moderate diet h profitable ft? fiudents .
■ 4i ' •
XA
V
Cbrifi Cow* mandt frugality 'tub u.
£. s.
m(l be avoided ’.
Wemdyfomt- titnes eat freely.
quires for the prcfervation and defence thereof. But becaufe the principal part of health confifts in a found diet, we muft diligently obfervein that, what is good or hurtfull to the body. And& fince gluttony is no lefle loathfome, than it is pernicious and hurtfull to the body, we muft take in fo much meat and drink, as will ferve natures neceflity, and that the forces of the body may be fed and not opprefted.
Moderate diet is profitable and neceflaryin all occupations offtudy, and managing of great affairs, to endure watchings itf labour, and in performing publick duties. For it is this that keeps health perfed, it makes the fpirits both animal and vicall that arc aferibed to the brain and heart, to be cheerfull and ready, fo that what a man conceives in his mind he can readily effect and bring to pafle without any trouble.
But daily examples prove that by luxury and intemperance of life,difeafes arc brought on, our ftudies are hindred, all honeft co¬ gitations fail, we cannot proceed in our lucubrations, the cheerful- nefle of the mind flags, the vigour of the Soulis extinguished, and men grow dull, idle, lither,fleepy, and do not endeavour themfelves to perform any great matters. Wherefore, who fo addids him. fclf to be a Schollcr, and to learn books, he muft fo moderate his bufineffc that he do nothing after the will of his appetite, but his appetite muft be fubjeft to reafon, and he muft refer all things to the ufe of life, and needfity of nature. Chrift requires that of thofe who profefle Chriftianity, and by thefe words he calls them back to temperance. Take heed to your felzes haft at ary time your hearts be overcharged withfurfetting and drunkennefe , and cares of this life , and fo that day come upon you unawares. For as a fnare fhall it come onall them that dwell on the face of the whole earth. In wh ich Sermon he faftnech fobriety upon the minds of men, and he drives away the love of earthly things, and he will have them to perfift in that bufinefle to the laft day of their lives, leaft any worfe thing fliould befall them. It is well faid of Cornelius Celfus, When you fit down to meat, overmuch fullnefle is never good, and oft-times to'ab- ftain too much is unprofitable : neither let hunger be from fatiety, nor fatiety from hunger ; and immoderate cramming is not good. Wherefore they do unadvifedly, who after banquets and drink¬ ings the day before, and marriage feafts, the next day they famifh themfelves, fothat fometimes they faint and fwound away, and muft be reftored with fweet finds. Others after failing the day before, eat and drink the day after, more than it is fit, that un- lefle they unbutton themfelves, you would think they would burft.
Sometimes there is no fault in it fora man to eat a large fupper, and to refreih himfelf with feafonable cheer, and there'is no rea¬ fon to find fault with it, fo all things be done with moderation, and things confift within the bounds of temperance. For by thefe re- frefhmcnts fadnefle and grief are difeufted, which by over-great care call: a dark cloud upon the mind, and they make Schollars * melaru
v
Chap»2 3. . Meat bath its power of nourishing from God.
o } )
melancholly - their lpirits being waited and extenuated, whereby they become froward,{low, penflve, Grangers to all civil company and Unfociable , which affections Ihould be far from ftudents and Magiftrates, and luch as are given to learning.
/
CHAP. XXIII.
be received with great gratitude and thankfullnejje ,
BUcbccaufeby Gods munificence we abundantly enjoy the For meats m Creatures, and all things from the beginning of the world were ordained for mans ufe and commodity to loon as we lit down ^ipceact. at Table, before we put our hand to the dun, or take any tood, we mult lift up our mind to the maker of all things, and muff cheer- pwrtf’nll- fully and earneftly beg of him, that what we fhali receive, by rifhingfrm faith he would make wholefome for us, and effectual to feed and Godt nourifh our bodies. For the power of nourithmg and feeding us confifts not in meats and drinks but in Gods. word that hath given themfuch vertue. Wherefore we muff refer all to God. So xr~m Prudentm {hews us, even as Saint Paul doth, of whom we ought to Rom. U.* feekand hope for food, and nutriment for our lives, namely from 1 CoT-9- God the Father, by whom through Chrift we obtain all things. Cathemerlib
For fo he directs his prayers unto God.
T befongof Prudentius when we (It down At Table*
Chrift almighty and eternal ,
With faving looks regard m ally That to the honour of thy name We may now eat and take this fame Food: without thee nothing if fweet , It will not help uiy nor is't meet To eat or drink till fir ft thou blefje By fazing fait by every mefjey Leteach'difh G od refen 1 3 and taft Of Chrifty let all our words be placty And what we do to the glory Of the Eternal Trinity .
When we havc.refrefht our felves with meats, he provokes us
to give thanks by the example of Chrift. For our Saviour when Math.zS. fupper was ended did not rife from the Table untill he had fung Marf?- an hymn, whereby we may acknowledge that all things come from the rich and bountifull hand of God, and it is his gift that they become wholefome for us. And he proceeds thus in giving of thanks.
Having eat and drank what's good .
tAs our bodies live by food.
than\sgivingi
Our
. f
i
33*
How we muff take care for Hofpitality, Chap. 24,
talk S. luk . 11.
Our T wgue muff then praife the Lord,
For his bounty doth ajjord ^4.11 that we have, for the fame Let us ever praife his name .
There are in the moft approved Authors many forms of thcfc kind of prayers, and alfo there are often ejaculations to be found in the Scriptures. But there is no prayer more effe than that which Chrift hath taught us. For to this muft be refer'd and all proceed from this fountain, that can be asked or conceived. It confifts indeed in a few words, and is divided into fix or feven parts, but it is fo full of heavenly myfteries, that it comprehends all within it, that concerns either the glory of God, or our ufe and neceflity, or the good of our neighbour.
• uUJ
Strangers wufl be fa fared.
Rom. ii.1 1 Tim. J.
Tit. 1. i Pet. 4.
Heb. 13.
We mufl take tare of the poor, luk . 14.
Wemuftmak* choice of Guefts
CHAP. XXIV.
How we muJLtake care for Hofpitality *
IT behoves every man to be wife and prudent as to that point which concerns guefts and ftrangers, or feafting thofe who feed on other mens cofts, and fearch and hunt after feafts. Firft it is fit that every man fhould take care for hofpitality, which the Apoftles commend, bcfides other men, and Saint Paul requires in a Bilhop ; for to mode ft men pur dores and dining rooms muft ftand wide open. Cicero teftifies that Noble mens gates muft ftand open to Noble Guefts, and it is a moft comely thing that it fhould befo. In which office of humanity that it may be performed without oftentation or ambition, and without refpeft of perfons, Chrift would have the poor and fuch as are in want to be called and invited, looking for nothing again from them, or that they fhould make any recompence , but from our heavenly Father, who will repay all with advantage. But fincefome men are im¬ pudent and brazen faced, who having eaten fhame and all mode- fty, will thruftthemfelves into feafts, and fomerimes when they have fed well, will fecretly be gon, and never bid their Hoft fare¬ well : I think we ought to make a difference in our Guefts, as to admit modeft and frugal men; but all Gluttons, Licorifh per¬ fons, Cormorants, Devourers, and unbidden Guefts, and Table Lackeys, who come in againft the Mafter’s confent, and thruft themfelves impudently upon eur Tables, ought to have the dores fhut againft them, or robe civilly admonifhed to forbear our hou- les, and if we cannot prevail with them, we muft as they fit at Ta¬ ble objeft to them fome notable fentences, whereby they may be put in mind of their duties, for which purpofe this and other fen¬ tences may be written upon the pofts of our dores, and be obvious
' ■ ‘ ’ for
337
Cha p. 2 4. Of Hof vitality.
for them to read, whereby they may be afhamed and be mindful of what is convenient.
wilt thou fit at my Table,
Keep thefe rules if thou be able^
T>o hot any man defame ,
Or falfly traduce hit name ,
Ufe no jeering words at meat ,
what's fet ontbeTable eat,
Finding no fault 5 no healths drink}
Nor frown , nor on quarrels think.
Fe full of Mirth, and witty fpeech,
tAnd for your meat , Godbefeech.
Thank your Hof when you depart ,
To be twice welcome from the heart ;
*
»*'**. * * \ ! » .
TheProverb3Donbtoveipafle my Salt dnd my Table, fhews AProverbfoit that the cudome of having feaft? and inviting of Guefts muft not be ncgleded, and that the laws of humanity and of friendihip muft be prefer ved for when the ancients held mutual Banquets one with anochct, with thele tokens they did maintain and uphold friend- fbiponce begun, and they confirmed it by a common Table. Wherefore of old they were wont to be accufed of treachery and fraud who pafled by the Salt and Table, that is, had broken the mark of friend fhip,and had violated theCovcnant and the intimate nccefticy of life, whereby they were united one to the other by Salt and bread, and made partakers of the fame Table. Tothismy- ftery belongs tl tar complaint of David, wherein reprefenting the W perfon of Chrift, he acciiieth his familiar friend of perfidious dea- ^ n 131 ling, and treachery, and that under the fhape and difguile of an honeft man pretending to godfinefle. He exphftulates thus with him : For the man whom I trufted, and he thareat bread with me, The f lace of that is, fate at my Table, hath lift up his foot againft me. It David exfUz might be toIerated,faith he, and born with lefle regret, if any open nt*' enemy who had proclaimed war by his Heraulds, had made pub- lick war againft me but for him' to lay fnarts falfly to entrap me, and to rarfe up h is neck and heel againft me who was my familiar friend, and to whom I was wont to communicate all my fee rets, this is hoc tolerable, nor can it be endured. So Chrift,moved with indignation of fuch a fad, faid, he that eat bread with hie hath life up his heel againft me : that is, a domeftick enemy, than which there is none more dangerous • who meditates todeftroy me with fecret and hidden pradifes ; it is a metaphor borrowed from friends wheat firft falure,are very courteous and friendly, and yet bear malice one toward the other in their hearts, and wound a man fecrecly,and ftrike him with their heel backward,that he who x?roverba- doth the mifehkfean hardly be obfcfved. The Low Dutch in a gahft the trt*f proverbial figure call this ftriking with the point from you, that chermi is, not before but behind, and on the fide of the body that is averfe
Z z unto
A n Elegant verjejor a
Sanfueto
338
Tfalm J4.
of the care of our Families .
Chap.25.
unco you. Van bachien ende met aecrommepijcken [ieken, Like to thi$,there is another expoftulation of the Prophet ‘David, where he complains of wrong done hicn,by one that was his very familiar friend, and near obliged acquaintance, that he made private to all his fecrets,and one that knew all the hidden thoughts of his heart. But he aggravates the foulnefie of the matter thus. Had mine enemy fpoken agn inft I could have fuftained ir, or if thofe that hated me had rifen againft me, I would have hid my felf from them } but it was thou my friend and intimate companion, we took fweet counfel together, and walked in the houfe of God as friends. The words are very patheticall and full of perturbations, whereby he declares how hainoufly he endures with high difdain, that he who hitherto went for his friend, fhould prove his word enemy, and fhould covertly and fecretly go about to do him mif- chief . But that he may plainly exprefle a cunning and crafty fel¬ low who by his counterfeit friendfhip flatters with his mouth and eyes, whilit inwardly he fofters mifehief and venome againft his friend in his heart, he adds this to his perfidious dealing, his words r 4 finite fim were fmoother than Butter whilft he hath war in his heart, His fay- oyi and Butter, fogs were foftei than Oyle, when as inwardly they are very Swords and Spears. By which fimilitude he fhews what falfe ma- litious friends are, who fpcak fair, and mean ill, carrying bread in one hand, and aftone in another. Judas Jfcariot gives us an ex¬ ample of this treachery, and after him many others that have lear¬ ned it by him, and pra&ife by the falfe examples of others.
CHAP. XXV.
Of the care of our families and private eftates 0 and the admini -
ftration thereof .
f • •
of d mfhtliaf-
fain.
S for Oeconomy,and What concerns the government of pri¬ vate families, which, as teftifleth, is the fervant and handmaid of the body : every man ought to be induftrious and prudent in eftablifhiug and adorning the fame , that the increafe of it maybe referred unto theneceflary ufe of life, to commodity, iremfi avoid and ornament, not to luxury, and plcafurc, not for fumptuous overmuch pro- feaftSj anft immoderate provifions in diet, which will exhauft and vtjm op ^ ^ jn t^e grcateft eftates. Wherefore in adorning a Banquet, and furnifhing of our Table, we muft chiefly obferve frugalncfle, and moderation in diet, and all provocation of luft and gluttony muft be efehewed jand all your coftly juncates which ule to be fet on the Table for fecond courfes, when men are full with meat, that fo they may obtain a new appetite to their meat. This pro- tphef. r. fufion and luxury of our lives, befides that it wafts our eftates, and breeds difeafes, when men are hot with W ine, it ferves to fo¬ ment luft, andtoftirup venery in the obfeene and fecret parts,
which
Chap.2$
Of the can of our Families .
339
vjhich,to uicthe Apoftles words, makes them burn, and be more pi^yoked to venereous actions. Wherefore Saint Paul wiH have nothing done according to the will of our lufts, but all things to be referred to the necefticy and ufc of nature, not to luxury and pl'eafure, which are hurtful alike both to our fouls and bodies.N ow naraan is fo dull and infenfible in natural things, that he can en¬ dure to hate his body, but as the Apoftle faith, nouriiheth and cherilheth it, as Chrift doth the Church. By which example Saint*? 40/ perfwades husbands to love their wives, andtoufe the fame care for them, that every man doth for his own body, and to do that for them thatCh rift did for his beloved Spoufe the Church. Moreover intheadminiftracionof houfhoid affairs, and infetling and confirming our private eft^testhat they fall not to decay, all things mull be lb moderated, that we may not incur the names of prodigals, or fpend-thrifts, or of covetous dry holdfafts, that are too fparingly niggards. It is Parfimony that preierves a mans eftatc and thereby it increafeth and grows greater ; yet you muft not be fo ftraight-fifted as to defraud your belly, and, to ftarve your families: as fome fordid rich men do ; again, you muft not as wafters do, makehavockof vyhat youhtiyeand cpnflime your poftefftons, joyning with you fomecompanions of this ftrain who will perfwade you to do it, and lead you on in* riorous courfes. Now as T ererice faith,he that feeks for gain muft 1 pqnc\ : So Tlautus tells us, that there can be no gain where the expence is greater than the gain. The Low Dutch fpeak that fentence thus j Stelt h teringhe naer tt neringhe* Whereby they mean, that a man muff fo moderate his expcnccs^ that he may not wafte hiseftate by im¬ moderate profufeneffe, but that there fhould be an equal propor¬ tion between our wealth and our expences ; wherefore it is the parcof an induftrious houle-keeper, fometimes when it is requi¬ site, to bring forth out of his treafury what is needful!, and again when it is time, to lay up. For, as the Proverb is, Parfimony is too late at the bottom. The Law that Amafis king of the Egypti¬ ans made, and which Solon the Athenian Law-giver pra&ifed, is not from our purpofc, nor from the profit of the Common- wealth, and prefervation of private families, whereby there was provifion made, as Herodom certifies, that the people and inhabitants fhould give an account every year to the Govcrnours of Provinces how they. lived, and what way they ufed to gain their food, and they who could not make tha,t appear, and (Lew that they came honeft- ly by'what they had, fhoulej be put to death. By the feveiicy of which lawheftrovetoreftrain idle perfons, that they might have fio oc,cafion.to rob and fteal , to which they commdnly fall, who. have {pent their fathers eftates in gaming, and riot, and whoring,, and have totally exhaufted their patrimonies. Fcotn hence I fup-. pofe was that Law inftituted amongft the Corinthians againft pro¬ digal people, and fuch as carelefly confume their eftates, or fcaft more coftly and famptuoufly than their yearly annuities and rents will bear. Which fince DipfalM in Atheneem relates it, and
Lz 2 who
i Cor. 7. Rom. 13.
Efbef. S,
*lLiOv
Moderation to be ufed in all things.
A Proverb com* mending fruga¬ lity.
Late parfimony is hurtfulU
.r .Vr
L . 3* Euterpe*
t;
AmafisWi La)# againfi idle per¬ fons.
*!uffht*T • v-