Book 1.

The Comma mon.
The Lords Sup¬ per.
Hit. 9.
comfort with our Redeemer. And that thefe things may never flip out of our minds, and fo great a benefit may never be forgot, Chrift inftituted his holy Supper; whereby we may remember • and recoiled what he hath done for us, that our mind may be ele¬ vated and grow hot with the frequent meditation of the new Co¬ venant to adore him, and receiving his body and blood, we may be united to him, and may conceive certain hope and truft of his great love and mercy to us, whereby he was willing to dye for us. Which wonderful work we ought daily, but efpecially to meditate on at our end when death approaches, that our minds may be fettled, and we may firmly believe in him , and we may give him continual thanks for that ineftimable gift of our falva- tion, by the (bedding of his blood, whereby he wiped away all fpots of fin from us, and freed us from dear of death, and from the cruel tyranny of our great Enemy the devil, fo fetting us at li¬ berty. Therefore by this myftical Bread and holy Sacrament we are allured that Chr ill is in us, and we in him, and that we are joyned to him by the moft firm bond of love. Whence it is, that being born up with certain hope as with a fiaff, we are confident to receive thofc things that faith infufed into us by the Spirit, prompts us with, and pcrlwades us unto ; for from faith as the root fpring forth the branches of charity, that yield plentifully the fruits of good works : For works teftifie that faith is alive,ana fafe and found in all parts of it. For faving faith is never with-> out good works that are plcafing to God, but, as a good Tree,brings forth both leaves and fruit.
Since therefore thofe heroick and divine vertues infpired by God, which are fo joyned together, that they can never beafun- der, are fo necefiary tofalvation, the mind muft be daily bulled in them, that alter the troubles of this life are paft, after chat we have approved the profelfion of our faith, andfhew’d it open¬ ly, which God requires we fhould do, and exercifeth us therein, we may come to thofe riches, that Inheritance, thofe rewards,thac God hath appointed for them, who in the conflict of this life have employ’d their Talent as they ought ^o do ; wherein if they have erred, the next way to falvariou is to lift up their fouls to God, and to commit themfelves wholly to his great mercy. Wherefore de¬ pending on his clemency in hopes of mercy, which he denyeth to none that repent. Let mjeome with boldne(Je to the Throne of Grace, that we may find mercy in time of need. And let us continually from our very heart fpeak in the ears of our merciful and placable Judge, thofe words of the Prophet; Enter not into Judgment with thy fer~ f vant , O Lord , becaufe in thy fight no man living (ball be justified. If thou Lord fbouldfl offerve what is done amijje , who might abide it $ but
nefpair mft be wfa {ye tyere ^ mrc« md plenteotu redemption; cafl away. J
James *.
There mull be choice of
works*
Sinners are Juft ified by Faith in God
1 8.
Heb. 4.
Pfal. f4S. Pfal. 1 19.
CHAP.
> \
Chap.x 5. whether there be a reafonable Soul inf ufed into morrow Births.
CHAP. XV.
whether there be areafonable Soulinfufed into monftrous births , and to abortives , and whether they (hall rife again to life 5 And^by the wayy from whence CMonfters proceeed >
*
A LI thofe that are like men, and, according to the order of being born received from our firft Parents, by that way and means proceed from both Sexes, though they arc monftrous in ihape, and deformed in body, have notwithftanding a reafonable Deformity u*. foul, and when tncy have run the race of this fhort life, they (hall be made at la(t partakers of theRefurreftion j But thofe that arc not from man, but by mixing with o$her Creatures, and exercife their Actions otherwifc than men do, fhall neither be immortal, nor rife again : So the wood-gods,Satyrs,houfhold gods, Centaurs,
Fairies, Tritons, Sirens, Harpies, and if fabulous antiquity hath invented any other things of this nature, they have neither ratio¬ nal fouls, nor enjoy the benefit of the Refurre&ion. There are indeed, amongft fo many millions of men, many that are deformed in body, and are of an horrid afpeft, with hogs fnowt, and un¬ comely Jaws ; yet all thefe though they are far from tfie natural Ihape of Man are referred to the number of men : For they fpeak, dilcourfe, judge, remember, and perform other offices of the Soul, and"perfe& their a&ions after the manner of men, though they fomewhat degenerate from mans dignity, and his imbred force of Nature.
Now a Monftrous habit of body is contra&ed divers wayes. For whence men- fear, frights, influence of the Stars, too much or too little feed, prous [hapet Imagination of women with child, and divers phantafms which tretted* the mind conceives, deform the body, and caufe Children to be of a fhape not proper to the Sex. Sometimes the whole courfe of Nature is changed, cither when the feeds are vitiated, or the In- ftruments be unfit, fo that the natural faculties to propagate apd form the Child cannot perform their offices exactly. For as the a simile from moll Induftrious Artift cannot bring to perfe&iow a work happily the mdufry of begun, where the matter is naught, or the Inftruments are dull ^ an fo Nature wanting the forces of her faculties, or not having a fit matter, doth all things ill, and fails of her end. Some there are that by their operation, do make fome parts of the body otherwife chan Nature made them . So in Afia , as Hippocrates teftifies, there of Ayr and were great heads, that the Nurfes made their heads to be long tUcsu figured : for that they thought was a fign of a noble and generous fpirit, as a Hawk nofe was amongft the Perpans 5 whereby at length it came to pafte, that though the Midwives ccafed to prefle the childrens heads, yet nature whileft ihe was forming the child, agreed with the ancient cuftome, and what they did by great In- duftry, Nature did of her own accord. Alfo nutriments, and the qualities of the outward Ayr make fome parts deformed. So they
L that
whether wonflrous Births jball rife again. Book I.
_ _ _ — — ' •* 1 - """ y
that dwell in cold moyft Countries, have great heads, great bel- muntri,' lies, fat bodies, babber lips, fwoln cheeks. Many Countries pro¬ tege the con- duce Pigmies, and little men, very (hort. Other Countreys pro- diuensef soul jucc peopic with great throats, and fcrophulous tumours, with flat arid Body. nofesf crooked legs. Yet though many things be wanting in thefe
people, and the parts be either ill framed or wrefted amifle ; yet becaufethey are born of women, and fome force of reaion (Bines in them, and they are led by the fame Laws of Nature, Orthodox Divines fay. There is a rational foul in them, and that they (hall . The Refur- fife again. And by rifmg again they {hall lay alide all deformi- Iwboduldt- ties of their bodies that were ill favoured to behold, and be well formed to their formed like as men are, and all lame crooked imperfect limbs tight Jbape. fhall be made perfe&. And though in fome the force of reafon lTaines lefle, becauleof the unapmefle of the orgaft, as in chil¬ dren, old men, drunkards, mad-men, in whom the force of the Soul is hindred, or opprefTed. Yet every one of them hath a rea- fonable foul ; and what is dcfe&ive (hall be made up at the re- furre&ion. But imperfed and abortive births, and all mifehan- ccs where the limbs are not fafhion’d, or very imperfealy, be- caule thefe want the reasonable foul they cannot be call’d men, nor Difference be- jr. ^ thev rife again. Phyfitians make a difference between abor- and a mif- tion and a mifchance. For a running forth of a nufchance is, when chance. feeds were for fome dayes joyn’d in the womb, but by the
flipper inefle and fmoothneffe of ir, they run forth again before they come to make a perfect fhape, fo that a rude unframed maf$ runs out, that was the rudiments of a Child that fhould have been, and a fhadowof what was begun, but it was caft out untimely, > as feeds and buds from trees that bear not fruit to maturity. But Abortion oft-times (hews the parts of the Infant perfectly made up, which when it is 42 dayes old, is endowed with a rational Soul, and is alive. Whence, if it chance to be caft forth by fome fudden accident, it (hall one day rife again. . For though many things be wanting in it, and it is not come to its full magnitude, yet in the Refurreaion all (hall be made up, that time would have a s'milefrom produced. And as children have many things in poflibility, that children in. progretfeof time, and increafe of years do ihew themfelves,
as tCeth, nails, hair, and full ftature of body, which by faculty of the feed increafesby degrees, and come to perfe&ion ; fo in the Refurreaion all things wanting in the body,and parts that are im- perfea, (hall be made perfeft. Whofoever therefore is born of the feed of man, and not from fome foul matter or vitious hu? mours concurring , though he be of a monftreus body and ill favoured (hape, yet (hall he rife again from death to life, all faults being repaired by vertucofthe Refurreaion, and framed decently ; Tor that Omnipotent Work-maftcr of allthings.
Prttdemhist
(Jlfakes nothing westk^ who doth the My raife , For were there faulty it were not for hid f raife «
what if by chance , orfickneffe, or by care ,
Or othemife decay'd 3 he mil repair .
For that is oaf, c for him, who made all things of nothin*. For »'">£ » >*■ as Augufirae laich, It ts more eajie to create meh> than to ratfe the t°$ble 10 Gjd* when they are dead It is more to g,ve that a being that never was than to repair what was before: And the earthly matter never is peri Hied in refpeft of God, who can eafily reftore to its former nature wnat isvanilhed into the Ayr and other Elements, or w ;at leanncile or hunger hath confumid, or difeafes Have wafted or wnat is burnt to adies, oris palTed into the firft principles, or ’into the fubftance of tome other body. For the flelhfhallbe reftored to that man it was taken from, as his Due^hat was borrowed Iron, ASmUlftem him They that are men fhall find this to be true, and thofe mouften that are bred from them, and have the fame nature with ^ them, lhall oe partakers of this divine gift.
CHAP. XVI.
The humours and food do change the habit of the body, and (fate of the rnnd apparently-, And hence arife the afieBions, arid ft l „*s J c6f>. fetence : And, by the by, what Mncholy can do, andho/n may be
'T Here is no morral Man that is not led by his paffions and
X perturbation^ but one is more driven by them than an 5 h
and is more ealily forced by the motions of his\mind R Ahv
that are ot a PQod bodily termer ond Mmen led By
fo >er diet crJ L y pCr> ,ard, lead a temperate life, and Hf^ns.
1 -e due, are leuc wont to be troubled with paflions So c why Socrates
lj reported to nave been of that conftancy and calm nr (Te of ; a ™asle(fe fub~ tnat ooth at home and abroad he was alwaitsof S hmT ’
nanceand alacrity of mind, though he had a vtffcoldL Who'
liuLdfr’ w!,1'-h heobtaill'd noocherwife than by his^a I life, and great temperance; Hence it is that cicero Gi r n r
Intemperance n he fountain of all the Pali ions whirl \ *
from tbe mit , aftd}lom ngk ^ ^If/dZhett:
cannot Le ruled or kept in order. As the refore Tt m n
diforJrrly defircs, and makes them lubmk mriaht Temfemce* preserves the judgment of the Mind entire ; foItuemDennr^ hi
St and every 3;^ hi
blood and fletmc abound n l Pru ? , thcncc- For a* when anfv the body 5 fo
ring between them, f poyls the Soul 0f her hea h and ^ ’T
body into mutual deftrudtion : Forfoanoer ralWfl^f thc S'/P'*"
f««». *„ *, fc, ssSfc® =li:u
la 2 i
/ and
6o
The original °f patfioiis.
Example* of moderation arre David and Vt iicles.
My little men are jo on angry.
A Simile from fuel on fire.
The nature of eholeric^men.
KeUncbolique
natures.
FlegmatiqUe.
~^7 h^untndfeeddo chany thtbditcftke M,&c. frefc l.
W arc oofletlcd of the inward parts of the mind, ate huniull nlfo to the body, and caufe many terrible difeafes thereof ; Alfo the difeafes of the body by fympathy and way of company afteft the
S°ULi though ob lefts, and many outward caufe, {Ur up many
troubiefomelnotions in man, yet the pnncipall caufe, and ongt-
1 1 is from the heart, and from the humoursand lpmts, wh.ch if i v he moderate and not infefted with lome ftrange quality, t e mlLt not fo ho?, and is more calm t So if the bloud be clean and ? the temper be equal, and the body be well, men are flow - P V moved, nor are they fo exceedingly vexed with fear, an¬ ger, or revenge and if they be fomewhat in man »
a
• f}' a We have examples of this in cD&rvid and Veytc Sy
‘s“flwa§ed; n^hlvfellovv reviled them, and upbraded them,
t'Z did not revel Jor hate him for it, but ufed him with great
[ 1 r • The heart receives divers motions of the mind from humanity The heart receive therearcn0 outward objefts
meni in .he di&rence of p.S™, 10 j""«
out than Others are, to it ulah to happen u p whereof feme breed long and dunng pafTions, rhachoWick men fions and fading prefently, whence it
uKrel.^byXhinnefl^ofa hot g^ndfu£^
'grov?'^?0^^ th^arc^^ifiedTjBdtHfeancholique
ilowtr before “J' ^dfot, ire fo reiedfolleii.ijutiee,
wtoreSS'elfo, are to.lA a»d “ 6' fc^Z
t
/
Cviap. 1 5. The humours and food do change the (late of the Mind . 6 1
, _ ■ . _ .... _ _ _ _
noble actions, on them me Proverb may be verified, He hath no mini that bath no anger. But languid people arc of hot and moill conftitutions, and arc held. with no waighey or ferrous bufinelfe of sangumconu cares, but are wholly caken upon with (ports, talcs, longs, and flexions. jears, and complements, and take care for nothing but pleasures, and delights, which conditions and differences of men alter ac¬ cording co the quality, and mixture of the humours, according to the climate and Ayrc they live in 5 and they do varioufly affedt the minds of men, and therefore I am perl waded, that the hu¬ mours are the caules of Paflions. For the heart being affe&ed the fpirits are railed, and the humours b@yi, and the minds of nien by their agitation are more inflamed, as if a torch or firebrand were put under. For as when .he General or Prince is moved in an , -
Army, his guard of Souldiers, and all char are to defend him pre- * c^LLof* fcntly make themfelves ready to fall on upon the enemy: So when an any pafTion arifeth, all the humours are fuddenly ftirred with the heart,and the fpirits break forrh, as in anger, ftiame,bafhfulne(fe, immoderatejoy j but in grief, forrow, fear, they draw themfelves in, not without great detrim nt to ones health, lo that the blood fometimesforfakes the heart, and fometimes by coming too much unto it, it ftrangles it. So many have died fuddenly by overmuch joy, and others by fudden frights and tears, which happens chiefly w*>omfc#futl to fuch as cannot regulate ti.eir paflions, by rcafon,as are common* XeJtrt." ly weak men,women, infants, old men, Anchorites, who in their • youth go from the company of men, and lead a folicary life, who havebut wcakheat, and a- thin (lender animal fpirit, and there* fore they have but fmall courage, and are fearfull and faint heart¬ ed, and cannot be valiant in refitting of dangers. Moreover each mans age, the temper of the climate, influence of the ftars, educa¬ tion and courfe of life, and courfc of the Country are of great con- M any things , ccrnment in the differences of the paflions and manners. For if you regard all nations, and their feveral natures ftudies, and inclina¬ tions 3 you (hall find their wayes of living to be divers, as alfo their wirs, . flections and manners arc. Wherefore it is much to be con- fidtred what age a man is of, of what education, under what cli¬ mate he was born and bred, what temper and conftitution his body is of, laftly whofe company he keeps, what diet he ufeth, and what is the abundance and quality of the humours, at that Themnntrst- time. For thefe generally caufe mens manners, and fafhions of nfcfromdk their minds. So they whofe bloud is thick, are commonly fierce, nm0Hrs' cruel, inhofpitable, unhufnane, and never regard the flings of Confidence, never fear, and are without all Religion 5 they care not for godiineffc, or humanity: of which kind are Marri'ners,
Pipers Carters, Porters, Carriers, and Souldiers, who by teafon of the thickntfle of their bloud, and their grofle tfoublefome fpi¬ rits, have their Confidences ruff-caft, and their minds darkned with what mint re moft grofle vices. And if any fpark of a better mind chance to fhine forth, or if they have any venues that are given to thefe courfesof life, they cither overwhelm: them, or (lain them with
great
6 2
The honours and food do change the habit cf the body ^&fc. Book L
l. 4.
irb at things fha.rpcn the paffions.
Pfalm 48.
orcat faults. For when they have fpenc their whole time upon ail 1..1, Belli Pu- mifehief, their wicked courfe of life becomes a fecond nature to met. them. So Livy faith, that inhumane cruelty, and more
thari Catrhagenian perfidioufnefle was to Hannibal , he made no reckoning oftruth and holincflc, he feared no God, made nothing of perjury, or Religion. For as Lucan hath it.
Souldiers neither Faith nor truth regard : sHli’s venal , that’s right where is rrojl reward .
By which variety of wits, manners and affections, it feems to me that the paffions and propenlions of every mans mind, are to be referred to many caufes. For though the obje&s, and the heart it felf, and the parts ordain’d for nutriment, and to ingender fp.irits, are the organs, and receptacles of the affe&ions, yet the humours within the body, immoderate heat, influence of the Stars, facul¬ ties of the Alements, cpalities of the Ayre about them, immode¬ rate ufe of Wine kindle the fire, and are the Seminaries of trou¬ bling the mind, and ftirring the paffions. Hence confider what hurt may come to reafon, and to the mind of man, where the or¬ gans, fpirits, and humours, have contracted any vice. For fo a man falls from his dignity, and becomes a beaft. Wffiich the kingly Prophet complains of , Man being in honour, is like the beafts that perith. For his reafon is e xtinguifhed, and the light of his mind is overwhelmed with vicious affections. For as lights and Gandies give lefle light, when they arefet in a Candleftick that is fowl and dirty: fothe mind of man darkned by the grofle- neffieofthebody, fhinesleffe, andis more flow in putting forth her telf; It is indeed natural for fanguin people to be merry, for melancholique ro be fad, for flegmatique to be dull and drowfy, for cholerique men to be angry .* But all thefe paffions are mode¬ rate, and lefle faulty where the humours are moderate, and are vitiated with no ftrange quality. But if their quality or abun¬ dance be augmented, or overpafle moderation, a man is affedted many wayes, and turn’d off from the ufe 01 realon. And though the Elementary qualities, and humours, and fpiritsimpofe none- ceffity upon any man to do this or that, nor yet do the afpedts of the Stars : Yet they have fo much force in moving the paffions, that men, though reafon flriveagainft it, arc run upon rocks by the tempefts of their paffions. For as is the diftemper of the Ayre and of the Sea, and as the violence of Wine drank overmuch is great 9 fuch is the violence of a melancholique or choleritk hu¬ mour, if it be overmuch augmented. And what man, if he look nearly into himfelf and fearch his own nature, will not prefently perceive turbulent motions, and paffions ? fo that fometimes he will be more angry, more froward, more envious,more lafeivious, qr more inclin’d to one or another paffion according to the di- flemper of the humours. And if the mind of tnan endure fuch changes, where thehumours do but a little degenerate from their
A Simile from a Torch.
When paffions arc mildeft.
The Stars and humours are violent y yet caufc no nccef -
fry.
All men are fubjeCi topaf- jioiis .
/
" ?* * * .V
fcfiap.i#. The humours and food do change the habit of the Body, 6 3
natural tempers, that in a moment the mind is hurraed with di¬ vers affections, what {hall we think will become of it, when they are proceeded to the height of milchief* and have foiled forcibly on the principal parts $ Examples and fad fpettaclcs of thefe things, are mad-mcn,lunatick, trantick, enraged, melancholique m and bod / people, and fuch, as their minds are alienated, or do dote or are in “fitted a delirium , for the difeafes of their bodies feizing upon toeir minds dotorment them with rerribleand learlull torments. Wherefore they that deiire to live in good health, and to be free from fuch mifehiefs, mult live temperately, lea ft their minds be darkned with the thick fmoak of the humours, and lo difquieted with ft range and abfurd Imaginations, and removed from their proper That ail scho- places. But this ltfton molt concerns thofe that manage publick lc,.s employments, and luch as are much given to their ftudies, becaufe me ancholl- thefe men commonly are troubled with melancholy, which hu¬ mour though it (harpen the mind, as Wine doth that is drank moderately, yet if it be overmuch increafed, or vitiated* it much offends the mind. ThatOofro chofe rather to be dull of wit, than ru^c r to be witty and melancholique. Some are by nature melancho- liquc, and molV men have contracted it from divers caufcs, that were by nature free from it. Many have come to this temper by Melancholy long continued ftudies, and unfeafonabie watchings. Others fall J^J**** ~
into it by fear, care, forrow* fadneffe: Many from the {toppings of their Emrods and monthly terms, or from feme ufual evacua¬ tion reftrainM ; who, when as their brain is filled with a black and dark fmokc, their mind is vexed with abfurd Imaginations, and is fo changed and forced, that fometimes men of good Jives and of great eitcem have been brought to fearfull ends thereby.
That a man would wonder there (hould be fuch great force and violence in a melaneholique humour, that if {hould overwhelm reafon, and take away a' mans underftanding. But as a thick dark A fmite f,om d cloud {hadows the Suns light, fo a melancholique humour dark- d^Tkcioud. neththe mind, and drives it on to many milchiefsi
The evil fpirits alfo mingle themfelves with ill humours, ' and efpecially with black eholer, becaufe that huiilour when it mxwhhme. exceeds Natures bounds, is mod fit to move us to any wiekedne ftc. imhotj.
For men of this conftitution conceive grievous and {harp paftions, and that laft long, for the contumacy of the humour, that will hardly melt and be diflolved. Whence it follow.es, that evill thoughts and apprehenfions (lay long in theirminds* which feme- times break forth into a&ion, that they fall foul upon tho{e they imagineabfird know, and thofe they know not, making no difference, and do tbinls . mifehief both toothers, and fometimes to themfelves. So the humours do afford fire-brands to cholerick men, but when they are angry they hurt others, and not themfelves. But that the caufe of thefe things confifts in the humours, and not in the wicked fpirits, though they help to trouble the humouts, may be collect¬ ed from hence, for that mad, melancholique, and frantique pet- fonsare wont to be. cur.ed by opening the emrods that arc itopped,
. / " and
*4
JL 6, Apb. il •
li. lU. vapours hurt the brain.
How Melon - cboly maybe driven out.
Vlrg. 3.
Georg,
The Mind mufl be undcrpropt by Gods Word.
3 Kyngsc.i}. Ch. 7.
We mufl not do violence to our
In Som. Seipt
Bel Judaic. 1.3,
The humours and food do change the habit of the body. Book 1.
and fo are reduced to better minds, thofe fuliginous fmokes of the humours being removed that did vitiate the imagination, and animal fpirits, as may appear by Hippocrates , his Aphorifm ; If the melancholique veins oremrodsrun in thofe that are mad , they are thereby cured , nature deriving the ill humours from the principal part to the parts more ignoble.
Again, the Emrods are healthfull for mad people, andfuch as are troubled with difeafes of the kidneys. For when that humour whether it be in the H'ypochondres , or the Spleen, or be heaped up in the whole body, or in any part, fills the brain with an ill and filthy exhalation, it caufeth fear, fadnefle, forrow, heavy groans, aftri&ion of the heart, ringings in the ears 5 and realon being opprefled, and the light of the mind extinguifhed, they begin to defpair, fometimes defiring death, fometimes fearing and ab¬ horring it. Wherefore,as Galen faith, when the Spring and Au¬ tumn begin, that humour muft be gently and by degrees purged our, by vomit, belching, purging downward, breaking of wind, by opening a vein, and by caufmg the Emrods, and courfes to run. And whofoever is fubjeft to this difeafe, he muft earneftly and with great care refill it, and muft by no means entertain Imaginations that falfly creep into his mind, at firft pleafing and amiable, but afterwards as they grow ftrong, they can hardly be refilled. • “ 2 *
A fault by hiding will the flronger grow,
Phyfick can cure that onely which we know,
* r
But if adverficies and misfortunes have brought on thismifehief, you muft oppofe againft it an undaunted courage of your mind, and fuppdrtyour fe If with Gods Word, and with confidence in him, and fo with theleffe labour you (hall overthrow thofe terri¬ ble phantafms and 7 reprelen$ations that a (fault you. For by thefe helps the moll ndblcHerbes have flood firm, who when all was come to be almoft pall recovery, and they defired to put an end to their miferies by death, yet the greatndle of their griefs could not overcome them. So Hehas in his affli&ions defired to die. So David fo often alfaulted by his enemies began to diftruft. So Job even in defpair chofe rather to die, and to end his life any way, than longer to endure i’o great miferies. Laftly, Chrift like one in defpair, and taking our caufc upon him, complains, that he was forfaken by his Father. But all thefe by the hope and aft fu ranee of better things call away all trembling and diftruft, look¬ ing unto God with a iteadfaft mind. But this, as Cicero faith, all men fhould be perfwaded of, that the Soul muft be kept in the cuftody and watchfulnefle of the body, nor muft it leave its fla- tion untill God command that gave it, left we fhould feera to re¬ ject fo great a gift of God. Wherefore Jofephus feems to (peak excellently, that what evil foever comes to us, wc fhould bear it with a cheerfull and undaunted courage. And let no man think
Chap. 15. The humours and food do change the habit of the body. 6 5
it lawful for him, to end his life bafely & beneath the worthy con¬ dition of Man, Sc appointment of nature. But if any man oy nation Mdancboiiqut of a difeafe, or alienation of his mind do come to an unhappy end, let no-man trample on men of fuch a conditioner cenfurc them too feverclyjbut let every one rather pity their cafc3and grieve for their milhap;for fince they were not well in their wits, and had loft their reafon Sc underftanding, their mind was tinned upfide down, and they were deceived and blind in the choice of things. For when the vertue of imagination is corrupted, abfurd things prefent them- felvcstoour minds, and we judge confufedly of things, and dif- courfe erroncoufly. For the like happens to our minds, as doth + to our eyes, where glafles a re looked through that are of many co- GUfft.™ lours, for through them all things feem to be blew or green, or red, or yellow, or of the fame colour alwaies as the Glafle is, fo that the objeCts appear in their lpecies otherwife then they are in themfelves. Hence men that arc drunk or angry think they fee ^bfeavounpj double objects, when there is but one. So thole thatare doting in Feavers, think they fee divers Hobgoblins, and the corrupt Imagi¬ nation and organs vitiated, prefent ftrange fanrafmes to the mind, by reafon of the agitation of ill humours, and the fpirits that pafie here and there, and wander upand down in the brain 5 wherefore corporeaifft* the fpirits and humours are of great efficacy in troubling the mind, rit*%rtbe and moving the affections, and wounding the confcience. But if m * they be lincere, and no way defiled, men are of a pleafing difpofi- tion, and not complaining and touchy. But if they be once ftain\l and troublefome, many palfions of the mind arife, and turbulent affections. Since therefore both Soul and body arc affeCted toge¬ ther; firft care muft betaken, tofweeten arid abate the troubles of the mind with pleafing words. For as the Proverb faith ; good fpeech is a Phjfitianfor a fick mind ; and fuch fnen muft be dealt f./. Tble f 'T_ withallas theoccafion ferves,asthe liftbit of thiSI body is, and the raged™ * qualities of the humours require, fof ai^wild beafts are tamed by mans induilry, fo their minds ftitift be pleafingly drawn, that will be enraged with harlh and ruff words. Yet fometimes, as for the difeafes of the body, incifions, caufticks, and burnings are ufe- full : fo fometimes we muft be more violent, and bridle fuch wick¬ ed actions by wholefome correcting fpeeches, unto which at fome¬ times when the noxious humour boyls over, they are wont to be tempted. And there muft be no leffe care taken for the body.
But let him remember that undertakes the cure, that he do not r'aife that humour with violent medicaments, but by degrees and eafily, and with as great dexterity as poffibly he can, for it is not good so exhauft that link all at once. For that humour ftirred, breaths forth a kind ofach in the back, and ill favour that difturbs the brain incredibly, that the mind conceives ftrange things. But firft the fpirits muft be raifed with fweet fmels and nofe-gays, and the body muft be fed with juice of the beft meats, and they muft fleeponfoftbeds. But wine nourifheth the fooneft of all things, and doth lea ft qffcnce to nature. Yet in giving wine, though it
M be
66
The humours and ( cod do change the hahit of the Body. Book h
' ~ i _ t
be the chief help to difcufs forrow, there mud be choice ufed, and care mud be had to prefcribe it fcafonably, and as each man’s choice of agC3 cuftomc of life, and the Country requires. For wine doth not alwayes drive forrow iromMelanchoijque people, tut fome- times it increafeth it , and exafperates the difcafe , efpecially where the body is full of ill humours. Wherefore the body mutt be firft emptied and purged with fir remedies, before any manner Aphor. of dyet be prefcribed. For impure bodies the more you nourifh them, the more you hurt them. For fince the nature of wine is ill mm rm- vari0US3 and there be many kinds, nor are all wines alike flrong, hie the wn . muftobfejrve to give the bed wine to drink, and that as is fea- foned with no offenfive thing ; for in Taverns and other fuch pla- ces where wine is fold, they are fophidieated, to the great difad- vantage of mens health, with quick Lime, Gyp, Bitumen, Clary* Rocket, and wild Myrcils. So fome kind of wines are fo far from curing melancholy, that they make it grow more, and be worfe than it was. Hence our Country people by drinking wines from PoiBouj that fend fharp vapours to the brain, become wayward, froward, angry, implacable,” that they will be alwayes angry, and will oft-times beat their Wives: which when they have drank Rhenifh wine, or fome flrong wines, they hold it Religion not to do, for then they are more pleafanr, and more ready to kifTe than to fight with them. Wherefore Melancholique weary thirfty people, that are dry of bodies, by Horace his Rule*
tl £pf iy. Muft drink what's good and pie af ant for to drink ,
That may abate all cares whereon they think. tAnd entring in the veins , may raife thetr mind T 3 lofty thoughts , and make their fpeech fo kind9 That they may Among Virgins ^Lovers find.
L 12‘ To which may be added that of pliny^ all fharpneffe of mind
ch* zf‘ is abated by fome fweet juice, it foferieth the paflage of the fpi- rit, and makes the way more eafie. Everyman may make ex¬ periment upon himfelf : For there is no man but fometimes he is much troubled with forrow, anger,grief. So when a man is wea¬ ry, thirdy, hungry, or hath watched too long, he is more prone Incur. to anger. So hunger and delay, as Plautus writes, makes a man take pepper in the nofe, but fo foon as he hath eaten his meat, he H Qndlcs growes quiet and is dill. Hence it is, that men that are full, are anger, ieffe fubjedt to anger than thofe that are empty. Becaufe the body moyftned with meat and drink is not fo dry, and the native heat being warm’d, the body is lefle fubjed to wax angry. For *he na-j turai faculties arc bufie about conco&ion, and yellow choler that ufeth to boy l over where men are fading, is qualified by the hu¬ mours mingled with it. So Cauldrons, Frying-pans, and fuch utenfils grow more hot, and fmell more offenfivcly when the li¬ quor, or fat that fwims on the top, is confumed by immoderate beat. For all things that want moydure or oyl, will dick to the
pot.
Cnan.^T 7.
Herbs are fuLi»El to change, .
67
poc, or lend forth often five vapours, fo tiiac mui lay uiuaily, Rcjt and boyl'd are taken out of the fame pot. Wherefore lean people, and terTwe/e^ i'uch as are of dry tempers lTiould do well not to tall over-long, but means iuai- eat fomething to retrefh natural heat. For the body growes dry &eftcd’ with unfeafonable tailing, which confumes the radical moyfturc, Fap utfoT of which we fpake clfewhere. leanfoifa.
CHAP. XVII.
% • X
Herbs are fubjett to change , and will lofe their forces and form > unhfje
they be drejs'ed continually .
Herbs -will de¬ generate and change.
,yiu^>
.tuu
UY.\
• a .1,.-
* A
Nittc'es ar!i-
M Any Phyfitians complain, that the deferiptions of Plants ue fa lie, and their vertues arc ufcftc&uai; and chat there many Plants obvious and common in former times, that if wc compare them with thefe of our times, ours will aniwer to them neither in name nor deferiptions 5 and therefore they fay they are other plants, though we tall them dill by the lame names. So our HyUbp, Beans, Cinquefoil, Valerian, Tyi, wiiear^
Provender, Rie, Amelcorn, t ey think not to be the fame, becaue they do not exactly agree with the deferiptions of the Antients.
For as I would defend no menserrours that are deceived in the choice and knowledge of Plants: fo I think that fofne men do not luftidenciy meafure all things by the fquare of reafon. For though in io great a change and variety of herbs all of them can¬ not be ranged into a certain Oaf is, nor can we give them a fit name that m ty anfwer the defeription of the Anne: ts ; yet we m if.lt not think t at they are other plants than what w. re dVfcribed, by the Antients, or of other operations than fuch as they fee down.
For Nature it felt gave a caufe for this Variety, it there be ary which daily changeth the form, and is luxuri ant in producing fe new manner of piants, that they feem to differ from thole they come from. To this may be added, the cunning of Hcrbarifis and Gardeners, that by mingling feeds, and by uling art about chum, have learned to make t. em grow more fair, and lovely to fight.
Hence comes that variety of colours in Plants, and Flower, whici is especially fen in Clove gclliilowers, that by the Gardners art my^n v.y grow fo full of variety, that they are nothing like to the d’eft-rtp- ■ beautifully tions of the Antients, and therefore lome think they know the tn not. So Caiathiana in Aurumn, Ecanthemumy blew-B r 1 1 c s that grow in corn, appear notonely of a blew colour, bu- ail'o white, red, purple, divers colour’d 3 fo that yellow Mar gold Virgil de- ferucson thefevcr.il Calends of each monc ch with a double Tow of flowers growing thick together, delights our eyes, growing in arouudle. Sojove\ flower ,ind Rofe Campion is with a fparkling 0lUlui ch-npi fcarlet colour, an 1 Jied with a thin purple fometimes, and fome- times it recreates our light with a colour white as flow, growing round with a various heap of leaves : after the fame manner do
M 2 flock-
1
’.Xo* * « T
68
Herbs are fubjeB to change ,