Part XIII

__54^ _ E T I C L
of Niitnre^ XXXVII. 'They are fometimes cited limply. Of Nature, fomtimes with the number of the Books, as when hereafter
in his Life, cites the I. the Xf. XII. XIV. XV. (j) Comment, (a)GaUn alfo mentions the Title and number or tn i.lib. Hipp. Books.
^chT I Of Atoms and Vacuum, fo ufually cited, {h") Cleo-
‘ ■ jKCMafeemeth to mean the fame under another
name, Of the Principles of all things.
Of Love.
An Epitome (f things appertaining to Natural Philo- fophers. This Epito^ne was twofold. Great and Little ,• both are cited by Laertius • the Leffer, that which is written to Herodotus,
Againfi the APegarick (or Dialet^ick) Philofo- phers, Dcuhts, Thefe Doubts feem chiefly to have concerned certain Mora! Arguments, as con¬ cerning Juftice, Marriage, and Dower: For this leemsto be the fame, which Laertlui, and (c) Adv. col. C^) cite Under the name of Doubts, with-
hb. I. out adding, To the Megaricks.
Kyeioi Maxims, or, as {_d) Cioero in-
Defn.Ub. terprets, Maximerata Sententia, becaufe, faith he, *■ they are Sentences - briefly exprefs d, which conduce cXt
(D De nat. de- H'ving happily. He (f) elfewhcre calls or. z. them JeleB, and jhort Sentences, (g) Sextus feems
(g) Adv. Phyf. to call them Memorable Sayings. Laertius hath put ^ pf d (^) ^tscian fomewhere
ii)ub. l^'^Acad. cooimends them, as {i) Cicero the Book of Grantor, which is, faith he, not Great indeed, hut Golden, and, as PaniEtius Tubero, to be gotten by
heart. He was in Opinion different from Suidas, v/ho calls them wicked Notions.
riieJ dsfUtioiv , Of EleBions, fo I conceive it ought rather to be rendred than of Seds ; be¬ caufe in this Book Epicurus (eems nottodefign a Hifiory of Seds, but Moral Inftitution, which is converfant about the Choice of things, as jL«- declares at the end of Tp/ewr^f’s Epiftle to Menaceus. Not to mention that he teacheth the Ethick kind to confilt only of Eledion and Avoidance. For which reafon, the Book, which is oidinrily and next to this cited,
n«e tituled, ngfli pfvdluy , Of things to be avoided ; as well for coherence of the Title, as for that Epicurus, almolf wholly taken up with Moral Philofophy , fcarce treated of any particular fubjed in Phyfick, unlefs they were fuch as con¬ duced to take away vain terrors from the minds of Men ; of which kind, this of Plants could not be. Moreover, becaufe in Manuferipts this Title is connexed to the former by the Conjundion j^, we may conjedure, that the infeription was , Tltes tc^noiap vkA puySv ^ or under a fingle' Title, n?ei d.i({i Of ElcElkn and Avoidance- Yet might the In¬ feription have been in the Plural number, for- afmuch as it is afterwards faid, EleBions and Avoidances are dijudicated from Pleafure and Grief.
Of the End ^ So this Book is generally cited, as {1) Adv. coh2. amongft others, by {k) Plutarch. Neither doth Cicero feem to mean any other, though he cite a Book Of the ends of Good and Evil.
Of the Criterie, or the Canon • or, as {I j Cicero (0 nat. dc- tranllates it, Of the Rule, and of Judgment. But if inftead of Judgment we render it Judicatory, the force of the word W'ill be more fully ex- prefs’d.
' ARJfS
Charedemm • or. Of the Gods. This is one o thofe Books, which Epicurus entituled by the Names of his Brethren and Friends, that, being dead, their Names might not be forgottervi as (w) Plutarch obferves, (m)De occ.-civ.
Of SanBity , or , Hegefanax. This perhaps is he, whom (») Plutarch terms, tiegetoanax,, (n) Mv.CtU. concerning whole Death, Epicurm wrote to his Parents 5 unlefs perhaps it were he who wrote Hiftories, and Troica, cited by (0) Athinausi(’)i^b.$.&9. for he was of Alexandria , and Epicurus had Friends out of v^gypt.
Of Lives, IV. Which is all one as if the In¬ feription had been. Of Life and Manners. Nei¬ ther doth EpicurusP^^vA in thefe Books to relate the Story of fome eminent Perfons, as Plutarch and Laertius have done in their Books of Lives, but to give Rules, whereby to lead a quiet Life, as may plainly enough be colleded from the Ca¬ talogue of the Moral Treatifes, and the Places cited out of this by Laertius. The word Lives feems here to be taken in the fameSenfe,as with {f) in Lyeurgt, ( p ) Plutarch, when he fpeakerh of the Difference of Lives and Politicks, which the Interpreter well renders, Of Manners and Publick Infiitutes. Of thefe Books, are hereafter cited by Laertim the firft and fecond.
Of . Jufi ABioa.
Neocles to Themifia. This feems to have been that Neocles who was Brother to Epicurus, not his Father j for in like manner he called other of his Books after the Names of his Brothers.
The Banquet, cited by ( ^ ) Plutarch, ( r ) Atbe- naus, and others, (^f) Plutarch mentions (r)i}eipn 5 ftions handled in it, concerning the heat of Wine, (f) Adv. Cef.x, the time of Coition. Laertius fioncerning trou- symp. quxfi. bles about Marriage, &c. 3- 3- '
Eurylochus to Metrodorus. I guels, that this Eurylochus was the fame with that Eurydkus, to whom, as we faid formerly, Epicurus writ ; but the thing is uncertain.
Of Seeing.
Of the -ingle, which is in the Atome.
Of Touching • or perhaps , Of the tangibility ef Atoms: for ( t) Epicurus called Vacuum ri drapit, iOAPud LuriL that which cannot be touched.
Of Fate.
OfPaffions. Sentences to Timocrates.
UeyfyafiKh, Pracegnitorium 5 fa 1 render it, be¬ caufe he feemeth in this to have difeourfed of the Precognitive Faculty.
Protreptick, ( Exhortatory) that is, Difeourfe j for fo ifocrates and Clemens, exprefly.
Of Images, hS'etSs.a, Simulacra, Imagines, Spe» cies, Fotma , SptBra ; fo feveral PerTons Vari- oufly interpret them, which arc now commonly termed Intentional Species.
Of Phantafie, or the Impreffion thereof,which appeareth in the knowing Faculty 5 for neither did Epicurus, nor moft of the ancient Phllofo- phers, underftand by this word, as we now for the moft part do, the Faculty it felf.
Arifobulus • this Book bears the Name ofEpF curus\ third'Brother.
of Mufick • viz. as it conduceth to Manners j for this may be colle: (w) Empiricus, (n)Adv,Matk..
Of
ART XIIL
■E T ICU \ U S.
CHAP. XII,
5'45
lo.
In Lex.
(e) Loc. cit.
The Manner of his Death', f ^
y '
s"
AS concerning his laft Sicknefs and Death, we rauft know chat Epicursss was of a Con- ftitution not very Itrong, This is implied even (a) lil>. by the fitle of the Book, written by {a) Me~ trodorus , Of the Infrmity (or Unhealthfuinersj of Epicurus. It is implied alfo by the envious exaggeration of {b) Suldas., that Epicurus could not endure to put on his Cloaths, nor to rife out of Bed, nor to look upon the Sun, and the Fire, and the like. Thele may at leafl: per¬ vade, that Epicurus was of a Complexion not Itrong, and as in the whole courfe of his Life, he had not a conftant health, fo at laft he died or a painful Difeafe, the Scone, whereof it is probable he had many Fits. («•) Laertius^ out of Hermachus., in his Epiftles, relates that he died of the Stone, ftopping his Urine, having lam lick 14 days.
It is memorable, chat being near death, he sj\ r, A ,-r Epiftle which haertius mentions, as
written to Idommeus ; (d) Cicero^ to Herma^ chus • perhaps it was fent to both, becaufe of the tJ ufiiui or »to Idomeneus , rather than to Hermachus^ hscaniQ the Children oi Metrodorus were fufficiently recommended to Hermachus, by his Will. Moreover, it is not likely that i/rr. tnachus^ his next Succefibr, was abfenc at that time, efpecially feeing he fent a relation of Epi curus s death in Letters ; not to prefs, that he from his Youth was more addided to Rhetorick ^an Philofophy , as appeareth from Laertim. The Lpiirie is this.
^ Leacing a moft happy life, and withal dying,
^ we writ this to you, feized by theStranguary ^ and Dyfentery beyond expreflion,* but all thefe ^ were counterpoized by the joy of mind, which ^ I conceive in remembring our Difeourfes and Inventions. But thou , as becomes the good ‘ will W'hich thou haft had from thy Youth to * nie, and Philofophy, take care of the Children ‘ of Metrodorus.
(e) Laertius adds, (out oi.Hermippm) that Epicure went into a Bath of warm Water, called for Wine, drunk it off, and exhorting his Friends to be mindful of his Dodrine, whil’ft he was difcouiTing, died. Upon which Laertius hath this Epigram :
(t) Lie. cit.
10.
• Parevsdy and bear my DoH-rine in your minds • Said dying Epictu us to bu Friends: *
Into a vsarm Bath goings IVine he ejurft^
And then from Piuto took a colder drauht.
CHAP. XIII.
The time of his Death.
EFicurus died in the 2d year of the 127th O- ^ lympiad , Pythsiratm being Archon. After ^T@-, which (a) Laertius cites out of
Chronology, Calmb„ rightly reads
i^e ordinary reading fsioc-n; being wanting, who wuld imagine ihae Eflmnj, bom in ihe lootli o ympiad, could die ih the loyrh. And indeed.
in which h.e is fuid
piad^.''''° “rth Olyra-
‘Jay of the year, in whicli
Tg or7k'"^‘i I ' a"' from Che tine
?i2 years, adding, rnar the death bf Epicurus
\ Where obferve , if the time of Pjilaro- TO be reckoned f om the 6cth Olympiad In which faith, he flourilbed / there will
‘'“'^70 years from thence to the death of £p,»TO, aridconfequently the account
roiwthis nKsna mull be taken bom tj-.e birth of
vratTfwbll° .
Now whereas ApJlodorus faith,* chat Epicurus lived 72 years, w-hich is confimied alfo by (Vjn n / Ocero faying, Jt always was irue, that Epictm-s '
Mdye, having lived 72 being
ted hv^o\ is commenfura*
ted by 9.) the laft, or yad year, is not robe
underftood as complear, for Epicurus liad but newly entred into ic, there fceing but thiee days over and above the 71 yeais,* for he was born on the 7th ano dy’d on the icth, of the month there being, between the time of his Birth, and his Death, 18 complete Olympiads except one year. Wherefore, this is in the fame *
m ** r ^ ^ and 1- cdy.
rli Lconrinejf.- ,
did hve 108 years, whereas M Ocero 10 bnr 107. Here ,s obfervable , the combarifoiH--
~ n.A i
lo.
but
/• — S.J Vt.^lViVClUiC ms ^
which (i) iHuu^rch makes between EwT/ and ‘‘'P
omicK f'oet (bon of Menander, and Father of ^
lived double the rime of Metredorus, that is 106
cf'he'^dHfT to {D-Laertius, {D Uh.
p. he adds, tliar the bophiftlduthved
Epicurus, cr\iov n ^Te/lov, more lhaa one Tliird • for if we take the number iewiil berheJUmJ
109 years. b?) in Lex.
1 fee not why the (o) Interpreter of C4- «»> ftould render Gunielion
oafcr for though there be Ibme Contioveilie about the order of the Greek months, yet Jlmll we not nnd any but make Game/ion the 6cii 7th, or 8th, fiom Hecatpmb^ecn ^ which Icein® ic cannot begin higher than 7„»e, certainly, G«,. lion will be far diftanc from OiJober. But hnee by many Arguments ft is evinced, that Gamelion IS the 7th from fAratoxW, it ought rather ,o be reduced to January. Now becaufe the aJ year of the 127th Olympiad began in Sum- mer, in the 444^d year of the yW/V7« period. the Camehon-oi that yeHr muft fall upon Janu-
ary.
(0) Hcrvetui.
544
E T K U S.