Part XI

a Latrt. b The Text feems to require to be thus fupplied.
c Lib. 3. c. 3.
d Ldirt,
CHAP. I.
HtS
(a ) r^Efto was of Elea ; AfoUodorus faith, he was X J Son of Tyrethus^ (Jb) but Tyrethm in¬ deed was father to Varmemdes, Zem was by nature Son of Tehutagoras ; by adoption, Son of Parmemdesj whom he heard and was much be¬ loved of him. faith, he was tall, and calls him the Ekatick Palamedes. He was a Perfon excellent, as well for Philofophy as Politicks ; his Writings being full of much Learning.
(c ) Valerius Maximus faith, he forfook his own Country, where he could not enjoy fecuricy and freedom, and went to Agrigentum^ which at that time was oppreffed with miferable fer- vitude, out of a confidence, that by his own wit and courage, he might deliver the People there from the favage tyranny of the Tyrant Phalaris\ and perceiving, that he was carried on more by a cuftomary way of rule, than found Counfel , he excited in the young men of the City, a defire to free their Country : which be¬ ing difcovered to the Tyrant , he called the People together into the Forums and began to torture him feveral ways, demanding of him, Who were privy to the confpiracy, befides him- felf ^ Zeno would not difclofe them, but names one that was moft in favour with the Tyrant, and reproving Agrigentines for their cowardice and timidity , raifed fnch a fudden courage in them, that they immediately fell upon the Ty¬ rant, and ftoned him to death. Thus not a fuppliant Prayer, nor pitiful Crying out, but the valiant Exhortation of an old Man , ftretch’d upon the Rack, chang'd the minds and fortune of the whole City.
But others relate this after a different man¬ ner. ( d) Satyrus in his Epitome of HeracUdes, faith, that confpiring againft Nearchusy or, as others, Dicmedm, a Tyrant, he was taken, and being queftion’d concerning the Confpirators, and the Arms he had convey’d into Lipara, he named all fuch as were friends to the Tyrant, as privy to the Plot, that thereby he might leave him deftitute of Affiftants; and further, tel- r ling him that he had fomething tofpeakin his ear, he bit him by the ear, and would not let go his hold, till they run him thorough, fuffer- ing in the fame manner as Arifi-ogitony who flew Hipparchus the Tyrant of Athens. Demetrius affirms, he bit off his Nofej Antiflhenes ve\titssy that having named all the Tyrant’s Friends, and being demanded by liim, Whether there were any more anfwered, Yes, Thou, that art the deftrudlion of the City. And then turning to the ftanders by, faid, I wonder.at your Cow¬ ardice, that you can endure to be flaves to a \
Tyrant, only* through fear of fuffering what I nowfuffer; which faid, he bit offhis Tongue, and fpit it in the Tyrant’s Face : whereupon the Citizens unanimoufly fell upon the Tyrant and ftoned him. Thefe relate the ftory after this manner 5 but Hermipppus faith, he was bray’d to death in a ftone- Mortar.
Befides his other Virtues, he had a magnani¬ mous contempt of great Perfbns, as well as He- raclidesy and therefore preferred his own Coun¬ try Ela, firft named Hjelay a Colony of the Phoccansy a little Town, only for that it brought forth honeft Men, before the pride and glory of the Athesnansy never travelling thither, but li¬ ving for the moft part at home.
It is reported of him, that being reviled, he appeared much troubled at it, anfwering one that reproved him for it. If I (hould be pleafed with reproaches, I xu’.d not delight in praifes.
He floufifiied in the 79th Olympiad.
CHAP. II.
His Jn-venticn of a Djalecllck.
ARiftotle { caqA by Laertius y and fa) Sex- a Ad/.
tus Empiricus ) affirms, that Zeno Eleates Math, was the Inventer of DialeSiicky as Parmenides of Rhetorick'y which (b) Galen Hkewife confirms, b Hid.' faying, Zeno is remembred as Author of the Eri- Phil, flick Vhilojophy. But the names of Eriflick or Dia- leiiick feem to have been later ; for, as ( c) La- c In £«- ertius delcribes the fucceffion of it, Euclid [who cUsl. was of Alegara 3 learning the Parmenidean Philc- Jophy y his Difciples were called Megarkks, after¬ wards Erifticks, lafly Dialecfticks ; which name Dionyfius the Carthagenian yfry? vave theniy for that they made differtations by way of Quefl ion and Anfwer'y that by the Parmenidean Philofophy , he means no other than DialeSltck, may be evinc’d from Sextus Empiricus y who alledgeth, that Par¬ menides feemeth not to have been ignorant of Dia- le Difeipky invented it. Hence perhaps may Cicero be explain’d, who, for this reafon feems to in¬ clude the Eleatick Philofophers, under d;e tide \of(d) Megarkks, who had, faith he, a noble Di- Acad. 4 \fciplin.-, of which as I find it written, the Prince ■{or Author) was Xenophanes lately mentioned.
Then did Parmenides and Zeno follow him ; fo they ' were named Eleatick Philofophers, ' from thefe. Af¬ terwards Euclid, Difciple 0/ Socrates, a Megare* an, from whom the fame were called Megaricksj v->bo held. That only to he good, which is one and ihe fame, and like, and always. Thefe alfo borrowed much from Plato, being called, from Menedemus, Eretriacks, for that he was an Eretrian. Thus Cicero.
C H A P.