Part IX.

together with other fpoilsj to ArgiveT^^o in her Temple at IAycen£)jor hefaid, That at his rsiur/t from Troy, he' had dedicated that Shield to Apollo, if 'being then old^ and nothing remaining hut the Ivory jiock. As foon cu Hermotitnus died^ be became Pyrrhus, a tijherman of Ddu.^-., and a- gam rememhred all things., hoio he had been fir ft vSthalides., then Euphorbus , then Hermotimus,-
CHAP. X.
The feparate life of the Soul.
(a)'^HE Soul hath a twofold life, Separate, (4) 5rot. phyf. X ' and in the Body ^ her faculties are other- , in aninia., othsxvi'TQ in animali.
'andlaftly Pyrrhus. When^^i\\\i's> died he became \ (^) The Soul is incorruptible *, for when it goes
Pythagoras, and remembred all that we have 1 out of the body, it goes to the Soul of the world,
Others relate, that he faid, he had been, /ry?, Eu--I which is of the fame kind. n , r
phorbus Secondly., Aithalides ^ Hermoti I {c) When (he goeth out upon the earth, IherO
fourthly, and lafily, Pythagoras, walketh in the air like a body. Mercury is the
. keeper of fouls, and for that reafbn is called uoy.- ' ,f l
and m^euG-^ and x66w©-, becaufe he brings
mus:
(f)Agell.^.ii. (p) Clearchus 2iUil Dicaarchus, that he had been fir ft Euphorbus ^ then Pyrander ^ then Calliclea •, then a beautiful Curtezan>, named Alee, fq) Tor this reafon, o/j// Homer' j he did efpecial-
ly praife thefe, and fet them to the Harp, andeften repeat them- ds his own Epicedium.
(q) Pirph.Jitm. cap. 14.
(r) Lib. 1 5.
As by fome hand, a tender Olive fet In a lone place, near. a fmooth Rivolet. Fairfhefhoots up, and, fann’don every fide Ey amorous winds, difplays her blooming pride •, Until fome churlifti unexpefled guft Plows up her root, and buries her in duff. '
So by Alcides flain Euphorbus lay, ' Stretch’d on the ground, his Arms the Viftor’s
(prey.
Hence in hisperfon, (r) Ovid.
TTiVSy
iouls out of bodies in the Earth and the Sea ^ of which, rhofe that are pure, he Icadeth into an '
high place •, the impure come not to them, nor ' ’ to one another, but are bound by the Furies in indiffoluble chains.
(d) The Pythagoreans affirmed, that the fouls of (ft) r/wf.qua;' the dead neither caji a fnadow, nor wink ; for that it is the Sun which caufeth the lhadow. But he who enters there, is by the law of the place de¬ prived of the Sun’s light which theyfignifiein that fpeech.
S) Pythagoras held, th2X Earthquakes proceed (e)AEl{an.nx» from no other caufe, but the meeting of the dead. 1“^* 4*
(s) Englifhod by my. Uncle Mr. Sand)s.
('j)O you, whom horrors of cold death affright, W hy fear you Styx ^ vain names, and endlefs night. The dreams of Poets, and feign’d miferies Of forged Hell ? Whether lalt flames furprize,
•Or age devours your bodies, they not grieve,
Nor fuller pains-' Our Ibuls for ever live.:
■ Yer evermore their ancient houfes leave To live in new, which them, as guefts receive, r In Trojan Wars, I (I remember well)
Euphorbus was, Panihetfs fon, and fell By Menelqus Lance: my fhield again At Argos late I faw in funds fane.
All alter, nothing finally decay.s ;
Hither and thither ftill the'fpirit ftrays, iGueft to all. bodies, out ofbeaftsit flies To men, fk>m men.ro beaftsy and never dies.
As pliant wa^ each ilew impteffion takes,
Fixt to noiform, ’ but ftill the old forfakes.
Yet is the fimie : lb fouls the fame abide,
Though various fpecies their reception hide.
Then left thy greedy belly fhould deftroy (I prophefieydepreffed pfoty.
Forbear t’expulfe thy kindreds Ghofts with food By death procur’d, nor nourifh blood with blood.
'A'--
SECT. V. Medicine.
TO Phyfick we fhall annex, as its immediate cohfequent, Medicine. Apuleias affirms, that
Pythagoras learnt the Remedies and Cures ofDif- eafes of the Chaldeans, haertius , that he negle£led not Medicine. ( d) JElian, that he ftudi- Oft Var. luft. cd it accurately. Jamblichus, that the Pythagoreans ^2. efteem it not the leaft of the.. Sciences. Laftly,
(b) Diogenes relates of P>’/Zjf7^i?w,thatwhcnfoever(i) Porpb, his friends fell into any indilpolition of body, he cured them.
(c) Uealth-Pythagoras defined, The confifience (cj Laert. of a form. Sicknefs, The violation of it.
t.
CHAP. I.
Dieetetich
(t) p. Neither' did> he inftance himfelf only, but ('G .cap. many others aifo in mind cf the accidents of their former life, how they had lived, before their fouls were confined the fecond time to the body. («)Pag. 31. This hedid (i^dds (u) Porphyrins) to thofe, whofe (x) Jambxip. fouls were rightly purifi d-, fuch was (x ) Millias^ 28. pjg. Crotona, whom he caufed to call to memory, that
Midas fon of Gordias. Whereupon Millias Epire, to perform fome Tuner al
rites, as he appointed.
an,
.V .
(a) Medicine, the Pythagoreans chiefiy appli- (a)Jamh. cap.
V_./ ed themf elves totbe DUtetick part, pag. i47»
vdere mofi exaft in that • and endeavoured firfl to * underfiandthe proportion, not only of labour, but like- wife ef food and refi. Then concerning the dreffing of fuch meats, ^ey were almofi the firfl who en¬ deavoured to comment and to define.
(b) Torafmuch as Diet doth much conduce to good((' ft Jamh, Inf ti tut ton, being wholefom and regular. Let tss ex-^^^^' amine what he decreed therein. Of meats, he abfo- lutely difallowed fuch as are flatulent, and dif order the body ■, on the contrary, he approved and command¬ ed thofe which confirm and unite the conftitution-, whence he judged Millets to be a convenient food.
But he alfo wholly forbad fuch meats as are not ufed by the gods, becaufe they feparate us from the corre/pondence which we have with them. '
Likewife he qdvifedto abftain from fuch pieats ’
ns are e f teemed f acred, which deferve a refpeU, and are nothing convenient for the ordinary ufe of mein.
What*
Part. IX.
PTT H AGO K AS.
409
^Pytba-
gorifts.
lyhatfoever MeatschsiruBed Divhintiov, or ivtrc prejudicial to the purity and janBity of the wind, or to Temper ante, nnd habitual Virtue, he advijed to fluin : As alfo thofe which are contrary toVurity, and defile the Imaginations which occur in (leep, and the ' other Purities of the Soul, he rejeBed and avoided. Thefe Rules concerning Diet he prelcnbed generally (ThePy-?o c ) allperjons, but wore particularly to Phtlofi^ thagorifts. i^d), who are wofi addiBed to contemplation of
Jublimefi things. He denied at once all juperflu- “ ous meats as were unlawful to be eaten, not permit¬ ting them at any time to feed on that which had life, or to drink Vine , or to facrifice to the Gods any living creature, or hurt any of them 5 but commanded with all exaBnefs, to prejerve the ju/i ice which belongs even to them. In this manner he lived himfelf, abfiaining from the fit of living creatures, and worfnpptng un¬ bloody Altars, and both taking care, that others fhould not put tame heafis to death, andhimjelf making the favage tame, and moderating and infiituting them both by words and aBions j but by no means would , punijh or kill them.
He likewije commanded civil Law-givers to ab- Jlain from the p(h of living creatures, becaufe.it bc- koveth them who would make uje of the heighth of ju- ' . fiioe, no way to injure living creatures, which are of
Affinity with us. For how can they perfwade other men to do jufi things, who themfelvcs are tranfported by Avarice to feed on living creatures, which are of Affinity with us, allyed, in a manner, to us, through the community of life, confifiing of the temperament and ccmmifiicn of the fame Elements.
But to ( e) others, whofe life was not extraordina¬ ry pure, and jacred, and Philofopfoical, he prefcribed a certain time for Abflinence. To thofe be decreed, That they fhould not eat the Heart: That they fhould not eat the Brain. And thefe are prohibited to all Pythagoreans ; for they are leaders, and, as it were, feats and houfes of wtfdom and life. But thefe were confecrated by the nature of the divine word.
In like manner he prohibited Mallows, as be¬ ing the firfi AJeffenger and Interpreter of Cekftial AffcBions, and as I may fay ) Compaffions towards men.
Liktwife he commanded to abfiain from the Me- lanure, [ a fifti fo called from the blacknefs of its Tail] becaufe it is peculiar to the Terr efirial Dei¬ ties.
He forbad alfo the Erytbrine, for the like Rea- fons.
Alfo to abfiain from Beans, for many Reafons, di¬ vine and natural, referring to the Soul.
(f ) The Pythagoreans at Dinner ufed Bread and Honey. Wine they drank not ( betwixt
■ Meals. ) At Supper, Wine, and Maza, and Bread, and Broth, and Herbs, both raw and boiled. They likewift fet before them the Flelh of Sacrificed Beafts. They feldome eat Broths of Filh, becaufe fonie of them are in Pome refpeds very hurtful , likewife (feldom) the Flefh of fuch Creatures as ufe not to hurt Mankind.
( g ) As concerning the Diet (^Pythagoras him¬ felf, his Dinner confifled ( h ) of Honey-Combs, or Honey, his Supper of Bread made of Millet, and [ ( i } his Opfonium] of boiPdcr raw Sallads, very feldom of the fifh of facrificed ViBims, and that not prumifcuoujly of every part, ( j [ and feldom of Sea-filh.j
f Iambi. cap.
Athem. de. ipn. 10.
g Porfh. P3g.22. hSo L*tr tius alfo. i Laert.
k Laert.'
( I ) When he defigned to 20 iuto the private places 1 Porph. of the Gods, and to JLiy there a while, be ufed for the mofi part fuch meats as expelled hunger and thirff.
For the expelling of hunger, he made- a compofiticn of the feed of Poppy, and Selame, and the skin of the Sta-Onycn well wafh’d, till it be quite drain d of the outward juice ; of the Flowers of the Daffidil, and the leaves of Mallows, of Paft of Barley and Pea : of all 7vhich taking an equal weight, and chopping them fmall, he made up into a Alaffe, with Hy melt tan Homy. Againfl thirfl, he took of the feeds of Cow- cumbers, and ihefullcfi dried Raifins, taking cut the kernels, and the Flower of Coriander, arid the feeds of Mallows, and P urfc lain , and J craped Chceje,
AJeal and Cream:, thefe he made up with wild Homy.
This Diet, he (aid, was taught to Hercules, by Ceres, when he was fent into the hybian defarts.
CHAP. II.
Therapttick.
F I^HE Theraputick part Phythagoras pra(5lirecl I by Cataplafm^ , Charms , and Mufick.
( a J The Pythagoreans Jambiicus j ^ Cap.
treated chiefly of Cataplafms ; but Potions they lejs ef eemed. And of thoje they ufed only fuch as were proper •againfl Ulcerations ; hut Inctfion, and Caute- rijing they abjolutely dtj allow d.
Magical Herbs, faith ( bj Pliny, werefirfl ce- ^ Lib. lehrated in our part of the World by Pythagoras, following the Magi. ( c ) YAc firfi wrote a Treat tje f. pi.;„, of their Virtues, ajjigning the Invention and Ori- a. ginal to Apollo and yTfculapius, Immortal Gods.
id) Coriacefia, isibJ Callicia, Pythagoras 24. affirms, that water will be turned into ice, the men- j 7. tton whereof I find not, faith Pliny, in others, nor in him, any more concerning them.
(e) He likewije fpeaks o/'Menais, which he alfo tPlin hc. calls by another name, Corinthas 5 the juice whereof cit, boiled in water, he faith, immediately cures the hi- '
ting of Serpents, fomenting the fart therewith. The fame juice being fpilt upon the Grafs, they who tread upon it, or are befprinkled therewith, die irrecovera¬ bly : a flrange Nature of Poyfon, except againfl Poy- fon.
(f) There is an Herb called Aproxis, by the fame f pim. loc. Pythagoras, tfse Root whereof takes fire at diflance, cit.
as Naptha, of which, Jaith Pliny, we have fpoken in the wonders of the Earth. The Phythagoras -
relates, That if any Difeafe fhall happen to men whenehe Aproxis is in its Flower, although they be cured, yet fhall they conflantly have jome grudging thereof as often as it blows : and P/heat, and Hem¬ lock, and Violet, have the fame quality. I am not ignorant, adds Pliny, that this Book is by feme afcribed to Cleemporus, the Pkyfician ; but perti¬ nacious Fame, and Antiquity, vindicate it to Py¬ thagoras.
(g) Pythagoras r/itf Thilofopheroirote alfo one Vo- gp/iw. 19. lume concerning the Sea-Onyon, coileBing the Aledi- S* cinal properties thereof, which Phny profefiTeth to
have taken from him, hb. 20. And (i/again, ^Llb. he faith, Pythagoras affirms, that a Sea-Onyon, bung over the Threfhoid of the Gate, hinders all ill Medi¬ caments from entring the heuje.
Likewife, Coleworts ( as (i) Pliny relates ) were rLib. 20. much commended by Pythagoras. He adds ( k) that ^ ^9.^ concerning the white kind of the Eringo, (by the Ro¬
G gg
mans
k Lib. 2 3. c. 9.