Part VIA.

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DIOGENES-
('aj Laert. vit. Dkg.
lOO E E S was born at Se- leucia., he vvasSirnamed thcB^z^y- lonian.^ fron\the Vicinity of that place. ' He was Difciple of Chry- Jlppus, and is ftiled by Cicero an eminent and Ic- De m.-2 iiofiN Syoick. (b) Seneca relates, That dif- sS- cbUi-ling earneftly concerning Anger, a foo-
lilh Yo'ung Man ftandirlg by, fpat in his Face,
which he took meekly and difcreetly, faying, / am. not Angry but a?n in doubt whether I ought to be fo or not. He was one of the three that was fent from Athens on Embafly tb Rome ^ of which already in the Life of Carneades.^ who Icarn’d Dialeftick of him. faith, he li¬
ved to a great Age. Amongft other things, he wrote a Treatife of Divination.
(C
ANTIPATER.
Pa J Laert. fbj De Offic.
9-
A
NTIV AT E R was of Sidon, Difciple CO (^) Diogenes the Ba¬ bylonian .^Cicero calls him a moft acute Perfon Seneca.^ one of the Cej Plut.de gteat Authors of the Scoical Se£t. {c) He Garrul. declined to difpute with Carneades.^ but filled his Books with Confutations of him, whence he
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was called The clamoroi^ Penman.
(d) Hedifputed much againfl thofe who affertedf nothing. Befides other things, he writ two ^ Books of Divination, {e) Cicero at the latter it
end of his fecond Book of Offices^ faith, heDivm. /!i. then was lately dead at Athens.
P A N T T I U S.
-LA
.S.i
.i
fa) sty ah. I (a)
4-
P
AN .oTTIUS was of Rhodes., his Anceftors eminent for Martial Af- r- j B Dirs and Exercifes. He was (h)
Divin. lib. i. iJifciple to Antipater, intimate
(c) Plut.Apofh. Friend to (c) P. Scipio Jfricanus, whom he ac¬ companied in his Journey to Alexandria Cicero pi) Acad. calls him, {d) Almojl Prince of the Stoicks., a 4- Perfon extreamly Ingenious and Grave, worthy
the familiarity of S-ipio and Laelius. ck. Tufc.quafl. He was a great Admirer ot. Plato, whom e- very where he calleth. Divine., moji Wife., moji Holy , the Homer of Philofophers. But his Opinion of the Immortality of the Soul, he approved not , arguing thus ; Whatfoever is generated , diethy but Souls are genera¬ ted , as is manifeft from the likenefs of thofe tliat are begotten, to their Parents, not
T Tf
lib. I.
only in Body, but in Difpofition. His other Argument was. There is nothing that is grieved or pained, but is fubjeft to be Sick ^ whatfoe¬ ver is fubjeft to Sicknefs, is likewife fubjeft to Death ; Souls are fubjefl: to Grief, therefore they are fubjeft to Death. . ^ ^
He alone rejebled Aftrological Predi£l:ions,c/c.* and receded from the Stoicks, as to Divination yet would not pofitively affirm there was i.
fuch Art, but only that he doubted it.
He wrote three Books of Offices, much com- '
mended by Cicero.
Lipjius Conjectures be died old, becaufe G- cero affirmeth out of Pofidonius, that he lived thirty Years after he had written his Books of Offices.
Strab. lib.
POSIDONIUS.
OSIDONIUS was born at -d/Jcwalferioufly and copiou fly upon this Sub je£l, as he in Syria. He lived at Rhodes, and lay in his Bed, That nothing is good, but what is
there, managed civil Affairs, and taught Philofophy. Pewpey in his return from ck.Tuf.qu.l. Syria, went to PW^iLpurpofcly to hear him, and coming to his Door^ 'forbad the Liftpr to knock, as was the Cuflom ^ but he (faith Pliny) to whom the Eaft and Wefi had fubmitted, hmi- felf fubmitted his Pafscs at this Gate. But ‘ un- derftanding that ho ,\yas very Sick ,of a great Pain in his Joynts, ‘ he rcfdlved only to give him a vilit. At his firft: Coming and Salutation, he told him with much Refpeft, that he was ex- trcamly forry he could not hear him. Pofi- donius anfwcr’d , ToU may, for. no corporeal Pain Jhall make, me frufl rate the coming of fo great a Perfon : And thereupon he diicourfed
Honefl. And as often as his Pain took him, he would fay. Pain, it is to no purpofe ■, thd‘ thau art. troublefome, I will never ackonwledge thou art III. , r
He made a Spear, wherein were all the Con- Ck. denat. verfions of the Sun, Moon and Planets, ex- C>eor.iib. a.' a£lly as they moved in the Heavens every day and night. _
Of his Writings are cited by Cicero, BvcDe dhinaA ^ Books of Divination as alfo five Books of the Nature of the Gods. *
Thus far we have a continued Succefliom of che Stoick Philofophers, the laft School, accord¬ ing to Laertius's Difpofition, of thole that were defeended from Thales,
The End of the Eighth Part,
345
r
Francis
Ad\^ancement of Learning,,. Lib. 5. Sed. 5.
S for tfjePlacHs ofAncknt Philofo^hers^ Sis were tliofe of Pythagoras^ Phi- IvUhs, Xenophon^ Anaxagoras, Parmenides, Leucippus, Democritus, and others, (which men ufe difdainfully to run over) 5 it will not be amifs to caft our eyes with more reverence upon them. For although Ariftod e ' (^after the manner of the race of the Ottomans) thought Jie could not fafely reign, unlefs he made avpay all his Brethren jQt to thofe who feriouny propound to ihemfelves the inquifition and illuftration 01 Truth, and not Dominion or Magijlrality, it cannot but feem a matter of great profit, to fee at once before them, the feveral Opinions of feveral Authors touching the Natures of things. ^ Neither is this for any great hope conceiv’d, that a more exa6: truth can any way be'^xpeded from thefe or from the like Theories : For, asthefameP/^ fied upon the Aftronomical Principles, both of Ptolomy, and Copernicus : So the popu¬ lar experience we imbrace, and the ordinary f^^e of things, may apply it
fel f to many feveral Theories ^ wh^eas a right inveftigatipn of T ruth requires ano¬ ther manner of feverity and fpeculatibn. ¥or SLS'Ariflotle faith Elegantly, That Chil¬ dren atfirjl indeed call all men Fathers, and rvomen Mothers but aftervoards they di- ftinguifj them both: So certainly eiqperiencedn Childhood, will call every Philofophy, Mother ^ but when it comes to ripenefs, it will difcern the true Mother. In the mean time it is good to read over divers Philofophkir,a^^ytxs GlolTes upon Nature ^ where¬ of, it may be, one in one place, anothejTn)anQ|hei7 is more corredted : Therefore I could wilh a Collection made, but witjh diligeigce and judgment, De AntiquisPhilofo- phiis, out of the lives of Ancient Philpfophers ^ ©St of the Parcels of Plutarch^ of their Placits' out ofthe Citations of Out oFthd' Confutations of Ariflotk'^ out of
a fparfed mention found in other Books, as wel^^of Chriftians, as of Heathens, (as outofLadhantius, Philo, Phihfiratus,'^knd ihe re#J): fir I do not yet fee extant a workofthis Nature. But here I muft give warning, that this be done diftindly, fo as the every one fever’dly, be compofed and continued, and not collected
by titles and handfuls as hath been done by Plutarch. For' every Philofophy, while it is entire in the whole piece, fupports it felf-., and the Opinions maintained therein, give light, flrength, and credence mutually one to the other-., whereas if they be fimple and broken, it
will found more f range and dijfonant. In truths when I read in Tacitus the Adtions of. Nero, or Claudius, invefted with Circumftances of Times, Perfons, and Induce¬ ments, I find them not fo ftrange, but that they may be true : But when I read the {a.me hCtionsm Suetonius Tranqu$u^vc^Yekntedhy Titles and common Places, and notin order of Time, they feem motiftfous, and altogether incredible. So is Philo- fophywhen it is propounded entire 5 and when it is f iced and articled into fragments.
M .0 N T A I G N E, E.Jfays^ Chap. 1 1.
How much do I defire, that, in my life-time, either fome other, or Juftus Lipfius, the mojl knowing perfon that is left us, of a mofi polijhed and Judicious wit, truly allied to w^Turnebus, had both the will and the health, and leifure enoUgh to coUeU- in one Regh
fier, according to their divipons and their clajfes,fincerely and curioufiy, as much as we can fee thereof, the opinions of the ancient Philofophy, upon the fubjeH of our Being, and of our Manners, its Controverfies, the credit and fuccejjion of its Sells, the application of the Dfe of the Authors and followers, to their precepts in memorable and exemplary ac¬ cidents ! What an excellent and profitable work^wonld this be I
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