Part VI.

ANT I ST H EN E S.
2
79
Man deferves to be loved, and never linneth, and is a Friend to fiich as are like him, and truft- eth nothing to Fortune.
The^took away with Arijlo the Ch 'um^ all things between V irtue and Vice,
• C H A P. III.
Hi'S Apothegms.
laert. Apothegms are remembred thefe. He
proved Labour to be good, by the Exam pies of Hercules and Cyrus^ one a Grecian^ the * other a Barbarian.
He firft defined Speech thus. Speech is that which declareth that which is or was.
To a young man of Ponius that came to be his Dilciple, and asked him what he rauftbrjngvvith him, he anfwered,B/^A/itsi8 x-etm, ^
'wiva.y.iTU uttivi-i a ncwBook, a new Pen, and a new Tablet, where the word is is equiyo- cal, and fignifieth divided(divided Wit.
To one, demanding what kind of Wife he fhould take ^ If a fair one^ faith lie, fhe imll be common ^ if foul., a tortnent.
Hearing that Plato fpoke ill of him^ it is King- faith he, to do well., and be ill fpoken of
Being initiated into the Orphick Solemnities, the Prieft telling him, that they who were initia¬ ted into thofe Rights, were made partakers of many excellent things in the next World ; Why then., faid he, do you not, die ?
To one tliat reproached him that both his Pa¬ rents were not free ^ Neither, faith he, were they both Wrejilers, and yet lama Wrefller.
Being demanded why he had tew Dilciples, I beat them away, faid he, with a Silver Staff.
Being denaanded why he rebuk’d his Difciples fo fharply •, So, faith he, do Phyficians the Sick.
Seeing an Adulterer running awajr, unhappy Alan, Ikid he, hoii) much danger might you have ejeaped for one halfpenny.
He faid according to Hecaion, It is better to fall among Crovos than Flatterers 5 for thofe only devour the dead, theff the living.
Being demanded what was mod happy for Man, he anfwered, To die in Prof peril y.
To a Friend, complaining he had loft his Notes i Tou fhould have writ them in your mind., faith he, and not in your Book.
■ As Ruff confumeth Iron,fo Envy, faith he, con fumeth the Envious Alan.
Thofe zvho would never die, faith he, muff live Piouffy and Juffly.
He laid. Cities were then periffnng, when they could not dtffinguifh the good from the bad.
Laert, stob. Being commended by fome wicked men-, I am troubled,Tdiih he, to think what ill I have done.
He faid. The cohabitation off concording Bre¬ thren is firmer than any Wall.
He faid. We ought to carry ffuch provifion along with us, as if we fhould happen to be ShipwrecEd, we might fwim away with.
To thofe who reproached him for converfing • with wicked Perfons, $0 do Phyficians with the Sick, faith he, yet are not fick themfelves.
• He faid. It is abfurd to feparate Corn from the Weeds, and in War to rejetl the unferviceable P erf on yet in a Commonwealth, not to extirpate the Wicked.
Being demanded what he had gain’d by Philo- fofophy, he anfwered. That I can converfe with my fe lf
At a Feaft, to one that faid to him. Sing he TQfi[y*d,Po you then Pipe.
' demanding a Codt, lie bad hifn dou¬
ble his Cloak.
Being demanded what Learning was moft ne- ceflary, that, faith he, which unlearneth ill.
He advifed thofe who were provoked by revi- lings, to bear it with greater Fortitude, than if Scones were caft at them.
He derided as being proud* and feeing at a Show a Horfe going loftily,turningto, Flato\
Methinks, laid he:, you would have ailed the Part of this Horfe very well. This he fiid, becaule Plato at the fame time had commended the Horfe.
Anothe time VTitmgfl'ato as he lay fick, and looking intotheBafin whereinto hehad vomit¬ ed, I fee here, faith he, theCholerpbut not the Pride. ,
He advifed the Athenians to love Afles as well as Horfes, which they conceiving abfurd -, and yet, faith he, you choofe thofe for Generals, who know nothing, but how to ftretch out the hand.
To one that faid to him, many praife thee ^
Why, faith he, , what ill have 1 done ?
To one that demanded(as PA^w/V/r faith) what he fhould do to be a good and an honeft man :
If you learn, faith he, of knowing Perfons, that the Vices which yoil have, are to be avoided.
To one that praifed a life full of delicacies Pet the Sons of my Enemies, faith he, live deli¬ cately.
To a young man who defired his Statue might . be made handfomer than himfelf; tell me,faith he, if the Brafs it felf could fpeak, what you think it would boaft of? the other anfwered of its handfome Figure ; Are youafhamed then, re- ply’d he, to be proud of the fame that an inani¬ mate creature would he ?
A young man of Pont us promifed to fupply him, affoon as his Ship came home laden with Salt-Fifh j hereupon he took him to aMeal-wo- man,and filling his Satchel, departed ^ fhe calling to him for h^doney. This young man, faith he,- will pay you as foon as his Ship comes home.
When at any time he faw a Woman richly drefied, he went to her Houfe, and bad her Husband bring out his Horfe and Arms, that if he were fo provided, he might allow her thofe freedoms, being better able to juftifiethe injuries' it cccafioned -, otherwife, that he fhould takeoff her rich habit, _ _ ,
He laid. Neither d Feaff is pledfint without 1,
Company, nor Riches without Vertue.
He laid, Thofe Pleafures which come not in at stob. the door, muff not go out by the door, but by Inci- fion or Purging ivith Hellebore, or by ^ Starving, ^ ser. 44. fo to punifh thofe Suifeits which we have incur re d for a fhort pleafure.
He faid, Whofoever feareth' others, is a Slave, though he know it not himfelf.
He faid, No Covetous Alan can he a good Alan, ser. 53. or a King, or d F'ree-nian. _ ^
Being demanded what a Feaft is, he anfwer d, 5^,
The occafion of Surfeits,
He faid We ought to aim at fuch pleafures as Ser. 117,' follow labour, not at thofe which go before labour.
He faid Common Executioners are better than ser. 148. Tyrants thofe put only guilty Alen to Deatb,Ty- ^ rants the innocent. He
28
o
ANT I St HEN ES.
Part.
Vl
Ser. 171-
He Hid Wc oui^ht to iv'ijh our Enemies all good ' thngs hiaEcrlitude, for that they pfefs twuld fall into the hands of the Vihlor , not the owner, him that coniradilleib, he faid, we muft not a- l S^r. 212. contraMfut inf ruil •, for a mad mants not
cured by another'' s growing mad alfo. m. rep.Stok. He laid,il man^kculd always have in readinejs ' his IVits or a Rbpe.
riut. vie. Lyc. ' Seeing the Thebans much exalted wth their fuccefs at the Lu8;rian Fight : he faid,T/j.?j were like Boys that Triumph when they have beaten their Majiers. _ _
Flut. vit. Per. To fome that commended a Piper ^ B///-,taith he, he is an ill man ^ for elfe he would never have
His Writings.
iF his Books, *-laith Laertius^ there are ten Tomes.
The frfi containing thefe.
Of Speech^ or of Charabiers.
Ajax, of the Speech of Ajax, lllyfles, or of Ulyfles.
An Algology for Orelles.
Of Lazvybrs.
iib'graphe, or Defiasft?/' liberates. Againft liberates^ 'Ay.d,^vsyv.
The feeond Tome.
Of theiNature of Animals Of Trocr cat ion oj Children, or of Alar- riagc' Erotick.
Of Sophifts, Thyfiognomick.
Of JufTice and Eortitude, Trotreptick
o
2, 3.
Of Theognis.
The third Tome.
Of Good.
Of Eort 'itude.
Of Law, or of Tolicy.
Of Law, or of Lair and JuJl.
Of Lreedom and Servitude.
Of Faith*
Of a Guardian, or of Trujiing.
A Victory, Oeconomicks.
Ther fourth Tome.
Cyrus.
Hercules the greater, or of Strength.
The fifth Tome.
Cyrus, or of a Kingdom.
Afpafia.
Ths fixth Tome.
Truth.
Of Dijfertation, Anti-Logick, Sathon, of Contradiblon 3.
Of LialcWick.
The f eve nth Tome.
Of DifeipHne, or of Karnes 5.
Of Dying.
Of Life and Death.
Gf things after Death.
Of the ufe of Karnes, or Erifiick. Of Interrogation and Anfwer.'
Of Opinion and Science 4 .
Of Nature 2.
Interrogation concerning Nature 2. Opinions, or the Erifiick.
Froblems concerning Learning.
The eighth Tome.- Of Mufick.
Of Interpreters.
Of Homer.
Of Injufiice or Impiety.
Of Chalcas.
Of the Spie.
Of Tleafire.
The ninth Tome.
Of the Odyffeis.
0/Minerva’T zvand, or Helena and Penelope.
Of Proteus.
The Cyclops, or of Ulyfles.
Of the ufe of Wine, or of Drunkennefis^ ^ . .or of the Cyclops.
Of Circe.
0/Amphiaraus.
0/ Ulyfles \and Penelope.
Of the Dog.
The tenth Tome.
Hercules, Midas.
' Hercules, The Aiafier, or Lover.
The Mafler, or Spies.
Menexenus, or of Ruling.
Alcibiades.
Archelaus, or of a Kingdom.
Thefe, laith Laertius^ were his Writings, the great (number whereof T'lmon derides, calling him an ingenious Trifler.
There is alfo among the SocrafickEfiiW.QS ons under his name to this effe£l-
. Antifthenes to Ariftippus.
IT is not the part of a Philo fopher to live with Tyrants, and to wafi time at Sicilian Leafis., but rather to be content with a little in his own Country •,but you efieem it the greatefi excellence of a virtuous P erf on, to be able to acquire much Wealth, and to have powerful Friends. Riches are not good-, neither if they were in themfelves good, are they fuch, being thus obtained nor can a mul¬ titude of unlearned perfonsqefpecially Tyrantsjie true Friends. Wherefore I would counfel you to leave^^mzxW^andFPvdFj -, but if, as fome report, \you are in love with Pleafure, and aim at fuch things, as befeem not wife plerfons, go to Anticyra and cure your felf by drinking Hellebore, for that is much better for you than the Wine of Dionyfius^ this caufeth A/ladnefs, that affwageth it. So that as health and diferetion differ from ficknefs and folly, h much fhall you be better than you are in thefe things which you now enjoy, ' Farewel.
The afwer to this Epiftie, lee in the life of al- rifiippus.
chap. V.
His Death.
* t
He died, faith of ficknels. Ashe lay on his' death bed, Diogenes came to him and asked him if he wanted a Friend, Another time he came to him with a Dagger crying out,who will free me from this pain ? He Ihewed him the Dagger, laying. This fhall. An- tifihenes reply’d,! lay from my pain not from my life : lor he bore his Sicknefs fomewhat inj- patiently through love of life.
Theopompus commends him above all the Dif- eiples of Socrates, as. being of liich acute and fweet difeourfe, that he could lead any man to what he would.
There were three more of this name, one a Heraclitean Philofopher, the feeond of Ephefus, thethirdofR&^fifer, anHiftorian.
D I 0-
I Part VII 281
■ II rnirn^siaMamtameimu — — — - -
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\* Laert.
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DIOGENES.
CHARI.
His Country^ Yarents^ Time, Banijhment,
^ T~\^*^C£'JVE'iS' was o^Sinopis, a City of Exchange
J-/ Pontus, his Father named or,as
others, Icetes •, by Profeflion a Money-changer.
He was Born fas appears by Computation from his Death, which was in the poth Year of his Age, in the foft year of the 1 14th Olym¬ piad, Hegejias being Archon) about the third year of the pift Olympiad. Suidas faith, he was firft called Cleon.
Dioe/es iklihyhis Father trading publickly in
— o- of Money, was furprifed, falfe Money, and thereupon fled : But Euhulid faith, Diogenes himfelf did itj and fled togeth with his Father ; qvqu Diogenes in his Podblu acknowledgeth as much. Some affirm, Th being made overfeer, he was perfwaded by tl Workmen to go tO’ Delphi or Delus, the Coui tty of Apollo, to enquire of the Oracle if h fhoulddothat whereto he was advifcd, TUfti ri which is of ambiguou
Signifies
282 DIOGENES. Part VII.
Signification, implying to alter the courfe of Life, and to coin falfe Money. The Oracle af fented .* Diogenes not underlfanding it in the Gui/Ssnfe, betook himfelf to Coining, and be¬ ing taken in the A8:, was Baniflied, or, as others fay, fled for Fear. Some affirm, he adulterated the Money he received from his Father, for which the Father was call into Prifon, and there died •, the Son fled, and coming to De/phi., , enquired of the Oracle by what means he fhould become Eminent, whereupon he recei\ed that Answer.
When he left his Country , one of his Ser- () ^lian.var.y^Yits followed him, named Alanes\ who not Bijh 15.28. his Converfation, ran away from him ^
Ibme perfwaded Diogenes to enquire after him; who anfwered,Were it not a fhame,fince Manes doth not need Diogenes., that Diogenes fhould need Manes ? The Fellow wandring up and down, came at laft to Delphi., where he was torn in pieces by Dogs.
CHAP_..JI.
Hoiv he lived at ^1:liens. .
COming to Athens.^-^ faith ' Lacrtiits., he ap¬ plied himfelf to; Antijlhenes,' i'oWowing .t Mlian w." the Cynical Philofophy ’inllituted by him. a An- Hifl.io. 1(5. tifthenes having invited many to hear him, and but few coming, at lafl in anger would not fuf • fer any to come to him, and therefore bad Dio¬ genes be gonealfo.Dw^^:;7^T continuing to come frequently, he chid and threatned him, and at laft ftruck him with his Staff.- Djogenes would not go back, but perfifting ftill in his defire of hearing him, faid. Strike if you will, here is 7ny Head, you cannot find a Staff hard enough to drive 7ne from you, ujttil youhave Injlnitled me. Antijlhencs overcome with 'his Per fevera nee, ad¬ mitted him, and made him his intimate Friend. Frona that time forward he heard him.
Some- affirm, faith he firft wore a
double Cloak, upon which he ufed to lie [at Night : ] He likewife carried a Wallet,wherein w^as jhis Meat. He made ufe of all places for all thinds. Dining, Sleeping, and difeourfing in any Place,infomuch that pointing to Jupiter\ walk, and tfiQiVompriim,two publick places at Athens, he faid. The Athenians huilt them for his dwel¬ ling. ^^png once Sic% Je yvalked with a Staff, which merwards he cdiftinfelly ufed, as like¬ wife a Wallet, not in the City , but when he Travelled. He wrote to one to build him a lit¬ tle Houfe, which the other not doing fo foon as he required, he made ufe of a Tub in the Metro- um toVwQ in, as he declareth in lusEpifiles. In Summer he ufed toroul in the'; burning Sand 5 in Winter io embrace Statues covered with Snoy^f^- accifftpraing himfelf continually to Suf b Piut. l^xs^cQ. fiff^'HitPfdmonian Joeing film in this
!ydfture infftl€]depth‘ of Winter, asked him if he.yy^fe-not ajgpidv he was not ;
yc^u dp then,; replied i:he other, is no great
matter. • • • ed ;
jA^firhlhe -jal^ to beg,:Cof7which there are rnqn , lu^i^es tdms^:,fypufirave: given io^P/herSygive alfa to hegiri nffj) 7nc^. ■ d ; ■' -
c Another rime he begg’d of a Statue, where-^ of being demanded the Keafon, That I may the bcltcr,^
He requefted fomething of a covetous Per- fon, who delaying to give 5 Alan,iahh. he, I ask you Lf T^o
He requefted fomething of a perfon very ob¬ durate, who anfwered,yes, if you can perfwade me to it ^ Kay, replied he, Ifl were able to per* fwadeyou to any thingyt fhould have been tahave hanged your J'elf
Of a Prodigal he begged a AMna -, the other asked why he begged a Mina of him, and of others hut 2iU Obol us: Bccaufe ,PdS.th.hQ, I hope to receive of others again-, but whether I Jhall ever have any more of you, the Gods know.
Being reproached that Plato begged not, but he begged : Tes, faith he, he beggeth too -,but
Ciofe inyour Ear,
Lefi, others hear.
d Having received fome little Money from d utr. Dionyfius thi^Carifian, he faid, 4- 27*
The Gods afford thee thy Defire,
A Man and Houfe -
Alluding to his Effeminacy.
e For this Reafbn he faid, the Imprecations ^ of Tragedians concurred in him, for he was without any City, without a Floufe, depriv’d of his Country, a Beggar, a Vagabond, having his livelihood only from day to day. And yet , adds / JElian, he was more pleafed with this Con-/ Vau H\p, \ dition, than Alexander with the Command of 3- :
the whole World, when having conquered the I
Indians, he returned to Babylon. I
g Seeing a Moufe,as Theophrafius faith, run¬ ning up and down, he thence took occafion opgUert, Comfort, confidering it a Creature that looked
not for Lodging, and was npt difpleafed with i
Darknefs, nor nice as t^-.|)ier. . ’
He walked in the SnoW' '^bare-foot, and tried to eat raw Flefh, but could not.
, He laid, he imitated Singing-Mafters, who raife their Voice too high , thereby to teach others the juft Tone.
The Athenians loved him much-, for a Youth having bored Holes in his Tub, theypu- hiftied him, and gave Diogenes a new one.
He ufed to perform the Offices of Ceres and J
Venusm publick, arguing thus .- If it be not aE furd to dine, it is not abjurd to dine even in the Market-place -, but it is not ab/urd to dine, there¬ fore it is not abjurd to dine even in the Aldrket- place. '
h Xtifftyfov in the publick Forum 5 I would, ^ ^
faith he, I could as eafily fatisfie my Hunger, explained by i
i As he dined in the Forum , fome that were Plutarch, de I
prefent called him Dog-, A",?}’, faith he, you are^yP- ■- *
Dogs that Jf and about 711 e -when I am at Dinner-. '
Being reproached for feeding in the open Fo- ,rum ^ faith fie, 1 grew Hungry.-
■ Being reproach’d that hedrank in a’ ViHualing- . houfe^ff M-a Barber's Jhop, faith he ,1 am fhaved.
He lived without any Servant: ^ Being de¬ manded by one whether he would have a Maid-.
Servant, ora Man, he laid, neither *, Who then, -
anfwered the other, (hall carry you out to your ’*
Grave ■