X. 107 sqq.

of the Rose, the fourth Sunday in
Lent, iv. 222 n.1 Sunder bans, tigers* called jackals in the,
ui. 403
Sunderland, cure for cough in, ix. 52 Sunflower roots, revered by the Thompson
Indians, ii. 13 ; ceremony at eating
the, viii. 8 1
Sung-yang, were-tiger in, x. 310 Suni Mohammedans of Bombay cover
mirrors at a death, iii. 95 Sunkalamma, a goddess, her effigy made
of rice and eaten sacramentally by the
Malas of Southern India, viii. 93 Sunless, Prince, Acarnanian story of, x. 21 Sunset, stories not to be told before, iii.
384
Sunshine, use of fire as a charm to pro- duce, x. 341 sq. Siintevogel or Sunnenvogel, butterflies,
expelled in Westphalia on St. Peter's
Day, ix. 159 n.1 Superb warbler, called women's " sister "
among the Kurnai, xi. 215 w.1, 216,
218 Superhuman power supposed to be
acquired by actors in sacred dramas,
ix. 382, 383 Superiority of the goddess in the myths
of Adonis, Attis, Osiris, vi. 201 sq. ;
of goddesses over gods in societies
organized on mother-kin, vi. 202 sqq. ;
legal, of women over men in ancient
Egypt, vi. 214
Supernatural basis of morality, iii. 213 jy, beings, their names tabooed, iii.
384 sqq.
GENERAL INDEX
Superstition a crutch to morality, iii. 219 ; spring pageants originate in, iv. 269
Superstitions as to the making of pottery, ii. 204 sq. ; as to shooting stars, iv. 60 sqq. ; associated with the Twelve Nights, ix. 326 sqq. ; as to women at menstruation, x. 76 sqq. \ associated with May Day and Hallowe'en, x. 224 ; Index of, x. 270 ; about parasitic rowans, xi. 281 sq. ; about trees struck by lightning, xi. 296 sqq.
Superstitious practices to procure good crops, vii. 100 ; at the Midsummer festival of St. John the Baptist, xi.
45
Supper, the harvest, vii. 134, 138. See Harvest-supper
Supplementary days in the Egyptian year, vi. 6, ix. 340 sq. ; in the ancient Mexi- can year, vi. 28 «.8; in the old Iranian year, vi. 67, 68 ; in the year of the Mayas of Yucatan, ix. 171, 340 ; in the Aztec year, ix. 339 sq. See also Intercalary
Supply of kings, iv. 134 sqq.
Supreme Being of the Ewe negroes, ix.
Beings, otiose, in Africa, iv. 19 n.
- God of the Oraons, ix. 92 sq.
- gods in Africa, vi. 165, 173 sq. , 174, 186, with note5, 187 n.1, 188 sq.t 190
Surenthal in Switzerland, new fire made by friction at Midsummer in the, x. 169 sq.
Surinam, the Bush negroes of, ii. 385, viii. 26
Surrey, the weald of, ii. 7
Survival of the fittest, the principle of, apparently enunciated by Empedocles, viii. 306 ; stated by Aristotle, viii. 306
Surya, the Indian sun -god, xi. i
Susa, to the south of Abyssinia, the king of, eats behind a curtain, iii. 119
- , in Persia, scene of the Book of ' Esther laid at, ix. 360, 366
Sussex, belief as to cast teeth In, i. 177 sq. ; the weald of, ii. 7 ; belief in, as to ground on which blood has been shed, iii. 244 ; superstition as to clipped hair in, iii. 270 sq. ; cleft ash- trees used for the cure of rupture in, xi. 169 sq.
Sutherland, the corp chre in, i. 69
Sutherlandshire, the harvest Maiden in, vii. 162 ; custom at eating new pota- toes in, viii. 51 ; the need-fire in, x. 294 sq. ; sept of the Mackays, ' ' the descendants of the seal," in, xi. 131 sq.
Suzees of Sierra Leone, kings among the, iii. 18
Svayamvara, ancient Indian mode of determining a husband, ii. 306
Swabia, homoeopathic magic at sowing in, i. 138 ; stones tied to fruit-trees in, i. 140 ; the Harvest-May in, ii. 48 ; May-trees in, ii. 68 ; church bells rung on Midsummer morning in, to drive away witches, ii. 127 ; disposal of cut hair in, iii. 276 ; Whitsuntide mum- mers in, iv. 207 ; Shrovetide or Lenten ceremonies in, iv. 230, 233 ; the Old Woman at harvest in, vii. 136 ; Alt is- heim in, vii. 136 ; the Oats-goat at harvest in, vii. 282 ; Gablmgen in, vii. 282 ; last standing corn called the Cow in, vii. 289 ; the Cow at thresh- ing in, vii. 290 ; Obermedlingen in, vii. 290 ; the thresher of the last corn called the Sow in, vii. 298 sq. ; Fnedingen in, vii. 298 ; Onstmet- tingen in, vii. 299 ; the "Twelve Lot Days" in, ix. 322; "burning the witch " on the first Sunday in Lent in, x. 116 ; custom of throwing lighted discs on the first Sunday in Lent in, x. 116 sq. \ Easter fires in, x. 144 sq. ; custom at eclipses in, x. 162 «. ; the Midsummer fires in, x. 166 sq. ; witches as hares and horses in, x. 318 sq. ; the divining-rod in, xi. 68 «.4; fern- seed brought by Satan on Christmas night in, xi. 289
Swabian custom as to child's teething, i. 180
story of soul in form of mouse, iii.
39 n.1
Swahili of East Africa, their New Year's Day, ix. 226 n.1 ; their ceremony of the new fire, x. 140 ; birth -trees among the, xi. 160 sq. ; their story of an African Samson, xi. 314
Swahili charm by means of knotted cords, iii. 305 sq.
Swallow, wooden effigy of, carried about the streets on the first of March, viii. 322 «.
Swallow dance among the Kobeua and Kaua Indians of Brazil, ix. 381
Song, the Greek, viii. 322 n.
Swallowing of souls by shamans, iii. 76 sq.
Swallows, as scapegoats, ix. 35 ; stones found in stomachs of, x, 17
Swami Bhaskaranandaji Saraswati, Hin- doo gentleman worshipped as a god, i. 404
Swan, J. G., on the masked dances of the Indians of North- Western America, ix. 376 sq.
Swan, guardian spirit of a woman as a, i. 200
Swan- woman, Tartar story of the, xi. 144
482
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
Swan's bone, used by menstruous women to drink out of, x. 48, 49, 50, 90, 92
2>wans, transmigration of bad poets into, viii. 308
Swans' song in a fairy tafe, xi. 124
Swanton, J. R. , on the seclusion of girls at puberty among the Haida Indians, x. 45 n.1
Swastika, carved on Hittite monument at Ibreez, v. 122 n.1
Swazieland, knots as charms in, iii. 305
Swazies, the, of South-Eastern Africa, their rain-making, i. 249 ; their king a rain-maker, i. 350 sq.
Swearing on stones, i. 160 sq.
Sweat, contagious magic of, i. 206, 213 ; of famous warriors drunk, viii. 152
Sweating as a purification, in. 142, 156, 184
Sweden, guardian-trees in, ii. 58 ; birch- twigs on the eve of May Day in, ii. 64 sq. ; bonfires and May-poles at Midsummer in, ii. 65 ; Midsummer Bride and Bridegroom in, ii. 92, v. 251 ; cattle crowned in spring in, ii. 127 «.2 ; Frey and his priestess in, ii. 143 sq. ; customs observed in, at turning out the cattle to graze for the first time in spring, ii. 341 sq. ; oaks and pines in the peat- bogs of, ii. 352 ; dramatic contest between Winter and Summer on May Day in, iv. 254 ; Maypole or Mid- summer-tree in, v. 250; kings of, answerable for the fertility of the ground, vi. 220 ; marriage custom in, to ensure the birth of a boy, vi. 262 ; custom at threshing in, vii. 149, 230 ; " Killing the Hare " at harvest in, vii. 280 ; the Yule Boar in, vii. 300 sqq. ; Christmas customs in, vii. 301 sq. ; belief as to eating white snake in, viii. 146 ; magpies' eggs and young carried from house to house on May Day in, viii. 321 tt.8 ; the Yule Goat in, viii. 327 sq. \ heaps of stones or sticks to which passers-by add in, ix. 14 ; sticks or stones piled on scenes of violent death in, ix. 15, 20 sq. ; offerings at cairns in, ix. 27 ; customs observed on Yule Night in, x. 20 sq. ; Easter bonfires in, x. 146 ; bonfires on the Eve of May Day in, x. 159, 336 ; Midsummer fires in, x. 172 ; the need- fire in, x. 280 ; bathing at Mid- summer in, xi. 29 ; " Midsummer Brooms " in, xi. 54 ; the divining-rod in, xi. 69, 291 ; mistletoe to be shot or knocked down with stones in, xi. 82 ; mistletoe a remedy for epilepsy in, xi. 83 ; medical use of mistletoe in, xi. 84 ; mistletoe used as a protection against conflagration in, xi. 85, 293 ;
mistletoe cut at Midsummer in, xi. 86 ; mystic properties ascribed to mistletoe on St. John's Eve in, xi. 86 ; Balder's balefires in, xi. 87 ; children passed through a cleft oak as a cure for rup- ture or rickets in, xi. 170 ; crawling through a hoop as a cure in, xi. 184 ; superstitions about a parasitic rowan in, xi. 281
Swedes, the heathen, their mimicry of thunder, i. 248 n.1 ; sacrifice their kings in times of dearth, i. 366 sq.
Swedish kings, traces of nine years' reign of, iv. 57 sq.
peasants stick leafy branches in
corn-fields, ii. 47
popular belief that ceitain animals
should not be called by their proper names, iii. 397
Sweeping misfortune out of house with brooms, ix. 5
out the town, annual ceremony of,
ix. 135
Sweet potatoes cultivated in Africa, vii. 117 ; cultivated in South America, vii. 121 ; cultivated in Assam, vii. 123 ; cultivated in New Britain, vii. 123 ; offering of, to the god of sweet pota- toes among the Maoris, viii. 133
Sweethearts of St. John at Midsummer in Sardinia, ii. 92, v. 244 sq.
Swelling and inflammation thought to be caused by eating out of sacred vessels or by wearing sacred garments, iii. 4
Swiftness in running, charm to ensure, i.
*55
Swim or sink, in divination, i. 196 ; test used to determine a new incarnation, i. 413
Swine, herds of, in ancient Italy, ii. 354; a tabooed word to fishermen, iii. 394, 395 ; not eaten by people of Pessinus, v. 265 ; not eaten by worshippers of Adonis, v. 265 ; not allowed to enter Comana in Pontus, v. 265 ; souls of the dead in, viii. 296
, wild, their ravages in the corn,
viii. 31 sqq. See also Pigs
Swine's flesh sacramentally eaten, viii. 20, 24 ; not eaten by worshippers of Attis, viii. 22 ; not eaten by Egyp- tian priests, viii. 24 n.* See also Pig's flesh and Pork
Swineherds, their horns, ii. 354 ; for- bidden to enter Egyptian temples, viii. 24
Swing in the Sky, the Golden, descrip- tion of the sun, iv. 279
Swinging, festival of, at Athens, i. 46 n.1; at ploughing rite in Siam, iv. 150, 151, 156 sq. ; as a ceremony or magical rite, iv. 277 sqq. ; on hooki
GENERAL INDEX
48;
run through the body, Indian custom, iv. 278 sq. ; as a cure for sickness, iv. 279, 280 sq. ; as a mode of inspiration, iv. 280 ; images as a funeral rite, iv. 282 ; as a ceremony of purification, iv. 282 sq. ; as a festal rite in modern Greece, Spain, and Italy, iv. 283 sq. ; for good crops, vii. 101, 103, 107
Swiss superstition as to knots in shrouds, iii. 310
Switzerland, the lake-dwellings of, ii. 353 ; the Corn-goat, Oats-goat, and Rye -goat at harvest in, vii. 283 ; the Wheat-cow, Corn-cow, Oats-cow, Corn -bull, etc., at harvest in, vii. 289, 291 ; omens from the cry of the quail in, vii. 295 ; weather forecasts in, ix. 323 ; Lenten fires in, x. 118 sq. ; new fire kindled by friction of wood in, x. 169 sq. ; Midsummer fires in, x. 172 ; the Yule log in, x. 249 ; need-fire in, x. 279 sq.t 336; people warned against bathing at Midsummer in, xi. 27 ; the belief in witchcraft in, xi. 42 /z.2; divination by orpine at Midsummer in, xi. 61
Sword, biting a, as a charm, i. 160 ; girls married to a, v. 61
, a magical, possessed by Fire King,
ii. 5 ; sacrifices offered to it, ii. 5
Sword-fish thanked for being killed by the Ainos, viu. 251
Swords to frighten evil spirits, i. 186 ; used to ward off or expel demons, ix. 113, 118, 119, 120, 123, 203; carried by mummers, ix. 245, 251
, golden, iv. 75
Sycamore at doors on May Day, ii. 60 ; effigy of Osiris placed on boughs of, vi. 88, no; sacred to Osiris, vi. no
Sycamores worshipped in ancient Egypt, ii. 15 ; sacred among the Gallas, ii.
34 Syene, held by a Roman garrison, iv.
144 n.2} inscriptions at, vi. 35 n.1 Syleus, a Lydian, compelled passers-by
to dig in his vineyard, vii. 257 sq. \
killed by Hercules, vii. 258 Sylvan deities in classical art, ii. 45 Symbolism, coarse, of Osiris and Dionysus,
vi. 112, 113 Symmachus on the festival of the Great
Mother, v. 298 Sympathetic magic, i. 51 sqq. , iii. 164,
201, 204, 258, 268, 287, iv. 77, vii.
102, i39,viii. 33, 271, 311 sq., ix. 399;
its two branches, 1.54 ; examples of, i.
55 sqq. See also Magic • relation between cleft tree and
person who has been passed through
it, xi. 170, 171 n.lt 172 ; between
man and animal, xi. 272 sq.
Sympathy, magical, between a man am severed portions of his person, i. 175 iii. 267 sq. , 283
Synonyms adopted in order to avoic naming the dead, iii. 359 sqq. ; in th Zulu language, iii. 377 ; in the Maor language, iii. 381
Syntengs of Assam, iv. 55. See Jaintia!
Syracuse, funeral games in honour o Timoleon at, iv. 94 ; the Blue Spring at, v. 213 n.1
Syrakoi chose as king the man with th longest head, ii. 297
Syria, charm to make fruit-trees bear in i. 140; oak-tree worshipped in, ii. 16 St. George in, ii. 346, v. 78, 79, 90 belief as to stepping over a child in iii. 424 ; Adonis in, v. 13 sqq. ; " hoi] men" in, v. 77 sq. ; hot springs resorte to by childless women in, v. 213 sqq. subject to earthquakes, v. 222 n.1 the Nativity of the Sun at the white solstice in, v. 303 ; turning money a the new moon in, vi. 149 ; bones o sacrificial victim not broken in, vhi 258 ».2 ; precaution against cater pillars in, viii. 279 ; stones piled 01 graves of robbers in, ix. 17 ; practia of raising cairns near sacred places in ix. 21 ; Aphrodite and Adonis in, ix 386 ; restrictions on menstruous womer in, x. 84
Syrian bridegroom must have no knot! on his gaiments, iii. 300
custom of saluting the rising sun,
ix. 416
god Hadad, v. 15
goddess at Hierapolis, hair offeree
to the, i. 29
mother, her vow, iii. 263
peasants believe that women car
conceive without sexual intercourse v. 91
witch, her procedure described bj
Lucian, iii. 270
women bathe in the Orontes te
procure offspring, ii. 160 ; resort tc hot springs to obtain offspring, if. 1 6 1, v. 213 sqq. ; apply to saints foi offspring, ii. 346, v. 78, 79, 90, 109
writer on the reasons for assigning
Christmas to the twenty -fifth ol December, v. 304 sq.
Syrians, their religious attitude to pigs, viii. 23 ; esteemed fish sacred, viii. 26
Syrmia, the Yule log in, x. 262 sq.
Syro- Macedonian calendar, iv. 116 if.1, ix. 358 n.1
Szagmanten, in Tilsit district, the last sheaf at harvest called the Old Rye- woman at, vii. 232
Szis, the, of Upper Burma, the Fathei
484
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
and Mother of the Paddy (unhusked rice) among, vii. 203 sq.
Ta-cul-lies, native name of the Carrier
Indians, iii. 215 n* Ta-ta-thi tribe of New South Wales,
their mode of making rain by crystals,
i. 304 Ta-uz (Tammuz), mourned by Syrian
women in Harran, v. 230 Taanach, in Palestine, burial of children
in jars at, v. 109 n.1 Taara, the thunder -god of the Esth-
onians, ii. 367 Tabali, in South Nigeria, precaution as
to the spittle of chiefs at, iii. 289 Tabari, Arab chronicler, his story how
King Sapor took the city of Atrae, x.
82 sq. Tabaristan, rain - producing cave in, i.
301 Table, leaping from, a charm to make
crops grow high, i. 138, 139 n. Tablets of destiny wrested by Marduk
from Ningu, iv. no Taboo, or negative magic, i. 1 1 1 sqq. , 143 ;
of chiefs and kings in Tonga, iii. 133
sq. \ of chiefs in New Zealand, iii. 134
sqq. ; Esquimau theory of, iii. 210 sqq. ;
the meaning of, iii. 224 ; conceived as
a dangerous physical substance which
needs to be insulated, x. 6 sq. — , sanctity, and uncleanness, their
equivalence in primitive thought, iii.
285 ; sanctity and uncleanness not
differentiated in the notion of, viii. 23 Taboo rajah and chief, iii. 24 sq. Tabooed acts, iii. 101 sqq. hands, iii. 133, 134, 138, 140.^.,
146 sqq., 158, 159 «., 174, 265
— men at festival of wild mango in New Guinea, x. 7 sq.
persons, iii. 131 sqq. ; fed by others,
iii. 133, 134 n.1, 138, 138 n.1, 139, 140, 141, 142, 147, 148 n.1, 166, 167, 265 ; secluded, iii. 165 ; kept from contact with the ground, x. 2 sqq.
things, iii. 224 sqq. ; kept from
contact with the ground, x. 7 sqq.
village, viii. 122
— women at festival of wild mango in New Guinea, x. 8
words, iii. 318 sqq.
Taboos, homoeopathic, i. 116 ; con- tagious, i. 117; on food, i. 117 sqq. , iii. 291 sqq. ; laid on the parents of twins, i. 262, 263 sq. , 266 ; royal and priestly, iii. i sqq. \ on intercourse with strangers, iii. 101 sqq. ; on eating and drinking, iii. 116 sqq. \ on showing the face, iii. 120 sqq. ; on quitting the house, iii. 122 sqq. ; on leaving food
over, iii. 126 sqq. ; on persons who have handled the dead, iii. 138 sqq. ; on mourners, iii. 138 sqq. ; on lads at initiation, iii. 141 sq. , 156 sq. ; on war- riors, iii. 157 sqq. ; on man-slayers, iii. 165 sqq. ; on murderers, iii. 187 sq. \ on hunters and fishers, iii. 190 sqq. ; transformed into ethical precepts, iii. 214 ; survivals of, in morality, iii. 218 sq. ; as spiritual insulators, iii. 224 ; on sharp weapons, iii. 237 sqq. \ on blood, iii. 239 sqq. ; relating to the head, iii. 252 sqq. ; on hair, iii. 258 sqq. ; on spittle, ni. 287 sqq. ; on knots and rings, iii. 293 sqq. ; on words, iii. 318 sqq. , 392 sqq. ; on personal names, iii. 318 sqq. ; on names of relations, iii. 335 sqq. ; on the names of the dead, iii. 349 sqq. ; on names of kings and chiefs, iii. 374 sqq. ; on names of supernatural beings, iii. 384 sqq. ; on names of gods, iii. 387 sqq. ; on common words, iii. 392 sqq. ; on common words based on a fear of spirits or of animals supposed to be endowed with human intelligence, iii. 416 sqq. ; communal, vii. 109 w.2 ; agricultural, vii. 187 ; relating to milk, viii. 83 sq. ; regulating the lives of divine kings, x. 2
Taboos observed in fishing and hunting on the principle of sympathetic magic, i. 113 sqq. ; by children in the absence of their fathers, i. 116, 119, 122, 123, 127, 131; by wives in the absence of their husbands, i. 116, 119, 120, 121, 122 sqq., 127 sqq. ; by sisters in the absence of their brothers, i. 122, 123, 125, 127; by parents of twins, i. 262, 263 sq. , 266 ; after house- building, ii. 40 ; for the sake of the crops, ii. 98, 105 sqq. ; by fathers of twins, ii. 102, iii. 239 sq. \ by Brahman fire -priests, ii. 248 ; by the Flamen Dialis, ii. 248, iii. 13 sq. ; by herd- boys while watching the herds, ii. 331 ; by the Mikado, iii. 3 sq. ; by headmen in Assam, iii. n; by ancient kings of Ireland, iii. n sq. ; by the Bodia or Bodio, iii. 15 ; by sacred milkmen among the Todas, iii. 16 sqq. ; by a priest in Celebes, iii. 129 ; by mourners, iii. 235 sq. ; by searchers for lignum aloes, iii. 404 ; at the sowing festival among the Kayans, vii. 94, 187 ; by enchanters of crops among the Kai, vii. 100 ; at the sanctuary of Alectrona in Rhodes, viii. 45 ; at the sanctuary of the Mistress at Lycosura, viii. 46 ; after the capture of a ground seal, walrus, of whale among the Esquimaux, viii. 246:
GENERAL INDEX
485
by priest of Earth in Southern Nigeria, x. 4
Tabor, in Bohemia, custom of ' ' Carrying out Death" at, iv. 237 sq.
Tacitus, Germans in the time of, ii. 285 ; on the sacred groves of the Germans, ii. 363 n.6; as to German observa- tion of the moon, vi. 141 ; on human sacrifices offered by the ancient Ger- mans, xi. 28 n. 1 ', on the goddess Nerthus, xi. 28 n.1
Taenarum in Laconia, Poseidon wor- shipped at, v. 203 «.2
Tagales of the Philippines, their excuse to tree -spirit for felling the tree, ii. 36 sq.
Tagalogs of the Philippines, their rever- ence for flowers and trees, ii. 18 sq.
Tagbanuas of the Philippines, their custom of sending spirits of disease away in little ships, ix. 189
Tahiti, seclusion of women after child- birth in, iii. 147 ; kings and queens of, not to be touched, iii. 226 ; sanctity of the head in, iii. 255 sq. ; remarkable rule of succession in, iv. 190 ; funeral custom to prevent return of ghost in, viii. 97 ; offerings of first-fruits in, viii. 132 ; transference of sins in, ix. 45 sq. ; king and queen of, not allowed to set foot on the ground, x. 3 ; the fire-walk in, xi. ii. See also Tahitians
, kings of, deified, i. 388 ; abdicate on birth of a son, iii. 20 ; their names not to be pronounced, iii. 381 sq.
Tahitians buried their cut hair at temples, iii. 274 ; burned or buried their shorn hair for fear of witchcraft, iii. 281 ; their notions as to eclipses of the sun and moon, iv. 73 n.2 ; their belief in the action of spirits, ix. 80 sq. ; the New Year of the, xi. 244
Tahuata, human god in the island of, i.
387 "-1
Tai-chow, district of China, voluntary mar- tyrdom of Buddhist monks in, iv. 42
Taif, custom of polling the hair after a journey at, iii. 261
Taigonos Peninsula, the Koryaks of the, ix. 126
Tail of corn-spirit, vii. 268, 272, 300, viii. 10, 43 ; of sacrificial horse cut off, viii. 42, 43. See also Tails
"Tail -money" given to herdsmen on St. George's Day, ii. 331
Tailltenn, pagan cemetery at, iv. 101
Tailltiu or Tailltin, in County Meath, now Teltown, the fair of, iv. 99, 101 ; pagan cemetery at, iv. 101
Tailltiu, foster-mother of Lug, iv. 99
Tails of cats docked as a magical precau- tion, iii. 128 sg.
Tails of cattle, fire tied to, in rain-charm, i. 302
Tain tribe of Dinkas, influence of rain- maker over the, iv. 32
Taiping rebellion, i. 414
Tajan, the Dyaks of, forbidden to men- tion the names of parents and grand- parents, iii. 340
and Landak, districts of Dutch
Borneo, bride and bridegroom not allowed to touch the earth among the Dyaks of, x. 5 ; birth-trees among the Dyaks of, xi. 164
Tak, mountain in Tabaristan, rain- making cave on, i. 301
Takhas, the, worship the cobra, i. 383 «.4 ; on border of Cashmeer, inspired prophets among, i. 383
Takilis or Carrier Indians, succession to the soul among the, iv. 199. See Carrier Indians
Takitount, in Algeria, rain-making at, i. 250
Talaga Bodas, volcano in Java, sulphure- ous exhalations at, v. 204
Talaings, the, of Lower Burma, their customs as to the last sheaf at rice- harvest, vii. 190 sq.
Talbot, P. Amaury, on self- mutilation among the Ekoi, v. 271 «.; on external human souls in animals in West Africa, xi. 208 «.1, 209 n.1
Talegi, Motlav word for external soul, xi. 198
Taleins, the, of Burma, their worship of demons, ix. 96
Tales, wandering souls in popular, iii. 49 sq. ; told as charms, vii. 102 sqq. ; the resurrection of the body in popular, viii. 263 sqq. ; of maidens forbidden to see the sun, x. 70 sqq. ; the external soul in popular, xi. 95 sqq.
Tali tied to bride, Hindoo marriage symbol, ii. 57 «.4
Talismans possessed by the Fire King of Cambodia, ii. 5 ; crowns and wreaths as, vi. 242 sq. ; of cities, x. 83 n.1 See also Amulets
, public, iii. 317 n.1 ; in antiquity,
i. 365 n.'1
Talmud, the, on Purim, ix. 363 ; on menstruous women, x. 83
Talos, ,a bronze man, perhaps identical with the Minotaur, iv. 74 sq.
Tamanachiers, Indian tribe of the Orinoco, their story of the origin of death, ix. 303
Tamanaks of the Orinoco, their treat- ment of girls at puberty, x. 61 «.3
Tamanawas or tamanous, guardian spirits, ix. 376 «.8 ; dramatic per- formances of myths, ix. 376, 377
486
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
Tamaniu, external soul in the Mota
language, xi. 198^., 220 Tlamara, island off New Guinea, belief
in the transmigration of human souls
into pigs in, viii. 296 Tamarind married to a mango in India,
ii. 25
Tamarind-trees sacred, ii. 42, 44, 46 Tamarisk, sacred to Osiris, vi. no sq. \
Isfendiyar slain with a branch of a, x.
105 Tamarisk branches used to beat people
ceremonially, ix. 263 Tambaran, demons, among the Melan-
esians of New Britain, ix. 82, 83 Tami, the, of German New Guinea, their theory of earthquakes, v. 198 ; their rites of initiation, xi. 239 sqq. Tamil temples, dancing-girls in, v. 61 Tamirads, a family of diviners in Cyprus,
v. 42
Tarn muz or Adonis, v. 6 sqq. ; in the East perhaps replaced by St. George, ii. 346 ; the summer lamentations for, iv. 7 ; his relation to Adonis, v. 6 w.1 ; his worship of Sumerian origin, v. 7 sq. ; "true son of the deep water," v. 8, 246 ; laments for, v. 9 s mourned for at Jerusalem, v. n, 17, 20, ix. 400 ; as a corn-spirit, v. 230 ; his bones ground in a mill, v. 230, vii. 258 ; perhaps represented by the mock king of the Sacaea, vii. 258 sq. ; the lover of Ishtar, ix. 371, 373 ; annual death and resurrection of, ix. 398. See also Adonis
and Ishtar, v. 8 sq.t ix. 399,
406
Tammuz, a Babylonian month, v. 10 n.1, 230, vii. 259
Tana (Tanna), one of the New Hebrides, contagious magic of clothes in, i. 206 ; power of the disease-makers in, i. 341 ; magic practised on refuse of food in, iii. 127 sq. ; dead ancestors worshipped as gods in, viii. 125 ; first- fruits offered to ancestors in, viii. 125 sq.
Tanala, the, of Madagascar, their custom at circumcision, iii. 227 ; their mode of averting ill-luck from children, vii. 9 ; believe that the souls of the dead transmigrate into animals, viii. 290
Tanaquil, the Queen, wife of Tarquin, story of the birth of Servius Tullius in connexion with, ii. 195
Tanatoa, deified king of Raiatea, i. 387 sq.
Tang dynasty of China, custom of marry- ing girls to the Yellow River under the, ii. 152
Tanga Coast of East Africa, belief as to
mischievous spirits of trees on the, ii
34
Tanganyika, Lake, Urua to the west of, i- 395 J human victims thrown into, ii. 158 ; Winamwanga tribe to the south of, ii. 293, viii. 112 ; the Awemba to the west of, vii. 115 ; custom of carriers on the plateau between Lake Nyassa and, ix. 10 ; seclusion of girls at puberty among the tribes of the plateau to the west of, x. 24
plateau, custom as to the planting
of bananas among the natives of the, vii. 115
Tangier, the Barley Bride among the Berbers near, vii. 178
Tangkhuls of Manipur, licence before sowing among the, n. 100
Tangkul Nagas of Assam, their annual festival of the dead, vi. 57 sqq. ; their tug-of-war, ix. 177
Tani, a god in the Society Islands, first- fruits presented to, viii. 132 sq.
Tanjore, dancing - girls at, v. 61 ; the Rajah of, his sins transferred to Brahmans, ix. 44
Tanner, John, and the Shawnee sage, xi.
I57
Tanneteya, in Celebes (?), vii. 196 n. Tano, a fetish, on the Ivory Coast, viii.
287 Tanoe, River, on the Ivory Coast, viii.
287 Tantad, Midsummer bonfire, in Lower
Brittany, x. 183 Tantalus, king of Sipylus, ancestor of
the Pelopidae, ii. 279 ; murders his
son Pelops, v. 181 Taoism, religious head of, i. 413 sqq. ;
defined as "exorcising polytheism,"
ix. 99
Taoist treatise on the soul, xi. 221 Tapajos, tributary of the Amazon, the
Mauhes on the, x. 62 Taphos besieged by Amphitryo, xi, 103 Tapia, a malignant ghost in San Cristo-
val, iii. 56
Tapio, woodland god in Finland, ii. 124 Tapir, custom of Indians after killing a,
viii. 236
Tapirs, souls of dead in, viii. 285 Tapping a palm-tree for wine in Java,
ceremony at, ii. 100 sq. Tapuiyas, the, of Brazil, worshipped the
Pleiades, vii. 309 Tar as a protection against witchcraft,
ii. 53 ; to keep out ghosts and witches,
ix. 153 n.1 See also Pitch Tar -barrels burnt at Up-helly-a1 in
Lerwick, ix. 169 ; burning, swung
round pole at Midsummer, x. 169 ;
burnt at Midsummer among the
GENERAL INDEX
487
Esthonians, x. 180 ; burnt on Hog- manay at Burghead, x. 266 sq. ; pro- cession with lighted, on Chiistmas Eve in Lerwick, x. 268
Tara, the capital of ancient Ireland, the sun not to rise on the king of Ireland in his bed at, iii. 1 1 ; no king with a personal blemish allowed to reign over Ireland at, iv. 39 ; pagan cemetery at, iv. 101 ; new fire kindled in spring in the King's house at, x. 158
Tarahumares of Mexico, their charm to secure victory in race, i. 150 ; their homoeopathic charm to make them fleet of foot, i. 155 ; their rain-making by making smoke, i. 249 ; their rain- charm by dipping a plough in water, i. 284 ; their worship of water-serpents, ii. 156 sq. ; their belief as to shooting stars, iv. 62 ; ceremonies performed by them at hoeing, ploughing, and harvest, vii. 227 sq. ; sacrifice to the Master of Fish, viii. 252 ; their cus- tom of adding sticks or stones to heaps, ix. 10 ; their dances for the crops, ix. 236 sqq.
Tarascon, the dragon of, ii. 170 ».1
Tarashchansk district of Russia, rain- making in the, i. 285
Tarbolton, in Ayrshire, annual bonfire at, x. 207
Tari Pennu, Earth Goddess of the Khonds, human sacrifices offered to her for the crops, vii. 245
Tarianas, the, of the Amazon, their custom of drinking the ashes of the dead, viii. 157
Tarija, in Bolivia, Earth-mothers at, vii.
173 »• Tark, Tarku, Trok, Troku, syllables in
names of Cilician priests, v. 144 ;
perhaps the name of a Hittite deity,
v. 147 ; perhaps the name of the god
of Olba, v. 148, 165 Tarkimos, priest of Corycian Zeus, v. 145 Tarkondimotos, name of two Cilician
kings, v. 145 «.* Tarkuaris, priest of Corycian Zeus, v.
145 ; priestly king of Olba, v. 145 Tarkudimme or Tarku wassimi, name on
Hittite seal, v. 145 ».2 Tarkumbios, priest of Corycian Zeus, v.
145
Tarnow, district of Galicia, wreath made out of last sheaf called the Wheat- mother, Rye-mother, or Pea-mother in, vii. 135
Taro, magical stones to promote the growth of, i. 162 ; charms for growth of, vii. 100, 102
Taro plants beaten to make them grow, ix. 264
Tarquin the Elder, husband of Tanaquil, ii. 195 ; succeeded by his son-in-law, ii. 270 ; his sons, ii. 270 «.8 ; his descent, ii. 270 ».6 ; murdered, ii. 320
Tarquin the Proud, sacred precinct on the Alban Mount dedicated by, ii. 187 ; uncle of L. Junius Brutus, ii. 290 ; his attempt to shift the line of descent of the Roman kingship, ii. 291 sq.
Tarquitius Priscus, on unlucky trees, iii.
275 «-3 Tarsus in Cilicia, climate and fertility of,
v. 118 ; school of philosophy at, v.
118 ; Sandan and Baal at, v. 142 sq.,
161 ; priesthood of Hercules at v.
143 ; Fortune of the City on coins of,
v. 164 ; divine triad at, v. 171
, the Baal of, v. 117 sqq., 162 sq.
, coins of, representing Sandan on
the pyre, ix. 388 n.2 , Sandan of, v. 124 sqq., ix. 388,
389. 39L 392
Tartar Khan, ceremony at visiting a, iii. 114
stories of the external soul, xi.
142 sq., 144 sq.
Tartars, their belief in living Buddhas incarnate in Grand Lamas, i. 410 sq. ; divine by the shoulder-blades of sheep, iii. 229 w.4 ; do not break bones of the animals they eat, viii. 258 n.2 ; after a funeral leap over fire, xi. 18
of the Middle Ages, names of the
dead not uttered till the third genera- tion among the, iii. 370
Tasmania, the aborigines of, reluctant to name the dead, iii. 353
Tasmanians carried fire about with them, ii. 257 sq. ; seem to have changed com- mon words after a death, iii. 364 n.1
Tat or tatu pillar. See Ded pillar
Tate, H. R., on serpent-worship among the Akikuyu, v. 85
Tatia, wife of Numa, ii. 270 n.6
Tatius, king of Rome, succeeded by his son-in-law Numa, ii. 270 and nn,l> 5 ; the Sabine colleague of Romulus, killed with sacrificial knives, ii. 320
Tattoo-marks, tribal, in Dahomey, v. 74 «.4 ; of priests in Dahomey, v. 74 ».4 ; of priests of Attis, v. 278 ; on slave or prisoner of war, ix. 47
Tattooing in the Punjaub, belief as to, iii. 30 ; of bride in Fiji, x. 34 n.1 ; medicinal use of, x. 98 n.1 ; at initia- tion, xi. 258, 259, 261 n.
Tauare* Indians, of the Rio Enivra, eat the ashes of their dead, viii. 157
Taui Islanders, their custom as to a fall- ing star, iv. 61
Taungthu, the, of Upper Burma, their
488
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
way of securing the soul of the rice, vii. 190
Taunton, expedients for facilitating death at, hi. 309
Taupes et Mulots, fire ceremony on Eve of Twelfth Night in the Bocage of Normandy, ix. 317
Taura, priest, in Southern Pacific, i. 377, 378
Taurians of the Crimea, their use of the heads of prisoners, v. 294
Tauric Diana, her image brought by Orestes to Italy in a faggot of sticks, i. 10 sq. ; her image only to be appeased with human blood, i. 24
Taurobolium, sacrifice of a bull in the rites of Cybele, v. 274 sqq. \ or Tauro- polium, v. 275 n.1
Taurus, Mount, the Yourouks of, ii. 43
Taurus mountains, pass of the Cilician Gates in the, v. 120
Ta vernier, J. B. , on the annual expulsion pf demons in Tonquin, ix. 148 n.1
Taxation perhaps derived from offerings of first-fruits, viii. 116
Tay, Loch, Hallowe'en fires on, x. 232
Taygetus, Mount, sacrifices to the sun on, i. 315 sq.
Taylor, Isaac, on the relation of the Italian and Celtic languages, ii. 189 n.s
Taylor, Rev. J. C. , on the annual expul- sion of evils at Onitsha, ix. 133 ; on human scapegoat at Onitsha, ix. 211
Taylor, Rev. Richard, on human scape- goats in New Zealand, ix. 39 ; on the Maori gods, ix. 81
Tcheou dynasty of China, change of calendar under the, x. 137
Tchiglit Esquimaux, their belief as to falling stars, iv. 65
Teak, Loranthus on, xi. 317
Teanlas, Hallowe'en fires in Lancashire, x. 245
Tears of Isis thought to swell the Nile, vi. 33 ; rain thought to be the tears of gods, vi. 33 ; of human victim signs of rain, vii. 248, 250 ; of oxen as rain-charm, viii. 10
Teasing animals before killing them, viii. 190
Tebach, bear-festival of the Gilyaks at, viii. 191 sqq.
Teberans, spirits, among the Melanesians of New Britain, i. 340
Teeth, ceremony of knocking out teeth at initiation among the tribes of Aus- tralia, i. 97 sqq. ; extraction of teeth in connexion with rain, i. 98 sq. ; tribute of, i. 101 ; homoeopathic magic of, i. 137 ; homoeopathic charms to strengthen, i. 153, 157; contagious magic of, i. 176-182 ; of rats and mice
in magic, i. 178 sqq. ; of foxes and kangaroos in sympathetic magic, i. 1 80 ; of ancestor in magical ceremony, i. 312 ; loss of, supposed effect of breaking a taboo, iii. 140 ; loosened by angry ghosts, iii. 186 n.l\ as a rain- charm, iii. 271 ; extracted, kept against the resurrection, iii. 280 ; children whose upper teeth appear before the lower exposed, iii. 287 n. ; filed as pre- liminary to marriage, x. 68 ».2 See also Tooth
Teeth and nails of sacred kings preserved as amulets, ii. 6
Teething, charms to help, i. 180
Tegea, tombstones at, v. 87 ; Demeter and Persephone worshipped at, vii. 63 ».14
Tegner, Swedish poet, on the burning of Balder, xi. 87
Tein Econuch, "forlorn fire," need-fire, x. 292
Tein-eigin (teine-eigin, tin-egin\ need- fire, in the Highlands of Scotland, x. 147, 148, 289, 291, 293
Teine Bhe-uil, fire of Beul, need-fire, in the Highlands of Scotland, x. 293
Telamon, son of Aeacus, king of Salamis, ii. 278, v. 145
Telchines, the, of Rhodes, legendary magicians, i. 310
Telepathy, magical, i. 119 sqq. \ in hunt- ing and fishing, i. 120 sqq. \ in voyages, i. 126 ; in war, i. 126 sqq.
Telephus at Pergamus, rule as to persons who had sacrificed to, viii. 85
Telingana, euphemistic name for snake in, iii. 402
Tell Taannek (Taanach), in Palestine, burial of children in jars at, v. 109 n.1
Tell-el-Amarna, the new capital of King Amenophis IV., vi. 123 n.1, 124, 125 ; tablets, iv. 170 n.6 ; letters, v. 16 «.8, 21 ».a, 135 n.
Tellemarken in Norway, cairns to which passers-by add stones in, ix. 14
Tel town, in County Meath, the fair at, iv. 99
Telugu remedy for a fever, ix. 38
Telugus, their way of stopping rain, i. 253 ; their precaution as to spittle, iii. 289
Tembadere, rain-maker at, ii. 3
Tempe, the Vale of, Apollo purged of the dragon's blood in, iv. 81, vi. 240
Temple, Sir R. C. , on the fear of spirits and ghosts among the Nicobarese, ix. 88
Temple at Jerusalem built without iron, iii. 230
Temple, the Inner and the Middle, Lords of Misrule in the, ix. 333
GENERAL INDEX
489
Temple church, Lord of Misrule in the,
i*. 333
Temple-tombs of kings, vi. 161 sq. , 167 sq., 170 sqq., 174. 194^.
Temples built in honour of living kings of Babylon, i. 417 ; built in honour of living kings of Egypt, i. 418 ; of dead kings in Africa, vi. 161 sq.t 167 sq., 170 sqq. , 194 sq. ; dedicated to sharks, viii. 292
Temporary king, ix. 403 sq. ; in Cam- bodia, iv. 148 ; in Siam, iv. 149 sqq., ix. 151
kings, taking the place of the real
kings for a time, iv. 148 sqq. \ their divine or magical functions, iv. 155 sqq.
reincarnation of the dead in their
living namesakes, iii. 371
Ten Thousand, the march of the, iii. 124
Tench, jaundice transferred to a, ix. 52
Tendi, Batta word for soul, iii. 45, 263. See also Tondi
Tendo, lagoon of, on the Ivory Coast, souls of dead in bats on the, viii. 287
Tenedos, sacrifice of infants to Melicertes in, iv. 162 ; human beings torn in pieces at the rites of Dionysus in, vii. 24 ; calf shod in buskins sacrificed to Dionysus in, vii. 33
Teneriffe, the Guanches of, i. 303
Tengaroeng in Borneo, swinging of priests and priestesses as a mode of inspiration at, iv. 280, 281
Tenggerese of Java, their story of the type of Beauty and the Beast, iv. 130 n.l\ sacrifice to volcano, v. 220 ; their sham fight at New Year, ix. 184
Tenimber Islands, treatment of the after- birth in the, i. 186 ; first-fruits offered to spirits of ancestors in the, viii. 123
and Timor-laut Islands, new-born
children passed through the smoke of fire in the, ii. 232 ».8
Tenos, the calendar of, viii. 6 «.
Tent of widow burnt at Midsummer in Morocco, x. 215
Tentyra (Denderah), temple of Osiris at, vi. 86
Teos, public curses in, i. 45 «.7
Tepehuanes of Mexico afraid of being photographed, iii. 97 ; personal names kept secret among the, iii. 325 ; their belief as to stepping over persons, iii. 424 ; their custom of adding sticks or stones to heaps, ix. 10
Tephrosia, devil's shoestring, in homoeo- pathic magic, i. 144
Termonde in Belgium, Midsummer fires at, x. 194
Terms of relationship used as terms of address, iii. 324 sq.
Ternate, in the Indian Archipelago, ii.
VOL, XII
in ; the natives of, names of objects tabooed to them at sea, iii. 414 ; the sultan of, his sacrifice of human vic- tims to a volcano, v. 220
Tertullian on Christians worshipping each other, i. 407 ; on the Etruscan crown, ii. 175 n.1 ; human sacrifices in the lifetime of, iv. 168 ; on the fasts of Isis and Cybele, v. 302 n.4 ; on the date of the Crucifixion, v. 306 n.°
Teshu Lama, the, ix. 203
— Lumbo in Tibet, celebration of Tibetan New Year's Day at, ix. 203
Teshub or Teshup, name of Hittite god, v. 135 »., 148 n.
Teso, the, of Central Africa, medicine- men dressed as women among the, vi. 257 ; their use of bells to exorcize fiends, ix. 246 sq.
Tessier, on the burning wheel at Konz, x. 164 n.1
Test of the reincarnation of the Heavenly Master, i. 413 ; of virginity by a flame, ii. 239 sq., x. 139 n. See also Tests
Testicles of rams in the rites of Attis, v. 269 n. ; of bull used in rites of Cybele and Attis, v. 276 ; of goats eaten by lecherous persons, viii. 142 ; of brave enemy eaten, viii. 148
Tests of the reincarnation of Grand Lamas, i. 411 ; of the reincarnation of the dead in the Niger Delta, {.411 w.1 ; undergone by girls at puberty, x. 25. See also Test
T£t, New Year festival in Annam, vi. 69
Tet pillar. See Ded pillar
Teti, king of Egypt, mentioned in the Pyramid Texts, vi. 5
Teton Indians, their attempt to deceive the ghosts of the spiders which they kill, viii. 236 sq.
Tettnang, in Wurtemburg, the He-goat at threshing at, vii. 286
Tetzcatlipoca or Tezcatlipoca, great Mexican god, viii. 165, ix. 276 ; man killed and eaten as the representative of, viii. 92 sq. ; young man annually sacrificed in the character of, ix. 276 sqq,
Teucer, son of Aeacus, king in Cyprus, ii. 278
and Ajax, names of priestly kings
of Olba, y."i44 sq.t 148, 161
— , son of Tarkuaris, priestly king of Olba, v. 151, 157
, son of Telamon, ii. 278 ; founds
Salamis in Cyprus, v. 145 ; said to have instituted human sacrifice, v. 146
— , son of Zenophanes, high priest of Olbian Zeus, v. 151
Teucrids, dynasty at Salamis in Cyprus,
v. 145 Teutates, Celtic god, xi. 80 «.*
2 I
490
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
Teutonic kings as priests, i. 47
peoples, bride race among the, ii.
303 sqq.
stories of the external soul, xi. no
sqq.
thunder-god, ii. 364
^— year reckoned from October ist, vi. 8 1
Texas, the Tonkawe Indians of, iii. 325 ; the Toukaway Indians of, xi. 276
Tezcatlipoca. See Tetzcatlipoca
Tezcuco, statue of the god Xipe from, ix. 291 n.1
Thahu, curse or pollution, among the Akikuyu, x. 81
Thakombau, Fijian chief, the War King, iii. 21 ; family who enjoyed the privi- lege of scratching him, iii. 131
Thalavettiparothiam, custom observed in Malabar, a competition for the privilege of being decapitated after a five years' reign, iv. 52 sq.
Thales on spirits, ix. 104
Thamus, an Egyptian pilot, and the death of the Great Pan, iv. 6 sq.
Thanda Pulayans, in India, their notion as to the phosphorescence of the sea, ii. 155 n.1
Thann, in Alsace, the Little May Rose at, ii. 74
Tharafah, on a custom of the heathen Arabs as to a boy's fallen tooth, i. 181
Thargelia, human scapegoats at the Greek festival of the, ix. 254, 255, 256, 257, 259, 272, 273
Thargelion, Greek harvest month, i. 32, vi. 239 ».*, viii. 8
Thatch of roof, children's cast teeth deposited in, i. 179 ; burnt as a charm against witchcraft, ii. 53 ; shorn hair hidden in, iii. 277
Thays of Indo-China, their offerings of first-fruits to their ancestors, viii. 121 ; their worship of spirits, ix. 97 sq. ; their customs after a burial, xi. 177 sq.
Theal, G. McCall, on the worship of ancestors among the Bantus, vi. 176 sq. ; on fear of demons among the Bantu tribes of South Africa, ix. 77 sq.
Theban priests, in Egypt, their determina- tion of the solar year, vi. 26
Thebes, the Boeotian, grave of Eteocles and Polynices at, ii. 33 ; the women of, muffled their faces, iii. 122; festival of the Laurel-bearing at, iv. 78 sq. , 88 sq.t vi. 241 ; founded by Cadmus, iv. 88 ; stone lion at, v. 184 «.8; grave of Dionysus at, vii. 14 ; Dionysus torn to pieces at, vii. 14, 25 ; the Thesmophoria at, viii. 17 ».2 ; effigies of Judas burnt at Easter in, x. 130 sq.
Thebes in Egypt, temple of the sun-god at i. 67 sq. ; the human consort of Ammo at, ii. 130^.; priestly dynasty at, ii 134 ; high priests of Ammon at, ii 134 ; priestly kings of, iii. 13 ; tempi of Ammon at, v. 72 ; the Memnoniur at, vi. 35 n. ; the Valley of the King at, vi. 90 ; annual sacrifice of ram t Ammon at, viii. 41, 172
TheckydaW) annual expulsion of demor in Tonquin, ix. 147 sq.
Theddora tribe of South- East Australi ate the hands and feet of their foes, vii
151
Theebaw, king of Burma, his relatior
beaten to death, iii. 242 Theias, a Syrian king, father of Adoni;
v- 43 «A 55 «-4
Theism late in human history, vi. 41
Then, spirits, among the Thay of Ind China, ix. 97
Thensae, sacred cars at the Circensia games in Rome, ii. 175 n.1
Theocracies in America, iii. 6
Theocracy, government by human god i. 386 ; in the Pelew Islands, tendenc to, vi. 208
Theocritus, witch in, i. 206 ; on a image of Demeter, vii. 43 ; on tl harvest-home in Cos, vii. 46 sq.
Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, h denunciation of a heathen practice, x 190 sq.
Theodosius and Honorius, decree o against the burning of effigies Haman by the Jews, ix. 392
Theogamy, divine marriage, ii. 121
Theology distinguished from religioi i. 223 ; the gods at first mortal i Brahman, i. 373 n.1 ; vague thougl of a crude, iii. 3 n. ; cruel ritual dilute into a nebulous, ix. 411
Theophrastus, on the woods of Latiun ii. 1 88 ; on the woods used by tl Greeks in kindling fire, ii. 251 ; c the artificial fertilization of fig-tree ii. 314 n.2', on the flowering of squill vii. 53 n.1 ; on the custom of plougl ing the land thrice, vii. 73 n.1 ; on tl different kinds of mistletoe, xi. 317
Theopompus, on sexual communisi among the Etruscans, ii. 207 ; wii prize of eloquence at Halicarnassu iv. 95 ; on the names of the season vi. 41
Theory of sacrifice, the Brahmanical, i. 410 sq. ; solar theory of the Europea fire-festivals, x. 329, 331 sqq. ; purii catory theory of the European fir festivals, x. 329 sq.t 341 sqq.
Thera, worship of the Mother of tl Gods in, v. 280 n.1
GENERAL INDEX
491
Therapia, near Constantinople, effigies of Judas burnt at Easter in, x. 131
Thermopylae, the Spartans at, v. 197 w.1 ; the hot springs of, v. 210 sqq.
Theseus offers his hair to Apollo at Delphi, i. 28
and Ariadne, iv. 75
and Hippolytus, i. 19
Thesmophoria, ancient Greek festival celebrated by women in October, viii. 17 sqq. ; release of prisoners at the, iii. 316 ; chastity of women at the, v. 43 «.4, vii. 116 ; sacrifice of cakes and pigs to serpents at the, v. 88, viii. 17 sq. ; pine-cones at the, v. 278 ; fast of the women at the, vi. 40 sq. ; seeds of pomegranates not eaten at the, vii. 14 ; indecencies at the, vii. 63 ; descent and ascent of Persephone at the, viii. 17 ; its analogy with folk-customs of Northern Europe, viii. 20 sq.
Thessalian witch, her love-charm, iii. 270 ; consulted by Sextus Pompeius, iii. 390
Thessalians, their festival of the Peloria, resembling the Saturnalia, ix. 350
Thessaly, kings of, i. 47 n. ; rain- making among the Greeks of, i. 272 sq. ; Crannon in, i. 309
Thetis and her infant son, how she tried to make him immortal by fire, v. 180
Thevet, F. A., on the importance of medicine-men among the Indians of Brazil, i. 358 sq.
Thief wears a toad's heart to escape detection, x. 302 n.2. See also Thieves
Thief's charm among the South Slavs, *• J53 1 garments beaten instead of thief, i. 206 sq. ; name boiled, iii.
33i
Thiers, J. B. , on the Yule log, x. 250 ; on gathering herbs at Midsummer, xi. 45 n. * ; on belief concerning worm- wood, xi, 6 1 «.x
Thieves, transmigration of souls of, into animals, viii. 299 ; detected by divin- ing-rod, xi. 68
Thieves' candles, i. 148, 149, 236
Thigh, sinew of the, customs and myths as to, viii. 264 sqq.
Thighs of diseased cattle cut off and hung up as a remedy, x. 296 n.1
Things, homoeopathic magic of inani- mate, i. 157 sqq. ; tabooed, iii. 224 sqq.
Thinis, in Egypt, the mummy of Anhouri at, iv. 4 sq.
Thiodolf, the poet, on King Aun's sacri- fice of his sons at Upsala, iv. 161
Third marriage regarded as unlucky, ii.
57 «-4
Thirst, transference of, in ancient Hindoo ritual, ix. 38
Thirty years, the Sed festival held nomin- ally at intervals of, vi. 151
years' cycle of the Druids, xi. 77
Years' War, plague during the,
ix. 64
Thistles, as a charm to keep off witches, ii. 339. 340
Thlinkeet or Tlingit Indians, the, viii. 253 ; think that stormy weather may be caused by combing hair, iii. 271. See Tlingit
shamans, their use of the tongues
of otters and eagles, viii. 270
Thomas, N. W. , as to the doctrine of souls among the Angass, xi. 210 n.2
Thomas, W. E. , on human god of the Makalakas, i. 394 n.3
Thomas the Rhymer, verses ascribed to, on the mistletoe at Errol, xi. 283 sq.
Thompson Indians of British Columbia, ceremonies performed by girls at puberty among the, i. 70 ; dances of women during absence of warriors among the, i. 132 sq. ; their custom as to children's cast teeth, i. 181 ; their treatment of the navel-string, i. 197 ; their contagious magic of foot- prints, i. 212 ; their way of stopping rain, i. 253 ; their beliefs and customs concerning twins, i. 264 sq. ; their belief as to the loon and rain, i. 288 ; their superstition as to killing a frog, i. 293 ; their reverence for sunflower roots, ii. 13 ; the fire-drill of the, ii. 208 ; their custom of not sleeping the night after a death, iii. 37 sq. ; recovery of lost souls by shamans among the, iii. 57 sq. ; think that the setting sun draws away men's souls, iii. 65 ; their fear of witchcraft at meals, iii. 117 ; customs of mourners among the, iii. 142 sq. ; their custom after killing an enemy, iii. 181 ; their con- tinence and other observances before hunting, iii. 198 ; their disposal of their loose hair, iii. 278 sq. ; burned their nail-parings for fear of witch- craft, iii. 282 ; their children may not name the coyote in winter, iii. 399 ; their ceremonies before eating the first berries or roots of the season, viii. 81 sq. ; offered first berries of season to the earth or the mountains, viii. 133 sq. ; will not eat the fool-hen lest they grow foolish, viii. 140 ; their belief in the assimilation of men to their guar- dian animals, viii. 207 ; their pro- pitiation of slain bears, viii. 226 ; their superstitions in regard to killing deer, viii. 242 ; custom observed by man whose daughter has just reached puberty among the, viii. 268 ; their charms
492
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
against ghosts, ix. 154 n. ; seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 49
** sqq. ; their dread of menstruous women, x. 89 sq. ; prayer of adoles- cent girl among the, x. 98 n.1 ; sup- posed invulnerability of initiated men among the, xi. 275 sq. ; their ideas as to wood of trees struck by lightning, xi. 297
Thomsdorf, in Germany, story of an immortal girl told at, x. 99
Thomson, Basil, on circumcision in Fiji, xi. 244 'n.1 ; on the Nanga in Fiji, xi. 244 ».2
Thomson, Joseph, on the fear of photo- graphy among the Wa-teita, iii. 98
Thonga, Bantu tribe of South Africa, their belief in serpents as reincarna- tions of the dead, v. 82 ; their pre- sentation of infants to the moon, vi. 144 sq, ; worship of the dead among the, vi. 1 80 sq. \ seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 29 sq. ; will not use the wood of trees struck by lightning, xi. 297 ; think lightning caused by a bird, xi. 297 n.6. See also Ba-Thonga
Thouga chiefs buried secretly, vi. 104^.
Thongs, legends as to new settlements enclosed by, vi. 249 sq.
Thor, the Norse thunder god, equivalent to the Teutonic Donar or Thunar, li. 364 ; his hammers, i. 248 n.1 ; fought for Balder, x. 103
Thorn, external soul in a, xi. 129 ; mistletoe on a, xi. 291 ».8
Thorn-bushes as charms against witches, ii. 338 ; to keep off ghosts, iii. 142, xi. 174 sq.
Thorns, wreaths of, hung up as a sign to warn off strangers, ix. 140
Thorny branches used to keep out witches, ix. 161
— shrubs, a protection against witches, n. 338
Thoth, Egyptian god of wisdom, at the marriage of the Queen of Egypt to Ammon, ii. 131 ; how he added five days to the Egyptian year, vi. 6 ; teaches Isis a spell to restore the dead to life, vi. 8 ; restores the eye of Horus, vi. 17 ; how he outwitted the Sun-god Ra, ix. 341
Thoth, the first month of the Egyptian year, vi. 36, 93 sqq.
Thothmes I., king of Egypt, the god Ammon in the likeness of, ii. 131, 132
— IV. , king of Egypt, the god Ammon in the likeness of, ii. 131, 132
Thought, the web of, xi, 307 sq, Thrace, the Edonians of, i. 366 ; the grave of Ares in, iv. 4 ; worship of
Dionysus in, vii. 3 ; the Bacchanals of, vii. 17 ; modern Carnival customs in, vii. 25 sqq.t viii. 331 sqq. ; Abdera in, ix. 254 Thracian gods ruddy and blue-eyed, iii
387 villages, custom at Carnival in, vi.
99 sq. Thracians threatened the thunder god,
ii. 183 n.2', funeral games held by the,
iv. 96 ; their contempt of death, iv,
142 Thrashing people to do them good, ix
262 sqq. See also Beating and Whip
ping
Thread, red, in popular cure, ix. 55 or string used to tie soul to body
iii. 32^., 43, 51 Threads hung on trees, ii. 34 ; knotted,
in magic, iii. 303, 304^., 307; usec
to transfer illnesses to trees, ix. 55 , red, tied to cattle as a protectioi
against witchcraft, ii. 336 Threatening the thunder god, ii. 183 n. the spirits of fruit-trees, ii. 20 sqq.
x. 114 Three days, taboos observed for, a
bringing home the Soul of the Rice
vii. 198 sq.
Holy Kings, the divining -roc
baptized in the name of the, xi. 68
Kings on Twelfth Day, ix. 329 sqq
knots in magic, iii. 304, 305
leaps over bonfire, x. 214, 215
years, chief killed at end of reigr
of, iv. 113. See also Thrice Thresher tied up in last sheaf, vii. 134
147, 148 ; of last sheaf treated as ai
animal, vii. 271
of the last corn called the Corn
pug, vii. 273 ; called Goat or Oats goat, vii. 286 ; called the Cow, vii 291 ; called the Bull, vii. 291 ; callec the Sow, vii. 298, 299 ; disguised ai a wolf, viii. 327
Threshers, contests between, vii. 147 sqq. 218, 219 sq. , 221 sq, , 223 sq., 253 pretend to throttle or thresh people 01 threshing-floor, vii. 149^., 230; tie( in straw and thrown into water, vii 224 sq.
Thresher-cow, name given to man wh threshes the last corn, in the Cantoi of Zurich, vii. 291
Threshing, customs at, vii. 134, 147 sqq. 203, 221 sq., 223, 223 sq.t 225 sq. 230, 271, 273, 274 sq., 277, 281 286 sq., 290 sqq. , 297, 298^.; con tests in, vii. 218 sqq. ; corn-spirit kill* at, vii. 291 sq.
in Attica, date of, viii. 4
in Greece, date of, VSi. 62
GENERAL INDEX
493
Threshing-dog, name given to man who gives the last stroke with the flail, vii. 371
floor, stalks of corn knotted as a
charm on a, iii. 308 sq. \ Demeter associated with the, vii. 41 sq. , 43, 47, 6 1 sq. , 63, 64 sq. ; the festival of the, at Eleusis, vii. 60 sqq. ; of Trip- tolemus at Eleusis, vii. 61, 72, 75 ; strangers treated as embodiments of the corn-spirit on the, vii. 230 ; sanctity of the, viii. 110 «.4
Threshing corn by oxen, vi. 45
Threshold, shells on, i. 158 ; the caul (chorion) buried under the, i. 200 ; personal relics buried by witch under the, i. 206 «.4 ; guarded against witches on Walpurgis Night by flowers, sods, and thorny branches, ii. 52, 54, 55, ix. 163 ; protected against witches on Walpurgis Night by knives, ii. 55, ix. 162 ; cut hair buried under the, iii. 276 sq. ; burial of infants under the, v. 93 sq. ; nail knocked into, to prevent death entering, ix. 63 «.4 ; shavings from the, burnt, xi. 53
Thrice, custom of spitting thrice to avert evil, iv. 63 ; Greek custom of ploughing land thrice, vii. 72 sq. ; to crawl thrice under a bramble as a cure, xi. 180 ; to pass thrice through a wreath of woodbine, xi. 184
born, said of Brahmans, i. 381
Thrice-ploughed field, Plutus begotten on a, vii. 208
Throne, sanctity of the king's, i. 365 ; reverence for the, iv. 51
Throttling, a punishment for incest, ii. 1 10 ; farmer's wife at threshing, pre- tence of, vii. 150 ; strangers at thresh- ing, pretence of, vii. 230
Throwing of sticks or stones interpreted as an offering or token of respect, ix. 20 sqq. , 25 sqq. ; as a mode of rid- dance of evil, ix. 23 sqq. ; or striking blindfold, xi. 279 «.4
Thrumalun, a mythical being in Australia who kills and resuscitates novices at initiation, xi. 233. See also Daramulun and Thuremlin
Thrushes deposit seeds of mistletoe, xi. 316 a.1
Thucydides on military music, v. 196 ».8 ; on the sailing of the fleet for Syracuse, v. 226 «.4
OtJct^ distinguished from ivaylfav, v. 316 ft.1
Thule, ceremony in Thule at the annual reappearance of the sun, ix. 125 w.1
Thumbs snapped to prevent the de-
parture of the soul, iii. 31 ; of dead enemies cut off, viii. 272
Thunar or Donar, the German thunder god, ii. 364
Thunder, imitation of, in a Russian rain -charm, i. 248 ; kings expected to make, ii. 180 sq. \ thought to be the roll of the drums of the dead, ii. 183 ; rain, sky, and oak, god of the, ii. 349 sq. ; Esthonian prayer to, ii. 367 sq. ; expiation for hearing, iii. 14 ; the first heard in spring, offering of grain to guardian ancestral spirit at, viii. 121 ; the first peal heard in spring, peas cooked and eaten at, ix. 144 ; demon of, exorcized by bells, ix. 246 sq. ; associated with the oak, x. 145 ; Midsummer fires a protection against, x. 176 ; charred sticks of Midsummer bonfire a pro- tection against, x. 184, 192 ; ashes of Midsummer fires a protection against, x. 190 ; brands from the Midsummer fires a protection against, x. 191 ; certain flowers at Midsummer a pro- tection against, xi. 54, 58, 59 ; the sound of bull-roarers thought to imitate, xi. 228 sqq. See also Lightning
and lightning, imitation of, in
rain -making ceremonies, i. 248, 309 sq. ', sacrifices to, v. 157; the Syrian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Hittite god of, v. 163 sq. \ the Yule log, a protection against, x. 248, 249, 250, 252, 253, 254, 258, 264 ; bon- fires a protection against, x. 344 ; smoke of Midsummer herbs a pro- tection against, xi. 48 ; vervain a pro- tection against, xi. 62 ; name given to bull-roarers, xi. 231 sq.
and oak, the Aryan god of the, it
356 sqq., x. 265
Thunder-beings, among the Teton In- dians, viii. 237
" -besom," name applied to mistle- toe and other bushy excrescences on trees, xi. 85, 301 ; a protection against thunderbolts, xi. 85
bird in rain-making, i. 309 ; the
mythical, painted on screens behind which girls at puberty hide, x. 44
god, threatening the, ii. 183 «.*;
black victims sacrificed for rain to the, ii. 367 ; conceived as a deity of fertility, ii. 368 sqq. \ of the Hittites, with a bull and an axe as his emblems, v. 134 sqq.
M -poles," oak -sticks charred in
Easter bonfires, x. 145
totem, in the Mungarai tribe of
Northern Australia, v. 101
Thunderbolt as emblem of the Hittite
494
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
thunder-god, v. 134, 136 ; as emblem * of the Syrian, Babylonian, and Assyrian thunder-god, v. 163
Thunderbolt and ears of corn, emblem of the Syrian god Hadad, v. 163
of Indra, i. 269
, Zeus, surnamed the, worshipped at
Olympia and elsewhere, ii. 361
Thunderbolts, kings killed by, ii. 181 ; flint implements regarded as, ii. 374 ; prehistoric celts called thunderbolts, x. 14 sq.
Thunderstorms, death or disappearance of Roman kings in, ii. 181 sqq. ; thought to be caused by the spirits of the dead, ii. 183, 183 n.'2 ; caused by cut hair, ii. 271, 282 ; caused by hair- cutting, lii. 265 ; and hail caused by \\itches, x. 344J; Midsummer flowers a protection against, xi. 48
Thuremlm, a mythical being who kills lads at initiation and restores them to life, xi. 227. See also Daiamulun
Thurgau, the Canton of, man who cuts the last corn called the Corn -goat at harvest in, vii. 283 ; last sheaf called Cow in, vii. 289 ; man who threshes the last corn called the Corn-bull in, vii. 291
Thiiringen (Thuringia), homoeopathic magic at sowing flax in, i. 136 ; the Little Leaf Man in, ii. 80 sq. ; May King at Whitsuntide in, ii. 84 sq. ; wolves not to be named between Christmas and Twelfth Night in, in. 396 ; Whitsuntide mummers in, iv. 208 ; Carrying out Death in, iv. 235 sq. ; the Old Corn-woman at thresh- ing in, vii. 147, 276, 290, 291 ; custom at threshing in, vii. 222 ; the mythical Rush-cutter [Dinsenschneider] in, vii. 230 n.° ; the Little Wood-woman at harvest in, vii. 232 ; last sheaf called the Harvest-cock at Wti nchensuhl in, vii. 276 ; man who gives the last stroke at threshing called the Cow at Wurmlin- gen in, vii. 290 ; treatment of farmer who is last at threshing at Herbreeht- ingen in, vii. 291 ; saying as to the wind in the corn in, vii. 298 ; expulsion of witches in, ix. 160 ; Halberstadt in, ix. 214 ; custom of beating people on Holy Innocents' Day in, ix. 271. See also Thuringia
Thuringia (Thiiringen), custom at eclipses in, x. 162 n. ; Midsummer fires in, x. 169, xi. 40 ; Schweina in, x. 265 ; belief as to magical properties of the fern in, xi. 66 sq. See Thiiringen
Thurn, Sir E. F. im, on the objection of the Indians of Guiana to tell their names, iii. 324 sq. ; on Indian want
of discrimination between animals and men, viii. 204 ; on the fear of demons among the Indians of Guiana, ix. 78
Thursday, Thunar's Day, ii. 364; Maundy, church bells silenced on, x. 125 n.1
Thurso, witches as cats at, x. 317
Thurston, Edgar, on votive images of the Kusavans, i. 56 n.s ; on dancing- girls in India, v. 62 ; on the trans- ference of sins to a buffalo calf among the Badagas, ix. 36 sq. ; on the fire- walk of the Badagas, xi. 9
Thyatira, hero Tyrimnus at, v. 183 n.
Thyestes and Atreus claimed the throne of Mycenae in virtue of a golden lamb,
i- 365
Thyiads, college of women at Delphi, devoted to worship of Bacchus, i. 46
Thymbria, sanctuary of Charon at, v. 205
Thyme burnt in Midsummer fire, x. 213 ; wild, gathered on Midsummer Day, xi. 64
Tiaha, Arab tribe of Moab, shave the prisoners whom they release, iii. 273
Tiamat, dragon, embodiment of the watery chaos, mythical Babylonian monster, iv. 105, 108, ix. 410
and Marduk, iv. 105 sq. , 107 sq.
Tiber, grove of Dia on the, ii. 122 ; puppets annually thrown from the Sublician bridge into the, viii. 107 ; in flood, ix. 65
Tiberius, the Emperor, refused the oak crown, ii. 177 n? ; dedicated a chapel to the Julii at Bovillae, ii. 180 n. ; his inquiries as to the death of Pan, iv. 7 ; his attempt to put down Cartha- ginian sacrifices of children, iv. 168 ; persecuted the Egyptian religion, vi.
95 w-1 Tibet, the Grand Lamas of, i. 411 sq. ;
incarnate human gods in, i. 413;
vicarious use of images to save sick
people in, viii. 103 ; heaps of stones
or sticks in, ix. 12 ; prayers at cairns
in, ix. 29 ; demonolatry in, ix. 94 ;
human scapegoats in, ix. 218 sqq. \
sixty years' cycle in, xi. 78 ». Tibetan New Year, ceremonies at the,
ix. 197 sq. , 203, 218 sqq. Tibetans put effigies at doors of houses
to deceive demons, viii. 96 sq. Tibullus on the rising of Sirius, vi. 34 n.1 Tibur, Vestals at, i. 13 sq. Ticunas of the Amazon, ordeal of young
men among the, x. 62 sq. of Brazil tear out the hair of girls
at puberty, iii. 282 Tide, Cimbrians take arms against the,
i. 331 «.8 Tides, homoeopathic magic of the, i ,
1 66 SQQ.
GENERAL INDEX
495
Tidore, i. 125
Tiegenhof, in Prussia, custom of reapers at binding the corn near, vii. 137
Tiete, C. P., on the deification of Egyptian kings, i. 419 sq. \ on rock- hewn sculptures at Boghaz-Keui, v. 140 u.1; on the death of Saracus, vi. 174 «.2 ; on Isis, vi. 115 ; on the nature of Osiris, vi. 126 «.2
Tien-tai Mountains, in China, voluntary deaths of Buddhist monks on the, iv. 42
Tiengum-Mana, a tribe of New Guinea, their mode of making fire, ii. 254
Tifata, Mount, the oak woods of, ii. 280 ; temple of Diana on, ii. 280
Tiger, gall-bladder of tiger eaten to make eater brave, vni. 145 sq.
, a Batta totem, xi. 223
Tiger clan, in Mandeling, viii. 216 ; mem- bers of, pay honour to dead tigers, viii.
293
-spirits expelled in a raft, ix. 199
Tiger's flesh eaten to make eater brave,
viii. 145 ghost, deceiving a, vi. 263, viii.
155 «.4 ; appeasing a, viii. 293
skin at inauguration of a king, x. 4
Tigers not called by their proper names,
iii. 401, 402, 403 sq. , 408, 411, 415;
called dogs for euphemism, iii. 402 ;
called jackals for euphemism, iii. 402,
403 ; souls of the dead transmigrate
into, iv. 85, viii. 293 ; ceremonies at
killing, viii. 155 n.5, 215, 216 sq. ;
respected in Sumatra, viii. 215 sq. ;
kinship of men with, viii. 216 Tiglath-Pileser III., king of Assyria, v.
14, 16, 163 n.9 Tigre-speakmg tribes to the north of
Abyssinia, their fear to fell fruit-trees,
ii. 19 Tii, Egyptian queen, mother of Ameno-
phis IV., vi. 123 n.1 Tikopia, island of, epidemic sickness sent
away in a small canoe from, ix.
189 Tille, A. , on beginning of the Teutonic
winter, vi. 81 «.a Tilling the earth treated as a crime,
viii. 57 Tillot, canton of, in Lothringen, ' ' killing
the Old Woman " at threshing in the,
vii. 223 Tilsit district, the last sheaf left for the
Old Rye-woman in the, vii. 232 Tilton, E. L. , on burning the Carnival
at Pylos, iv. 232 sq.
Timber used in house-building, homoeo- pathic magic of, i. 146 ; of houses,
tree-spirits propitiated in, ii. 39 sq. ;
not to oe cut while the corn is green,
ii. 49 ; felled in the waning of the moon, vi. 133, 135^., 137
Tim bo, in French Guinea, dances at sowing at, ix. 235
Time, Greek and Latin modes of reckon- ing intervals of, iv. 59 ; personification of periods of time too abstract to be primitive, ix. 230
Timekeepers, natural, vii. 53
Timmes, the, of Sierra Leone beat their kings before their coronation, iii. 18 ; their secret society, xi. 260 n.1
Timoleon, funeral games at Syracuse in his honour, iv. 94
Timor, island of, telepathy of high- priest of, in war, i. 128 sq. ; treat- ment of the placenta in, i. 190 ; the marriage of the Sun and Earth deemed the source of all fertility in, ii. 99 n.1 ; sacrifice to crocodiles in, ii. 152 ; fetish or taboo rajah in, iii. 24 ; speaker holds his hand before his mouth in, iii. 122 ; customs as to war in, iii. 165 sq. ; theory of earthquakes in, v. 197 ; burial of woman who has died in childbed in, viii. 98 ; kinship of men with crocodiles in, viii. 212 ; transference of fatigue to leaves in, ix. 8 ; belief in the spirits of the dead in, ix. 85. See also Timorese
Timor fecit deos, ix. 93
Timorese, their sacrifices for rain and sunshine, i. 291
Timorlaut Islands, treatment of the after- birth in the, i. 186 ; married men may not poll their hair in the, iii. 260 ; first- fruits offered to spirits of ancestors in the, viii. 123 ; mourners rub themselves with the juices of the dead in the, viii. 163 ; dead turtles propitiated by fisher- men in the, viii. 244 ; the tug-of-war in the, ix. 176 ; demons of sicknesses expelled in a proa from the, ix. 185 sq.
Timotheus on the death of Attis, v. 264 n.4
lin-egin, forced fire (need-fire) among the Highlanders of Scotland, ii. 238-
Tin ore, Malay superstitions as to, iii. 407
Tinchebray in Normandy, ix. 183
Tinguianes of the Philippines reluctant to name the dead, iii. 353
Tinneh or Dene" Indians, the power of medicine-men among the, i. 357 ; re- call of lost souls among the, iii. 45 ; taboos observed by those who have handled a corpse among the, iii. 143 ; their fear and avoidance of menstruous women, iii. 145^., x. 91 sqq. ; their refusal to taste blood, iii. 240 sq. ; their belief as to falling stars, iv. 65 ; their
496
THE GOLDEN BOUGH
magical ceremony to procure game, ^iv. 278 ; seclusion of girls at puberty ' ampng the, x. 47 sqq. Tinneh Indians of Alaska, their ceremonies
at killing a wolf, viii. 220 • Indians of North- West America, ceremonies observed by them before eating the first wild berries or roots of the season, viii. 80 sq. Tinnevelly, the Kappiliyans of, x. 69 Tipperary, county of, were-wolves in, x. 310 n.1 ; woman burnt as a witch in, x. 323 sq. Tiraspol, in Russia, collective suicide in,
iv. 45 n.1
Tiree, Hebridean island, vii. 140 ; the
need-fire in, x. 148 ; the Beltane cake
in, x. 149 ; witch as sheep in, x. 316
Tiru-kalli-kundram, dancing-girls at, v.
61
Tirunavayi temple, near Calicut, attack on the King of Calicut every twelfth year at the, iv. 49 sq. Titane, chrine of Aesculapius at, v. 81 Titans attack and kill Dionysus, vii. la
sq., 17. 32 Tithe-offering dedicated to Apollo, iv.
187 n.6
Tithorea, festivals of Isis at, viii. 18 n.1 Titicaca, Lake, thunder -god of the
Indians about, ii. 370 Tivor, god or victim, in Norse, x.
103 n. Tiyans of Malabar, their seclusion of
girls at puberty, x. 68 sq. Tjingilli tribe of Central Australia, their cure for headache, ix. 2
, the, of Northern Australia, their way of making rain by means of a bandicoot, i. 288 Tjumba, island of, harvest festival in the,
viii. 122 Tlacaxipeualiztli, ' ' The Flaying of Men, "
a Mexican festival, ix. 296 Tlacopan, city of Mexico, idol of paste
eaten as a sacred food in, viii. 91 Tlactga or Tlachtga in Ireland, pagan cemetery at, iv. 101 ; new fire annually kindled on Hallowe'en at, x. 139 Tlaloc, the Mexican water- god, girls drowned in his honour, ii. 158 sq. ; Mexican god of thunder and rain, vii. 237 ; temple of, in Mexico, ix. 284, 292 Tlaxcallan in Mexico, the goddess Xochi-
quetzal worshipped at, vii. 237 Tlemcen, in Algeria, rain-making at, i. 250 sq. ; orgies of the AJsawa order at, vii. 22 n.1 ; fowl used to divert jinn from pregnant women at, ix. 31 Tlingit (Thlinkeet) Indians of Alaska, their respectful treatment of the first
halibut of the season, riii. 25* seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 45 sq. See also Thlinkeet
Tlokoala, a secret society of the Nootka Indians, xi. 271
Tmolus, Mount, the Birthplace of Rainy Zeus on, ii. 360
Toad in charm to avert a storm, i. 325 ; soul in form of, iii. 42 ». ; figure of, at bear-feasts of the Gilyaks, viii. 193, 194 ; soul of dead man in a, viii. 291 ; as scapegoat, ix. 135, 193, 206 sq. ; witch in form of a, x. 323. See also Toads
Toad clan among the Carrier Indians, xi.
273
— -stools thrown into Midsummer bonfires as a charm, x. 172
Toad's heart worn by a thief to prevent detection, x. 302 n.2
Toads in relation to rain, i. 292, 292 «.* ; burnt alive in Devonshire, x. 302
Toaripi or Motumotu, of New Guinea, magical telepathy among the, i. 125 ; sorcerers regarded as chiefs among the, i- 337 sq. I their rule as to menstruous women, x. 84. See Motumotu
Toba, Lake, in Sumatra, prince wor- shipped as a deity on the shore of, i. 398
Tobacco thrown on troubled water, !. 321 ; smoke, priest inspired by, i. 384 ; used as an emetic, viii. 73 ; first of season, ceremony at smoking, viii. 82
Tobarrath-Bhuathaig, a magical well in the island of Gigha, i. 323
Tobas, Indian tribe of the Gran Chaco, their custom of secluding girls at puberty, x. 59
Tobelorese of Halmahera, their rites of initiation, xi. 248
Tobolbel, custom of putting chiefs to death in the Pelew Islands, vi. 266
Toboongkoo (Toboengkoe), the, of Central Celebes, their treatment of the afterbirth, i. 189 ; careful not to frighten away the spirit of the rice, ii. 28 ; their offerings to tree -spirits before felling timber, ii. 35; their recall of lost souls, iii. 48 ; forbid children to play with their shadows, iii. 78 ; mock human sacrifices among the, iv. 219; riddles among the, ix. 122 «. ; custom observed by widower among the, xi. 178^.
Tocandeira, native name for the Crypto- cerus atratus, F., ant, used by the Mauhes to .sting boys as an ordeal x. 62
Tocantins River, the Chavantes Indians on the, iv. za ».8
GENERAL INDEX
497
Toci, Mexican goddess, sacrifice of woman in the costume and ornaments of, ix. 289 sqq.
Tod, J., on rites of goddess Gouri, v. 241 sq.
Todas, a tribe of Southern India, offer silver images of buffaloes, i. 56 ; con- fusion of magic with religion among the, i. 230 n. ; divine milkmen of the,