CHAPTER XXXI.

KXIGHTS OF THE MACCABEES.
The modern Order of the Maccabean Knighthood is built upon the tradition and history of the ancient Mac- cabean dynasty, the achievements of which are recorded in the books of the Maccabees in the Old Testament. It has all the characteristics which make it fall under the ban of the Church. It is a secret oath-bound society, has a ritual of its own, etc., as will be seen by extracts from the same. The Order was founded in 1878, by members of the Order of Foresters, Freemasons, etc., at London, Ontario, and spreads to-day nearly all over the northern states. Among the different objects of the organization, paragraph 6 says: "to educate the mem- bers socially, morally and intellectually." A ritual was prepared and adopted. The same prescribes : "The altar is to stand in the center of the hall, covered with drapery, as follows: the top black, the sides red, six inches deep, and four inches of white added to the red ; or four inches of white fringe may be used. On this will be placed the Bible and circle, upon which the obligation is taken."
Among the diiferent officers the Chaplain is sixth in order. The constitution says : "He shall perform such
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duties as the ritual prescribes, and as may be ordered from time to time l^y the Supreme Tent,"
''The liat for the chapkin shall be plain black, in shape of a tent, with the addition of a scarlet mitre in front of tlie hat, and maltose cross in front of mitre." His jewel is "Bible open with inscription '2d book' on top, and in the center the word 'Chap/ "
At the opening of a tent, as the meetings are called, the Chaplain is called u])on bv the Sir Knight Lieuten- ant Commander: "The Prelate will now perform his all-im])ortant duty."
Prayer of the Prelate :
"Almighty and eternal Cod, the creator of all, we im])lore Thee to look down upon us at this time and give us Thy divine assistance in furthering Thy holy will among our fellow inen. Assist us, we ])ray Thee, to build up our Order for the benefit of ourselves, and the protection of the widow and orphan, wherever dispersed over this Thy footstool^ and may all mankind learn to walk in the paths of righteousness. Amen.
Jicsponse by all : "AnuMi I Amen I Amen !"
The camlidate for admission is partly undressed, a large pack is ])laced on his back, a hood-wink over his vyv^, a girdle around the waist, a staff in haml, with novice hat on for the lirst rece])tion. He has to pass through several mock examinations as to his physical ability, etc.
The Sir Knight Commander examines the candidate ca.refully, testing his ])ulse. sounding his chest, feeling the muscles of his arms aiul legs and Avhirling him around rpiickly. The Past Commander examines him
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in the same manner, after which he is commanded to *'pass on/' As the candidate passes the Record Keeper's station, that officer holds him and examines him in the same manner, but with more care; testing his pulse, measuring his chest and sounding his lungs. The ex- amination is not satisfactory, and the Sir Knight Com- mander says : "Guards, it is my orders, that you at once conduct the stranger to the ante-room, and turn him over to the executioner, who will inflict the severest pen- alty prescribed by our laws. Away with him. Let jus- tice be done."
The candidate is hurried to the ante-room, the Sir Knights crying out as he passes down the hall : "Away with him, execute him — he must die," making great noise at the same time.
The order for expulsion is revoked and the candidate is conducted to the Prelate, who addresses him thus :
"Whereas, our forefathers, the Maccabees, were bound together in holy bonds of brotherhood to protect their members and ^families from persecution and want,- so we, the members of this illustrious Order, will, so far as in our power lies, imitate their glorious example by sup- porting and defending the helpless and innocent throughout the whole inhabitable globe. As kinsmen, we greet you, but to prove your sincerity and courage, you must pass through three years of warfare, when, if you prove faithful and escape the dangers of war, we will
receive you in tent, No , there to partake of
equal share and part in the spoils of all our victories." The candidate is led several times around the room.
during which time an ode is sung, a portion of which reads thus:
"See the stranger, how he comes. Grasp your arms both true and strong,
For we know not whether he's friend or foe; Give him battle, test his mettle, "' "''
Try his courage both well and long, ; ;
Even if in death the stranger is laid low.''
The candidate is then brought before the Sir Knight Commander and the following takes place :
Sir Knight Com. : '^Halt^ stranger, from whence come YOU ?"
Candidate (by Master-of-Arms) : "From a far coun- try, to unite with our kinsmen, the Knights of the Mac- cabees."
Sir Knight Com. : "AYhat is your object ?"
Candidate : "'To assist in the protection of humanity, and more particularly the widows and orphans."
Sir Knight Com.: "Yotir object is divine, and if we find you worthy Ave will give you a glorious reception. You will now proceed to the field of battle and report'at the end of the second year. If you are a man of iron nerve and indomitable will, you wiil return unscathed and unharmed; but if you show a craven, cowardly spirit, not having the courage to assert your rights, and a daring to maintain them, the officers and members of this tent cannot, nor Will they be responsible for your fate. You have passM through one year of light war- fare. The second year will be hiore sanguinary, testing to a still greater degree your physical and moral cour- age. You will therefore arm yourself as becomes a valiant Knight, and march again to the battle-field. There you will meet with an overpowering force, who will dispute your rights to pass through their territory.
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which ■ you will find strongly fortified- at every point. IN^one but a brave, lion-hearted man can possibly over- (^ome them. You must win or you must die. There will he no chance for retreat, no avenue open for escape. Should you falter, yOu will fall on a desolate and barren field. Your body: will become food for vultures, whilst J^our bones will be left to bleach in the heat of a torrid sun. Your name ever after will be a stench in the nos- trils of brave men the world over, and your posterity will have to bear the disgrace of your cowardice for all times to come. You stake your honor, your happiness, hay, your life in the struggle.- Be courageous, firm and unyielding, ever ready to protect humanity, especially the widows and orphans, and all will be well. Forward, march."
(The guards then conduct the candidate rapidly three times around the hall; 'obstructions should be placed in his path. This can be done with bags filled with- shav- ings or other light substance. The guards are to keep the candidate from falling when he stumbles. Com- mands should be given as "Charge down on the right," "Charge on the left," "Form line on the left flank," ^'About face, charge," and keep on tramping with the feet and clashing with spears, to represent as much as possible a battle going on. The last time around, the candidate is brought to the Sir Knight Commander's station, and at the command "Halt" every Sir Knight should be seated and remain perfectly quiet. )
Sir Knight Com.: "Halt, my soldier, we greet you. Have you been successful in your wars the past year ?"
Candidate (by Master of Arms) : "We have, and now return after many long marches and hard fought battles
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in protecting humanity, and especially the widows and orphans."
Sir Knight Com. : "Your deeds are glorious. You have been successful in your second year's struggle. You bear the scars of honorable warfare. So far you have proven yourself to be a man of iron nerve, with a daring and a courage truly commendable. You bid fair to win the glorious battle of life through which you are now passing, and leave your posterity a protection for which they will ever bless you. It becomes my painful duty, however, to inform 30U that the great struggle in which you have been engaged has but just commenced. The opposing forces are rallying their entire strength. They have gathered together the strongest and bravest men in the domain. They have added to their munition of war. They are armed and equipped with the most deadly weapons known to modern warfare. The greatest danger is yet to be encountered. Your courage and valor is yet to be put to th€ severest test. I would to heaven that you could escape this fearful encounter. But the decree of the Sir Knight Commander has gone forth. His fiat is the law of the land. His commands must be obeyed throughout the realm, by every inhabitant thereof, even at the cost of life itself. Steel your heart, gird on your armor, be sure of foot and strong of nerve, for another long year you must battle day and night. Though foot- sore, weary and hungry, your strong arm must not weaken. Grasp firmly your weapon of defense; every obstacle must be removed by your own hands; there will be none to aid you. Let not the din or noise of battle, or the hardship you will have to encounter shake your courage. Face death. Drive vour foes before vou like
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chaff before the wind, and at the end of this year's struggle should you return covered with battle scars, and grim with the smoke of battle, you will be received by the valiant knights of this tent, and the honors you will then have so clearly earned will be meted out to you. The strong arms of brave men will forever after protect you and those dependent upon you for all that makes life a blessing. Hark V
(At this stage of the proceedings one Sir Knight with a small snare drum, one with a brass drum or large piece of sheet iron with a drum stick, stands in the rear of the hall; another with a drum stands in the rear of the can- didate. Small arms or anything to imitate them should be distributed among the members, and twelve Sir Knights, six in line, on each side of the hall, with spears, to be in position. All perfectly quiet. When the Sir Knight Commander says: Hark, the drums will beat, the trumpet blow quick and sharp, the arms to be fired, the spears clashed together, and the Sir Knights passing to and fro and tramping heavily with their feet. This is continued for a moment. When the Sir Knight Com- mander raises his hand as a signal, quiet will be imme- diately restored and he will proceed:)
Sir Knight Com. : "Do you hear the rumbling of ar- tillery, the clash of arms and the tread of l)rave men ready to give battle? They wait your coming. Again 1 command you, forward, march."
(The candidate will then be rapidly conducted around the hall three times. Obstructions are again to be placed in his path, the drums beat, arms discharged, spears clash, military commands to be given, and heavy tramp- ing of all the members. The last time around the bags
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arc to be piled up, one upon another, at the farther end of the hall, so as to make a fortification as high as the hips of the candidate. The guards move the candidate quickly against the obstructions, holding him from fall- ing, but taking him from his feet. He is then brought to the Sir Knight Commander's station.)
Sir Knight Com. : "Halt, my war-worn kinsman, we greet thee. Have you protected the homes of the widows and orphans the past year ?■ '
Candidate (by Master of x\.rms) : "We have, and now return every one."
Sir Knight Com. : "Sir Knight Guards, our kinsman having served three years of warfare, and having per- formed many chivalrous acts in protecting humanity, and especially the widows and orphans, prepare him for the grand reception he so justly merits."' (Remove pack and staff, leaving hoodwink on.) The guards then con- duct the candidate to the altar, facing the Sir Knight Commander. Tlie twelve Sir Knights holding spears, are masked with false faces, comic or otherwise, with long black cambric cape over shoulder or gown and hood or turban on the head. They fall into line on one side of the hall. Anotlier Sir Kniglit armed with the worst looking mask, scarlet cape or blouse, red hood or turban, anned with a large ])attle ax (wood, imitation of iron) takes his place on the left of the masked Sir Knight. All the members pull down their vizors over their faces. The Sir Knight Lieutenant Commander commands: "Attention," the twelve Sir Knights fall into line and bring their spears to a carry by their right side."
Sir Knight Lieut. : "Right face, forward, march."
Thev march once and a lialf around the hall and then
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twice around the altar, forming a circle around the can- didate. When^the Sir Knight with battle axe is oppo- site the left side of the candidate, the Sir Knight Lieut. Commander commands, "Halt, inward face, charge spears.'^ ^
(At the last command the Sir Knights raise their spears, with both hands above their right shoulder, as if making a thrust, bringing the points of the spears to the breast and back of and nearly touching the candidate. The Knight with battle axe raises it over the left arm of the candidate. The lights are now nearly turned off. A little to the rear and left of the altar, a Sir Knight ignites a red fire — alcohol and salt can be used instead, if red fire can not be obtained. As the red fire blazes up the Sir Knight Commander says:)
Sir Knight Com. : "The battle is over, the victory is won, let the clouds disperse, bring the brave and intrepid stranger from darkness to light.''
The hoodwink is immediately removed by the guards. As soon as the red fire burns out the lights are turned up, and the Sir Knight Lieut. Com. says : "Attention, Sir Knights, carry spears, ground spears."
The twelve Sir Knights remain in this position until after the obligation is given. The Sir Knight with the battle axe keeps it raised over the left arm of the can- didate until the penalty is reached.
The Past Sir Knight Commander now advances with- in the circle and administers the following obligation :
Past Sir Knight Com. : "My kinsman from a far countr}', are you still desirous of joining with your fel- lows of tent, No of the Knights of the
Maccabees? (Candidate will answer, ^I am.') Then
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you will place your hand on the volume of the Sacred Word, on which is laid the Circle, and be bound in the compact. Repeat your name in full, and say after me :
'I , do solemnly and voluntarily promise in the
presence of Almighty God and this duly convoked tent of the Knights of the Maccabees, that I will be faithful
and true to the tent denominated tent, Xo ,
of which I am now to become a member; that I will maintain and uphold the constitution and by-laws of the Order, or of any tent to which at any time I may be- long; that I will be true to all Sir Knights of the Order, and will forever keep and conceal all the secrets, signs, passwords, grips and other private work of the Order, and that I will not, under any circumstances make them known to any one in the world, or suffer others to do so, if in my power to prevent it, unless it be a Sir Knight of the Order wlio I know is entitled to the same, or in a body of a tent wliile at work ; that I will not defraud a member or tent of anything, or allow it to be done by others, if in my power to prevent it; that I will not be- come a member of any society of men who claim to be a branch of this Order unless they are chartered by the executive of this Order, and that I will respect and pro- tect the near relatives of all Sir Kniglits, especially the widows and orphans. To all this I most sincerely prom- ise and swear with a fixed, solemn and determined resolution to keep and perform the same, binding my- self under no less a penalty, for the wilful violation of any of these provisions, than that of having my left arm cut off above the elbow (the Sir Knight on the left draws battle axe across the candidate's left arm) so that I would forever ])e iinaljle to prove myself a Knight of
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the Maccabees! So help me the Most High, and keep me steadfast in the same until death/ "
The Sir Knight Lieut. Commander then steps up and takes the candidate by the hand, saying : "My beloved kinsman^ indeed, you have l)een obligated on the Bible and the Circle. The Bible, that divine light, sent to poor humanity from above, we shall all take as our rule and guide v^hile on this sublunary abode. These sacred writings are a s3'mbolical chain by which we all are united in the bonds of brotherly love and universal phi- lanthropy. Without them no tent is perfect. The Circle has ever been considered symbolical of the Deity, for as a circle appears to have neither beginning nor end ; it must justly be considered a type of God, without either beginning of days or ending of years. It also reminds us of a future state, where we hope to enjoy everlasting happiness."
Sir Knight Lieut. Com. : "Attention, Sir Knights, carry spears, forward, march." The Sir Knights march once around the altar to their places on one side of the hall, removing their masks and spears and taking seats. The candidate is then conducted to the Sir Knight 'Com- mander who proceeds to instruct him in all the signs and other secrets of the Order and gives him the follow- ing admonition :
"My kinsman, you have been advanced through a severe struggle to this beautiful degree of the Order. You have been tried and not found wanting. The cere- monies through which you have passed teach you a les- son that should be remembered as long as you live. The great object of this Order is to provide for the widows and orphans of those who are morally and physically
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qualified to become niembers. Upon your admission your qualifications were thoroughly tested. The utmost caution was exercised by the members before you ^ere allowed to proceed. You then passed through three years of warfare, representing childhood, manhood and old age. Your first year's struggle was light, you founcj no obstructions placed in your pathway, illustrating childhood days, when all is happiness, and liie is full of hope and song. In your second year's struggle, you met with frequent obstructions, representing manhood. . Be- ing full of energy and courage, you overcame them and won a victory over all opposition. The third year's struggle represented old age. You found all the ob- stacles in your path more difficult to surmount, and had it not been for the trustworthy guides who supported and assisted you in the battle of life, you would have fallen and been left by the wayside, to perish unprotected and alone. This beautifully illustrates the benefits to be derived from a membership in this Order. When death overtakes you, you will have the consolation of knowing that you have brothers who will provide for those de- pendent upon you, and this urges upon you the necessity of providing for those that you may at any moment leave behind in a cold, cold world, and we trust you will place your entire trust in the Great Architect of the Universe, who alone is able to pull down or build up your destiny here and hereafter. The tower of Babel, a work of the greatest magnitude, undertaken and carried on with the greatest skill of the time, but without the sanction of the Almighty, fell to the ground, and the workmen were confounded and scattered to the corners of the earth, while others of like magnitude, under his guidance have
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been raised within tlie shortest space of time^iand be^ come the wonders of the whole earth. The Maccabees in ancient days, under His all-powerful gui(^ance, ac- complished the most difficult , tasks with the greatest ease, and in war were enabled to conquer enemies ten times their own number. The same God rules torday, and if we place like trust in His divine word> we, shall receive the same assistance and support. As you l>^y^ been deemed worthy to share the privileges of this chival- rous Order, you must be sensible that your responsibil- ities are increased in proportion to your advantages. Let it ever be your desire and constant aim to pi-ove your- self ~ worthy of the confidence, that the Sir Knights' of this tent have entrusted you with. Let uprightness and integrity be your guide. Let justice and mercy attend your steps. Let fervency and zeal stimulate you in the discharge of the various duties incumbent upon you. ^q ever zealous for the prosperity and welfare of the Knights of the Maccabees. Be faithful to the members of your tent and the Order, Let your conduct be such as will entitle you to the esteem of them all. If misfor- tunes assail you while you remain true to the obligations which you have of your own accord assumed, have con- fidence that among the Knights of the Maccabees you will find friends who will comfort 3'ou in your sorrow^ eYer remembering as a consohition under the frowns of fortune, and as a hope for better prospects, that the stone which the builders rejected became the chief stone of the corner.
The candidate is conducted to the Sir Knight Com- mander's station and made to kneel on left knee in front
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of that officer, who dubs him a Knight of the Order of the Maccabees in these words :
My Kinsman, I now dub and create you a Knight of the Maccabees, and a member of this chivalric Order,
and of tent, Xo We hail you as a
Sir Knight, and accept you as our kinsman/'
Who will dare to say that this is not a religious cere- mony ?
CITAPTEH XXXIl.
ORDER OF IIEPTASOPHS OR SKVEX WISE MEX.
This Order, an offspring of Greek Letter College so- cieties, was founded in 1852 by a prominent Freemason in Xew Orleans, La. Its ceremonial is based on the Magi of old and the doctrine of Zoroaster. Ormisda and Ahriman are introduced at the initiation to instruct the candidate; the name of God is "Supreme Archon of the Uni verse.'' The Seven Wise Men or ]Magi of ancient Persia are the sponsors for the name. Tlie historian of the Order tells us tliat "the Order gives no adlierence to any religious creed, but requires from its candidates the profession of a belief in a Supreiue Being. It bears aloft the motto, "In God We Trust.*' aduiittiug to its mys- teries both tlie Jew aiul Gliristian on tlie common ground of mutual dependence and universal brotlierhood under the Fathcrliood of God. To this end it inculcates the principles of "Wisdom, 'JVuth, and Benevolence." Ma- sonic traditions and principles are also manifested in^ the ceremonial and symbolism : a seven-pointed star enclosing a seven-branched candlestick, the All-Seeing Eye, the ark and altar, its group of seven, etc.
I quote from the ritual :
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. "The property and paraphernalia of this Order are :
"First Degree — A platform consisting of seven de- scending steps, a long narrow box, hoodwink, sponges, chains, etc.
"Second Degree — The same platform as in first de- gree, reversed when in use, a table or stand with mov- able legs, rods, chains, hoodwinks, etc.
"Third Degree — A movable stool or platform on cas- tors, scroll or book, hoodwinks, pen, ink, etc."
The meetings are called conclaves; Archon, whose title is "Most Eminent," Herald, Provost, Chancellor, Warden, are the names of the officials. The candidate for initiation is blindfolded and conducted into the conclave, where standing in front of the Provost, who is addressed as Venerable Astrologer, he is instructed by
this that "in my capacity as x\strologer I have
studied the wisdom of the stars and the silent moving
of the spheres ; that consulting the horoscope I
found no unfavorable omen, otherwise I would have for- bidden your entrance here: But if ydai' h^^ve entered these portals with the hope that our mysteries would be imparted to you, loosely and thoughtlessly, or without any farther ordeal than the slight one you were made to pass through on your first admission into our Order, be assured now, as you v^dll presently be convinced, that your hope is a vain one."
"An old adage says that "Truth is to be found at the bottom of a well." We are apt to value too lightly the experience, knowledge, or, in fact, any other acquisition, that is gained too easily.
"You will be caused -to pass down a^narrow, rough and toilsome descent. As the" passage narrows, you will have
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to bow your head, to. avoid dangerous overhanging cliffs, and 'jutting ^rocks. One defiant step, one disobedient whim, may dash your brains to atoms as you pass down the treacherous abyss. Be cautious, be calm, be resolute, but obey your conductors in all things, as you value your life.
^'This ordeal is necessary, not only to satisfy us of the existence of those qualities of faith and fortitude, with- out which it is impossible for -one to.be a worthy mem- ber of this Order, but to detect any hidden or unfavor- able omen, which my divination may have failed to dis- cover previous to your admission here."
(The candidate is blindfolded and made to pass down a rough descent, lie is to imagine that he is in a dark cavern, which narrows and becomes narrower as it descends; he has to get on his knees to pass through; and finally on his hands and feet he has to pass through a short and narrow passage. This may be made by two chairs thrown down and set back to back (a barrel or box may be used) ; wet sponges and chains may be placed in the passage-way. Having- emerged, the candidate is placed upon his feet and brought quietly to the station <>i the Provost, and stands with his back to that station.) ' Inspector General: "A^enerable .Astrologer, the can- didate has thus far passed the ordeal in safety."
Provost: ^'Having emerLred from. the cave of mys- teries, you are now on the bank of a dark, deep and silent stream, which it is necessary to leap over. One false step may cost you your life. Have faith, have cour- age. Place your hope beyond the stream; do not fall within its destructive vortex. Kemember, if you fail it
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is the River Letlie, the River of Death. Leap, now, leap with all your might."
The candidate leaps as far as he can on the floor, and is caught as he alights by the conductors, who prevent him from falling.
Ins. Gen. : "Venerable Astrologer, the candidate has passed in safety." - - 7:.^.?
Provost: /'Then I pronounce him worthy. Let him be conducted to our Most Eminent Archon."
(He is conducted twice around the conclave room and then halted before the Archon's station.)
Archon : "Let the bandage be removed from the eyes of the candidate, and let him be clothed with a blue apron and seated before me, to receive the instructions of the first degree.^
"The legend of this degree gives an example of integ- rity unpersuaded and unawed, and an instance of its proper recognition and due appreciation.
"It appears that Kai el Ko-az, king of Persia, being taken captive in Mazanderan, while invading that coun- try, was beset by entreaties from some, as well as threats from others, to impart the secrets of the Seven. The High Priest of Zahma, v^ho besought these instructions, was so struck with the answer of Kai el Ko-az refusing to impart them, that he recommended the king of Ma- zanderan to spare the life of so wise and noble a pris- oner, tllough^he came as an invading enemy, which was accordingly done."
[i pass over the other part of the instruction for want of space.]
In the second degree the candidate when brought be- fore the Provost is addressed thus:
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Provost: "Candidate, do you solemnly promise to preserve and keep the instructions of the second degree, and never impart them unlawfully ?''
Candidate: "I do."
Provost: "Before receiving the mysteries of the sec- ond degree, it will be necessary for you to pass through another ordeal. In the first degree, your courage and constancy, against impediments, and in the hour of ad- verse vicissitude, v^ere tested. Now you will be made to show how you will deport yourself amid the giddy heights of ambition. Your ascent will be quick and rapid; you may imagine yourself upon the lofty peaks of the Himalaya Mountains. It is well that you are blindfolded so that the narrow defiles and hair-breadth contiguity to steep precipices, may not be apparent to your eyes, and cause you to shudder, tremble and fail. My parting advice to you is to *look aloft'; let your thought ever be upward; for if you realize your danger, and waver for a moment, a terrific descent awaits you."
( .Thtr corrstruction*^of -apparatus ^or the sec- ond degree's initiation may be left to the fancy of the members; a scries of rough, but not dangerous, ascents and quiet descents may be made, terminating by a sort of bridge, or any other contrivance which breaks down noisily but safely. When the candidate shall have at- tained the top of the ascent, he is allowed to halt, and is thus addressed:)
Ins. Gen. : "Be not over-elated at your success in thus attaining to a position of lofty grandeur, for ambition blinds us in danger, vanity conceals from us our own weakness, and pride ever precedes a fall." The candi- date movos on, the trap is sprung, and he is made to come down suddenlv.
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Ins. Gen. (In a loud voice) : "The candidate has passed the ordeal in safety."
Provost: " Then let him be conducted to our Most Eminent Archon."
(Candidate is taken twice around the room, and halted near the Archon's station.)
Arehon : "Let the bandages be removed from the eyes of the candidate, and let him be clothed with a green apron and seated before me to receive the instructions of the Second Degree.
"The legend of the Second Degree presents us a beau- tiful stor}^ of gratitude. It appears that a short time after the occurrence related in the First Degree, Ros- tram, a victorious Persian warrior, having invaded Mazanderan and taken captive the King of that countr}^, brought him, in turn, before Kai el Koaz. The latter out of gratitude, ordered his immediate release."
(Here follows a similar instruction by the Chancellor fts in the First Degree.)
(The Third Degree is conferred in a similar manner to the other two, till at a certain point in the initiation, when the Provost says to candidate:)
Provost : "I will now put you in charge of Ormisda, who will be your guide. You have nothing to fear as long as you listen to him and follow his directions.^'
{ . . . Ormisda now takes the candidate in '^harge, and conducts him around the room a number of times, delivering the following address to the candidate as he passes slowly along:)
Ormisda : "The path of life is thought dull by many when pursued with a grave sense of the object of the journey. But there are lessons of w^isdom to be gathered.
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and we may sow oui* pathway with good deeds as we pas» along. It is the object of our Order to awaken the mind to the leading principles and duties of life. It is strange that its greatest purposes are most frequently lost sight of, while they should be its greatest pleasure.
"I am not a favorite with those who journey this way, iind can only stay with such as find me welcome. I per- ceive that my discourse does not interest you, and that, like most of the travelers, you find me a dull companion. Henceforth Ahriman will conduct you. His guidance you will find more congenial.''
(He is taken in charge by Ahriman, who strikes the candidate on the shoulder and conducts him on around the room, addressing him as follows:)
Ahriman : "Eejoice, my friend, that you are now rid of the guide Ormisda. He is an old sober-sides, always preaching. It is strange that some people are neither content to enjoy themselves, nor let others do so. For lA'hat is the world, if it be not for our enjoyment ? What is the use of always preaching morality, and that sort of thing? Trust to the impulses of your own heart, and all will be right. What he has been saying is all fol-de- rol : a little philosophy will soon teach you to set it at naught. Come, my friend, let us grapple with the world as we find it."
(The candidate is halted before the Archon. He •either stands upon the floor or upon a moveable platform. The latter is better.)
Archon : "In y^ur progress, thus far, you have doubt- less thought this to be a purely charitable Order. Well, it is charitable; that is, charity amongst ourselves. But i\t this period of your advancement, it is time to present
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some other ideas to 3^011, which have hitherto been with- held. They were withheld because we first wished tO' know more about you. We wished to know Hvhether you' would do to tie to. Charity, my friend, is a good thing ; but charity won't always do ; charity won't buy the baby a frock, or put bread and butter upon the table. It is true that we make use of charity and other such things, as a cloak for our designs. Nothing can be done now a-days, except under some cloak of that sort. Our object is, first, the teaching of philosophy — plain, practical philosophy, that teaches you as a first principle, to take care of number one. Secondly, to help your fellow- members in all their schemes and purposes, right or wrong, against the rest of the world. We are associated as an Order for our own individual purposes. We are bound to assist each other in distress ; that is a small mat- lei ; and we must, each one of us, be at all times ready lo do for a brother whatsoever he may demand. We must know nothing beyond the interests and necessities of the Order. Thus far, our hearts must ever be open fountains, whence continually should flow aid and com- fort for our brethren. Show your appreciation of the grand object of the Order, and gladden us by your un- questioning acquiescence in our requests. Be seated, arid let your resolution of maintaining the good of this Order be firm as the rock which now unyieldingly lends you its support. Here, set your name to this scroll, in testi- mony of your sincerity and good fellowship."
(The candidate is placed upon a rock, in the centre of the room, pen and ink are handed to him, the bandage is removed and he is directed to sign his name to the sheet, whereon has been written (or is afterwards writ-
2!6
teD above his signature), unktiown to him, a draft for $100, or some onerous obligation, which is placed in a book, the obligation being hidden or folded under. If he refuses to sign, the members all shout aloud:)
Members: "He refuses — he is unworthy of fellow- Bhip in our Order. Away with him."
(If he consents, they express their gratification. The bandages are here replaced. The Archon then sa3^s:)
Archon : "You have been fully enlightened as to the aim of our brotherhood, and it is now necessary for you to kneel and take an obligation to assist your fellow-mem- bers in all their purposes,, public or private, without in- quiring whether they be right or wrong — provided they f.re not against your own interest." (Kneels.)
(This is a plain proposition to do a wrong thing. The candidate may consent or not. It is, of course, no inten- tion of the Order to permit any member to take a wrong- ful obligation. The degree is a lesson against tempta- tion. Those candidates who consent, of course, will kneel, the others will remain standing.)
Archon : "Brothers, you know your duty."
(The candidate or candidates will now be rushed upon by the members, whether they consent or not ; those who consent will be rushed on for the purpose of giving them a lesson for such thoughtless and wrongful yielding to temptation; those who refuse, will be rushed upon at the same time, as if it were the intention of the members to punish them for their obstinacy. (If the candidates are on a moveable platform it will be made to shake like an earthquake for a while, before they are rushed upon.) They will be hastened around the room amid demoniac noises, clashing of swords, thunder, lightning
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and rain. At length they will be halted before the •Chancellor's chair. Those who have consented will be seated on the left ; those who refused will be seated on the right. The bandages are taken from the candidates' eves. After a pause the Chancellor proceeds :)
Chancellor : "It was never our intention that a can- didate should be permitted to take a wrongful obligation. What you have just passed through was intended as a
lesson againsi.temptation.
The Order of Heptasophs, or Seven Wise Men, teaches nothing that can. conflict with the most sacred duties. On the contrary ; it seeks to enforce those duties which, ' in the hardening struggle of life, men are too prone to forget. Be ever firm and watchful, and ever adhere to principle. Is this your signature?" ■ (The document is shown to candidate and its contents read aloud.)
"You should never do an act without counting seven times, and know what you are doing. See the evidence of the onerous charge which you have so thoughtlessly assumed.' '
(The Chancellor burns the paper.) "Let the remembrance of this flame ever be bright in -'»our memory, lest you be brought down to bewail misery and desolation, induced by recklessness and folly." Chancellor's address to the candidates nu the right : (This address is given only to the candidate or can- didates who refused. If none refused, this address is .omitted.) . ,
f. Chancellor: "You have had the self-possession and courage to discern the advances of false philosophy7-Ta,nd . to resist them. I congratulate you, and have only ^o
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« arid, that ^hat you have passed through is simply a lesson showing in t lie rug-ged path you were made to pass over, as a punishment by your resistance of temptation,, how theeyil are ever seeking to throw obstacles and diffi- culties m the way of virtue and integrity." Address to candidates on the left: (This is omitted if there be no candidates present who .consented.)
Chancellor: *^To you who failed to perceive the snare .into which you were bting led, we have j^o censure to offer. .^lany of us have been alike thoughtless and in- considerate.
"We are happy to know, from the character you have sustained, and which has shown you worthy of admis- sion and advancement in our Order, that yours has been an error of want of thought and attention, and not of principle. But let the lesson sink deep into your heart. Error is honey-tongued, artful and persuasive. Let us not suffer ourselves to be beguiled by it. Conduct the candidate to the Eminent Archon."
(The Archon now addresses the Inspector General, as follows:)
Archor: "Inspector Ceneral, you will now see that the candidate is clothed in a crimson apron, and again seated before me for instructions."
IXSTRUCTIOX OF THIRD DEGREE.
Archon : "In the ancient mystic teachings, two be- ings, or principles, were represented as controlling the entire universe. These were Ormisda and Ahriman, who represent the good and the evil principle, the right and the wrong. The choice of the right or the wrong, is ever before us and within us. It depends upon ourselves
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which shall obtain mastery. li we lend a willing ear to the latter^ we will lind its subtleties artful arid persuasivp and its reai?onings and arguments plausable and seduc- tive. To err is human. It therefore be/iooves us to be guarded and cautious whenever any proposition is made to us, either from within or without, involving anything; not strictly conforming to the moral sense. By rem-em- bering this caution, and refusing to yield to false philo- feophy, however ingenious, much evil may be avoiJed^
"You will now take your seat among the members off the Conclave, and I proclaim you to be a Third Degree members of this Order,"
The Improved Order of Heptasophs is an offspring of this Order and was founded in 1878.
Though in both orders we do not find the oath and prayers, as in m^ny other societies, still it is obvious from the foregoing, taken verbatim from the ritual, that thp Prder of Seven- Wise Men falls under the ban of the church, and that no Catholic can belong to the same and at the sa*ne time retain his membership in the church.
CITAPTER XXXIII. FORESTERS.
There are, at present, according to the Cyclopaedia of Fraternities, the following Orders of Foresters: An- cient Order of Foresters, Ancient Order of Foresters in America, Canadian Order of Foresters, Companion of the Forest (Foresters), Glen wood Degree of Foresters, Independent Order of Foresters, Negro Independent Order of Foresters, Independent Order of Foresters of Illinois, Irish National Order of Foresters, Junior For- esters of America, Juvenile Foresters, Knights of the Sherwood Foresters, Miriam Degree of Foresters, For- esters of America, Pennsylvania Order of Foresters, Uoyal Order of Foresters, Uniteti Order of Foresters, Female Foresters, etc.
One and all of the Foresters Orders are children of the Masonic Fraternity. When the Order was first started in England, by Masons, about the middle of the eigh- teenth century, for convivial purposes, the ceremonies were drawn from the legends and stories concerning Robin Hood, Little John, and their merry men, with which the English people were so famijiar.
I select the United Order of Foresters, and show from the ritual of that Order that the Foresters are a secret society, to which a Catholic can not belong.
The title of officers are : High Chief Ranger, High Marshal, Senior and Junior Beadle, Woodward, etc. The
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common members are called Foresters, and the candi- date is dubbed "captive.^' Meetings are called Courts. When a candidate, as "captive," is prepared for initia- tion, one of the brothers proceeds to the ante-room to prepare candidate, which is done by blindfolding him securely and tying a chain around his arms. Meanwhile the Court Room is prepared and among the articles are : A lot of brushwood, standing, to represent a forest, a long narrow trough with pieces nailed across about 18 inches apart and a strong canvas nailed loosely over all, so when the candidate steps into it the canvas sinks down between the cross-pieces and every step is the same, the canvas sinking down at each tep. There is also a double inclined plane sloping in two directions, made of strong v.icle boards with cleats nailed irregularly across one slope making it difficult to walk up, and when the top is reached, the other slope is so fixed that w^hen the candi- date steps on it, it gives way and lets him down very suddenly about a foot. Also another inclined plane made of rollers placed close together, so that every time the candidate attempts to mount, he slips back. There is, besides, a shallow box filled with round sticks, cobble stones and straps nailed across, to trip the candidate. A tremendous tin horn with reed fixed in end, to blow a blast in the ear of candidate, a flat paddle to slap can- didate and help him over obstacles. As soon as the Court is properly prepared the Woodwards report to the Chief Ranger, who calls up the Court with three raps.
''Chief Ranger: "Vice Chief Ranger, Officers and
Brothers, Mr. , having been duly declared worthy
to be admitted to the mysteries and privileges of For- estry, I have to ask your kind attention during the
iaitiation. TiCt it be felt by all that upon an occasion of so great importance, the ceremony cannot be too solemnly lOr impressively rendered. I charge you to receive the candidate as one w-orthy to become a member of our For- est Home. Extend to him your fraternal consideration, so that he may be impressed with the conviction that this Court rightly knows how to honor every accession to its merhberh^.'^
Chief Ranger : "Vice Chief Ranger, I will thank you to direct that the. candidate be admitted in due form." . Vice Chief Ranger : "Brother Senior Beadle, let the candidate be admitted in dne form."
(The members will put on their masks, and the Senior Beadle will then give three loud raps on the door, when the Junior Beadle will blow his horn as an alarm, or answer by six raps in triplets :)
Senior Beadle: "Vice Chief Ranger, there i? an alarm in the outskirts of the forest"
A^ice Chief Ranger : "An alarm ! Ascertain the cause thereof and report to me forthwith."
(Senior Beadle again gives three raps on the door, then partly opens it, or opens the wicket and then .exclaims:)
Senior Beadle: "Who comes there?" . Junior Beadle: "A Brother Forester with a captive."
Senior Beadle : "Vice Chief Ranger, I have to re- port that the alarm was caused by a brother with a cap- tive, and asks admittance."
.Vice Chief Ranger: "Let the captive be properly secured and brought hither."
(The candidate is pushed through the door, and in- stantly grabbed by two of the stoutest brothers, who rush
him to the center of the room, where he is met and stopped suddenl}^ by the Vice Chief Kanger, in a loud {md excited voice, amid the loud braying of horns and crash of thunder.)
■' Vice Chief Eanger : "Captive strange!', why did you ^nter the silent precincts of our wild retreat? Why violate our law by trespassing in the outskirts of our f6rest and thus incurring the penalty of death ? Did you not know that none but true Foresters were allowed here ? Why did you seek to enter ? "
' Senior Woodward (Answering for candidate) : "Be^ cause I come to enlist with the brave and n >ble band of Foresters/''
Vice Chief Eanger: "Ah, he desires to join oar Forestric band. ,Then lead him to our Forest Home, where Robin Hood, our Chief Eanger, may examine ftim;"
(The candidate is led around the hall and over the rough road, during which time an ode is sung. He is 'halted before the altar, on each side of which the Wood- Svards stand with their uplifted axes; the chains and hoofdwink are taken off and the Chief Eanger a:ddresses him thus:) " ;
Chief Eanger: "Mr. -/before you can be en-
rOllied as a Forester, it is necessary that you give a solemn pkdge to be true to the principles of the Order and keep inviolate the secrets w^hich may be communicated to yO^j for which purpose, therefore, I will thank you to 'gtand before the altar of Liberty, Benevolence aiid Con- cord, with your right hand on your left breast, your left ■haiid elevated, and repeat after me the solemn obligation ^ of a forester. ■'•■ :■■>■■■ '-
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0BL1GATI0^^
I, ^^^ , of my own free vill and accord, in the pres- ence of the Supreme Ruler of the Universe and of the members of the United Order of Foresters, here as- sembled, do most solemnly and sincerely promise and declare that I will ever conceal and never reveal any word, sign, grip or token, or any other secret or private work of the United Order of Foresters which shall now or may hereafter be communicated to me, to any one in the world, unless it be to a brother Forester, I know- ing him to be such, by due examination, or upon the word of a brother who is known to mp, or in the body of a regularly constituted Court. I wiU not repeat outside of the Court room any transaction whatsoever, vvhidi may take place therein, vliicb by the regulation of the Order should be kept secret, unless I am duly authorized so to do by the constituted authorities of the Order. I further promise that I will not wrong a brother or see him wronged, if in my power to prevent it, and will do all 1 can legitimately to alleviate the needs, protect the honor and advance the welfare of a Brother Forester. I will be obedient to all the laws and usages of the Order, and will hold allegiance to the Supreme Court and be loyal thereto, as the Supreme authority of the entire Order. I will obey all legal mandates of the High Court and of any Court of which I may be a member. And I I will take no part in pjiy illegal distribution of the funds or property of any Court. And I further promise and agree, that should I, from any cause, cea^e to be a mem- ber of the Order, my obligation of secrecy shall remain binding and in full force, and that all my right, title, and
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inierest in and to any property or funds of the Court shall thereby terminate and become absolutely void. For the faithful observance of all which, I hereby pledge my most sacred honor."
The candidate is then instructed in the signs and counter-signs and is told : "The grip of a Forester is given thus: Grasp with your right hand, the whole of the brother's right hand, below the knuckle joint. It is intended as a memorial of the dependence upon each other of our first parents, who, w^lien expelled from the Garden of Eden, through the sin of disobedience, became in more than a figurative sense, the first Foresters — the wilderness of the world before them, with all its danger^, trials and temptations. We are taught by this to recog- nize the duty of walking hand in hand through the forest of this life and helping each other to surmount its diffi- culties and to bear up under its disappointments."
When the Marshal introduces the Chaplain he says :
"High Chief Kanger, I have the honor to present the Chaplain of this Court for installation."
High Chief Banger: "Brother Chaplain, you have been chosen to fill a most important position in this Court. I trust you will always strive to conduct the de- votional exercises acceptabh% so that we may look to have the blessings of heaven rest upon our labor here."
Both at the opening and closing of the Court the Chaplain says a prescribed" prayer.