CHAPTER XV.

Hymn and Litany to Osiris,
[From the Papyrus of Ani (Brit. Mus. No. 10,470, sheet 19). ]
Vignette : “Osiris Ani, the royal scribe in truth, who loveth “him, the seribe and teller of the divine offerings of all the “ gods,” and “ Osiris Thuthu, the lady of the house, the singing
HYMN AND LITANY TO OSIRIS 67
“woman of Amen,” with hands raised in adoration presumably before the god Osiris who, accompanied by the goddess Isis, stands in a shrine made in the form of a funeral chest.!
Text: “Praise be unto thee, O Osiris, lord of “eternity, Un-nefer, Heru-Khuti (Harmachis), whose “forms are manifold, and whose attributes are majestic, “ (2) Ptah-Seker-Tem? in Annu (Heliopolis), the lord “of the hidden place, and the creator of Het-ka-Ptah * “and of the gods [therein], the guide of the underworld, “(3) whom [the gods] glorify when thou settest in Nut. “Tsis embraceth thee in peace, and she driveth away “the fiends from the (4) mouth of thy paths. Thou “turnest thy face upon Amentet, and thou makest the “earth to shine as with refined copper. Those who “have lain down (i.e., the dead) rise up to see thee, “they (5) breathe the air and they look upon thy face “when the disk riseth on its horizon; their hearts are “at peace inasmuch as they behold thee, O thou who “art Kternity and Everlastingness ! ”
LITANY.
(1) Petition—‘ Homage to thee, [O lord of] starry “deities in Annu, and of heavenly beings in Kher-aha ;
1 The shrine of Osiris is separated from the figures of Ani and his wife by the Litany and several lines of a hymn to Ra; this portion of the vignette is given on p. 71.
2 A triad composed of forms of the morning, evening, and night suns.
8 J.e., the House of the ka of Ptah, a name of Memphis.
68 LITANY TO OSIRIS
“thou god Unti,! who art more glorious than the gods “who are hidden in Annu.”
Response.—(10) “O grant? thou unto me a path ‘“‘whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(2) Petition.—“ Homage to thee, O An in Antes (?), ‘“Heru-khuti (Harmachis), with long strides thou ‘stridest over heaven, O Heru-khuti.”
Response.—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘“‘whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(83) Petition‘ Homage to thee, O Soul of everlast- “inoness, thou Soul that dwellest in Tattu, Un-nefer, “son of Nut; thou art lord of Akert.”
Response —(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘““whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(4) Petition.—“ Homage to thee in thy dominion “over Tattu; the Ureret crown is established upon thy “head; thou art the One who maketh the strength
1 A god who is represented holding a star in each hand, and walking before a solar bark.
2 The following petition, ‘‘O grant thou unto mea path,” &c., is written once only, and at the end of the Litany, but it was clearly intended to be repeated after each of the nine addresses. This is proved by the Saite Recension (see Lepsius, op. cit., Bl. 5), where the words, ‘‘ Grant thou the sweet breath of the north wind
to the Osiris Auf-ankh” are written in two places, and are intended to be said after each of the ten addresses above them,
LITANY TO OSIRIS 69
“which protecteth himself, and thou dwellest in peace pony lattu.
Response.—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘“whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(5) Petition.—“ Homage to thee, O lord of the Acacia “Tree, the Seker boat is set upon its sledge; thou “turnest back the Fiend, the worker of evil, and thou ‘“causest the Utchat to rest upon its seat.”
Response.—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ““whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(6) Petition —‘ Homage to thee, O thou who art “mighty in thine hour, thou great and mighty Prince, “ dweller in An-rut-f; lord of eternity and creator of ever- “Jastingness, thou art the lord of Suten-henen.” ”
Response.—(10) “O grant thou unto me a_ path ‘“‘whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “JT have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(7) Petition.— Homage to thee, O thou who restest
! T.e., “‘the place where nothing groweth,” the name of a district in the underworld.
? T.e., Heracleopolis Magna, the capital of the Heracleopolites nome. Egyptian mythology declares that here Osiris was first crowned, that here Horus succeeded to the rank and dignity of his father, that here the sky was first separated from the earth, and that from this place Sekhet set out on her mission to destroy man-
kind because they had rebelled against Ra, who, they declared, had become old and incapable of ruling them rightly.
7O LITANY TO OSIRIS
“upon Right and Truth, thou art the lord of Abtu (Abydos), and thy limbs are joined unto Ta-tchesertet ; “thou art he to whom fraud and guile are hateful.”
Response—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘““whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “T have not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(8) Petition.—‘* Homage to thee, O thou who art “within thy boat, thou bringest Hapi (7.e., ther Nile) ‘forth from his source ; the light shineth upon thy body “and thou art the dweller in Nekhen.” !
Response.—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘“whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true ; “T have not spoken les wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
(9) Petition.—“ Homage to thee, O creator of the “gods, thou King of the North and of the South, O “Osiris, victorious one, ruler of the world in thy ‘“oracious seasons; thou art the lord of the celestial “world.” ? ;
Response.-—(10) “O grant thou unto me a path ‘““whereon I may pass in peace, for I am just and true; “Thave not spoken lies wittingly, nor have I done “aught with deceit.”
1 The name of the sanctuary of the goddess Nekhebet in Upper Egypt, the Hileithyiapolis of the Greeks.
2 L.e., the two lands Afebui which were situated one on each side of the celestial Nile.
HYMN TO RA 71
Hymn to Ra. [From the Papyrus of Ani (Brit. Mus. No. 10,470, sheet 20). ]
Vignette : Osiris, wearing the white crown and holding the crook, whip, and sceptre, standing in a shrine; behind him is the goddess Isis in the character of the Divine Mother.
Text: (1) A Hymn or Praise To RA WHEN HE RISETH IN THE EASTERN PART OF HEAVEN. Those who are in his train (2) rejoice, and lo! Osiris Ani victori- ous, saith :— Meee
“Hail, thou Disk, }4| “thou lord of rays, “(3) who risest on “the horizon day by
‘ ve 2 yp &) C 3 (i Ox tomy Bye sa |
“day! Shine thou “with thy beams “of light upon the “face of Osiris Ani, ‘who is victorious ; “for he singeth “hymns of praise “unto thee at (4) “dawn, and _ he “maketh thee to set “at eventide with
“words of adora- “tion. May the inn “soul of Osiris Ani, the triumphant one, come forth
72 HYMN TO RA
(5) with thee into heaven, may he go forth inthe Mdtet “boat. May he come into port in the Sektet boat, and ‘may he cleave his path among the never (6) resting “stars in the heavens.”
Osiris Ani, being in peace and in triumph, adoreth his lord, (7) the lord of eternity, saying: ‘‘ Homage to thee, “O Heru-khuti (Harmachis), who art the god Khepera, “the self-created ; when thou risest on the (8) horizon “and sheddest thy beams of light upon the lands of “the North and of the South, thou art beautiful, yea “beautiful, and all the gods rejoice when they behold “thee, (9) the King of heaven. The goddess Nebt- “Unnut! is stablished upon thy head; and her uraei “of the South and of the North are upon thy brow; (10) she taketh up her place before thee. The god “Thoth is stablished in the bows of thy boat to destroy “utterly all thy foes. (11) Those who are in the Tuat “ (underworld) come forth to meet thee, and they bow “in homage as they come towards thee, to behold [thy] (12) beautiful Image. And I have come before thee “that I may be with thee to behold thy Disk every “day. May I not be shut up in [the tomb], may I not “be (13) turned back, may the limbs of my body be “made new again when I view thy beauties, even as “fare those of| all thy favoured ones, (14) because I ‘am one of those who worshipped thee [whilst I lived] “upon earth. May I come in unto the land of eternity,
1 A name meaning something like the ‘‘ lady of the hour.”
HYMN TO RA 73
“may I come even (15) unto the everlasting land, for “behold, O my lord, this hast thou ordained for me.” And lo, Osiris Ani triumphant in peace, the trium- phant one, saith: (16) “Homage to thee, O thou who “visest in thy horizon as Ra, thou reposest upon law
i —$=(s / JOH0OSS J If: TE = SST
J
THe Sunrisz. The Tet, ie or tree-trunk which held the body of Osiris,
standing hetween Isis and Nephthys, who kneel in adoration, one on each side of it. From the Tet proceeds the emblem of life, which has arms that support the Disk of the Sun. The six apes represent the spirits of the dawn, (This scene is from the Papyrus of Ani, plate 2.)
“{which changeth not nor can it be altered]. Thou “passest over the sky, and every face watcheth thee “(17) and thy course, for thou hast been hidden from “their gaze. Thou dost shew thyself at dawn and at
74 HYMN TO RA
“eventide day by day. (18) The Selteé boat, wherein “is thy Majesty, goeth forth with might; thy beams [shine] upon [all] faces ; [the number] of thy red and “yellow rays cannot be known, nor can thy bright (19) “beams be depicted. The lands of the gods, and the “eastern lands of Punt! must be seen before they can “be described and before that which is hidden (20) “lin thee] may be measured. Alone and by thy- “self thou dost manifest thyself [when] thou comest “into being above Nu (i.c., the sky). May Ani (21) “advance, even as thou dost advance; may he never “cease [to go forward], even as thy Majesty ceaseth not “‘[to go forward], even though it be for a moment; for ‘with strides dost thou (22) in one little moment pass “over the spaces which would need hundreds of thou- “sands and millions of years [for man to pass over ; this] thou doest, and then dost thou sink to rest. “Thou (23) puttest an end to the hours of the night, “and thou dost count them, even thou; thou endest “them in thine own appointed season, and the earth “becometh light. (24) Thou settest thyself before thy “handiwork in the likeness of Ra; thou risest in the “horizon.”
Osiris, the scribe Ani, victorious, declareth (25) his praise of thee when thou shinest, and when thou risest at dawn he crieth in his joy at thy birth: (26) “Thou “art crowned with the majesty of thy beauties; thou
' T.e,, the spice-producing land near the most easterly part of Somali land,
HYMN TO RA 75
“mouldest thy limbs as thou dost advance, and thou “bringest them forth without birth-pangs in the form “of (27) Ra, as thou dost rise up into the upper air. “Grant thou that I may come unto the heaven which “is everlasting, and unto the mountain where dwell “thy favoured ones. May I be joined (28) unto those “shining beings, holy and perfect, who are in the “underworld; and may I come forth with them to
THE Sunxise. (From the Papyrus of Qenna, plate 1.)
“behold thy beauties when thou shinest (29) at even- “tide and goest to thy mother Nut.’ Thou dost place “thyself in the west, and my two hands are [raised] in ‘adoration [of thee] (30) when thou settest as a living “being. Behold, thou art the maker of eternity, and Ba
——
Ba 1 Te., Nut, | , the night sky, as opposed to
a , the day sky.
76 HYMN TO RA
“thou art adored [when] thou settest in the heavens. “T have given my heart unto thee (81) without waver- ‘ing, O thou who art mightier than the gods.”
Osiris Ani, triumphant, saith: “ A hymn of praise to ‘thee, O thou who risest (32) like unto gold, and who “dost flood the world with light on the day of thy birth. “Thy mother giveth thee birth upon [her] hand, and “thou dost give light unto the course of the Disk (38). “O thou great Light who shinest in the heavens, thou “dost strengthen the generations of men with the Nile- “flood, and thou dost cause gladness in all lands, and “in all cities (34), and in all the temples. Thou art ‘olorious by reason of thy splendours, and thou makest “strong thy KA (i.e., Double), with hu and tchefau “foods. O thou who art the mighty one of victories, (35) thou who art the power of [all] Powers, who ‘dost make strong thy throne against evil fiends ; who ‘art glorious in majesty in the Sektet boat, and who “art exceeding mighty (36) in the Afet boat, make “thou glorious Osiris Ani with victory in the under- ‘world ; grant thou that in the netherworld he may be (87) without evil. I pray thee to put away [his] ‘faults behind thee: grant thou that he may be one of ‘thy venerable servants (38) who are with the shining ‘ones; may he be joined unto the souls which are in Ta- “tchesertet; and may he journey into the Sekhet-Aaru?
' Hw and tchefau are the celestial foods upon which the gods and the beatified live.
° The Field of lilies, reeds, and water plants, which formed one of the sections of the Sekhet-Hetepet, or ‘‘ Elysian Fields.”
HYMN TO RA a.
(39) by a prosperous and happy decree, he the Osiris, “the scribe, Ani, triumphant.”
‘'ae Sunrise. Horus-Ra, wearing a disk encircled by a serpent, and standing beneath the vaulted heaven, being adored by seven apes, The Tet below has human arms and hands, which grasp the symbols of power of Osiris; on the left stands Isis, the “divine mother,” and on the right Nephthys. (From the Papyrus of Hu-nefer, plate 1.)
(And the god saith :—) (40) “Thou shalt come forth into heaven, thou shalt
78 HYMN TO RA
“pass over the sky, thou shalt be joined unto the starry “deities. Praises shall be offered (41) unto thee in “thy boat, thou shalt be hymned in the Afet boat, (42) “thou shalt behold Ra within his shrine, thou shalt “set together with his Disk day by day, thou shalt ‘see (43) the Ant! fish when it springeth into being in “the waters of turquoise, and thou shalt see (44) the “ Abfw' fish in his hour. It shall come to pass that the ‘“Hivil One shall fall when he layeth a snare to destroy “thee, (45) and the joints of his neck and of his back “shall be hacked asunder. Ra [saileth] with a fair “wind, and the Sektet boat draweth on (46) and cometh “into port. The mariners of Ra rejoice, and the heart “of Neb-tankh* is glad, (47) for the enemy of her lord “hath fallen to the ground. Thou shalt behold Horus ‘on the standing-place* of the pilot of the boat, and “Thoth and Maat shall stand one upon each side of “him. (48) All the gods shall rejoice when they ‘behold Ra coming in peace (49) to make the hearts of “the shining ones to, live, and Osiris Ani, victorious,
1 See the first Introductory Hymn, lines 15 and 16, and the note thereto (p. 6).
2 T.e., ‘* Lady of life,” a name of Isis.
* T.e., the little platform in the bows of the boat on which the pilot stands or sits. In the vignette to Chapter CXXXILI. it will be seen that some plaited object is hanging over the prow of the boat, and this I believe to represent a mat made of reeds and grass. The pilot of a Nile boat often has to sound the depth of the water under his boat, and this he does by means of a pole. As he lifts the pole out of the water, some drops fall on the place where he is standing, which eventually becomes wet and slippery; to secure a good foothold a reed-mat or layer of grass is thrown down, and I
have seen a layer of sugar-canes also used as a mat, A straw mat, of course, serves the purpose better,
HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN 79
“the scribe of the divine offerings of the lord of Thebes,
{»
“shall be along with them
A Hymn to the Setting Sun. [From the Papyrus of Mut-hetep (Brit, Mus. No. 10,010, sheet 5). ] Vignette : In this papyrus this Chapter is without a vignette.
Text: I. (1) [ANorHER CHAPTER OF] THE MYSTERY OF THE TUAT (UNDERWORLD) AND OF PASSING THROUGH — THE UNSEEN NETHERWORLD, and of seeing the Disk when he setteth in Amentet, [when] he is adored by the gods and by the Khus in the underworld, and [when] the Soul (2) which dwelleth in Ra is made perfect. He is made mighty before Tem; he is made ereat before Osiris; he setteth his terror before the company of the gods who are the guides of the nether- world; he maketh long (?) (5) his steps and he maketh his face to enter (?) | with that of] the great god. Now every Khu, for whom these words shall have been said, shall come forth by day in any form which he is pleased to take ; (4) he shall gain power among the gods of the Tuat (underworld), and they shall recognize him as one of themselves ; and he shall enter in at the hidden gate with power.
The lady (5) Mut-hetep, victorious, singeth hymns of praise to thee, [saying]: “O Ra-Tem, in thy splendid
So HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN
‘progress thou risest, and thou settest as a living being ‘in the glories (6) of the western horizon ; thou settest “in thy territory which is in Manu.' Thy uraeus is “behind thee, thy uraeus is behind thee. Homage to “thee, O thou who art in peace, homage to thee, O “thou who art in peace. Thou art joined unto the “Kye of Tem,° and it chooseth (7) its powers of protec- “tion [to place] behind thy members. Thou goest forth “through heaven, thou travellest over the earth, and “thou journeyest onward. O Luminary, the northern ‘and southern halves of heaven come to thee and they ““ bow low in adoration, (8) and they pay homage unto “thee, day by day. The gods of Amentet rejoice in “thy beauties and the unseen places.sing hymns of “praise unto thee. Those who dwell in the Seltet “boat (9) go round about thee, and the Souls of the “Kast * pay homage to thee, and when they meet thy “Majesty they ery: ‘Come, come in peace!’ There is ‘“‘a shout of welcome to thee (10), O lord of heaven and “governor of Amentet! Thou art acknowledged by “Tsis who seeth her son in thee, the lord of fear, the “mighty one of terror. Thou settest as a living being in (11) the hidden place. Thy father [Ta-|tunen raiseth “thee up and he placeth both his hands behind thee ; “thou becomest endowed with divine attributes in [thy]
1 T.e., the mountain of the sunset.
2 Like ‘‘ Hye of Horus” and ‘‘ Eye of Ra,” a name for a form of the Sun-god.
* T.e., the Souls or Spirits who take the forms of apes immediately _ the sun has risen; see the vignettes on pp. 73—77,
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“members of earth; thou wakest in peace and thou “settest (12) in Manu.' Grant thou that I may become “a being honoured before Osiris, and that I may come “to thee, O Ra-Tem! I have adored thee, therefore “do thou for me that which I wish. Grant thou (13)
Tur Sunset. The Sun-god in the form of a hawk wearing a disk about to set in the West. The three hawk-headed figures on the right are called Horus, Mestha, and Hapi, and the three jackal-headed figures, Horus, Tuamautef, and Qebh-sennut. Below are seen Isis and Nephthys adoring the two Lion-gods, who represent the Evening Sun and the Morning Sun respectively. (From the Papyrus of Qenna, plate 3.)
“that I may be victorious in the presence of the com- “pany of the gods. Thou art beautiful, O Ra, in thy “western horizon of Amentet, thou lord of Maat, thou
1 T.e., the mountain of the sunset.
VOD. I, G
82 HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN
“mighty one of fear, thou whose attributes are majestic, “OQ thou who art greatly (14) beloved by those who “dwell in the Tuat (underworld); thou shinest with “thy beams upon the beings that are therein per- “petually, and thou sendest forth thy light upon the “path of Re-stau. Thou openest up the path of the “double Lion-god,' thou settest the (15) gods upon [their] thrones, and the Khus in their abiding places. “The heart of Naarerf* is glad [when] Ra setteth, the “heart of Nadrerf is glad when Ra setteth.”
“Hail, O ye gods of the land of Amentet who make “offerings and oblations unto (16) Ra-Tem, ascribe “ye glory [unto him when] ye meet him, Grasp ye “your weapons and overthrow ye the fiend Seba on “behalf of Ra, and (17) repulse the fiend Nebt on behalf “of Osiris. The gods of the land of Amentet rejoice “and lay hold upon the cords of the Sektet boat, and “they come in peace; (18) the gods of the hidden place “who dwell in Amentet triumph.”
“Hail, Thoth, who didst make Osiris to triumph over “his enemies, make thou Mut-hetep, victorious, to ‘triumph over her enemies (19) in the presence of the “oreat divine sovereign chiefs who live with Osiris, the “Jord of life. The great god who dwelleth in his Disk “cometh forth, that is, Horus the avenger of his father, “Unnefer-Ra. (20) Osiris setteth, and the Khu{s] who
1 See the accompanying vignette, and that of Chapter XVII., p. 94. : 2 T.e., An-rut-f, the place where nothing groweth.
HYMN: TO THE-SETTING SUN
c Oo
“are in the ‘luat (underworld) say: Homage to thee, O ‘thou who comest as Tem, and who comest into being ‘‘as the creator of the gods. Homage to thee, O thou ‘““who comest as the holy Soul of souls, who dwellest in ‘the horizon. Homage to thee who art more glorious “than [all] the gods and who illuminest the Tuat with “thine Kye. Homage to thee who sailest in thy glory “and who goest round about in thy Disk.”
A Hymn to the Setting Sun.
[From the Papyrus of Nekhtu-Amen (Naville, op. cit., Bd. II. p- 23). ] Vignette I.: The deceased standing in adoration before the Sun-god, who is spearing a serpent. Vignette II.: The deceased spearing a serpent; compare the vignette to Chapter XXXIX. The following vignette, in which the deceased is seen kneeling in adoration before Ra in company with certain gods, is taken from the Papyrus of Qenna (plate 17).
Text : ANOTHER CHAPTER OF THE MYSTERY OF THE TUAT (UNDERWORLD) AND OF TRAVERSING THE UNSEEN
84 HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN
PLACES OF THE UNDERWORLD, of seeing the Disk when he setteth in Amentet, [when] he is adored by the gods and by the Khus of the Tuat (underworld), and [when] the divine Khu which dwelleth within Ra is made perfect. He setteth his might before Ra, he setteth his power before Tem, [he setteth his strength] before Khenti-Amentet, and he setteth his terror before the company of the gods. The Osiris of the gods goeth as leader through the Tuat (underworld), he crasheth through mountains, he bursteth through rocks, he maketh glad (?) the heart of every Khu. ‘This com- position shall be recited by the deceased when he cometh forth and when he goeth in with the gods, among whom he findeth no opposition ; then shall he come forth by day in all the manifold and exceedingly numerous forms which he may be pleased to take. (The: Osiris 7 saith :—-|
“A hymn of praise to Ra at eventide [when] he “‘setteth as a living being in Baakha.' The great god “who dwelleth in his Disk riseth in his Two Hyes* and “all the Khus of the underworld receive him in his “horizon of Amentet ; they shout praises unto Heru- “kkhuti (Harmachis) in his form of Tem, and they sing “hymns of joy to Ra when they have received him at “the head of his beautiful path of Amentet.”
' I.e., The mountain of Sunrise, but the scribe appears to have eee written J wl roms ® Baakha, instead of Manu. * T.e., the Sun and the Moon.
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He (i.e., the deceased) saith : “ Praise be unto thee, “OQ Ra, praise be unto thee, O Tem, in thy splendid “progress. Thou hast risen and thou hast put on “strength, and thou settest like a living being amid thy “ olories in the horizon of Amentet, in thy domain which “isinManu. ‘Thy uraeus-goddess is behind thee; thy “uraeus-goddess is behind thee. Hail to thee, in peace ; “hail to thee, in peace. Thou joinest thyself unto the “ Hye of Horus, and thou hidest thyself within its secret “place; it destroyeth for thee all the convulsions of thy “face, it maketh thee strong with life, and thou livest. “Tt bindeth its protecting amulets behind thy members. “Thou sailest forth over heaven, and thou makest the “earth to be stablished ; thou joinest thyself unto the “upper heaven, O Luminary. The two regions of the “Hast and West make adoration unto thee, bowing “low and paying homage unto thee and they praise “thee day by day; the gods of Amentet rejoice in thy “splendid beauties. The hidden places adore thee, the “aged ones make offerings unto thee, and they create “for thee protecting powers. The divine beings who “dwell in the eastern and western horizons transport “thee, and those who are in the Sektet boat convey “thee round and about. The Souls of Amentet cry “out unto thee and say unto thee when they meet thy “majesty (Life, Health, Strength!) ‘AJI hail, all hail!’ “When thou comest forth in peace there arise shouts “of delight to thee, O thou lord of heaven, thou Prince “of Amentet. Thy mother Isis embraceth thee, and in
86 HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN
“thee she recognizeth her son, the lord of fear, the “mighty one of terror. Thou settest as a living being ‘within the dark portal. Thy father Tatunen lifteth “thee up and he stretcheth out his two hands behind “thee; thou becomest a divine being in the earth. “Thou wakest as thou settest, and thy habitation is in “Manu. Grant thou that I may be venerated before “Osiris, and come thou [to me], O Ra-Tem. Since “thou hast been adored [by me] that which I wish “thou shalt do for me day by day. Grant thou victory “lunto me] before the great company of the gods, O Ra “who art doubly beautiful in thy horizon of Amentet, “thou lord of Maat who dwellest in the horizon. The “fear of thee is great, thy forms are majestic, and the “love of thee is great among those who dwell in the “underworld.”
A Hymn to the Setting Sun.
From a Papyrus of the XIXth Dynasty preserved at Dublin (see PY ynasuy | Naville, Podtenbuch, Bd. 1. Bl, 19). ]
Vignette: The deceased and his wife! standing with both hands raised in adoration before a table of offerings, upon which are a libation vase and lotus flowers.
Text: (1) A Hymn or Praise To RA-HeErvu-(2) Kauutt (RA-HARMACHIS) WHEN HE SETTETH IN (3) | The general treatment of the figures resembles that followed
by the artist in the Papyrus Hu-nefer; the man, however, has a fillet round his head.
HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN 87
THE WESTERN PART OF HEAVEN. He (7.e., the deceased) saith :—
‘Homage to thee, (4) O Ra [who] in thy setting art “(5) Tem-Heru-khuti (Tem-Harmachis) (6) thou divine “god, thou self-created (7) being, thou primeval matter “from which all things were made}. When [thou] “appearest (8) in the bows of [thy] bark men shout for “joy at (9) thee, O maker of the gods! (10) Thou didst “stretch out the heavens wherein thy two eyes! might “travel, thou didst make the earth to be a vast chamber “for thy Khus,? so that (11) every man might know his “fellow. The Sektet boat is glad, and the Mdtet boat “yejoiceth ; (12) and they greet thee with exultation ‘as thou journeyest along. The god Nu is content “and thy (13) mariners are satisfied; the uraeus- “ooddess hath overthrown thine enemies, and thou “hast carried off the legs of Apep. Thou art beautiful, “(14) O Ra, each day, and thy mother Nut embraceth “thee; thou settest in beauty, and thy heart is glad “(15) in the horizon of Manu, and the holy beings “therein rejoice. (16) Thou shinest there with thy “beams, O thou great god, Osiris, the everlasting “Prince, The lords of (17) the zones of the Tuat in “their caverns stretch out their hands in adoration “before (18) thy Aa (double), and they cry out to thee, “and they all come forth in the train of thy form “shining brilliantly. (19) The hearts of the lords of
! T.e., the Sun and Moon, E * I.e., the beatified dead and the gods of heaven.
88 HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN
“the Tuat (underworld) are glad when thou (20) “sendest forth thy glorious light in Amentet; their “two eyes are directed towards thee, (21) and they “press forward to see thee, and their hearts rejoice “when they do see thee. Thou hearkenest unto (22) “the acclamations of those that are in the funeral “chest,! thou doest away with their helplessness and “drivest away the evils which are about (23) them. “Thou givest breath to their nostrils and they take “hold of the bows of thy bark (24) in the horizon of “Manu. Thou art beautiful each day, O Ra, and may “thy mother Nut embrace Osiris... ... *, victorious.”