L. Page Renouf agreed with me in this trans-

lation.) Therefore we have these symbols repre-
senting The Great One of the North (i.e. Horus),
The Great One of the South (i.e. Set), and The

T

T

T

X

X

^

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

A A

Fig. <.

Great One of the Equinox (i.e. Shu), the Primary
Trinity.

At the principal entrance of the Temples there
were always Two Pillars. One was the Pillar
of Set and the other was the Pillar of Horus,
representing the two divisions of Heaven, North
and South, and their portrayal was at first in the
form of Fig. 5. On the top of the columns
later (see Fig. 15) were four lines, which repre-
sented the Heaven as a square and the Earth as
a square ; the Egyptians could not draw perspec-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 45

tively, but only on the flat, at this early period.
At the present day these are represented by the
Celestial and Terrestrial Globes.

Now this was the form of every Temple through-
out the world, and at the porchway entrance these
two Columns always stood ; in whatever country
these ruins are found the form is the same ; it is
also the correct form of a Masonic Lodge, and,
as is well known, these two Columns stood at the
porchway entrance of King Solomon's Temple and
bore the names of J. and B.

These two Pillars, in Egypt, were placed at the
porchway of all Temples in the Solar Cult to repre-
sent the entrance of their Amenta ; one was called
Tatt, the other Tattu. The word Tattu also denotes
the two Tatt Pillars. The Tatt is a figure of
stability ; it supports the four corners, and is
equal to the Square. Thus two Tatts at the
entrance to Tattu is equivalent to a Double
Square. Tattu is the entrance or gateway to the
region where the mortal Soul is blended with the
Immortal Spirit, and thereby established for ever.

According to the Egyptian wisdom all these
Temples were simply representatives, so to speak,
of their Heaven. Their Priests were human repre-
sentatives of the Divine Master in his various
attributes, and bore Divine titles — the same as
the Principal O's in some of our degrees. Their
teachings, forms, and ceremonies represented their

46 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

beliefs as to the life that must be led on this
earth to attain the everlasting life of happiness
in the next ; and the trials the Spirit would be
subjected to until that end was accomplished.

Although the form of our Lodges and the Ancient
Temples is the same, also the two Pillars or
Columns at the entrance, we do not have in our
M.M. Lodges the Cubes in the Centre ; but the
R.A. does, the reason being that we have divided
the " seven Ancient Mysteries " in a different
manner than did our ancient Brethren.

y

Fig. 6. Fig. 7. Fig. 8.

The Triangle was sacred on account of its
representing Heaven. The Primary Triangle was
as No. I, Fig. 6 ; and originally represented Set,
the God of the South (El Shaddai of the Phoeni-
cians), and was, in fact, an Ideograph for his
name. Horus, the God of the North, was also
represented by a triangle, as No. 2, Fig. 6, which
is also an Ideograph for his name. Later, when
Horus became Primary God, the Egyptians asso-
ciated all the attributes of Set to him, including
the Triangle of Set, and this was then depicted as
in Fig. 7, which is a later type of Fig. 8.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 47

Amongst the oldest Brotherhood the two double
triangles (Fig. 8) were surrounded by four Uraei
as guardians of the same ; at a later phase it was
three double triangles, surrounded with concentric
circles. At the entrance of their Temples there
were always " two watchers," each armed with a
knife. The one outside the door was called the
Watcher ; the one inside the door was called the
Herald, as seen in the Veginetta.

The Egyptian initiatory ceremony was conducted
with great secrecy and care. The candidates were
divested of most of their clothing, and a chain, or
rope of some kind, placed around their neck, to
signify their belief in God, their dependence on
Him, and their solemn obligations to submit and
devote themselves to His will and service. The
fact that they were neither naked nor clothed was
an emblem that they were untutored men, children
of nature, unregenerate, and destitute of any
knowledge of the true God, as well as being
destitute of the comforts of life. The chain or
rope was a symbol that the candidate was being
led from darkness to light, from ignorance to a
knowledge of the One True and Living God,
Creator, and Judge of all things in Heaven and
Earth. The candidate was blindfolded, and then
led by a brother (called in Egyptian An-er-f) to
the door of the Temple or Lodge, which appeared
as a blank wall in the form of A, Fig. 9. Arriving

48 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

at this door he asked for admittance, and was asked
by the "watcher" who he was. His answer,
translated from the Egyptian, was " The Kneeler,"
i.e. Shu. He was then given a password which,
in Egyptian, is Ra-gririt. The door was an

equilateral triangle, a
symbol typical of
Heaven. The square on
which he trod as he
passed through was a
symbol typical . of
Earth ; the whole en-
trance symbolized pass-
ing from Earth to
-Heaven. The candidate
was then conducted
through long passages,
and round the Lodge
seven times ; he had to
answer various questions,
words of " power and
might " being given him.
Finally, he was con-

FiG. 9.

ducted to the centre of the Lodge and asked what
he desired mostly ; his answer was that Light
might be given him. The candidate had to com-
mence his perambulations with his left foot first,
the reason for which is given in the Papyrus of
Nesi-Amsu, which gives the destruction of Apap,

Plate A.

Grand Masters Apron and Collar. Satit
presents the Pharaoh ■ Anieuothes III to
KhnumCi. (Drawn by Faiicher-Gitdin front
one of the bas-reliefs of the Temple of
Khnmntt, at Elephantine. This is now
destroyed.)

To face p. 49.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY t9

the greatest serpent of Evil. The left foot was
first placed on him, and is symbolical of com-
mencing our journey through life by putting all
evil thoughts and actions under and away from us ;
we should tread do\vn the great evils which beset us
through life. The destruction of Apap is given
in these words which can be found in the Papyrus
of Nesi-Amsu : " His body shall be cut in pieces
and burnt to ashes, and these ashes scattered over
the face of the earth and water by the four winds
of Heaven."

If the candidate turned back, or violated his
obligations, his Throat was cut and Head chopped
off (Ritual, Ch. xc.) after his Heart had been
torn out (Ritual, Ch. xxvii., xxviii., and xl.).
These Mysteries were the beliefs of the old wise
men of Egypt enacted in a dramatic form to
teach the Initiates their beliefs, as to what the Soul,
or Manes, had to undergo or pass through after he
had departed this Earthly life, before he could
enter Paradise.

Their W.M., or High Priest, was placed in his
chair with the same Grip and Token as we use at
the present day, except that it was the other Arm,
as may be seen on one of the bas-reliefs of the
Temple of Khnumu, at Elephantine. Here the
W3I.E. is presented to the master in the chair,
who then places him in his chair with the Grip
and Token, and gives him the word of the Chair,

5

50 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

which in Egyptian is Maat-Heru, meaning " One
whose voice must be obeyed."

The emblem of Power and Might which is given
to the W.M. — the Gavel — took its origin from the
original sacred sign still used amongst the Pygmies
in Inner Africa (Fig. lo). It is their symbol for
The Great One, The Chief. It is just three sticks
crossed.

The Nilotic Negroes, who followed the Pygmy
all over the world, converted the crossed sticks

><

Fig. 10.

Fig. II.

DP

Fig. 12.

into a double cross (Fig. i i ) by placing the
two sticks in a different way.

In a later phase it was used as a symbol to
represent the Great One, the Great Prince, in the
form of a double-headed Hammer or Axe (Fig. 12).
when stones took the place of these crossed sticks,
and primitive man began to acquire the knowledge
of hafting (Nilotic Negroes).

In the Third, or M.M. degree, the death of
H.A.B., and the legend attached thereto, is not
borne out by facts, as we see from 2 Chron. iv. 11:

n j;'r ' '

v.,

f^-i^l

I'LATK H,

Muster's Apron and Collar. Tlic I'luiraoli
Mcnkaiihoii, (Dran'ii by Bondicr from a
photograph by Fanchcr-Gitdiii.)

To face p. 50.

Plate C.

Companions {F.C.) Apron. Sklc in ihe form
of a door and the Statue of the Tomb of
Minnka. {Drawn by Boudier from a
photograph by M. de Morgan.)

To face p. 51,

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 51

" And Hiram finished the work that he was to make
for King Solomon for the House of God " ; and
Josephus mentions that "he Hved at Tyre long
afterwards." It is an innovation made by those
who could not understand the Egyptian prototype,
when it originated.

The old Brothers of Egypt wore leather aprons,
as do Freemasons of to-day, only of a different
shape. The Egyptian apron was triangular, the
strings or sash being fixed at the apex. They
also wore collars. One apron, which I have seen,
was that of the High Priest. It was yellowish-
white in colour, made of leather, with tassels of
gold, bearing the name of Amsu with an emerald
stone in the centre. The collars worn by the
High Priests were of gold, while another sus-
pended collar bore twelve different stones, set in
gold, representing the twelve divisions of Heaven,
or the Signs of the Zodiac. As there were various
degrees — seven in the Lesser Mysteries and ten
in the Greater Mysteries — so the aprons and
collars varied in colour and ornamentation as they
do with modern Masonry.

The G.W. in our thirtieth degree, as now given,
and which we are informed is to be found in
Maccabees (but that is not so), is, in Egyptian,
" Montu-anhiiri," the meaning of both the ancient
and modern word being identical.

The origin of the term " Companions " dates

52 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

at least six hundred thousand years or more. It
was first used in the time of the Totemic Soci-
ology, before the Stellar Cult was evolved, which
we may term Monumental times. Egypt was first
divided into Nomes or Domains ; one of these
Nomes was called Aria — the land of the Ari. It
was the seventeenth Nome of Upper Egypt, and
the only one which supplied workmen for the
Temples. These Ari were styled " Companions,"
because they worked in Companies, and were
initiated in the first and second degrees, and these
were the originals of the " Operative Masons."
None of them were initiated beyond the third
mystery, and they were quite a distinct class from
the " Old Religious Brotherhood," who employed
them to build their Temples and initiated them so
that they should keep the secrets of the same. A
body of these left Egypt at the time of the Stellar
Cult and travelled throughout the world wherever
the Stellar Priests went ; the first exodus was by
the Botyia, the next by the Turanians. A Priest
who was initiated into the third always .accompanied
them, though he was not an Operative himself.

The buildings of these old Stellar people can
always be identified in whatever part of the world
found. These were always iconographic, which
the people who followed did not copy. Both the
Stellar and Solar built in polygonal and monolithic
forms, stones, but the Solar was never iconographic.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 53

One of the earliest Ideographs for Set, El
Shaddai, and Horus were the two Eyes (see
Fig. 13), symbols of the two Pole Stars, North
and South, originating at Apta, or at the Mount
of the Equinox — Equatorial Africa. Another
Ideograph was the two Poles — the Pole or Pillar
of the South, assigned to Set, and the Pillar or
Pole of the North, assigned to Horus (Fig. 15),
the two Tatt Pillars. The Ideograph for the
name of Set, as El Shaddai, was as No. i, Fig. 6,
and that for the name of Horus was as No. 2,

<S><S> '^>

Fig. 13. Fig. 14.

Fig. 6. Fig. 10 was also an Ideographic Symbol
for Horus, as Amsu, but was never attached to, or
associated with, the God Set or El Shaddai.

The reason why the Operative Masons have gone
wrong in this part of their ritual is that they have
mixed up the Gods of the four quarters with the
One Great God. These only represented attributes ;
and they have also mixed up the God of the
Pole Star South, El Shaddai, with the God of the
Pole Star North, which was Horus, or Ihuh, of
Israel, or lu, Ea, of the Chaldeans, Assyrians,
and Babylonians, which is later than the Sumarian

64 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

El Shaddai of the Egyptian Set. These four Gods
of the four quarters were, first, the brothers, and,
secondly, the children of Horus ; in Egyptian,
Amsta, Hapi, Taumutf, and Kabhsnuf ; in
Mexican, Acatl, Tecpatl, Calli, and Tochtli ; the
four Bacabs of the Mayas ; the Man, Lion, Ox,
and Eagle of the R.A.C., and Matthew, Mark,
Luke, and John of the Christians.

That the Operative Masons have seven so-called
degrees now is because they have converted their
Initiate, Apprentice, and Master's degrees into
seven ; but this is of quite a comparatively recent
date. The Initiates and Apprentices were called
" Companions," and a few of the higher class
were "Masters." Bro. Dr. Carr has stated that
the reasons for much of the Speculative Cere-
monies can be seen in the Operative Rituals, while
the Operative Ceremonies get no elucidation from
the Speculative Ritual, and he specially draws
attention to the obligation in the First Degree.
The reason for this is obvious. The Operative
Masons or " Companions " were initiated in part
of the old Ceremonies and Rituals only, so that
they were bound by Oath to keep the secrets of,
and know the reasons for, the peculiar and dis-
tinctive construction of the old Temples, and they
never violated their obligations ; but the Operative
Masons have no Esoteric Eschatological rites at
all. These were never taught them, yet these

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 55

existed before the Operatives — when the old
Temples were formed by a simple double circle
of stones, twelve in number for each, surrounded
by bushes. Thus a Brother who understands and
knows all the ten Greater Mysteries, knows and
understands all the Operative Masons' work, whilst
the latter are completely ignorant as to the former.

But the Operative Masons' origin dates back
at least six hundred thousand years, and so I have
no doubt they will be contented with their great
antiquity. The proofs of all my contentions are in
the Ritual of Ancient Egypt, and on the various
monuments ; these I shall always be pleased to
identify and point out to any Brother who may
feel interested in this subject. The Operative
Masons, like the Speculative, have made many
"innovations" since they left Old Mother Egypt,
but this is not surprising considering all the vicis-
situdes they have passed through ; the wonder is
that so much remains of the original, and that so
little innovation has taken place after all these
years, remembering the trials and tribulations
they have endured.

Our 24-inch gauge is the old cubit of the ancient
Egyptians. It is the ideographic hieroglyphic, and
has the phonetic value of Maat, and indicated,
primarily, " that which is straight," and was the
name given to the instrument by which the work
of the " Craftsmen " was kept straight and

^' '^^ ^

56 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

measured ; metaphorically, a rule, or law, or canon,
by which the lives of men and their actions were
kept straight and governed. The ancient Brothers
thus used the word in a physical and moral sense,
as their naming it Maat clearly proves, therefore
it is an important instrument, analogous to our
own, much more so than the majority of the
Brothers would conceive.

The British inch was the unit of linear measure-
ment used at the building of the Great Pyramid, or
at least it is the nearest standard in existence, as
it has lost one one-thousandth part of itself after
being carried from land to land all these thousands
of years. There is, therefore, more in it than
being an instrument to "measure our work " and
being "symbolical of time." One inch is the time
representation of the Great Year prophetically.
Five hundred millions of the Pyramid inch is the
length of the earth's Polar diameter. Twenty-
five inches give the length of the Sacred Cubit,
5x5 = 25 angles of the Pyramid. The absolute
length of the Sacred Cubit is the same used by the
Israelites and spoken of in the V.S.L. as the one
ordained by God, and was brought out of Egypt by
Moses, who, being one of the High Priests of On,
knew and understood the Mysteries and Secrets of
the Great Pyramid and the Sacred Doctrines. It
was different in length to that of the Greek, Roman,
and latter-day Egyptian Cubit.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 57

Freemasons, perhaps, unknown to most of them-
selves, have been the custodians of the seprets
connected with it from the original, through ages
of time. Thus we see that the standard and xmit
of linear measurement, used at the building of
the Great Pyramid (during the Stellar Cult), from
which the British inch was derived in primeval
days of purity and Eschatological worship, before
the people fell away from their true doctrines, has
been handed down by us pure and unsullied. The
Incas, Mayas, and all the Old Stellar Cult people
before them, possessed and used this same measure.
The great attempt of the French people to abolish
alike the Christian religion and hereditary weights
and measures of all nations ; to replace the former
by worship of philosophy, and the latter by the
metre (the French metre scheme depending, in
a certain manner of their own, upon the magnitude
of the earth), is not very old, nor yet an improve-
ment upon the exactness in measurement of these
Egyptian people ; because, by assuming as their
unit and standard of length, the one ten-millionth
of a "quadrant of the earth's surface," that took a
curved line drawn on the earth's surface, in place
of the straight axis of rotation, it could not be so
exact, and, in fact, is far inferior in measurement.
The British hereditary inch, therefore, is much
nearer and more exact to an integral earth measure.
As long as one retains a power of geometry, so

58 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

long will the diameter be thought of greater
primary importance than the circumference of a
circle ; and when we come to a sphere in motion,
the axis of its dynamical labour shall hold a vastly
superior importance, especially when the earth's
equator is not a true circle. Thus we see that
this symbol has a great claim upon our attention,
and we have to return to the Egyptians of the
Stellar Cult for its origin.

The origin of the Blazing Star was the Egyptian
" Sothos," and is shown in Zootype form as
Anubis, who guided the souls through the Under-
world, and its allusion as the Star which guided
the Wise Men is a recent version of the old (see
Ritual). In another form, as " The Bright Morning
Star " — the Star with eight rays — it represents
Horus of the resurrection. It was typified by
Orion, the eightfold one, the highest of the seven,
with the essence of these to make One — The One,
therefore eight. In Revelation the Son of God
promises to give the Morning Star to him that
overcometh ; " as I also have received of my
Father ; and I will give Him the Morning Star "
(Rev. ii. 28). The Morning Star was equally
identified with Horus ; "I know the power of the
East ; Horus of the Solar Mount ; the Calf in
the presence of God ; and the Star of Dawn "
(Ritual, Ch. cix.). Henceforth the Morning Star

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 59

was given to the followers of Horus, therefore,
we, as descendants of the original brothers and
followers of Horus, still retain the symbol.

It was the Star of Horus, and his guide, which
led him to Paradise when he seated himself upon
his Throne, and then Horus gave his Star as a
guide to his followers (see Ritual). In one
representation in the Egyptian he is seen with the
Star on his head, beckoning on his followers.

The Masonic Square is depicted in many of the
Ancient Temples, and also in the Great Pyramid.
In the Egyptian Hall of Judgment Osiris is seated
on the. Square whilst judging the dead. It is also
portrayed as the corner-stone of the building,
and as the Foundation of Eternal Law in the
Court of Divine Justice. The Egyptian name of
it is Neka. It was first employed in squaring
the stones of the builders, and symbolically in
squaring the conduct in the sphere of morals of the
Brotherhood. Maat is also depicted as sitting
on the Square. Thus we have this symbol bearing
the same interpretation as in Masonry. Among the
Egyptians, when it was employed in squaring the
stones of the builder, it denoted Creation accord-
ing to Eternal Laws or understanding rules, it
was the seat of Justice, and of judging right from
wrong, " To bring the material into perfect form
and to reject that which was not perfect, both
physically and morally." To build on the Square

60 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

as a fourfold foundation, is to build for ever.
Some of the Operative Masons were classed and
called, in Egyptian, Stone-squarers.

The ancients used the rough and smooth Ashlar
as much as we do. The smooth Ashlar, or Cube,
symbolically represented and signified Truth. The
twelve Camps and the twelve Banners of the
Children of Israel represent the original characters
in their Astronomical Mythology, and were given
first to the twelve Thrones or divisions of Heaven
in the Stellar Cult, and in the Zodiac, in the final.
Thus at first they represented twelve Stellar
powers, and around many Temples we find these
twelve depicted by Pillars of Stone. The original
characters in the Astronomical Mythology, that
were given the twelve Thrones or Camps, with
separate and distinctive Banners, or Totemic Zoo-
types, were : Sut, Horus, Shu, Hapi, Ap-Uat,
Kabhsenuf, Amsta, Anup, Ptah, Atum, Sau, Hu.
These were the Kamite originals, brought over
and converted into the Banners of the twelve
Camps or Tribes of Israel.

The four principal Banners in the R.A.C. took
their origin from the four Brothers, or Children
of Horus. They are to be found all over the
world, wherever the Stellar Cult existed, and
appear under a great variety of names.

The origin of the F.C. Sign has been given on
page 340, " Signs and Symbols of Primordial

fHE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 61

Man," and the origin of the D.C. Symbol on
page 307.

None of our passwords are of pure Egyptian
language, because these were lost for thousands
of years ; we use many Hebrew words which
mean the same as the Egyptian. I have dis-
covered the old secret words, some of which I
have given you. The true word for the Master's
chair is Maat Heru — " One whose voice must be
obeyed."

The first worker in Metals was not T.C. ; the
P.W. in Egyptian is Horus-Behutet, but any
Brother who is interested will find all in the Ritual
of Ancient Egypt. Dr. E. A. WaUis Budge, in
"The Gods of the Egyptians," page 485, states :
" It is, of course, impossible to say who were the
* blacksmiths ' that swept over Egypt from South
to North, or where they came from," but believes
" that they represent the invaders in predynastic
times, who made their way into Egypt from a
country in the East, by way of the Red Sea, and
by some road across the eastern desert— that is,
through the Wadi Hammamat. They brought
with them the knowledge of working in metals
and of brick-making, and having conquered the
indigenous people m the South— i.e., those round
about Edfu— they made that city the centre of
their civilization, and then proceeded to conquer
and occupy other sites and to establish sanctuaries
for their God."

62 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

But I have proved that man originated in Africa
and not Asia (" Origin and Evolution of Primi-
tive Man "), and these came up from the
South — Nilotic Negroes, the Kaverondo tribes.
Remnants of these still exist in Africa. These
were workers in iron and copper ; and amongst
these people the blacksmiths are called
" Yothetth " ; there is also a separate class
called " Uvino," and amongst the Gemi Tribe the
blacksmiths were founded into a religious secret
society, and still possess all the secrets of Horus
of Edfu. Horus was their Great Chief in their
Hero-Cult, and is the Chief Artificer in Metals
— i.e. he was recognized as " the Chief Hero "
of this Clan or Secret Society, in the time of the
Totemic Sociology.

It must be interesting to know that amongst the
Nilotic Negroes, and natives of South Africa, when
they wish to convey the fact that they are speak-
ing the absolute truth, or when they have as now
sometimes to swear in a court of law that they
are speaking the truth, they draw the right hand
with fingers extended (some the index finger alone)
across the throat, accompanied by the words,
" Nisho i nkiso e perzulu," or if they omit the
words, as amongst some tribes, they point upwards
with the index finger and thumb extended, the
other fingers being flexed upon the palm. The
words mean, " God cut my throat if I break this

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 63

oath or do not tell the truth." It is the most
binding oath of natives in Africa.

Many of our signs and secrets exist amongst
these African people at the present day, and have
been handed down from generation to generation
by the old Turanians. It was these " blacksmith
men " who knew how to smelt iron ore and forge
the metal into weapons of offence and defence, that
formed themselves into the " big clan of black-
smiths," having Horus as their Astronomical
Chief. They came up from the South to the North
in predynastic times, and, having conquered the
Masaba Negroes and lower types of Nilotic
Negroes, who were then the inhabitants of the
land of Egypt, established themselves in Egypt,
making Edfu their chief city and centre.

The Egyptians called these " followers of

Horus " Mesnitu, or Mesniti, which, I believe, was

the original name for all their tribes, and which

may now be applied to the Masai Group. As we

know, Horus was their deified God, and as Edfu

became their centre, he was styled " Lord of the

Forge City," "The Great Master Blacksmith." It

was here that they first built a sanctuary or temple,

which was called Mesnet. One hieroglyphic wliich

they used (Fig. i6) proves that these

people were those belonging to the

TIT • T~. • . , Fig- i6.

Masai ancestors. Priests were appointed

to attend to the Temple. One might say

64 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

that this was the first representative of our
Masonic Temple. Those who erected and looked
after the construction of the Temple were
styled " Companions." Thus we see that our word
T.C. is a substituted name. The original and
real " Great Master in Metals " was " Horus of
Edfu " — or " Horus-Behutet." I have given the
above fully as an example of the falsity of some
of the secret names we have substituted for ihe
originals. Many other words which we have
adopted have no relation or meaning to the
originals.

But the meaning of the mysteries could only be
known whilst the genuine gnosis was authentically
taught. This had ceased when the Christian
Sarcolatry literalized the mystic drama of Amenta,
the Earth of Eternity, as a more tangible-looking
human history and a new revelation sent from
God. Yet it is at least six hundred thousand
years old. From these mysteries the ceremonies
of the Masonic Brotherhood have been handed
down from generation to generation ; re-edited
and altered only to conform with our present ideas
— as, for instance, the statement : " The six periods
of the world's existence, now about to close with
the second advent, when time shall be swallowed
up in Eternity," has no meaning, nor has it any
significance in its present form.

The Great Pyramid of Egypt and Stellar Cult

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 65

explain the Mystery. The key to its meaning
is the Seven Pole Stars, and the periods of
precession of the same, which was also figured as
Seven Eyes or Seven Circles, in consequence of
these being a figure of a Cycle.

As a mode of measuring time and periods
of the Great Year by the Stellar Cult, the
eye or circle came to the full "as at first "
seven times at seven stations of the Pole, in the
Cycle of Precession. As a type the Eye might be
full, once a month, once a quarter, once a year,
once in a thousand years ; in 2,155 years ; 3,716
years, or in the Great Eye of All — The Eye of
the Eternal once in 25,827 years (Ritual,
Ch. cxl.-cxiv.).

The submergence of seven Pole Stars involved
the same number of .^eluges, and marked the
periods of the world's existence in the Cycle of
Precession, which culminated in the great deluge
of all, not to be swallowed up in Eternity, but to
recommence again (only to be swallowed up in
Eternity when the Pole Stars cease to exist). The
Mystery of the seven Circles is the same as the
Mystery of the seven Stars of Revelation ; it is
the Mystery of the Celestial Heptanomes in the
Stellar Cult of the old Egyptians.

The " Second Advent " marks the time of origin
of this, which was at the time that these old
teachers had marked the end of the second revolu-

6

eO THE ARC-O'A OF FREEN1A,S0NRY

tkm of the seven Pole Stars rUrsa Minor), from
the tmie of thdr first observing and recording- The
proof of which the>^ have left in Egypt on the
momtniaits and in the Ritual — observations lasting
up to that time 51,654 years, or two revolutions.
Therefore, "ohe six periods of the world's exist-
eoce were represented by the six Pole Stars in
Prece^on, with the seventh added, which, when
aided, or about to change to re-precession, repre-
seated the Great Deluge or Eternity of the Great
Year, when all was at an end, to recommence
agam with another life or precession." It was
astronomical mythology at first, a deluge being
the aiding of a cycle of time. It became a natural
type of an aiding of time in the uranographic
representaiicm, but in no other than in an astrono-
mical soise of re-beginning at the same point of
departare as in the beginning. It will re-begin
again in the great circle of precession, but only
as a matter of chronology.

In the great year of precession there were seven
stations of the celestial pole, in these constellations :
I, Draconis ; 2, the Lesser Bear ; 3, Kepheus ; 4,
Cygrrus ; 5, Lyra ; 6, Hippopotamus ; and 7,
Herakles Cthe Man^ These were the seven sustain-
ing powers of Heaven, the seven Pillars, seven
Mounts, seven divinitias, called Lords of Eternity.
The drcuit of precession first outlined by the move-
ment of the celestial pole was the circle of the

THE ABCANA OF FREEMASONRY «T

eternal— or sevoi etei-ij^i — Jii Ji they imaged by
the Shennu-ring. The end of the Great Year,
determined by t': : aU, ocxnured in the

sign or cons: "" f Man. Hooce whm

they convert: •""*'> Solar Cult, the

Brothers of : -^ true gnosis,

have fallal i:.:o 2 -^ skal error,

~ they sdll practise

:.-enteenth and c .
R -ist be interestiii^ : ^

.ise here we find in one of the cer
or the old brotherhood die candidate had the veil
of darkness (a net) over his bead, so that he was
miable to see. With the assistance of (in £gyptian)
Se-meri-fj, he was led or had to r»55? through diffi-
culties, danger, and darkr.ess. . ch he was
presented to the Great C ^ - Chiefs,
the \'eQ b^ng removed b ;::"him
to hght, life, health, an:: -,.::. ^..i j.„ the
glorious company of Princes^ in which he was giv«i
a place. He was first presmted and conducted by
.\n-maut-ef, who saith - ** I am ccxne to you, ye
great circle of Princes in Heaven, upcm earth, and
in the world below ; I bring to you N — ^ void of
offence towards any. Grant that he may be with
you daily." He is conducted by Se-meri-f durough
the valley of the shadow of deadi» and after oxNint-
ing sev«a st^is is presoited Id die Glorious Princes
with these words : ** I come to you a circle of

68 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Princes, and I bring N — to you ; Grant to him
bread, water, and air (provender of the altars) and
an allotment (or seat) in the Sechit-hotep, like
Horus." Thoth having removed the dark net, he
is invited to unite, or join in, the circle, and feast.
He states : "I have given bread to the hungry,
water to the thirsty, clothes to the naked, and a
boat to the shipwrecked." " Most Illustrious "
is an Egyptian title used for the Master of Masters
(Ritual, Ch. xiv.).

We have likewise mixed up our degrees into
thirty-three, some part of the first original seven
are now intermixed with so-called Higher Degrees.
The original Degrees were seven Lesser and ten
Greater. The seven Lesser belonged to and origi-
nated with the Old Stellar Cult. The ten Greater
belonged to and took their origin in the Solar Cult.
Some of our Signs and Symbols date back to
Primary Man, and in tracing his evolution we
find how these have originated and one added to
others, and how some of these have been changed
with the different Cults.

If we merely consider the tokens of recognition,
the passwords, secret words, and the decorations
of the Lodges, according to the degrees into which
modern Masonry is divided, we find that many
of them are taken from the V.S.L., and are symbo-
lical of events, real or imaginary, some of which
are said to have taken place in those comparatively

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 69

modern times which followed the decline and
destruction of the old Egyptian Empire, and
marked the commencement of the Christian era ;
others as having occurred before the Christian
Cult commenced, others at the building of King
Solomon's Temple, all of which some think, and
have stated, have nothing to do with the
Religious Mysteries of the Egyptians that were
in existence ages before. Where do those who
positively affirm that all these have not been de-
rived from the Egyptians suppose they originated?
From whence did the above obtain them? It is
open to all students to confirm these observations
and translations, or to bring forward further
evidence in which they will critically demonstrate
that the photographs I have taken of these Signs
and Symbols still existing on the walls of Ancient
Temples and walls of ruined cities, in Africa, Asia,
Central, North, and South America, as well as
other parts of the world, have nothing whatever
to do with those in use amongst ourselves. Yet
these are identical in every form and shape, what-
ever may have been the esoteric meaning given
to them by the initiated of these countries.
Further, the translations of these old Rituals, which
we have now discovered and can read, are
analogous to our own ; at the same time, many
innovations have naturally been made because it
became necessary to replace those that were lost,

70 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

and to meet a higher state of evolution which man
has now attained.

The proofs I have here brought forward are
sufficient to prove my contention critically ; yet
there are still many more to be found in " Signs
and Symbols of Primordial Man " and the Ritual
of Ancient Egypt, and I now leave it to all my
Brother Masons to say, after a critical examination
of the evidences, if my contention is justified
or not.

II

THE SOUL OF MASONRY

Can the unity of the world be accomplished by
Freemasons? Yes ; and by Freemasons only. But
not yet. That is the answer. Why not yet? is
the question to be answered. One of the reasons
is because the majority of Freemasons do not in
reality carry out in daily practice the sublime tenets
of the Brotherhood. And why? There are many — X
reasons. I will t y and enumerate some for the
good of my brother Freemasons, and I hope that
this may bear fruit both here and in foreign lands.
First. — Because the historical aspect of Free-
masonry is not known except to a few students of
the Craft. The majority of the Brotherhood have
been, and are, content to think that the history of
Freemasonry is entirely modern. They have never
studied it ; have never thought what it was, and
is. We have no history of the Craft for those
who cannot read ancient writings, except where

I have given them a decipherment and transla-

71

72 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

tion of these, which probably many have never
heard of, and few have read.

Beyond my works there is no history of Free-
masonry, save in its modern aspects, except that
which is disclosed in ancient writings. Few
Brothers have studied the history of the human
race and evolution of man, which alone contains
the secret of the development of Freemasonry. If
Freemasons studied this, even only in a minor
degree, they would see and understand the evolu-
tion, or rather revolution, that is now taking
place in this country at the present time, and
which, if continued in its present phase for a flew
more years, will throw them back again, in the
British Isles at least, to .that chaos from which
Freemasonry has many times already suffered.
Without a knowledge of the past there cannot
be any guide to the future. The present and
continuous thought of our Brotherhood, as well
as of others amongst the majority, is one of self),
and great indifference to the feelings and welfare
of others, except when it specially affects them-
selves, and it is here we have the

Second Cause.— Those of the Craft who are
striving to bring about that high ideal of brother-
hood to be a reality, and not a sham, are not
supported with that fraternal activity which is so
desirable. There are many Brothers who care
nothing but to gain honours, which are a sham

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 73

to many who wear them. Others only think of
Charity. So far, that is right and good, but that
is not Freemasonry ; nor will ever Freemasonry
be advanced further in the evolution or the
coalescing of the Brotherhood into one great
fraternal and universal whole by it.

The men of the various Governments all the
world over think nothing of the true benefit of
the human race ; with them it is party politics, a
repetition of self, position, and aggrandisement,
to be obtained at any cost. Possibly, if they
have ever studied the rise and fall of nations,
they may be conceited enough to try and abase
their thoughts and obliterate their better-thinking
powers, and so, deceiving themselves, make them-
selves believe that they cannot, or will not, fall
into the same evils which have followed every
nation that has entered on a similar course. Vain,
ignorant, and foolish thoughts and actions, opposed
to the divine laws of nature, can only have one
result and termination.

In the past history of the world there are two
causes only, or primary factors, which paved the
way for the downfall and destruction of every
empire.

The first is the dissension of the Priests amongst
themselves, and, as a result which must naturally
follow such dissensions, the introduction of
Socialism. No people have ever risen to be a

74 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

great nation and then fallen and been destroyed,
except for these two causes. This is now being
enacted again in this Empire, the greatest the
world has ever seen. Are there any persons— any
Brothers in our great fraternity — so foolish as to
think that we can escape that doom and destruc-
tion which are awaiting us by continuing on such
a course? The result and efifect on Freemasonry
cannot be expressed and demonstrated adequately
in this work. Every Freemason who has had any
experience knows the bitterness and vindictive-
ness with which the Roman Catholic Church
treats the Brotherhood — and how much greater,
if possible, will be the effect of the intro-
duction of Socialism, which is fast pervading and
threatening to eat the life out of our country.
This is one phase of imminent and actual danger
that is threatening our Brotherhood in a very
acute form ; it is actual, it is real, however much
we may wish to close our eyes, or however much
indifference we may assume.

Only a few years ago we, in this country, went
through great and acute tension — that danger which
threatened war between us and the United States
of America. That has passed, and will never
return in an acute form again. Why? Because
the Brotherhood sent their great representative, the
Grand Master of Illinois, to this country, and I
had the great pleasure to meet him at the Q. C.

t

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 75

Lodge, when he gave the message of peace and
brotherhood : " There shall be no war between
the United States of America and England ; we
are of one Brotherhood, and the Freemasons of
U.S.A. have decided that there shall be no war,
now or ever, between the two countries, and I am
delegated to come here and tell you this, repre-
senting over a million of Brothers, and ask you
in return to say there shall be no war." What
a glorious triumph for the Brotherhood !

Did the authorities who at present govern us
try and bring about the same result with the
recent friendly deputation of the Brotherhood
from Germany, or only talk platitudes — or were
they unsuccessful in their endeavours? '

We boast of a grand and perfect organization of
our great Brotherhood. Have we any organiza-
tion that we can rely upon? Have we any leaders
of men? How many in those who govern the
Craft? How many Brothers have we who work,
and wish, and act for the one universal Brother-
hood?

If our great Brotherhood were the perfect
organization that many suppose, with a govern-
ment of ** leaders of men " whose ambition was
only for the good of the Craft, the peace of the
world, with the universal fraternal relations which

' We know now that they were, for since writing the above
War has been declared ; it is unnecessary to dilate on it.

76 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

our tenets profess, there would be no war ; there
would be no downfall. We are numerous enough,
we are strong enough, to govern the world, but
we are not universally organized, and without
this we are useless and impotent to form that unity
of universal brotherhood which characterized Free-
masonry two hundred thousand years ago. The
mere talking of platitudes, what we are, and what
we ought and wish to be, is useless without action,
and yet there is apparently no action at present.
We have numbers of great and good men in our
ranks, and many in the Grand Councils and
Governing bodies. Let them take action ; the
whole of the Brotherhood will support them. No
Generals will ever have, had such a devoted and
large army as our Brotherhood will prove them-
selves to be. Let them lead with resolute action,
and fear nothing, true to the principles of the
Craft, without fear or favour, pure and unsullied ;
without sword, blow, or shedding of a tear, that
great ideal would be accomplished. There can
be no fear of the dissentient Priesthood now.

We have no dogmas or creeds to confuse the
faith and belief in the One Great Eternal and
Divine Architect of the Universe, Creator of All
Things, therefore no question of a difference of
creed would obtrude itself, or cause any seces-
sion amongst the Brothers of various climes and
countries.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 77

As for Politics — What antics do some creatures,
calling themselves men, descend to for party
reasons I The grandest of all the Divine Creator's
works — Man — has been degenerated into the basest
of animals. Many, a disgrace to humanity, have
no thoughts of the hereafter, or no real wish for
the advancement of their fellow-creatures. What
they profess is one thing, but what their actions
denote is something totally antithetic.

I say, therefore, to all Freemasons throughout
the world, organize under leaders of men who
will act without fear or favour ; each one of you
be true to the grand Brotherhood ; be true to the
tenets of the Craft, and let these be a guide to
your daily life, ever remembering that we are all
of one Brotherhood, which is beyond any words
to express. Life here is short, the life to come
is for eternity. Try and think what eternity is.
By your universal combination you possess the
dominant power for the advancement and good
of humanity generally. If you exercise these
powers, the Divine Creator will be with you, will
prosper and assist you. If you fail in this and
" bury your talents," He will disperse and scatter
you, as He has done before, and wait until other
and more enlightened generations of the human
family arise and take your place.

Ill

OUT OF THE SILENCE

Two very interesting articles on the Great Pyramid
by Mr. F. E. Leith, of New Zealand, appeared in
The Freemason — some of many that have been
written on this subject — but his are of great import-
ance and interest. It is a pity, however, that Mr.
Leith has not studied the " Ritual of Ancient
Egypt," because the Pyramid is part of the Ritual
written in Stone. Therein he will find a definite
answer and solution to all his questions. The two
books he quotes are perverted parts of this ancient
book, the oldest in the world. " The Secret Doc-
trine of Madame Blavatsky " shows a small amount
of knowledge — gained principally, I beheve, in India
— of this Ritual, mixed with a great many errors
and hypothetical ideas which, critically, must fall
to the ground. She uses terminology she cannot
understand, which without the interpretation from
the Ritual has no meaning. I give an example,
which is sufficient, although a dozen might be

taken : —

78

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 79

" Listen ye Sons of the Earth to your instruc-
tors, the Sons of the Fire, learn there is neither
First nor Last, for All is One Number issued from
No Number. Learn what we, who descend from
the Primordial Seven, we who are born of the
Primordial Flame, have learned from our fathers.
From the effulgency of light the ray of ever-
darkness sprang in space the re-awakened energies.
The one from the egg, the six and the five. Then
the three, the one the four, the one the five, the
twice seven, the sum total. And these are the
Flames, the Essences, the Builders, the Force,
the Divine Man."

In the Egyptian representation there are seven
Souls of life-forces recognized in nature. Six
of these were pre-human — elementary forces or
powers born of the Primary Great Mother, when
there was yet no human soul distinguished from the
six that were souls, such as light or air, earth or
water, and animal or vegetable life. The seventh
Soul was human. This was the Soul of Blood,
brought forth by a goddess in the human likeness.
The Blood Mother was imaged by the Virgin
Neith (see " Signs and Symbols of Primordial
Man "). These six were pre-anthropomorphic, the
seventh was human, 6 + 1=7. They were the
elementary children of the Great Mother, six
Brothers and One the leader, or Great One of the
company. Sut, the male Hippopotamus ; Sebek,

80 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

the Crocodile ; Shu, the Lion ; Hapi, the Ape ;
Anup, the Jackal ; Kabhsenuf, the Hawk ; and
One the Elder Horus, the Human, as The Chief,
This was the same in Totemism and the mythology,
and all descended from the Great Mother, who
was mythical.

The change in the human descent from the
motherhood to the fatherhood is not apparent in
the mythology until the time of Ptah, the father
of Atum-Ra, but these seven were carried on from
their Totemism and Mythology to the Stellar
Mythos, and from the Stellar to the Lunar, then to
the Solar, and finally are brought on in the Escha-
tology in different forms and characters, and in the
present day are represented both in the Hebrew
and the Christian doctrines in various forms. It
is in Atum-Ra, or Tum, who was both male and
female, that we find " one all Parent." In the
Ritual, ch. xvii., Tum is described as giving birth
to Hu and Sa as the children of him who now
unites the Father and Mother as divinity in one
person. Hu denotes matter, Sa or Ka signifies
spirit. This creation then is from blood and
spirit, " the double primordial essence " first
assigned to Ptah.

These were the seven Souls or elementary powers
represented by Zootypes, in the primary form,
and were the primordial forms of the primary
powers that were derived at first from the Mother

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 81

Earth and the elements in external nature, and
these gods became astronomical or astral, as the
Khus or Glorious Ones in the Celestial Hepta-
nomes of Heaven in seven divisions. In Stellar
Mythos (at the time of the building of the Great
Pyramid) they became the seven Glorious Ones,
seven Pole Stars (Ursa Minor), whom we read of
in the Ritual (ch. xvii), who were the seven with

Fig. 17.

Horus in Orion, seven with Anup at the Pole of
Heaven, seven with Taht, seven with Ptah, and i
finally with Ra and Osiris as the seven Gods of
Eternity. The three represented, Sut, Shu, and
Horus (see Fig. 17), formed the primary Trinity
and the primordial Triangle ; Horus situated at the
North Pole Star ; Sut at the South, and Shu at
the Equinox. This was represented as the Triangle

7

82 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

of Heaven, and was typified by the door of
Pyramid, which was a triangular stone revolving
on its axis (see " Signs and Symbols of Primordial
Man "). The one and the four. The one was
Horus — the four were the four brothers of Horus,
afterwards called the children of Horus, who were
the four supports of Heaven when this was repre-
sented by the Square — and here in the Pyramid
symbolized by the four stones, which form a
square over the entrance. The " flame born of a
flame " was Horus, the child of Hathor, who came
forth at dawn as the Young Sun God. Hathor,
the Moon Goddess, descends into the underworld,
and there meets the Sun, and obtains regeneration
of Light from the Sun (Lunar mythology). In
Ritual, ch. xvi., it is stated : " Thou art Horus,
the Son of Hathor, the flame born of a flame."
Here Horus is born and is represented as the
Child of Light, who became in the Eschatology
the Divine Man.

" The one from the Egg ! " How would
Madame Blavatsky have rendered the meaning of
this mystery? Yet in the Ritual it is plain. The
God of the Earth was Seb, whose Zootype in the
mythology was a Goose that laid the Egg. Now
the Egg that was laid was the Sun setting in the
West, which was " hatched out " in the under-
world and came forth in the East as the Young
Sun — " Giver of Light," etc. — and was typical of

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 83

Horus, the Young Sun God. Her book is a
mixture of a little of all the Mythologies and
Eschatology jumbled together, and has no mean-
ing without the interpretation of the Ritual of
Egypt.

The Second Pyramid (one of three) was built
to memorize Sut. " The Pyramid of Sut, when
Sut was the first. The God of the Pole Star
South, El Shaddai." How long Sut reigned as
God of the South it is impossible to state, but
that he did so for many thousands of years there
is ample proof still extant. It was known by
these old wise men of Egypt that as they travelled
North from their original homes — Equatorial Pro-
vinces— Sut would go down and disappear in the
underworld, and that Horus (North Polar Star)
would rise in the ascendant and be permanently
established for ever. Hence the changes, first from
Sut being a primary God, second as a brother to
Horus, and third, that " he descended " as Horus
" ascended." He then became the type of the
Great Evil One in one form, and Ap-Uat, a form
of Set-Anup, in another, the guider of the way
of the underworld. This is written and symbo-
lized in the Second Pyramid. It is also symbolized
as the change from the worship of El Shaddai
(Phoenician name of Sut) to the worship of Ihuh,
Hu or lu Eu, and corresponds to the change from
the Eloistic to the Jehovistic God, which was the

84 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

change from the Stellar to the Solar Mythos
(i Chron. xii. 5),

As regards age, the Pyramids were erected at
the earliest time of these astronomical observations,
at the time that Sut (El Shaddai) was the supreme
God of the South, situated at the South Pole Star.
He was always represented as red, and the Arabs
have a tradition that this was the burial-place of
Sut — but of course Sut was mythical, only a type,
and represented night or darkness after. The
Pillar of Red Brick, being less permanent, went
down as predicted in the deluge as a figure of the
Southern Pole, whereas the Pillar of Stone (North
Great Pyramid) remained for ever as an image of
the Celestial Pole, or .of Annu, the Site of the
Pillar, in their astronomical mythology. It v;as
reported by Diodorus that Annu (Heliopolis in the
Solar Mythos) was accounted by its inhabitants to
be the oldest city in Egypt, which may have been
mythically meant, as Annu was also a city or
station of the Pole, the most ancient foundation in
the northern heaven, described in the Eschatology
as a place of a thousand fortresses provisioned for
eternity. The two pillars of Sut and Horus were
primal as pillars of the two Poles, thus figured in
the equatorial regions as the two supports of
heaven, when it was first divided into two portions.
South and North, and the pillar or mount of the
South was given to Sut, and the pillar of the North

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 85

to Horus. The typical two pillars are identified
with and as Sut and Horus, in the inscription of
Shabaka from Memphis, in which it is said, " The
two pillars of the gateway of the House of Ptah
are Horus and Sut.'' Thus the two pillars at the
entrance are explained. The great stones built
into the masonry, and fourfold, set with a
Triangular Stone, which acted on its pivot for
providing an entrance, is symbolical of Heaven
and Earth. The four supports of Heaven, when
Heaven was represented as a Square, and this
Earth was also depicted as a Square. The Triangle
was the sacred Triangle of Sut, Horus, and Shu,
and represented the original Trinity in its earliest
form. The passing through this door was symbo-
lical of passing from Earth to Heaven (see " Signs
and Symbols of Primordial Man "). It is only
by the Ritual that you can decipher the meaning
and unlock the hidden mystery of the past, here
written in stone. If students will learn Stellar
Mythos and read the Ritual of Ancient Egypt,
they will have no doubt left as to the origin and
meaning of it all ; it is the key of the wisdom
of the old Egyptic Theopneustics, left for future
generations to read and learn after a dark and
degenerate age. I have written " Signs and
Symbols of Primordial Man " for all those Brothers
who cannot obtain the Ritual, or, if obtained,
cannot read it.

86 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

The " Star Sothis " was " The Star of the White
Spirits," i.e. it was the place where all the white
spirits came forth after travelling through the
underworld in the earliest time of the Egyptian
Mythology, during their totemic sociological state,
and during the time of Stellar Mythos — before
Amenta was formed, and therefore pre-Solar. In
Stellar Mythos it was the Star of Annunciation, it
heralded the birth of Horus. It was the Morning
Star of the Egyptian year — 365^^ days — and their
Great Year — 25,827 years. In Lunar Mythos it
was the Star of Hathor and her infant son Horus,
and above all to these oldest observers it was the
herald of the Inundation, telling them when the
Nile would come down and fertilize the land, and
food would be plentiful as a good result of inun-
dation. Most important and sacred rites were con-
nected with the rising of this Star, which we
need not enter into here. But here was within the
Great Pyramid the time of the commencement of
the New Year which was the commencement of the
Precession of the seven Pole Stars {Ursa Minor),
ending with the seventh Pole Star Hercules, " The
Man'' — the 6 -f i = 7- The six periods of the
world's existence, ending with the seventh, taking
25,827 years to perform.

To recommence again : To begin another Great
Year and not to be swallowed up in Eternity when
time shall be no more. This time of reckoning was

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 87

carried from Egypt by the Stellar Mythos people
throughout the world, as witnessed by the Glyphs
on the Ruins at Copan and Palanque and in Peru
amongst the Aymaras.

That Sut or Set was first primary god of the
Egyptians, but was god of the South Pole, or
Southern Hemisphere, is amply proved and borne
out by the monuments as well as the Ritual. Set
or Sut, according to Plutarch, is the Egyptian name
of Typhon — i.e. Satan of the Christian Cult. On
the oldest monuments it has been almost invariably
chiselled out ; we find the names of kings who have
taken his name, in the same manner as we after-
wards-find the Horus name. And although the
legend of the conflict between Horus and Sut is as
old as the Fourth Dynasty at least, it is, however,
likewise a proof of Set's position having once been
very different. It is he whose sign is changed
for that of Osiris in the letters of the Father of
the Great Rameses, and two other kings of that
Dynasty ; it is the same god with his ordinary
monumental name, Nubi (in Nubian), who is pour-
ing out life and power over the King. His hiero-
graphic figure of a giraffe is the Nubian primary
god Set, or Sut, and with Anup added the trans-
lation is : "The Lord of the Southern Hemisphere,"
as witnessed in the temples and monuments of
Kamak and Medinet Habu. The first figure here
to remark is Horus (Amun-Khem) to whom the

88 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

King is sacrificing and doing homage, and Horus
is pouring out life and power over the King. The
fact that we find Sut here as one of the great Gods,
is a proof that he was considered and looked upon
at the earliest period of their mythology as at least
a brother to Horus, and that now Horus was
primary. The myth had shifted, or changed
places, the domain of Paradise from the South to
the North, and the great fight between Horus and
Sut had not yet come into being. There can be no
doubt that the primary part of the Mythos was first
evolved at the Lakes at the head of the Nile when
the Southern Pole Star was most predominant.
The different names of Set taken by Kings which
we find on the oldest monuments, some of which
have been obliterated and Horus and Osiris sub-
stituted, prove this, as well as the Pyramids and
the Ritual. On later monuments we find that the
great contest had been worked out in their myth-
ology, and his name is then found Apap (the
Great Giant, the Great Evil Serpent). In the
Book of the Ritual he is also called Baba — the
Beast (ch. xc. 17, 66, 67)— and the struggle of
Horus and Sut is mentioned in the Ritual (ch. viii.
17, 9, 25), "The day of battle between Horus
and Sut." Thus these old forefathers of ours had
first worked out their Paradise in the Southern
Hemisphere, and then as they came North, and a
general amalgamation of the attributes took place,

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 89

it was transferred to the Northern in the type of
Horus, Lord of the Northern Heavens. The
above, we think, will explain the reason of the
building of the "Southern Pyramid." It might
be of interest to know that there was only one
known inscribed stone in the Great Pyramid. It
was at the South. Mr. Don Covington discovered
this " let-in-stone," clearly incised in the dressed
surface. It was the full tenth part of an eighteen-
inch diameter circle ; it had been let into a south
flank casing stone at a place from which another
inscription had been chiselled out. This shows that
the Pyramid was built at the early part of the
Stellar Mythos with the hieroglyphic for the King
of the Southern Hemisphere, and when the change
took place to the Lunar and Solar this was erased
and the Lunar and Solar sign substituted.

The Pyramids were built during the Stellar
Mythos, when the old wise men of Egypt had
worked out the Astral Mythology, which was then
carried all over the world. This is witnessed by
the ancient remains, huge and magnificent buildings
once which flourished in a high state of civilization,
and critically proven by the similarity of the build-
ings, identical Signs and Symbols, and fragments
of ancient writings, Egyptian hieroglyphics, which
can only be deciphered now by the wisdom of old
Egypt. The exodus, which we may class under
the name of the early Turanians, occurred some

90 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

six hundred thousand years ago, probably much
more, because we have still the colossal wrecks of
wonderful empires which stand to-day, pitiful
monuments to the greatness of the builders and
the everlasting shame of the men who accomplished
their ruin.' The Titanic monuments of a forgotten
past found in Central and South America, and
some parts of Asia, like the African ruins of
Zimbabwi, the Great Pyramids, lead most men to
exclaim, " Who were these old builders? Whence
came they? By what lost art did they chisel
those perfect edges and angles? By what means
did they move these ponderous masses to such
perfect adjustment, a marvel of delicate and
beautiful workmanship? Overwhelming in their
grandeur are those scattered remains." It is only
by the origin and evolution of man that an
irrefutable answer can be given. They came from
Egypt, and their Temples and buildings can always
be identified. These Stellar people always built
iconographically. The Solar did not because the
gods and goddesses which had been represented
by Zootypes in the Stellar cult were now (in the
Solar) represented by the Human form. The
Stellar therefore were prehuman and the Solar
human depictions. They both built vdth Polygonal-
shaped stones and Monoliths, but the Stellar works

' The same thing is being enacted again to-day by the
German Huns.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 91

can always be identified by their Iconographic
forms.

The Pyramid is an artificial figure of the mount
as a means of the ascent to heaven. The Initiate,
placed at the bottom of the well, would see the
tubular shaft of the Great Pyramid represented the
way to heaven as it was imaged in Egyptian
thought. Resting at the foot he could scan not
merely the starry vast, but could fix his gaze in
death upon the heaven of spirits at the summit of
the mount, the Paradise of Peace, the enclosure
that was finally configurated in the circle of the
seven Pole Stars that crossed the passage pointing
northward, one by one, in the circuit of precession,
or the heaven of eternity. The Pole Star a
Draconis was not the only one that would cross
within range of that great tube. The Great Pyra-
mid was founded on the Egyptian astronomy, but
was not built to register the fact that a Draconis
was the fixed point and polar pivot of all the Stellar
motion during some 25,827 years in the vast circle
of precession. The ceilings of the chambers v/ere
sprinkled with stars to resemble the sky by night
(Maspero, " Dawn of Civilization "). Astronomi-
cal tables gave the aspect of the heavens, tenat by
tenat, throughout the year, so that the Initiates
" had but to lift their eyes " and see in what part
of the firmament the course lay night after night.
Thus he found his future destiny depicted thereon

92 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

and learned to understand the blessings of the
gods. The chief course was mapped out along the
river of the Milky Way, as is shown in the Ritual
by the boat of souls ascending to the Polar
Paradise. The Initiate (who has been placed in
the position of a mummy) now is risen up, and
he is set in motion, prays that he may go up
to Sekhet-Arru and arrive in Sekhet-Hetep. There
are three forms of the boat of souls, one in the
Stellar, one in the Lunar, and one in the Solar
representation, at three different stages of the
Mythos.

The Sun, Moon, and seven Stars are frequently
grouped together on the Assyrian monuments.
The Chinese call the Sun, Moon, and seven Stars
the nine Lights of Heaven. The same grouping
is observed in the nine Pyramids of the Mexicans
— one for the Sun, one for the Moon, and seven
small ones for the seven Stars. The three
Pyramids of Gizeh answer to those of the Sun,
Moon, and seven Stars elsewhere. The Great
Pyramid is in itself a sign of seven, comprising,
as it does, the Square and the Triangle in one
figure. Its name, Khuti, means also the Seven
Glorious Ones, as well as Light. It was designed
by the Har-seshu, or servants of Horus, who
were the seven Khuti in the Stellar Mythology ;
they had been the rulers in the celestial hepta-
nomes before they became the seven servants of

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 93

the Solar God. The seven periods of the Pole
Stars were also imaged by seven Eyes, in con-
sequence of an Eye being the figure of a cycle.
This type is presented in Joshua, in the book of
Zechariah, in the shape of seven eyes on one
stone ; " Behold the stone that I have laid before
Joshua ; upon one stone are seven Eyes." These
are the seven Eyes of the Lord ; also the seven
Lamps ; as in Revelation.

But to write the whole explanation and inter-
pretation even of these seven would form a book
of many pages. My object is more to draw atten-
tion to two books which will give, I think, all the
explanation and interpretation desired, viz. " The
Ritual of Ancient Egypt," published by the
Trustees of the British Museum, which gives a
facsimile of all the Papyri, as well as the text of
the same in hieroglyphics, or, if one cannot read
the Egyptian hieroglyphics, Sir Le Page Renouf's
translation. The other book is " Signs and
Symbols of Primordial Man."

In his second article Mr. F. E. Leith has fallen
into an error, important to correct, because it is
" The Ritual of Resurrection," or so-called " Book
of the Dead," to which I referred, and not to
Mr. Marsham Adams' book.

I do not intend to criticize Mr. Leith's vv^ritings,
because he has evidently spent a great deal
of time and study in trying to obtain the hidden

94 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

secrets of this Great Building, and his decipher-
ments, taken as a whole, are not far from correct,
and the errors contained therein are due to the
fact that he has not sufficiently studied " The
Ritual of Resurrection," the past history of the
world, and the origin and development of the
human race.

Another point is that he quotes Dr. Le Plongeon
as accepting the correctness of the " Book of
Dazan " for the explanation of the Pyramids and
Temples of the Maya. Now, Dr. Le Plongeon
and his wife, Alice Le Plongeon, stayed with me
as my guests for a considerable time during the
writing of his works, and moreover he asked me to
read all his manuscripts before they were published.
This I did, and pointed out to him that he had
not differentiated between the Stellar and Solar
Temples, and had not taken into account any of
the previous Totemic people — which he acknow-
ledged he did not understand. But no one that
I know, or ever heard of before, took him as an
authority upon the above subject, though it is an
actual fact that he lived amongst the Mayas for
some time and discovered several ancient remains.
His deductions were, nevertheless, quite erroneous.
In the first place, he did not know the Egyptian
language, or even Hindoo, or Zend ; and although
he tried to compare the Egyptian Hieroglyphic
Alphabet and Ideographs with the Maya, he could

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 95

not, and did not, read the Egyptian correctly.
He accomplished great work by discovering many
ruins of Temples, etc., and obtained photographs
of the same, and deciphered the Maya characters
thereon. There it ended.

Mr. Leigh quotes Herodotus, but Herodotus
only lived 484-424 B.C., and, moreover, was
ignorant of the Egyptian language, and had to
depend upon interpreters as to what was told him
by the Egyptian Priests. He, however, made an
important statement connected with the Pyramid,
and that was : " That Kufu {who was the sup-
posed builder of the Pyramid) lived and reigned
in Egypt during the Solar Mythos, but that Kufu
was not the builder.'" Now we know, for a fact,
that the recent discoveries at Abydos prove that
this cult (Solar) was at its zenith there twenty
thousand to thirty thousand years ago, and at Helio-
polis, before that, more than eighteen thousand
years before the time of Moses. Now as regards
the time, and who were the builders of the Pyramid,
we have a very definite fact by the greatest and
oldest Egyptian historian, Manetho, who was a
high priest and kept " The Records of Egypt."
His statement is that the Great Pyramid was built
at the end of the reign of " The Gods and the
Heroes " — that is, at the time when their Totemic
Sociology had arrived by evolution in the Stellar
Mythos — " and it was built by the followers of

96 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Horus." Moreover, he states that " the Gods and
Heroes " were not human, nor ever had been
human. The followers of Horus were the Stellar
Mythos people in the same sense as Christians
are the followers of Christ.

I have proved (and this proof has now been
accepted by the greatest anthropologists and ethno-
logists) that the human race sprang from Africa,
and not Asia. It was there in old Africa that
man began to develop his faculties and spread
all over the world, taking with him, at various
epochs, all the knowledge at the time of the exodus
with which he left. The first were the Pygmies,
with no Totemic ceremonies, but with a belief
in a Great Spirit and a Spiritual life hereafter,
and with a propitiation of elemental powers. The
second were the Nilotic Negroes, with Totemic
ceremonies, and a later exodus of these, when the
elemental powers became divinized. Then the
Stellar Mythos people, in at least two if not three
different stages of evolution. After these the Lunar
and then the Solar people, and finally the Christian
doctrine was evolved, and is now spreading and
replacing all previous cults.

But the Stellar Mythos people, whose cult lasted
three hundred thousand years at least, as witnessed
and proved by the Ritual, " They covered up my
eye after them with bushes (or hairy net) twice,
for ten periods " (a period being one Great Year,

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 97

25,827 years, or one revolution of the Little Bear
or precession of the Pole Stars), had reached the
highest stage of evolution eschatologically and
astronomically, which stage has never been sur-
passed ; they were the greatest of all. It was these
people who built the Great Pyramids in Egypt,
Central and South America, and other parts of the
world where we now find the remains, and had then
finally developed the whole of the present eschato-
logy. Mr. Leith is wrong in trying to bring a
Biblical proof for the whole of his contention.
It cannot be done as an exoteric rendering. Can
he or any one else bring forward any proof of
the history? No ; for there was no history as an
exoteric rendering. The oldest authorities that
we have, and all their writings which are extant,
prove this. And here let me state also that Mr.
Leith is absolutely wrong in attributing " The
Dazan " as the oldest book in the world. " The
Ritual of the Resurrection of the Egyptians " is
the oldest. But the Biblical wisdom, as an esoteric
rendering, or, rather, representation of the Ritual
of Ancient Egypt, is true, and all can be read and
understood. Geology, and the remains of skeletons
of the human found in various places, prove that
man has existed here on this earth at least one
million years. A skeleton of a man found in a coal
bed in America, and one found in Germany 87 feet
below the surface, the bed of which was formed by

8

98 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

running water, as well as the Sussex human found
in this country, is sufficient proof that Biblical
dates cannot be taken as correct.

The Great Pyramid was built during the Stellar
Mythos. In it is portrayed the whole architecture
of the heavens, courses and times of the heavenly
bodies, the seasons of the year, days of the year
and Great Year, time measurements and distance
of the sun and moon and their time of revolution,
as well as the Pole Stars. The whole of their
eschatology is there written for all those who can
read, and for a witness from all time since it was
built, when the man-god Horus was slain and rose
again as Amsu in spirit form, until all the world
will be re-united again under one divine brother-
hood.

I have written this in a broad sense, as I feel
it will be taken in a more fraternal spirit
than if I had taken each of the points put forward,
and disproved many by historical records of the
past. I think Mr. Leith's articles very interesting,
and most of his structural ideas regarding the
Pyramid are quite correct ; this I know from
personal visits. But for the rest — the authorities
he quotes neither knew the Egyptian language nor
the Zend, which was, and is that which followed
the Ancient Egyptian, not the hieroglyphic, the
oldest, but the hieratic. The Zend is the oldest
extant sacred writings in Asia, as the sacred books

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 99

exist amongst some of the priests in India and
elsewhere. Capt. Charles Serres, many years ago,
brought me back one of these " sacred Bibles "
from the Burmah priests ; it was written in the old
Zend on flattened pieces of bamboo, about two feet
long and three inches wide. The whole work is a
copy of some parts of the Ritual of Egypt some-
what perverted. I am of the same opinion as
Mr. Leith, that in future years — at the time of the
next glacial epoch — Egypt will be the centre of
civilization again, and all those lands and people
of the Sumarians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians,
Greeks, and Romans, which nations rose and fell
in the above order, will rise again and a fraternal
bond will unite them with their " old mother
home." But it will not be until these islands
are covered with glacial ice and snow, when
the whole Northern human race is driven South
again, as far as latitude 56 (as it had been many
times before). Then, after the glacial epoch has
passed away, the remains of the present humans,
and their works, will be rediscovered by a future
generation. What Great Masonic Temple will be
left to the world? The first and greatest of all—
The Great Pyramid of Egypt.

IV

THE DIVINE NAME

The Rev. Jacob E. V^arren, in an article on the
above subject, asks for the origin of the " Divine
Name " which the Hebrew text gives as Yhvh,
and what we can do to discover the lost treasure?
The answer is simple — study this question : Where
did the Hebrews obtain it from?

The origin of the divine name above is from the

Fig. i8. Fig. 19.

Egyptian Hu (Fig. 18) and lu (Fig. 19), one
of the names of Horus. This is the name " for
the word," although there is still another secret
name only known to a few which I am not per-
mitted to divulge ; but the meaning of the words
in each case is identical. The Hebrews obtained
all their knowledge from the Egyptians, and to

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 101

understand the Volume of the Sacred Law it must
be read as an esoteric representation, and not an
exoteric rendering. Most people do the latter,
which is terribly misleading for those who are igno-
rant of the ancient Egyptian wisdom. Hu = Iu,
signifies in Egyptian The Lord of the Heavens
and the Earth — ruler of the destiny of the world.
The original word was written Hu, then lu, lau,
lahe, as the son of Hu, which two were one.

In later times the letter I was changed into Y,
which students would do well to bear in mind in
trying to decipher names as written at the present
day. The letter Y did not exist until many
thousands of years after the letter I had been
formed. Another form for the name was Heru-
Khuti= Light of the World.

The Jews used the word I ah — Jehovah ;
Phoenicians, lao ; Hebrew, lah ; Assyrian, lau ;
Egyptian-gnostic, leou ; Polynesian, I ho -1 ho ;
Dyak, Yavuah or laouh ; Nicobar Islands, Eewu ;
Mexican, Ao ; Toda, Au ; Hungarian, lao ; Manx,
lee ; Cornish, lau ; Welsh, lau ; Chaldean, lao-
Heptaktes ; Greek, la and le. The Jews were
originally the followers of Aiu or lu or lau. The
worshippers of lao in Phoenicia, of lau in Assyria,
of lao in Syria, lau and Hu in Britain, la or lu
in Greece, Iho-Iho in Polynesia, lau in America,
were each and all of them " Jews," in a sense, but
the sense was religious, not originally ethnical. It

102 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

was part of the Solar doctrines or Eschatology of
the Egyptians. The Dyaks of Borneo did not
obtain their Yavaah from the Hebrew Jehovah,
but from the origin of both.

The change in Israel from the worship of El
Shaddai to the worship of Ihuh (^Hu or lu in
Egypt), from the Eloistic to the Jehovistic God,
corresponds to the change from the Stellar to the
Solar doctrines in the Eschatology of the Egyptians,
which can be seen and proved in the Volume of
the Sacred Law — in the book of i Chronicles xii.
5, in which we find that Baal-Jah, as divinity,
supplied a personal name. Thus the Baal is Jah,
who is one of the Baalim, the Primary or
Superior one of the seven Stellar attributes. The
one God in Israel was made known to Moses by
the two names of Ihuh and lah. In the Egyptian
the one God in the earliest Solar form was Turn —
(the earliest form of Atum-Ra) — he was Huhi,
the eternal, in the character of God the Father,
and lu or Tern, in the character of God the Son,
which two were one.

Gesenius derives the name Ihuh, or later Yhuh,
from the root Huh, which root does not exist in
Hebrew, but it does exist in Egyptian. Huh or
Heh signifies ever, everlastingness, eternity, the
eternal, and was one of the titles associated or
names of Horus. The names changed from Turn,
Ptah, Atum-Ra, Osiris, as Neb-Hui, the Ever-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 103

lasting Lord, or Superior One ; Self-existing and
Eternal God, which each of the above represented
in turn, as one divine dynasty succeeded another
in the Egyptian Religion.

Moreover, Bela Baal was El Shaddai of the
Phoenicians, or was another name for him, and
when they changed from the Stellar (represented
by Sut-Anup) to Horus he was no longer to be
considered the one God (see Exodus xxxiv. 13).
" Thou shalt call me Ishi, and shalt call me no
more Baali " (Hosea ii. i 6), and therefore to have
the Hebrew character of El Shaddai (or Phoenician
rather) as the Father, and Hu — lu, lau, Ishi, Ihu,
etc., as his Son, as is represented on our Cross of
the 18°, is quite wrong ; it has no meaning, and
no explanation could be given that would be correct
with the Hebrew characters on the symbol as it is
now ; but if these were changed to the Egyptian
(Fig. 18), or the equivalent, it would be correct,
would correspond, and have the same meaning
as Yhuh.

El Shaddai was not " a form of Father " to Hu
or lu in any way. He was the Primary God
situated at the Southern Pole, or hemisphere, for
upwards of fifty-one thousand years, and then he
was deposed in favour of Horus, the God of the
Northern Horizon. This is proved by the two
Great Pyramids of Ghizeh, one built for Sut and
the other for Horus ; their names are inscribed

104 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

thereon ; it is clearly mentioned several times in
the Egyptian Ritual. All the attributes hitherto
associated with Set of the South were appropriated
and given to Horus of the North, and this Cult
lasted at least three hundred thousand years.

This Deity as the God of Israel was Jashal-El ;
the God of Jashar-Ieshurun or Baali ; and the
other forms of the name, El-EIoun, Edoni
(Phoenician) at first, then changing, with the
changing of the Stellar to the Solar Cult or
Eschatology of Egypt. This gives the answer to
the question.

The jealousies of the different sects of Chris-
tianity have led to a display of bitterness and
hatred which have been the means of aUenating
thousands who beUeve that brotherly love and
charity should be the principles of Christianity.
Yet all these various denominations work under the
banner of Christianity. The Church must obliterate
its schisms, and if the Brotherhood of Freemasonry
helps it to do so, then well indeed will it be. One
looks back with horror to the days not long passed
when men were burnt and tortured to the honour
and glory of God under the name of Christianity.
The Church must get rid and free itself from its
despotism, its lack of that great virtue. Charity,
and its badly-concealed hatred of all who have
differed from its dogmas.

Until this has been really accomplished it will

THE ARGANA OF FREEMASONRY 105

be quite vain to expect churches to imitate the
examples of our Lodges and " be penetrated
through and through " with our great principles.
Amongst the Ancient World the principles and
tenets of our Brotherhood, the highest principles
of Morality, Charity, Truth, and Justice, were prac-
tised by all, over three hundred thousand years
ago, and such perfection was reached that our
old Brothers would blush with shame to see us
at the present time.

I7I7— I9I7

THE SECOND CENTURY OF MODERN
MASONRY !

It is a great pity we have so few sti ^ents in
Freemasonry who take an interest in i e real
history of our Brotherhood ; and still more to
be deplored that there is no encouragement for
those that do ; but if Masons would only search
and read the records of the past they would never
have fallen into the error and published the theory
that we were once operative masons: and when
I read in The Freemason, July 22, 191 1, "The
celebration in 1 9 1 7 of the two-hundredth anni-
versary of Speculative Masonry which succeeded
operative masonry in 17 17," it pained me to feel
that this want of knowledge throughout the
Universal Masonic Fraternity is one of the causes
why some have wandered from the Cradle of their
Home.

No doubt this idea was taken from Krause, who

has endeavoured to prove that Masonry origi-

106

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 107

nated in the associations of operative masons
that in the Middle Ages travelled through Europe.
At best these " operatives " could only be carriers,
or a connecting link of the Middle Ages and the
Mysteries of the Ancient Egyptians. Likewise
w^ere the Greeks, who obtained their knowledge
partly through the Pelasgians and Samothracia,
and partly through a few of the best-informed
Greeks, who went to Egypt and were initiated there
into the lesser Mysteries by the Egyptian Priests.

Mr. Harold Bayley, in his "A New Light on
the Renaissance," has shown and proved, by the
various groups of signs and symbols which he has
brought together, how, after the downfall of the
Egyptian Empire, these sacred Egyptian signs and
symbols were in one way brought on by the early
Christians, and shown how some were converted
into our present ones, and how a remnant of these
men who possessed and clung to the true doctrines
survived, and what they had to endure from the
bigoted and ignorant early Roman Priests, who,
ignorant of the true Eschatology, tried to, and did
to a great extent for some time, usurp the temporal
power by destroying the spiritual ideas ; however,
evolution has always, and still continues, its course
to a higher standard. But we do not need even
" these carriers " in England for the origin of our
Brotherhood here.

It is impossible to say if it took the form of

108 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

" Craft Masonry " first in England or Scotland.
The word Freemason is met with in MS. as far
back as a.d. 1376. The oldest Lodge record is
that of the Aitcheson Lodge, date 1598 ; that is
one year older than No. i Lodge of Edinburgh,
1599.

The Druids were first persecuted and driven
to secret meetings in England, as may be seen
from Canute's edict ; but that is immaterial, and
I only mention it because the Sitch people
claim to be " the oldest Masons." Ce ainly some
of the " carriers " came to Scotlai.d, as is
proved by research, but it is questionable if they
brought over any fresh or newer developments
in the Egyptian Eschatology — this they already
found here. Bro. Gould, to whom we are much
indebted for the beautiful work he has given to
the Brotherhood, dealing with the modern and
historic aspect of Freemasonry from a later date,
I beUeve differs somewhat in his views from mine,
but I have not the slightest doubt, if he could read
the old dead and primary written languages, he
would modify his opinion.

If Masonry has not its origin in the Sacred
Mysteries of the Ancient Egyptians, how could
these rites and ceremonies, signs and symbols, have
found their way into it? These sacred mysteries
were the same amongst the Priests of the Mayas
in Central America and Peru in South America.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 109

The passwords for the various degrees are the
same, or have the same meaning ; the signs and
symbols are the same ; and the Rituals are
identical ; which can be proved by any Brother
who will take the trouble to learn to read the
old hieroglyphic languages. I shall be glad, for
the sake of the Brotherhood generally, when the
intellectual aspects of Masonry have advanced many
degrees beyond what they are now ; but this will,
and can only, be done by persistent individual
labour and effort, for the good of the Brother-
hood generally, with no reward except the grati-
tude we shall receive from our children's children
when our spirit has Joined the Grand Lodge Above.

VI

SOME SUBJECTS SUGGESTED FOR
STUDY

A Lecture delivered before the Essex Masters' Lodge, No. 3256, at
the Great Eastern Hotel, London, E.C., on the 1st April, 1912.

For the last twenty years it has been one of
my objects in life to give Brothers information
and to assist in advancing Freemasonry to that
position it occupied at least three hundred thousand
years ago — and towards which we are now fast
approaching. It was difficult for me to choose
which particular subject would be most interesting
to you, and I took my key from your Wi.M.'s
letter saying that " you did not initiate," and
therefore presumed you were students of Free-
masonry.

Recent history has been so ably debated and
written upon by many other students of Free-
masonry that they have practically exhausted the
subject. At this stage it is as if the students
stood on the edge of the sea— let us say at Dover :
some would stand wondering what was on the

/

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY HI

opposite side of the water, wishing to cross and
see, but, having no boats and being unable to
swim, would be brought to a standstill ; others
would say that there was nothing across the water,
while yet again some few, having caught sight
of the white cliffs of France, would feel certain
that there must be a great land there, but lack
the key which would transport them thither. It
is the same with Freemasonry, the Recent History
being separated from the mysteries of the past
by a gulf. How, then, is one to unlock these
mysteries?

By one way only, and that is to learn to read the
old Hieroglyphic writings of Egypt, and the Glyphs
of the old Stellar Mythos people (or a translation),
who worked out the whole of the Eschatology and
left records of the same written in stone and on
Papyri — in Signs and Symbols and in Sign
Language, and if you do not read these you can
never obtain that which many of you are striving
to understand. From the downfall of the old
Egyptian Empire, five thousand years ago, or more,
up to the last few hundred years, we have passed
through a dark and degenerate age. Then our
altars were thrown down, our Brotherhood scattered
over the face of the earth, and some of our
secrets were lost to many. But there were
remnants of the Brotherhood who went forth from
Egypt into various parts of the world, carrying

112 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

the true doctrines and secrets with them, some
one part, some another.

Also there were the Druids, the old High Priests
of Egypt, the Solar Mythos people, i.e. those who
reckoned time by the Sun's revolutions, who were
initiated up to the ;^^°, practising all their rites and
ceremonies in France, in Central America, and in
these islands, until the edict of Canute scattered
them here, and forced them to meet in secret places
— on the highest hill, or in the lowest vale, or
any other secret place, the better to guard against
cowans and enemies. Also in America their altars
were thrown down, their Blazing Star was eclipsed.
All was given over to fire and sword. The remains
of their greatness still exist, to the everlasting
shame of their destroyers. But if you look for
any regular written history of the Order, you will
not find it. There are no records left to us —
but you may take it that from that time the so-
called Lodges in England and Scotland were
formed by a scattered few, who, to avoid the
terrors of the law, and to keep their religious
rites and ceremonies pure and unsullied, as they
had received them from the parent source — old
Egypt — met in secret places and had resort to
private meetings. This, therefore, was one original
source. There were no records left, in these
islands, any more than there will be after another
twenty thousand years have passed, or less.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 113

The Glacial Epoch occurs once in every 25,827
years, during part of which period the whole of the
Northern Hemisphere is frozen and covered with
ice and snow, down as far as the latitude of the
south of France. This great City of London and
others will be ground to pieces and buried under-
neath the Great Ice Sheet ; everything will be
destroyed, as it has been many times ; only remains
will be re-discovered by our future Brothers when
they come North again, and who shall say how
much or how little evidence will they then find
of. our present institutions and teachings?

As regards the Roman College of Artificers,
Krause, in his work, endeavoured to prove that
Masonry originated in the associations of operative
Masons. These associations may have sprung from
the building corporations of the Romans. The
initiates of the Architectural Colleges of the
Romans did not, however, call themselves
" Brothers " ; they were styled Collega or
Incorporatus. The Colleges held " Lodges "
wherever they established themselves, had signs,
symbols, tokens, and passwords, which they had
learned and received from the Chaldean magicians,
who flocked to Rome at the beginning of the
Christian era. These Chaldean priests, neverthe-
less, were of inferior order, who were initiated
into part of the lesser mysteries of the Egyptians
only, so that at best these could only be carriers,

9

114 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

or a connecting link in the Middle Ages with the
Mysteries of the Ancients.

The " working or operative Masons " — and
there are still many of these in existence — ^who
use some of the primary signs and symbols of
which we, as so-called " Speculative Masons," have
substituted the modern forms, have a tradition that
they came from the Turanians. Well, that is quite
right and true. Some of the signs and symbols
which they use are of a different form from ours,
but the esoteric representation of each is the same
— as, for instance, the Swastika (Tau and Cross),
the meaning and explanation of which are all
identical. These are innovations obtained from
the Solar Cult people, and speaking truly did not
belong originally to the operative. But they also
say that the Egyptians came from the Turanians
— which is quite wrong. These Chaldean magicians
were Turanians, old Stellar Mythos people, who
originally came out of or left Egypt at the end of
their Totemic Sociology ; remnants of them are
still found in various parts of the world, which
they spread over, except Australia, Tasmania,
Oceania, and extreme parts of South America.
You will find positive proof of Egypt being the
" home of man," from which all have taken their
origin, in my " Origin and Evolution of Primitive
Man."

By Stellar Mythos people I mean those who first

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 115

reckoned and kept time, and they did so by the
observation of the Precession of the Pole Stars —
Ursa Minor, or the Little Bear. They did not
reckon by the year, except the one great year of
25,827 years ; this they divided into periods, a
period being roughly three thousand years — i.e.
the changing of the Pole Star. This Stellar
period lasted over three hundred thousand years ;
after which time was reckoned by the moon's revo-
lutions, that was Lunar Mythos, and after that it
was Solar, time being reckoned by the sun's
revolutions, etc.

These Turanians had the Lesser Mysteries —
the seven Prima -y Mysteries, and were astro -
mythological.

The Greater Mysteries were ten in number, and
were Eschatological and founded on the Mystery
of the Cross. This Mystery was the Great
Mystery of Amenta, evolved at the foundation of
the Solar Cult, over thirty thousand years ago.
In the Solar Cult the two Poles I. 1. North and
South were converted into -|- in Amenta. Hence
the reason that the Operative Masons and we
Speculative Masons have only the Lesser Mysteries,
up to the end of the seven, while in the so-called
" Higher Degrees " they have some parts of the
ten Greater Mysteries, and founded on the Cross
established in Amenta. Our primary Seven
Degrees (so called) date back to the early

116 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Stellar- Astro -Mythology, whilst the " Higher De-
grees " are Eschatological and date back to the
commencement of the Solar Cult only.

Then as far as our Sacred Volume is concerned,
you must remember that not until Luther's time
did we have, speaking generally, any of these
exoteric writings to study, except a few extracts
given out by the Roman priests, and even then
the esoteric representations were not known, and
it is only during the last few hundred years that
we have kept written records of anything.

One might say that for five thousand years there
was no literature left us that we could read and
properly understand. The Greeks, who have been
much over-estimated, never understood the Escha-
tology, and, in their ignorance, perverted all that
had been told them ; and so it was not until a
few years ago that the discovery was made which
gave us the key to read the writings and to find
the true history of the past. The finding of various
Papyri with sacred writings, which we can now
read, proves what all our forms and cerem.onies
meant, and from whence they came.

Here written on Papyri, on stones, and even on
the Great Pyramid itself, is our Ritual, with all
passwords, signs and symbols, and the meaning
of the same, and I, having discovered the key to
read the Central American Glyphs, which I have
now given to the rest of the world, found that

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 117

these writings and their Eschatology were copies
of the Egyptian originals.

Freemasonry, taken as a whole, i.e. in all its
degrees from first to thirty-third, is the Ritual of
Ancient Egypt, or their Eschatology, i.e. the
doctrine of final things, performed dramatically
and symbolically, the more to impress it upon
the initiates.

There are written records left in this old
language, which I have read, and brought forward
in my books, proving that this doctrine was extant
and perfect, at least as long as three hundred
thousand years ago. It teaches you the life you
should lead here on earth to gain everlasting hap-
piness. It portrays all the dangers and difficulties
the Corpus has to pass through in this life, and
the Manes in the next, to gain that glorious here-
after we are all striving to obtain.

Our present Ritual, Lodges, Passwords, etc., are
not all identically the same as of old ; we have
reconstructed at various times the secrets and parts
of the Ritual as we have found them, and therefore
there are necessarily innovations from the first to
the thirty-third. Our MM. Lodge is not correct
in detail, but our R.A. Chapter is perfectly
correct, and is a true copy of the Ancient Lodges,
or Temples, of which we find the remnants, dating
three hundred thousand years back, i.e. as nearly
as possible considering time and evolution. The

118 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

1 8° Lodge is another that is nearly perfect, and
was part of, or an attachment to, the first Temple
or Lodge, their Temples consisting of three
different rooms, or buildings, attached to one
another and connected by doors and passages.

The three cubes, each one surmounting the other,
formed one central pedestal, on top of which rested
a circle of gold and a triangle — at the corners of
this triangle were the names, in symbols, of the
three names on the treble cube — namely, Horus,
Set, and Shu, the first and Primary Trinity, and
the three Grand Originals. Horus was typified
and portrayed as the God of the North, Set as
God of the South, and Shu as God of the Equinox.
The triangle was sacred on account of its repre-
senting Heaven. The Primary Triangle originally
represented Set, but when Horus took the place and
attributes of Set, he became God of the Celestial
North. Their two symbols were afterwards blended
as Fig. 23. This form >vas sometimes doubled, as
Fig. 20, and was then the most sacred sign amongst
the old Brotherhood ; an ideograph
represented their " Khui Land," or

" The Land of the Spirits," and we
Fig. 20. . f '

find it portrayed as such all over the

world, where the old Brothers had lived. This

was, in Primary form, surrounded by four serpents

or Uraei, as guardians of the same (Fig. 21) ;

later it was three Triangles, doubled as above.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 119

surrounded with concentric circles (Fig. 22). We
have it, as you know, surrounded with one circle.
I have in my possession what I believe to be the
oldest Scarab in the world with this sign on it,
at one time the jewel of the High Priest. It
represents the two Triangles guarded by four
Uraei in front of the Scarab, and on the back an
Island in a Lake, the most sacred sign that ever
existed in our Brotherhood, and must date back
to the time of the High Priest of the seventeenth
nome of Upper Egypt at the time of Totemic

Fig. 21.

0 0 0

0 0 0

Fig. 22.

Fig. 23.

Sociology. Because the " Khui Land " was " the
Land of the Spirits," i.e. Heaven, and was de-
picted as situated at the Pole Star North, i.e. this
Northern Land Paradise, surrounded by the waters
of space, and they portrayed and represented the
terrestrial by building a sacred temple on an island
in a lake. Hence the reason we find the two
ideographs together, as in Fig. 23, one repre-
senting the Celestial and the other the Terrestrial.
You may ask, why two triangles? It represents
symbolically — or is an ideograph of — Heaven in

120 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

two divisions, North and South, which was the
primary heaven, being afterwards again divided
into East and West, giving us the four quarters.

I do not know the password for the Grand
Masters in England, but I do know the original
sacred password of Old Egypt's Highest Priests.
This word, which is given with and accompanies the
above symbol, must only be communicated to, or
spoken between, two Grand Masters, and never
given to any one below that rank ; and I shall
be pleased to restore the genuine sign, symbol,
and passwords to any two Grand Masters if they so
desire.

You will observe these are the two Triangles of
Set and Horus.

The upper one, or North, is an ideograph for
Horus.

The lower one, or South, that for Set.

The Heavens were first divided into two
divisions. North and South, at the time of their
Totemic Sociology — before the Stellar Cult — at the
very earliest time of their Astro-Mythology.

The old Egyptians' custom was this : As they
mapped out the Heavens Celestially, so they de-
picted the same Terrestrially in old Egypt. The
North and South Pole Stars portrayed in the
earliest form was by two Poles or two Columns,
and this was an earlier phase than by the triangle.
Amongst the Totemic people of the present day it

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 121

is still used in their sacred ceremonies. One pole
or column is placed North, and is called
Nurtunga, the other is placed South, and its
name is Warringa. As evolution took place and
Temples were built, these two columns were
brought on and placed at the entrance of all their
Temples, in whatever land they erected a Temple.
Their names all through the Stellar and Solar
Mythos were " Horus and Set," and represented
symbolically the God of the North and the God
of the South. You will find proof of this in
several chapters of the Ritual.

As evolution still progressed and when they had
perfected their Eschatology, the two columns still
continued to be placed at the entrance of their
Temples, only their names were changed to Tatt
and Tattu, and all Temples throughout the world
had these down to the time of the commencement
of the Christian cult. As you know, at the
entrance of our Temples we have the two columns ;
J and B are the names we use, but remember the
oldest names were Nurtunga and Warringa, and
that the later names, Tatt, which, in Egyptian,
means " In strength," and Tattu, which means, in
Egyptian, " To establish," denoting in Egyptian
the place of establishing for ever, were those from
which we copied them. So we learn how they
brought on and made use of the earliest originals,
and these have been handed down and made use

122 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

of from generation to generation to the present
time ; the names changing, but not the esoteric
symbolism.

The originals on the top of the two columns
(see Fig. 15) were four lines, or cross sticks, i.e.
heaven and earth, as a square, represented at the
present day by the celestial and terrestrial globes.
The Egyptians at this period, not understanding
perspective, could only draw on the flat, and so
had to represent the ideas and beliefs as shown.
Later, they knew that the Earth was not square,
nor yet flat, but its true form.

The Brothers were not called Freemasons then,
but the operatives were called Craftsmen and Com-
panions, as witnessed in Ritual, Ch. Ixxx. The
term Companion dates back as far as Totemic
Sociology, over three hundred thousand years ago.
The Priests of these were the first originals of
our Brotherhood. The Companions in Egypt were
a special and privileged body of Brothers who
occupied the seventeenth nome of Upper Egypt,
and these — and these alone — had certain special
duties to perform connected with the Temples. The
Chief of the Nome was the Head or High Priest,
and he was the first original of our Grand Master.
The Egyptian title was Ura-herp-Kem ; later a
higher degree was formed, when his title was
" The Most Illustrious," which means Master of
Masters (Ritual, Ch. xiv.). I note for your atten-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 123

tion the Chapters in the Ritual where can ,be
found the origin and explanation for :

The desire for light Ch. 9.

First Penal Sign Ch. 90.

Heart torn out by fingers... Ch. 27 & 28.
Body burnt to ashes, etc — Ch. 86.
Given bread to the hungry Ch. 125.
Left foot first — the Papyrus of Nesi-Amsu.

These Sacred Mysteries were the same amongst
the priests of the Mayas, and in Central and
South America, the Druids, and the priests of
Egypt, and the same as we practise. The simi-
larity of the rites practised in the initiation and
other ceremonies, the identity of the signs, symbols,
and tokens, proves that all these had been com-
municated from one to another, from one centre
of origin. Only in Old Egypt can we find that
origin ; it is all there.

And although in the so-called Higher Degrees
we have professedly Christian doctrines, yet any
Brother who will look at the reproduction (Fig. i )
- 1 have given of a picture, taken from an old Stellar
Mythos Temple, will see how little different is
the innovation at the present day. The so-called
Christian Cult which is the supposed latest in evolu-
tion is, in fact, the oldest. What I mean by
this is that the whole of the Christian doctrines
were the same as the original Stellar if you give

124 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

it the esoteric rendering. The same tale of the
Son of God coming on earth, being crucified, and
rising again is at least a million years old, and
all the different cults are one and the same
rendered esoterically. The dates of the V.S.L.
are wrong, but the tale is true.

If you wish to make progress as students of
Freemasonry you cannot ignore the history of the
evolution of the human race. It is only by learn-
ing this that you can gain that light which some,
I know, are striving to obtain. If you ignore
the history of the past you will still remain at the
seashore at Dover looking across the water, but
you will find other Brothers, in other countries,
racing across in steam-launches, or monoplanes, to
be the first to unite the broken ends of that cable-
tow which parted at the downfall of the old
Egyptian Empire. These ends are in your hands,
and in studying Freemasonry you must also study
the origin and evolution of the human race. The
one is blended and evolved with the other, and
except you take the two together you will never
obtain the true gnosis.

There are many Freemasons who will scorn
these words, but they will do so from ignorance.
In fifty years' time these truths will be acknow-
ledged as facts, because some of you will con-
tinue your studies, and will learn to read the
history of the past as I have, and it is only by

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 125

doing so that you can arrive at the Truth, the
Way, and the Light,

To those who are interested let me refer them
to " Signs and Symbols of Primordial Man " and
" The Origin and Evolution of Primitive Man,"
two works I have written for my Brother Masons
throughout the world, as well as many other
articles in Masonic journals, which will give you
more information on this subject, and guide you
into the true road of knowledge. I have written
them not for myself, but for Brothers throughout
the world, so that they may learn to know what
Freemasonry is — the origin, the truth, the real
meaning of it. It will elevate you then, for each
sicp which brings us back to our original is a
step of evolution towards the natural laws which
the Divine Creator has made. And so long as
we are true to our tenets and doctrines, believing
in the immutable laws of T.G.G. of the U., and
ever acknowledge Him as the Divine Creator
of aU things, so long shall we continue to flourish.
We shall not have our altars thrown down again
and be scattered over the face of the earth, as
the Egyptians were on account of their falling
away from the true doctrines, as the records of the
past prove. 'ill

Evolution will not cease ; if one country degene-
rates and falls away, another country will arise
and go forward as a higher type. And so with

126 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

our Brotherhood, which is now approaching a
higher type of evolution rapidly, and will continue
to progress in a purer form. A higher, nobler,
and more exalted conception will take the place
of Freemasonry that was here fifty years ago. If
this country is broken up, and degeneration ensues,
or is absorbed into another nation, as others have
been before it, our Brotherhood will not fall with
it. It will be as it was once before — the Universal
religion and Brotherhood of the world. Therefore
ever continue to seek after until you find the true
knowledge of the past, that will give you know-
ledge for the future, and enable you to exemplify,
by your every action, word, and thought, the most
exalted tenets of our Brotherhood, and by so doing,
and relying on the promises of the Most High,
the one Divine Creator of all things, we shall meet
again in that Grand Lodge above, where the reward
is Everlasting Life and Happiness.

VII

ORIGINS OF FREEMASONRY

A Lecture delivered before the Dorset Masters Lodge No. 3366, at
the Masonic Hall, Dorchester, on the 12th June, 1912.

As a Masonic student who has studied the history
of the past ages more than, I believe, any other
Mason living, I felt it would not only be a pleasure
but a duty to try and assist in that great work for
which this Lodge was founded. The difficulty on
such an occasion as this is in selecting that subject,
or subjects, which would be the most interesting
and instructive, and as there are so many
Brothers who write and lecture on the modern
aspect of Freemasonry, I have thought it wiser
to try and give a little more light upon the history
of the past, so that you may be able to penetrate
through that gloom of the darker ages, and l)e
better enabled to appreciate what Freemasonry
really is, in all its symbolisms, and to understand
some of the workings of the Divine Creator's laws
of evolution, and how we Freemasons are the

128 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

privileged few who possess the originals in their
true forms.

The first question, then, is : What is Free-
masonry?

and. From whence did we derive our Signs,
Symbols, and Rituals?

3rd. What was the original meaning of our
present interpretation and substituted
difference?

Freemasonry in all its degrees, from the first to
the thirty-third, is the old Eschatology of the
Egyptians — or the doctrine of final things. We
are divided at the present time into two classes
— I might say three, if I include the " Operative
Brothers." One class comprises the Master Mason,
Mark Mason, and R.A.C., working the seven
degrees of the old Stellar Mythos people, called
the Lesser Mysteries — the seven mysteries worked
out during the time they perfected their Astro-
Mythology.

The second class, known as the higher degrees,
under the Supreme Council, have part of, and
work part of, the ten degrees of the Solar
Mythos people — namely, the ten Greater Mysteries.
To-day 1 am not entering upon any explanation
of the latter ; they are not within the juris-
diction of this Lodge, and would probably only
be of interest to some few of you. They are only

/

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 129

an evolution of the former — i.e. as man advanced
up the scale to a higher type, anatomically and
physiologically, so his mental conception evolved
a higher ideal of those sublime tenets which we
are taught, and should practise.

Many students of Freemasonry at the present
day have no doubt that all our Signs, Symbols,
and Rituals have been handed down to us from
generation to generation from the remotest past,
but from whence they originated, and how it is
that we are the greatest Brotherhood in the whole
world — ever increasing in force, strength, and
numbers, knit together in one bond — is a question
that students ponder, and to which many are
striving to obtain an insight. The casual Brother
does not trouble his head about these things ; the
majority look upon Freemasonry merely as a sort
of Brotherhood for social intercourse and charity.
Up to a certain point their views are correct ; our
gatherings at the Lodges, and the social functions
that follow after, tend to increase a fraternal feel-
ing and goodfellowship one to the other. This is
rightly so, and it is strengthened by the beautiful
tenets and rituals which are taught and have been
witnessed many times. As a charity it is certainly
the greatest in the world, and we Freemasons are
justly proud that it is, because each one gives
according to his means, knowing that his gift is
gratefully received and faithfully applied to the

10

■4^ ' vv

r> If

130 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

good causes which come within the length of
our C.T.

But there is a higher view. Freemasonry means
much more than this. In Freemasonry we have
many mysteries, handed down to us from remote
ages, of a glorious past, a knowledge of which
many are striving to obtain. This knowledge can
be obtained only in one way, and that is by
mastering the old writings of the Egyptians and
glyphs of the Stellar Mythos people, or a transla-
tion ; to obtain information of the evolution of man
in all its phases, and to learn the history of the
past, because by that, and that alone, can the
origin and meaning of all that is attached to the
term " Brotherhood of Freemasonry " be found.

But you must learn these; and not from
ignorance, from the want of this knowledge, draw
conclusions, make guesses, and theories, of what
these ideographs, signs, and symbols are, as many
writers on Freemasonry in the past and present
have done — for instance, Bro. Armitage considers
that the symbols found in ancient buildings were
used by the building traders only ; in other
words, by the Operative Masons. That is quite
wrong, and this theory could only have arisen in
the minds of those unable to read Sign Language.
Bro. Gould has fallen into the same error.

The Mexican and Central American Glyphs
and the Egyptian ideographic Signs and Symbols

i

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 131

have the same interpretation, and, as I have often
proved, all these are part of the Eschatology of the
old Egyptians, and have nothing to do with the
" Operative Masons," or Operative Masons'
Marks, except indirectly. The Operative Mason
came into being at the time of building the
Temples on their Astro-Mythological foundation.
These Operative Masons were initiated into some
of the mysteries of the first and second degrees
only, and were never advanced further in the old
seven mysteries ; therefore you must not make the
mistake about them that a great many have done,
and still do, because they cannot read and under-
stand Ancient Writings.

These are not Freemasons with the Ritual of old
Egypt, with all their Eschatology, but were the
builders of the Pyramids and Temples for the old
High Priests, certainly three hundred thousand
years ago or more. The Priests of our cult, who
were the learned men at that time, initiated a cer-
tain class of men into part of the first and second
degrees, because the Great Pyramid and other
Temples had to be built, and the secrets of these
buildings kept. These men came from the seven-
teenth Nome of Upper Egypt, and were de-
scendants of the Madi, Nilotic Negroes. They
were selected to be special attendants to the
Temples, and were builders, etc., styled Com-
panions and Craftsmen, in Egyptian. They always

132 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

kept the secrets, and have ever done so, and I
doubt very much if any Masons at the present
day could erect such buildings as those old
Turanians did.

This, I trust, will explain the dififerences between
the Operative and Speculative Masons, and
although many writers have mixed these up, the
old Theopneustics of Egypt never did. There
could be no such mixture there — they knew — the
origin of the two being as I have stated. The
proof of this can be found in the Ritual.

Our Brotherhood is the outcome of the evolution
of religious ideas from the time of primitive man,
who first adopted a sacred sign and symbol, pro-
pitiated the elementary powers, and believed in a
Great Spirit, up to the period of the final working
out and perfecting of the Eschatology (or doctrine
of final things) of the Ancient Egyptians at their
zenith of power. Obviously, however, much of the
original must have been lost. We have substi-
tuted our present innovations for that which we
have lost— for instance, the genuine secrets of a
M.M., which were the secrets of the underworld
in the Stellar Mythos, and of Amenta in the Solar
Cult. The one, however, was only an evolution
of the other.

The reason that we travel from East to West in
search of that which is lost is that when Osiris
lost his life by the machinations of Sut, like all

ii

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 133

Manes he travelled from East to West to enter
Amenta, and in the Stellar Cult travelled in the
underworld.

Then in Amenta, after passing through diffi-
culties, dangers, and darkness in the Tuat, his
Manes was regenerated or raised again as Amsu-
Horus, or Horus in Spirit, and he came forth from
Amenta after entering the West to the Glorious
Mount of the East again as a raised Manes or
Glorified Spirit, and although this was Solar
Cult, Ancient records prove that it was brought
on from the Stellar. It is identical with the
death of Horus I. and his rising again as Amsu
in spirit form.

This was the origin of that part of the Ritual,
for which we have substituted the name of H.A.,
who was not killed, but lived to a very old age.
Proofs of this may be found in the V.S.L.,
Josephus, and others. (2 Chron. iv. 11 : "And
Hiram finished the work that he was to make for
King Solomon for the house of God." Josephus :
"He lived at Tyre long afterwards.")

I sis and Nephthys tried first to raise him, but it
proved a failure ; then Anubis raised him, as at
present carried out. It was not the body Corpus
that was raised, but the Spiritual body, or Sahu,
that was raised up out of the dead matter Corpus.
He returned to the East with all the secrets of
Amenta. That is the true and original answer to

134 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

the question of What is that which was lost?
The secrets of Amenta, or the underworld, were
the genuine secrets of a M.M.

The genuine password for a Master of the Lodge
in Egypt is " Maat Heru," one whose voice must
be obeyed. Here it was, in Amenta, that the Tatt
Cross was thrown down ; here it was that the veil
of the Temple was rent asunder, and the Cubic
Stone poured forth blood and water, and all was
reborn. Here he was shown all the signs, given
and taught those passwords, or words of power
and might that kept evil and powers of darkness
away, and enabled him to pass through the under-
world and be raised to the glorious resurrection in
Spirit form. The Egyptian religion, which was
universal throughout the world at one time, was
founded on the raising again of the human soul
emerging alive from the body of dead matter.
The Corpus could not, and never did, come back,
or make its appearance again in any form, but
the spirit that arose from this was seen by Seers.

Religion proper commences with, and must
include, the idea or desire for another life. This
belief in another life is founded on the resurrec-
tion of the Spirit. The belief in the resurrection
of the Spirit was founded upon the faculties
of abnormal Seership.

So we have that beautiful ceremony in the M.M.
degree symbolical of this part of the Egyptian

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 135

Eschatology, as witnessed by the Ritual, and
which the old Priests of Egypt worked in a much
more beautiful and extended ceremony than we
do. It was, in fact, the working of the M.M.
and the 18" combined. It was the teaching,
symbolically, of the life you should lead in this
world and all you have to pass through in the
next to obtain that promised life eternal.

These were all acted symbolically and dramatic-
ally, the more to impress it upon the Brothers,
and the Signs and Symbols were brought on
from the beginning. This was the secret Sign
Language known to the Priests only. In some
cases these have been changed as evolution pro-
gressed, but the decipherment of these ideographs
proves that the interpretations are analogous ; and
although we do not profess any religious doctrines
in Freemasonry, yet it is the highest form of
religion conceivable in the human intellect. You
must please understand that " Amenta " was
simply an " ideograph " to teach the Mysteries,
and not believed to be a real passage through
the Earth.

It is non-sectarian, and at the present day we
have Brothers of all creeds meeting together in our
Temples, without a particle of feeling of anything
but that of Brotherhood, And why? Because
Freemasonry was founded upon the religion of the
ancient Egyptians, which was universal. Founded

136 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

in the belief of the One Great Spirit, creator of
all things. Founded on the rising again of the
Spirit from the dead corpus. Founded on the
tenets that are those of the Ritual of old Egypt.
At the downfall of the old Egyptian Empire
the Priests of old Egypt were scattered over ihe
face of the earth and water, some retaining one
part of the Ritual, some another part ; and so
many look upon them as various and different
creeds, yet if you study these and find the origin of
all, you will only arrive in the end at one source
— old Egypt. That names and some forms and
ceremonies have changed matters nothing ; it does
not alter the original. That is the reason that we
have Brothers of all creeds and denominations
meeting together in one insoluble bond, and, in
my opinion, it is one of the immutable laws of
the Divine Creator that we shall, in some not far
distant time, be all united again under one banner
as of old. Whatever that name may be is im-
material, but it will be " Freemasonry," which
possesses the truer form of the old Ritual than
any other Cult.

THE GAVEL.

This Symbol (Fig. 24) was the original sacred
sign used amongst primitive man (see Fig. 25), the
Pygmies, the original homo, who were developed in
Africa from an Anthropoid Ape. I have been

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 137

amongst these little people, and with them it means
"The Great One," "The Chief." It is just three
sticks crossed, as you see. Now, let us trace the
development of this to our present day, not as a
theory, but as a fact — for the evidence and proofs
are still extant. In following the evolution and
history of the human race I find that two develop-
ments have been evolved out of this original sign,
yet the meaning of the symbolism is the same in
each.

First, amongst some of the Nilotic Negroes who

P CP )j<

Fig. 24. Fig. 35. Fig. 26.

followed the Pygmy all over the world and were a
higher-developed type of man. (See " Origin and
Evolution of Primitive Man.") They converted
Fig. 25 into a double cross, Fig. 26, by placing
the two sticks in a different way, and it is used
amongst these people as one of their most sacred
signs in their Totemic Ceremonies, and has been
adopted by those who followed down to our present
Christian and other Cults as one of their sacred
signs, and is used by Brothers of the higher
degrees. The symbolism and meaning are identical
all through. Amongst the Stellar Mythos people

138 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

(those who first reckoned time and kept their
record by observation of the precession of the
seven Pole Stars) it was used in the primary form,
and is an Egyptian ideograph for Amsu — i.e. it is
the first name given to the risen Horus, or, as
Christians would say, the risen Christ. In a later
phase, in the form of a double-headed Hammer
or Axe, it was a symbol of the Great One, the
Great Prince.

When primitive man began to learn more it
became of great import, and amongst some tribes
a special hut was built for it. The Priest and
Great Chief were the only people allowed to see
it. This is still extant at the present time amongst
the Nilotic Negroes in Africa. In the Stellar
Mythos it was also a symbol representing Horus
— The Great Chief of the Hammer was one of
his names ; The Cleaver of the Way ; the God
of the Double Power, or Double Equinox — and
it was brought on in the Solar Cult in the same
way, when they recorded time by the sun's revo-
lution. The Great God Ptah was not only the
G.A.O.T.U., but was also called The Great Chief
of the Hammer. (See Ritual.)

The proofs of this are found in the old Temples
of Egypt, in the Ritual of Ancient Egypt, in
Central and South America, Asia, and, as Evans
found, at Knossos, where in the centre of the
Temple were discovered three cubes, one surmount-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 139

ing the other, with an ideograph sign on each
(Fig. 4), representing figuratively the Great One of
the North =Horus I. ; The Great One of the
South=Sut, El Shaddai of the Hebrews (who was
originally primary god when they first worked out
their Astro-Mythology in the Southern Hemi-
sphere) ; The Great One of the Central = Shu,
the God of the Equinox. This has been brought
on in our Brotherhood as the symbol used and
represented as in the Egyptian. It is the symbol
of the Master, the double-headed hammer, the
gavel, in Egyptian, Neter, as representing The
Great and Powerful One, The One Great Chief
— in our case, the great all-powerful one of the
Lodge, the W. Master ; therefore I am sure you
will agree with me that this is one of our symbols
that has been handed down from the remotest
antiquity ; but the symbolism has not changed
through all the evolutions of the human race from
the first to the present day, and we have the
other two gavels, representatives of this Treble
Cube in the J.W. and S.W. in this Lodge, and
these are the representatives of the three Grand
Originals in the R.A.C.

Now let us turn to the date of origin and jorni
of our Lodge. Our Temples or Lodges first
originated at the time of Totemic Sociology, over
six hundred thousand years ago. These were
formed at first in the seventeenth Nome of Upper

140 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Egypt, and the Temples were built first as a circle,
then in the form of a double square, and at first
were not covered in, as far as we know ; simply
surrounded by walls made of stone with a Watcher
and Herald, both armed with a knife, at the
entrance. The ancient Egyptians, when working
out their Astro-Mythology, first divided the Heavens
into North and South — depicted by the two
Columns J. and B., and sometimes by two circles
(Fig. 27), then as a Triangle, next as
a Square, and finally as a Circle ; and
N )~ as they portrayed Heaven in these
forms, so in each case was the earth

0 symbolized — it was always a double
earth — i.e. the Earth and the Earth of
Eternity. The first things they noticed

at the Equinox were the Pole Stars,
Fig. 27.

those stars which never set.

Primitive man was evolved somewhere around

the Great Lakes, the source of the Nile in Africa,

and as he advanced in knowledge and worked out

his Astro -Mythology, he never forgot the tradition

of his home, which must have been handed down

verbally from generation to generation. It was

looked upon as the highest land or summit of the

earth, which they called Ta-Nuter, or Holy Land

— the Land of Spirits, or Khui Land, because it

was from here that the two Pole Stars, which

never set, could be seen resting on the horizon.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 141

This was the summit of the Earthly Mount. The
Two Eyes, side by side, was one mode of express-
ing this ideographically. The Pole Star, or The
Eye, therefore, became a type of the Eternal, be-
cause, apparently, it never changed with time. It
was the earliest ideographic type of supreme intelli-
gence which gave the law in heaven, which was
all- seeing, unerring, just, and true. It was the
centre of the Circumpolar Paradise, and it became
a standpoint in the heavens for the mind of man

Fig. 28.

to rest on at the centre, and radiate to the circum-
ference : that point within a circle from which
you could not err. But it was not here that you
could find the secrets of a M.M. That is where
we have gone wrong and made a bad innovation in
our Ritual by not understanding the true gnosis.
One must know all the secrets of a M.M. before
arriving here, and it was in Amenta they learnt
these, not in the Celestial Paradise at the North.
That is where the G.A.O.T.U. will receive you
after you have travelled through the difficulties,

142 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

dangers, and valley of death, when the Soul has
been weighed by Ap-Senui and you are found
worthy to receive the password of the door leading
to eternal life (Fig. 28).

These were then represented by two poles. North
and South (the origin of our Columns J. and B.).
From these two Eyes there was therefore a
straight line from North Star to South (Fig. 29),
which was divided into two equal divisions by

Fig. 2q.

Fig. 30.

Fig. 31.

Shu at the Equinox, as in Fig. 30, Shu thus giving
the two Triangles of Sut and Horus, and then
the four quarters, or Square, was filled in and
formed later (Fig. 31).

Heaven being now divided into four quarters, or
a Square, and the Earth being the same, it became
a double square, and all Temples throughout all
the world were built in this form as a representa-
tion of the Symbolisms of Earth and Heaven,
with the Pedestal of the Primary Trinity in the
Centre (Fig. 32). This was the universal plan
all through the Stellar and Lunar Mythos.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 143

When the Solar Cult took the place of the Stellar
and Lunar, Ptah, the G.A.O.T.U., figuratively
worked out a tunnel through the Earth, called
Amenta ; a passage for the Sun and Moon and
Manes to go through the underworld, where all
the difficulties, dangers, and trials had to be passed
before entering that Circumpolar Paradise situated
at the North. Before (i.e. during) the early part
of the Stellar Cult the Manes passed through the
underworld down beneath the earth — " The Great
Void." During the Stellar Mythos Egypt was

Fig. 32.

Fig. 33.

figuratively divided into a Square. The Manes
entered at the North and passed South through this
underworld, and came out in a cave situated on an
Island in a Lake (The Great Lake, Victoria Nyanza
and Tanganiki, which were then one — i.e. the
Khui Land), the original place from whence the
first man came, as well as the source of their water
of life— the Nile — which they knew. This was
worked out in the Stellar Mythos first.

The form of Amenta was given as a double
square (Fig. ^;^) end to end— the double earth.
Then Egypt was divided into two squares, the

144 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

North and South, and so you have the Crown
of the North and the Crown of the South. In
all Temples you find these were built in this form,
the original being the House of Earth as a square,
and the House of Eternity as a square, in the
Stellar Mythos, surmounted by a Triangle. This
again was represented in the formation of Amenta
as a double square, the result being that as all
Temples were built on this plan it did not change
its form when the Cults changed ; for in the
seven Lesser Mysteries and the ten Greater
Mysteries you have this form of all Temples, and
your Lodge is on the same plan, but the orientation
was changed.

It is the origin of the form of our Lodge ; it
is the origin of the form of all Temples, through
all time, only during the Stellar Mythos the orienta-
tion for the first fifty-two thousand years was
South, then for three hundred thousand years at
least it was North, and after that in the Solar
Cult and up to the present day it has been East.
We do not have the Cubes in our Lodges, although
the R.A.C. does, and this is the correct form.
But in Irish Lodges a Cube is in the Centre
OF the Lodge as an Altar, on which is placed
the Warrant, Book of Constitutions, Working
Tools, etc., and around it are stationed the three
" Lesser Lights," which represent the Egyptian
Primary Trinity. Thus the Irish Lodges retain

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY U5

the true form, and, moreover, the Irish 1. has
an address given to him pointing out what Free-
masonry is, etc., just as the old priests of Egypt
gave their I. I use the term square and double
square because 1 do not like the American term,
nor do 1 think it correct. I prefer to use the term
" square " as the old Egyptians did, as this was
the primary, and in my opinion I don't think we
can improve upon their ideas. Although Amenta
might by some be termed " a cube," it was not
the idea of the Egyptians. This
is proved by the representative L — k\

ideographs of the Upper and Lower
Earth in the Ritual, viz. two ideo-
graphs for two skies (one reversed) p , ./j

i.e. a sky for each (Fig. 34), which

, . , Fig. 34.

proves that it was the same square

as in the former Cult.

Freemasonry is an Eschatology, taught origin-
ally in Signs and Symbols, these originating in
the mind of man from objective forms, and being
subjective representations of sublime tenets which
at this early period he had no words to express
otherwise, and which afterwards became the secret
and sacred writings and language of the Priests.
Signs preceded words and words preceded writings.
These teach you the highest ideals and concep-
tions that the human intellect has ever evolved,
both morally and eschatologically, and how you

11

146 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

should live in this world to gain that everlasting
life and happiness promised to us in that spiritual
form which all must assume at no great distance
of time.

We are all striving to obtain a knowledge of
" a something " which we feel there is, there must
be, but many cannot yet understand what it is, and
how to obtain it. There is that written on stone
and on papyri (which has been preserved through
hundreds of thousands of years) showing what we
should do in this world to gain that everlasting
life and happiness in the next, given by the Divine
Creator to our forefathers, and the tenets of which,
to a great extent, have been preserved to us
Freemasons direct from- the original.

VIII

FREEMASONRY, PAST AND FUTURE

A Lecture delivered before the Mid Kent Masters' Lodge, No. 3173,
at Chatham, on the \^th March, 1913.

There are very few students amongst our
Brotherhood ; and even amongst those few
scarcely one who can go beyond the " Modern
Aspect " of Freemasonry ; I have chosen, there-
fore, to discuss the " Ancient Origin " of Free-
masonry, not the Modern Aspect, which covers
a period of a few hundreds of years only. Bros.
Gould, Anderson, Armitage, Horsley, Lawrence,
and many other able writers and speakers have
studied the latter. We have no written history
of the Craft prior to that time, only traditions.
Yet Freemasonry has existed for at least six
hundred thousand years, but not under the name
of Freemasonry. That term did not then exist.
The farthest date back in which we find that word
is 1376. But the word or term "Craftsman"
was in existence more than six hundred thousand

years ago, as were some of our Signs, Symbols,

147

148 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

and Rituals. Freemasonry was then the religion
of the world ; it existed not in this country only,
but throughout Africa, Europe, Asia, America, and
many islands in the Pacific.

You may ask, How do I know this? It is
because I have been enabled to read the writings
on the wall still existing in the old ruined cities,
and on various papyri that have been found in
different parts of the world. Moreover, I dis-
covered that these people were all of one Cult or
Brotherhood, analogous in every particular to our
own Brotherhood, and my knowledge of geology
has assisted me in arriving at these conclusions as
regards the vast ages of time. It is only by going
back to the primary and tracing the human race
from the beginning, the signs and symbols then
formed as sign language in substitution for the
articulate sounds, which at that time did not
exist such as we have now, and following the
history of the " rise and fall " of all great nations,
and the causes for the same, that the secrets of
the past can be unravelled.

Having done this, after critically examining all
existing evidence, one conclusion only can be
arrived at, and it is that our Brotherhood
originated with the old Mystery Teachers, or High
Priests, in Old Egypt, whence various exodes
spread throughout the world, carrying with them
all the Rituals, Signs, and Symbols of the Brother-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 149

hood, primarily as Stellar Cult, and at a later
date the Solar Eschatology. That this was so
is proved by what we still find extant in many
countries, i.e. all our Signs and Symbols, with
engraved hieroglyphics explaining them by their
side as an objective proof, and their hieroglyphic
writings on papyri as subjective evidence.

It must have taken hundreds of thousands of
years to spread throughout the world, in view of
the fact that presumedly journeys had to be made
on foot at this early period of the world's
existence.

The lowest strata of the earth's surface where
remains of Stellar Cult man have been found is
in the Pliocene Age, in Italy, which must date
back six hundred thousand years or more. Also
the Piltdown skull of a human found in Sussex.'
Hence the proof of the great antiquity of man's
existence on this earth as against the Biblical date,
and however much some Brothers may express
their disbelief of the ages of time I have men-
tioned, they cannot gainsay or go against this
geological fact ; it is sufficient proof.

I want you to go back with me for a few minutes,
so far away in the past, to the time when man had
not the articulate language that we have now, and
so expressed some of his ideas and thoughts in

■ This is debatable — if this Piltdown skull was in the Pliocene
or not.

150 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Signs and Symbols. Many conclusions arrived at
were founded on the observation of the elemental
powers and observation of natural phenomena. If
you will bear this in mind, you will be able to
understand better the reason for the origin of our
Signs and Symbols, and why these have continued
to be associated and represented in every religious
cult with very little or no alteration from the
original. Many of our Signs and Symbols were
brought on prior to the Stellar Cult ; but it was
during this period that the Great Pyramids, as
well as the Temples, were built, which are found
nearly all over the world. The old Brotherhood
was one and the same iji forms, rites, and cere-
monies, with the same Signs and Symbols in Africa,
Asia, Europe, America, and some of the Pacific
isles.

The Stellar Cult people's Temples and buildings
can always be identified, because they were icono-
graphic, whereas the Solar people's were not ; they
both built with polygonal- shaped stones and
monoliths. Therefore you can always distinguish
definitely the ages of these Temples and who built
them, and the reason was that in the Stellar Cult
pre-human types were used, i.e. Zootypes, to
represent the Great Architect of the Universe and
His attributes ; whereas in the Solar the human
types had taken the place of these. Their Temples
were of the same form and shape as ours, except

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 151

that they had the Pedestal, which the R.A.M.'s
have, and which in the old Temples was always
situated in the centre. These two different degrees,
as we have made them, were then only one, as
can be seen at the Temples of Knossos and those
in Central America.

The door of the Temple was an equilateral
triangle, and therefore a Symbol of Heaven
(Fig- 3 5). The Square was a Symbol of Earthl ;
the whole entrance symbolized passing of
the Soul from earth to heaven. / \

The two Pillars at the porchway en-
trance of every Temple are specially im-
portant in ancient symbolism. Originally
these old Mystery Teachers divided the
heavens into two divisions, North and South,
which was represented by the Pole, or Pillar
of Set, in the South— El Shaddai of the
Phoenicians ; and the Pole, or Pillar of Horus,
in the North, termed the " Sustainers of the
Heavens." Sometimes two Eyes were portrayed
as the two Poles, or, rather, two Pole Stars. These
were the representative symbols of the two gods
of the Pole Stars, North and South, called also
the Two Judges. The Ideographs of them were
Two Jackals, and were later called in Egyptian the
two Tatt Pillars, one meaning " In Strength " and
the other " To establish " ; and combined Tattu,
which in Egyptian also means " The place of estab-

152 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

lishing for ever." The four lines at the top
represent the Celestial and Terrestrial Worlds.

The next division was symbolized by the division
of heaven in two circles, North and South. (These
we find in many places in Cornwall and Scotland,
and throughout the world.) This was the first and
oldest form of the Temple in the world, a circle of
twelve stones. After this, the next phase of heaven
was depicted by two Triangles ; No. i, Fig. 36,
was the Ideographic name and symbol for Set, and
No. 2, Fig. 36, was the Ideographic name
and symbol of Horus. At a later epoch
these two Triangles were joined (see
Fig. 8) as a representative symbol for
heaven, or the Land of the Spirits or
'^' ^ ' Gods ; and when Horus became Primary
God of the North and superseded Set, the Primary
God of the South, these were afterwards depicted
as Fig. 7, and this was associated with the name
of Horus only. It represents, in the Egyptian,
" Ra Harmachus " ; another name was Aiu, the
God of the Double Horizon, which was one of the
forms of Horus ; it was from this part of the old
Egyptian Eschatology that the Hebrew Cult was
founded.

These two triangles must be of great interest to
you because of the various forms in which they are
portrayed — curiously enough, on your own notice
sent out I find one form. Fig. 2i7 ^ which is prac-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 153

tically the same as Fig. 7, with the all-seeing eye
in the centre. These triangles, in another phase,
form the five-pointed star (Fig. 38). In this
latter there should be a point in the centre, which
we have left out, but in the original it was there ;

Fig. 37.

KiG, 38.

it was the point in the centre of a circle (Fig. 39),
equal to the point at the top of the triangle
or cone (Fig. 40), that was crowned with the star
at the summit and has the same meaning as the

Fig. 39.

Fig. 40.

Eye. The Eye is an Ideograph of the Pole
Star, and two eyes therefore symbols of the
two Pole Stars, but at the time that the two
triangles were blended in the form of Fig. 7
the Eye was an Ideograph of the Pole Star North,

154 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

associated with Horus only. This one, the centre
of the six other Pole Stars of Ursa Minor, pr
Little Bear, revolved in a circle around this centre
one, therefore the Pole Star was a symbol or
type of the eternal, because apparently it never
changed with time. It was the earliest type of
supreme intelligence which gave the law, which
was unerring, just, and true, and it became a
standpoint in the heavens for the mind of man
to rest on at the centre and radiated to the circum-
ference (a point within a circle from which one
could not err). It was also a type or symbol of
the Judge, or Just One. This will give you the
origin and meaning of the symbols you use on
your stationery, which "are associated with these
two triangles. The interpretation is that this is the
symbol of the Just God who gave the Law ; The
Great Architect of the Universe. As regards " That
point within a circle," a bad innovation has been
made here, on account of not knowing the true
gnosis of the Ritual of Ancient Egypt, as this
was not the place that all the secrets were com-
municated and known ; " This Centre of the
Circle " represented Paradise. They left the East
to go to the West to obtain the secrets of M.M.
These secrets were given in " Amenta," which was
entered in the West, and traversed until they came
out in the East, before they could enter Paradise
situated at the North. The secrets were taught and

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 155

given in Amenta, which was portrayed as an
Ideographic Symbol, to teach the Mysteries, and
was not beUeved to be anything but Mythical by
the old wise men of Egypt ; the old Mystery
Teachers. The D.C. of the i8' corresponds to
Amenta in our teachings.

The next evolution was the heavens in the form
of a Square, and as they portrayed a uranographic
picture here so they depicted the earth — thus you
have two Squares, the later form of the two
Triangles, and it was in this form they built the
Temples, a double square end to end,
with the cubes in the centre to mark
the division between Heaven and
Earth. On the top of the cube was
a circle of gold enclosing the Sacred FicTdi.
Triangle, and at each corner was the
Ideographic name of one of the Primary Trinity,
or the Three Grand Originals (Fig. 41).

Thus you see the progressive evolution of the
mind of man as depicted by the different Signs
and Symbols he used to express his thoughts and
beliefs when he had no language as we have
now.

1 . He divided the Heavens into North and
South, and symbolized this by the Two Pillars —
that of Set for the South and that of Horus for
the North.

2. The two Pole Stars, N. and S., were de-

156 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

picted as two Eyes, also as symbols of Set and
Horus as the Two Judges.

3. Then we have the Heavens divided into two
Circles, the North for Horus and the South
for Set.

4. The next is the Heavens symbolized by the
two Triangles into the two equal divisions, with
the same meaning as the Circles.

5. In the next portrayal, Set, or the South Pole
Star, has sunk down below the horizon as the old
people came North from the Equatorial Provinces
of Africa, where they were born or originated,
and the Pole Star North has risen in the Heavens,
i.e. Horus has become the highest and supreme
one and appropriated all the attributes of Set unto
himself ; and now —

6. The Heavens are represented as a Square.
The two Triangles merged into one, which has
four supports, symbolized as the brothers or
children of Horus.

7. The Pole Star North (Horus) represented by
one Eye now becomes " The All-Seeing Eye," a
type of the Great Judge of All (Fig. 14).

These Symbols and Signs were used by these old
Mystery Teachers to represent the Great Architect
of the Universe and His various attributes when
they had no language of words to express their
thoughts as we have now. This was part of their
Sign Language — their sacred symbols which have

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 157

been handed on from generation to generation to
the present day, the interpretation varying some-
what with each successive Cult.

So many, even learned men, who ought to know
better, have stated verbally and in writing that the
old Egyptians w^orshippcd many gods, birds, cats,
and other animals, etc. This was not so. These
old Priests, the forefathers of our Brotherhood,
only believed and worshipped One Great God, the
Great Architect of the Universe, expressed by
various Signs and Symbols. If the Triangle was
the sign and symbol of the Great God, it was the
Great. God that was worshipped, and not the
Triangle. The Triangle was held sacred because
it was a symbol made to represent Him. In twenty
thousand years' time it is quite possible that those
who come after us and find " the Lamb "
sculptured in our churches will say that we were
worshippers of sheep — which would be just as
true as many say of the old Egyptians at the
present time. If the S>Tnbol represented the Deity,
it was the Deity that was worshipped and not the
Symbol.

Bro. Hobbs, in a letter to The Freemason, states
that I speak derisively of Thomas Payne and others
who attribute the origin of the Craft as Druidical.
Let me state here distinctly I did nothing of the
kind. What I said was that Payne and others
stated that these old Druids worshipped the Sun,

158 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Moon, and Stars, but I say it was not so. These
were symbols either representing the Deity or some
of His attributes, which the Druids perfectly under-
stood, but which the learned men of the present
day do not, and have taken the shadow for the
substance and mixed them up, which will not help
to understand the Wisdom of Ancient Egypt, or
give any knowledge or meaning of all you find
of the peoples of past ages.

Many would wish to know how these have
been handed on from the time they came into
existence up to the time you found them used in
your Lodges. The answer to this, fully set forth,
with the proofs, would fill a big volume ; I will,
however, try and explain in a few words so that
you will be able to think out the details as I
have done.

To commence with, all the sacred Signs and
Symbols first used by these old Mystery Teachers
in their Stellar Cult were brought on into their
Lunar and Solar Cults, and from the Solar Escha-
tology, the earliest Christians, the Copts, adopted
them. Some of the original forms have been
slightly changed, others were discarded by the later
Christians ; examples of this you can find in many
old churches here in England ; one in particular,
Launceston Church, in Cornwall, is rich in the
early emblems which were worked here in stone
and built in by the old Druidical Priests, who

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 159

became Christians between looo and 1500. In
Mr. Harold Bayley's books you will find numerous
examples. They are also to be found in the
churches of the Abyssinians. That the Chinese
have them is because these are old Stellar Cult
people, who left Egypt at the time that the hiero-
glyphic language was undergoing the evolution of
having affixes and prefixes added to the original
Ideograph, and before the Hieratic and Demotic
were evolved. That the Hindoos and Jews have
them is because these were Solar Mythos people
when they left Egypt, and are still so (in two
difi'erent forms or epochs of time), so that many
are thinking at the present day that all these
people have difTerent religions, yet in reality it
is not so. Names have changed, language has
become reflected instead of monosyllabic, there-
fore the majority now express in words, in difi'erent
ways, what was formerly sign language ; the origin
of all was one and the same, and because some
have travelled by one road and some by another,
and have different tales to tell of the routes by
which they travelled, you must not lose sight and
meaning of the originals. You can trace them all
back the way they came, as you can trace them
all from the earliest to the present time — if you
will only leave out the dogmas that have been
introduced.

The old Brothers were the men of the highest

160 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

learning and integrity in all countries, and had to
be proven before they could be admitted at each
higher grade they attained to. None of the
common and unlearned were ever admitted to their
secrets or Brotherhood, and this is the reason why
we do not admit slaves into our Brotherhood.

What was the cause of the destruction and
supposed loss of all their old Eschatology, or
Doctrine of Final Things?

When Egypt was at its zenith dissensions arose
amongst the Priests, and, as the inevitable result.
Socialism followed. No peoples have ever risen
to be a great nation and then fallen and been
destroyed except for these two primary causes,
and no downfall was so great as that of Egypt.

Their Temples were thrown down and given over
to fire and sword, and their old writings were
burned, or lost, or became unintelligible to the
destroyer. But we find that remnants of the old
Priesthood who were our old Brothers escaped ;
others had been established in other countries, as,
for example, the Druids in this country and in
the North of France and in America ; these again
had to flee before the sword.

The old faith was never entirely lost, however,
but was kept secret and sacred by a scattered few,
and you must remember that their Signs, Symbols,
and the meaning of their Rituals were only known
to a chosen few — men of unimpeachable character.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 161

integrity, and honour, who have been tried and
tested. From these few, we, the present Brother-
hood of Freemasons, have been evolved ; we have
risen out of the ashes of past ages to form a
Brotherhood throughout the world again, as of
old, with all the same Signs, Symbols, sacred rites
and ceremonies.

Many innovations have become necessary to
replace some of the lost secrets, and to meet the
higher state of evolution which humanity has now
attained. For instance, for the true password for
M.M. — Maat-Heru in Egyptian, meaning one
whose voice must be obeyed — we have substituted
another ; also in our passwords for grips we have
substituted our present for the original — in fact,
there are several in the various degrees, but I
know all in the Egyptian from the first to the
thirty-third, and I do not think it matters now
to attempt any change. During the last hundred
years the Brotherhood has been striving to raise
itself again towards " the greater standard " and
to attain a higher evolution.

This is a short resume of the Past, and there
is no time at my disposal to bring forward all
proofs of that which I have stated ; indeed, all
the proofs that I have found would occupy many
large volumes, but in my " Signs and Symbols of
Primordial Man," Second Edition, there are more
proofs given. It is a book that took me twenty

12

162 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

years to complete, but it was a labour of love,
because it was written for the information of the
Brotherhood " who could not read the writings
on the wall." But it is not a work which is
perfect by any means. It is written to guide
and interest you in the right road to the know-
ledge you wish to obtain ; a small path cut through
a dense, dark forest, which I hope others will
broaden and enlarge.

Much has been said lately on the subject of
Freemasonry and religion. Many Brethren, and
some of them very eminent and learned divines,
have stated — and no doubt they would not make
the statement if they did not believe it — " that
Freemasonry is not a religion." Brothers, my con-
tention is that Freemasonry is the greatest, truest,
and purest religion in the world, for these reasons :

1. Religion proper commences with and must in-
clude the idea or desire for and belief in another
Ufe.

2. This belief in another life is founded on the
belief of the resurrection of the Spirit.

3. We all believe in one great God, the Great
Architect of the Universe.

4. Therefore we all believe in the rising again of
the human soul, emerging alive from the body of
dead matter. This body of dead matter could not
come back or rise again, if disintegrated, but the
Spirit could.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 163

5. In our teachings, in our forms and ceremonies
which are dramatically performed, we are taught
how we should live in this world, and how we
should die, to attain that great end of everlasting
happiness which is the one object all the Brother-
hood profess and desire to attain. Therefore this
is the greatest, truest, and purest religion in the
world, void of all dogmas, one in which poor
humanity can work together in perfect harmony,
and one in which there cannot be any dissensions
to disturb the fraternal feelings which should
always exist between us, and may it ever continue
to be the same.

We have no history for those who cannot read
ancient writings except a decipherment and trans-
lation of some of these symbols and workings
which I have given, which probably many have
never heard of, few have read, and which are
ignored by some or adversely criticized by others,
who are not acquainted with the knowledge of
these decipherments, and who cannot read the
writings on the walls. Few Brothers have studied
the history and evolution of the human race, and
the religious conceptions during the evolution,
which alone contain the secret of the development
of Freemasonry. Without a knowledge of the
past there can be no guide to the future.

And what of the future? It is only by studying
the past that you can gain a true knowledge of

164 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

what Freemasonry is. At present many are only
in the analogous position of the poor aboriginal
natives of Australia and other countries. You have
forms, ceremonies, Signs, Symbols, and Ritual,
which you repeat, and act, without understanding
their true origin and meaning — as they do in their
Totemic ceremonies — but that is not what true
Freemasonry is ; nor is being letter perfect, or a
good orator, or a dramatist. These points are to
be highly appreciated ; they enhance the greater
solemnity of our ceremonies, and photograph our
beautiful Ritual more indelibly on the mind of the
initiate ; but if we do not act those principles in
our lives outside the Lodge, which we so solemnly
promise in the Lodge, what frauds we are !

The past and continuous thought of the majority
of our Brotherhood is one of self, rightly when it
especially affects themselves — Feasting and Chari-
ties. But within the last few years a very bright
star has arisen in Freemasonry. There are many
in the Craft who are striving to bring about that
high ideal of Brotherhood to be a reality, and not
a sham, although they have little encouragement
from the powers that govern the Order.

I congratulate you Brothers of the Mid-Kent
Masters' Lodge on being amongst those that are
striving to elevate our Brotherhood, because the
meeting together, the reading of lectures on the
many subjects that are of vital importance to

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 165

the Craft, the discussions that follow on these, can-
not but result in a vast amount of good. Whether
the papers are considered good, bad, or indifferent,
the results obtained in the end must be to the
advantage of the Brethren.

Although we are the greatest Charity in the
world, and that is the only thing that interests
many — which, so far, is right and good — yet that
is not Freemasonry, nor will Freemasonry ever be
advanced farther in evolution, or coalescing the
Brotherhood into one great fraternal and universal
whole by it. The One Great Universal Brother-
hood, each individual carrying out those sublime
tenets he was taught in the Lodge in his daily life
outside the Lodge, is what Freemasonry should
and must attain. Many Brothers do not think,
and therefore do not practise these things outside
the Lodge.

It is the action of the individual Mason in
discharging with great fidelity every duty he has
in this life, both outside the Lodge as well as
within, that will raise the Fraternity. How can
we hope to attain Universal Brotherhood without
setting the example in this the mother country to
our present Brotherhood throughout the world?
If the mother is careless and indifferent, her
children will become careless and indifferent. The
whole Brotherhood of the world look up to you
for example and precept. How jealous, therefore,

166 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

should you be to exemplify to the world that every
Mason should carry out the tenets in action, and
not in platitude only.

Then let there be no discord and divisions
amongst you, because, if these predominate, instead
of establishing the unity of Universal Brotherhood,
the human brotherhood becomes more and more
widely separated. Let there exist a perfect unity
of sentiment between you ; or, if there must be a
difference, let it be of emulation in the exercise of
those good qualities which, while they dignify our
nature, add lustre to the highest and beauty to the
lowest station. Let the principles and precepts of
morality and fervent piety, which are continually
ascending from our altars, repress every unkind
thought and smooth every asperity of feeling.

And why should this not be so?

The answer remains with yourselves, and in the
action of your daily lives. You can all attain the
ideal if you try, and if all strive then the Brother-
hood will be a living reality, with the power of
governing the world for human happiness. I
believe it is only a question of time before our
great ideal will be realized. Freemasonry during
the last fifty years has made much progress, and
even within the last few years has raised itself
towards that standard, and the number of Brothers
who are working to attain that goal has so
increased every year, that the outlook for the

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 167

future of Freemasonry is very bright. But we
want more workers and we want a higher
!^ standard generally. We have no dogmas or creeds

^ to confuse the faith and belief in the One Great

Eternal and Divine Architect of the Universe,
Creator of all things. Therefore no question of
a difference of creed could obtrude itself or cause
any secessions amongst the Brothers of various
climes and countries. By your universal combi-
nation you possess the dominant power for the
advancement, for the good of humanity generally.
For Freemasonry to exist there is no way of
standing still. It must progress or it must fall.
This must be the question for you to answer : Is
it to be Past, or Future?

Therefore let each one steadily follow that
Bright Star which has arisen. It is striving to
throw its rays of light amongst us, and bring
about that great ideal of Universal Brotherhood,
so as to make the future of Freemasonry a great
reality, and not an ideal in name only.

IX

THE ORIGIN AND EXPLANATION OF
SOME MASONIC SIGNS AND SYMBOLS

A Lecture delivered before the Hendre Lodge, No. 3250, at the
Masonic Temple, Cardiff, 2^ih April, 1913.

Wales, in conjunction with the West of England,
Devon and Cornwall, is particularly rich in pos-
sessing remains of old Temples and stones, on
which many Signs and Symbols are still extant, and
can be seen ; hence you will recognize that here
you possess objective proofs, and are therefore
able the better to appreciate and follow me than
many other Brothers who are not so rich in the
possession of Sacred Symbols. I always feel a
pleasure in giving information upon the origin
and meaning of all our Signs and Symbols and
Rituals, as without a knowledge of the Astro-
Mythology and Eschatology of old Egypt it is
impossible to decipher and find the true interpre-
tation of these Signs and Symbols.

To understand the meaning and origin of these
we have to go back and return again by the road
we came, far away back, six hundred thousand

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 169

years ago. The remains of skeletons found in
the Pliocene strata were of the present type of man,
and were Stellar Mythos people, as was proved by
the implements found with them. This is sufficient
evidence alone, because these must date at least
six hundred thousand years ago, probably much
more.

There is at the present time a learned American
Professor excavating the Temples of the Sphinx,
who, like many others, understands nc hing about
the old Cults of Egypt, and is writing le greatest
nonsense about this figure. One si ^ement in
particular I would draw your especial attention
to. He states that "the Sphinx is much older than
the Pyramids," which is quite wrong. The Great
Pyramid was built by the Stellar Cult people, and
has portrayed in its figure all their astronomical
knowledge, and their cults, in Sign language. The
Sphinx was built by the early Solar people,
thousands of years after, and represents Ra Har-
machus, God of the Double Horizon. The proof
of this is that the Sphinx itself has spoken once,
and you will find this on the stele of Tahtmes IV,
where it is called the Sphinx of Khepra, who
was a form of Harmachus, of whom I c^"-^!! have
to say more later on ; but the whole of the early
Solar Cult is portrayed in this figure in Sign lan-
guage, and may be easily deciphered and trans-
lated by those who understand. But when

170 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

professors write their theories, not understanding
Sign language, or the old Cults of Ancient Egypt,
it does an immense harm, because, coming from
the pen of a professor, people generally take it
that it must be true, whereas it is puerile nonsense.
Modern ignorance of the mythical mode of repre-
sentation has led to the ascribing of innumerable
false beliefs.

These Stellar Cult people were the first to build
Temples. They built the Great Pyramid and many
of the old Temples found in Africa, Europe, Asia,
America, and some of the islands of the Pacific.
Their Priests, w^o were their learned men, were
the old Mystery Teachers of Egypt ; many exodes
of them left Egypt and carried all their knowledge
of building and their religion to most parts of the
world. These were followed by a higher class and
developed human — namely, the Solar Cult people.

The buildings of the Stellar people can always
be identified by their being Iconographic, whereas
the Solar and others were not. Therefore, you
can always distinguish definitely the ages of the
Temples, and who built them. These people were
the first to work out the old Astro-Mythology, and
it is to this that we owe the origin of many of our
Sacred Signs and Symbols. It is important to
distinguish and know the difference, because the
Stellar is so much older, and yet the Solar is only a
further evolution of the Stellar.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 171

These old Mystery Teachers first divided the
Heavens into two parts, the North and the South,
which they symboUzed by two Poles or Pillars, one
belonging to the North, and one to the South (see
Fig. 15). These were called the two sustainers
of Heaven ; also they represented the two Gods
of the Pole Stars, and later, in Egyptian, were
named the two Tatt Pillars. These two Pillars
were always placed at the porchway entrance of
every Temple in the world, and represent J. and
B. in our Masonic Temples.

The next portrayal of Heaven was symbolized
by two circles representing a Pre-Zodiacal forma-
tion of the Heavens in the Stellar Mythos.
Fig. 27 represents the North (Horus) and the
South (Set) respectively, which in Temple building
were formed of twelve monoliths. Remains of
these Circles, with twelve stones to each, may be
seen in Wales, Cornwall, Scotland, India, .America,
and many other parts of the world. These repre-
sent the very first form of Temples built by man,
and preceded the Temples in the form of a double
square by many thousands of years. Probably
these were not covered in. Much more could be
said regarding these, but they are just mentioned
to show their origin and meaning.

In the next phase of representation we find
Heaven depicted by two Triangles. These two
Triangles are specially important in ancient sym-

172 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

holism, more especially on account of the various
portrayals of comhinations we find. In Wales
and the West of England many are to be found,
as well as in all countries where the old Stellar and
Solar people traversed. The first phase of the
two Triangles was as i, Fig. 6, which is an
Ideograph for the name of Set— El Shaddai of
the Phoenicians— and represented the God of the
Pole Star South, as well as the southern division
of Heaven ; and 2, which is an Ideographic symbol
for Horus, represents the God of the Pole Star
North and the northern division of Heaven. At
a later epoch these two Triangles were joined (see
Fig. 8) as a representative symbol for Heaven or
the land of the Spirits. Sometimes we find these
doubled, as in Fig. 21, where the two Double
Triangles are surrounded by four Serpents, repre-
senting symbolically the four Powers which guard
the Land of the Spirits, as in Revelation " guarded
the Throne and around about the Throne," called
in Egyptian the Khui Land. A still later portrayal
was a treble form of these, surrounded by concen-
tric circles, as in Fig. 22.

The meaning of all three forms is the same
wherever found throughout the world, but one form
is more ancient than the other. They are given
here as they occurred in evolution. This Ideograph
for the Khui Land, or the Land of the Spirits, was
the most Sacred Symbol amongst our ancient

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 173

Brothers, and still is so amongst the remnants of
the Stellar Cult people living at the present
time. The reason why we have two Triangles
combined or blended into one symbol, or figure,
as on our own Masonic jewels, calls for some
explanation.

Primordial man was born in Africa ; you will
find proofs of this in my book " Origin and Evolu-
tion of Primitive Man." About the region of
the head of the Nile Valley, or Great Lakes, man
could see and mark the two Pole Stars — North and
South. The South was associated with Set, and the
North with Horns. Then Set was primary God ;
his Triangle or Ideograph was as i in Fig. 6.
As these people left their old land and travelled
to the North, the South Pole Star would sink down
below the Horizon, and the North Pole Star would
rise in tiie Heavens and become the only one
visible, which was represented by the Ideograph for
Horus (2 in Fig. 6). This is the mythical repre-
sentation of Shu lifting up the Heavens. Horus
was then given all the attributes of Set, and the
triangle of Set became blended with the triangle
of Horus, and formed these double triangles in
various phases, which were associated with the
name of Horus only, first in the Stellar Cult and
later carried on in their Solar Cult, and some of
them afterv/ards into the Christian doctrines. One
combination formed of these two triangles is that

174 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

with the All-seeing Eye in the centre (Fig. 42).
This form is an Ideographic symbol for Horus, as
God of the Pole Star North and South, having the
" All-seeing Eye." This originated with these old
Stellar Cult people. At the Equatorial Provinces
the two Pole Stars could be seen resting on the
Horizon, and these were symbolized in one form,
as two Eyes, called Merti in Egyptian (Fig. 13).
In Egyptian these two Eyes were, therefore. Ideo-
graphs for the two Pole Stars ; but when the South
Pole Star had disappeared below the Horizon, and

Fig. 42. Fig. 43.

the North Pole Star had risen in the Heavens, there
was only one Eye (Fig. 14). The North Pole
Star had figuratively absorbed the South, and this
North Pole Star became a symbol or type of the
Eternal, because apparently it never changed with
time. It was the earliest type of supreme intelli-
gence which gave the law which was unerring,
just, and true. It was also a type or symbol of the
Great Judge, or Just One. The interpretation,
therefore, of this symbol, sign, or ideograph
(Fig. 42) is Horus, or T.G.A.O.T.U., the
Eternal Lord of the North and South, the Great

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 175

Judge, Unerring, Just, and True, Lord of the All-
seeing Eye. This was always associated with
Horus of the Stellar Cult only.

There is still another form of the Triangle, or
rather a combination of the two, as in Fig. 43,
which represents a Star with five points, a more
ancient formation than the previous one, which, in
its true form, belonged to the Stellar Cult people
only. Many may not at first recognize that this
is a combination of the same two Triangles, but
if you will follow the mode of formation, as in

Fig. 44.

Figs. 44 and 45, it will be seen that it is so.
The upper part of Set's Triangle (44 aaa) is cut
off and attached to or joined to the Triangle of
Horus. Also see that the base line or divisional
line at the equinox (Fig. 45 b) has been removed
or is absent, and there is a reason for this, which
speaks for itself, in symbolic language. It portrays
graphically that Set's Triangle was given to Horus
when he became primary God of the Pole Sta,r
North. In the oldest formations of this symbol
there was a dot or Star in the centre, which is
equal to the Eye given in other representations.

176 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

The interpretation is the same in each case, i.e.
these are Ideographic Signs or Symbols for Horus,
God of the Pole Star North, and South, and his
abode. I am giving this Symbol and Sign with
interpretation and proofs fully, because in my
lecture at Chatham, at the Mid-Kent Masters'
Lodge, seeing it used on their stationery, I gave a
short explanation of it, but there was one Brother
who doubted my decipherment. And I see that
it is also the jewel of the Hendre Lodge. I there-
fore thought it incumbent on myself to bring for-
ward conclusive and critical proofs now. Although
it is used as a Sacred Symbol by the Jews, it was
brought on from the old Stellar Cult. The Jews
left out the " All-seeing Eye," and, therefore, tried
to convert it into a Symbol of Horus of the Double
Horizon, or Ihuh, in their terminology, but the
original had the dot or eye in the centre. It was
never intended to be a Sign or Symbol of Horus
of the Double Horizon originally. It was a Symbol
of the abode of Horus, God of the North and South,
God of the All-seeing Eye, and proof of this is the
fact that it has the phonetic signification of sb aau
— m Egyptian, " Abode of Stars," or " Subdivision
of the Celestial World," which was situated at the
North. You will find this in the list of Ideographs
of Bunsen's Dictionary, p. 497. (Fig. 46.) That
alone is a sufficient proof. It might be translated
as " The Abode or House of Horus " in one phase

THP] ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 177

—i.e. Paradise. You have " Hendre " portrayed
in its centre, so that must be your representation,
terrestrially, of the Celestial— very appropriate.

Sometimes you will only find one Triangle with
a dot or a star at the apex, as in Fig. 47. This
also is an Ideograph for Horus, God of the Pole
Star North. All the above forms belong to the
Stellar Cult people and not to any other. In
Fig. 48 the Triangle of Horus has been brought
on into the Christian doctrines ; the Symbol here
given has been taken from the Lapiderian Gallery

Fig. 46. Fig. 47. Fig. 48.

of the Vatican (Lundy, p- 92) and the Cross added
in the centre with the Ru.

We will now trace how these Triangles were
brought on from the Stellar and appropriated by
the Solar people, when the latter Cult succeeded
the former. The first combination of these two
Triangles in the Solar is found in many countries,
as in Fig. 49, sometimes surrounded by a circle,
as in Fig. 50. This Double Triangle has been
wrongly called " Solomon's Seal," but although
still used as a Sacred Sign by the Hebrews, it

13

,„ ^rHB ABCANA OF FEEEMASONBT

" Ra Harmachus," or Am
represents in EgVP;^'- ^^^^ horizon, from which
or lu, the God of the Uo ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^,

their Cult originated. 1 ^^^^ ^^^^ of

of Horns, and ^l^Tcu^^ therefore >t is more
Hortis only in the Solar W ^^^^ ^^^^^^^

*- a h-dred t o-nd - o^^^^^ ^^ ^^^

This form °' f °°^^„,i,ted from these other
should always be differen .^ ^^^^^^

,^o. Although the symbol -nj-^ ^^.^^^^

b, a crossing and -«™^J,„,erpretation ,s
superimposed on the other, yet

FIG. 50-
Fig. 49-

, these two Triangles, Figs. 42 and
differem. In *^!«j; ^^ ,he same, that these

43, the interpreted meamng ^^^^ „^

Z symbols. -/;;rpl tars North and
T.G.A.O.T.U God of the P ^^^^ ^^^^ ^

South, and belong to the .^ .^ ^„

whereas m the form of * g ^^ ^^^^^^

early Solar Symbol, and an I^og P ^^^ ^^
Go/ of the Double Hon^;^-^,;^ ,ook place
goes to prove that P^gtess^ve « ^^

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY l70

one, the same Symbols being made use of in many
cases.

Another very interesting proof that this Symbol
belongs to the God of the Double Horizon, and

The Idol Tanciayudhaswami.
Fig. 51.

that it is an early Solar Symbol and not Stellar,
may be deduced from a very interesting paper
read before the Dorset Masters' Lodge by Bro.
Herbert Bradley, C.S.I., P.Dis.G.M. Madras, in

180 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

which he gives the photograph of what he calls
the Idol Tandayudhaswami (Dorset Masters'
Lodge Transactions, 1910-11), in which this
Double Triangle is depicted on the idol's back sur-
rounded by a circle (Fig. 51). This, therefore,
is a Symbolic representation of " Atum "-Horus, in
the form of Atum-Iu — the first God of the Solar
Quit under several names in many countries. Bro.

Seal made by Caste Hindoos.
Fig. 52. Fig. 53.

Bradley has also given an interesting photograph
of a Seal used by Caste Hindoos in making Caste
Marks (see Figs. 52 and 53), in which appears the
original Double Triangle with the eye in the centre,
symbolic of God of the Pole Star North and South.
Therefore, whatever cult these people profess now,
Hindoo or otherwise, they are direct descendants
of the old Stellar Cult people — this, their most
sacred sign, stamps them as such. (I wish to
express my sincere thanks to Bros. Herbert Bradley

!r/

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 181

and Sherren, P.G. Sec. Dorset, for permission to
reproduce these illustrations.)

Another form, or combination, of the Triangle
must be especially interesting to Welshmen, be-
cause you find it so often portrayed in Wales, and
this was a Sacred Symbol amongst the Druids.
It is found all over the world where the Solar
Cult existed. It is the Triangle with the Swastika
in the centre, Fig. 54, which is another Ideo-
graph for Horus as God of the Four Quarters, or

Fig. 54.

Fig. 55.

Fig. 56.

God of the Double Horizon, and is frequently
associated with the Symbols, Figs. 55 and 56,
which have the phonetic value of lu, or lau. Three
feathers, or rods, or rays of light ; this was also
one of the most sacred signs amongst the Druids
or Solar Cult people. It is another Ideograph
for Horus under the name of lu or lau, or Ea or
Aiu, God of the Double Horizon. There are
various names throughout the world for this
Symbol. It was also the symbol for the name
of Egypt, as may be seen in Pierrot's Dictionary,
page 754. (Fig. 57.)

182 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

It must be especially interesting to Welshmen
because these feathers, or rods, or rays of light,
represent the feathers adopted " as totemic badge "
for the Prince of Wales. He not only wears
these feathers as Prince of Wales, but because
they are also the Sign and Symbol of " The Prince
or King of Egypt," as they are the Ideographic
Symbol for Egypt. Then, again, it is the Ideo-
graph for lu, or lau, who was the son of the
God Atum. So here we have a curious and
interesting fact, namely, the Prince of Wales is

Fig. 57. Fig. 58.

the Son of our Earthly King, so he represents in
a terrestrial form lu, the son of his father Atum,
in a Celestial or Spiritual form, this sacred Sign
or Symbol being common to each. This has never
been explained or deciphered by any one but
myself, and there are some interesting hypotheses
associated with this, which I am unable to discuss
in our Masonic Lodge, and I am quite sure His
Royal Highness is not acquainted with these facts
or the real origin of his " Three feathers."

I wish particularly to draw attention to the
Symbol of the Swastika, Fig. 58, for three

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 183

reasons. First because our old Brothers used it,
and the Operative Masons still have this Symbol
in their ceremonies ; next because this sign was
at a later period converted into the Cross which
our Brothers of the i8° use (see how this con-
version took place in " Signs and Symbols of
Primordial Man "), and because the interpreta-
tion given by the Operative Masons for this Sign
is not correct — in fact, quite wrong. The Opera-
tive Masons were originally " The Companions "
of the 17th Nome of Upper Egypt, and were
Stellar Cult people ; probably some later genera-
tions adopted the Solar Cult, and thus mixed the
signs, but retained the true and original Ritual.
Some of the exponents of Operative Masonry say
that the Swastika is a Symbol of Axial Rotation,
and refers to the Pole Star and the rotation of the
Great Bear around it ; that it symbolizes the Great
Ruler of the Universe, who alone was stationary
and stable as the North Star, while all the rest
of the universe revolves around Him !

This Symbol or Sign does not mean anything of
the kind. It is a pure theory without any founda-
tion in fact, except imagination, and I challenge
any Operative Mason to bring forward any facts
to prove and support their theory.

In its original form the Swastika is a symbol
of the Four Quarters of Heaven. It is a typical
figure of the Heaven that was founded on the

184 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Four corners, " according to the measure of a
man" (Rev. xxi. 17), and its origin was derived
from the human figure. The proof of this was
found in a Prehistoric Grave at Nagada, in Egypt.
On one of the seal Cylinders we have depicted the
primitive form, which was two human figures
crossed. These figures are depicted as in
Fig. 59. The four limbs, which eventually
became the four feet, or four legs, were at first
the two arms and two legs of the human figure.
This is the divine man whose image was extended

Fig. 59.

Fig. 60.

crosswise on the universe as a type of creation,
and who was Atum in the character of lu, the Son,
in the early Solar Cult. From these two figures
other two figures were blended, representing there-
from the Four Quarters of Heaven. As proof
of this there is still to be seen a stone at Meigle,
in Perthshire, with these four figures forming a
Swastika, a photograph of which is given in " Signs
and Symbols of Primordial Man." Each quarter
was given, or assigned, to one of the four Brothers
of Horus, who were the four attributes represent-

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 185

ing the four Supports of Heaven. If further proof
be necessary, it may be found in the Ancient
Mexican Calendar, in the form of the Swastika.
On each arm of this is the name of the four
Brothers of Horus, who were the four Supports
of Heaven, when first depicted in the form of a
Square, in Primary Solar Cult, or when Heaven
was first divided into four quarters by our old
Brothers, who were the Astro-Mythologists of old
Egypt.

Another form of the Swastika which is found in
many countries, India and Cornwall especially, is
Fig. 60, which is another portrayal of the form
we find in Mexico. The four lines or uprights,
having the same length as each arm, represent the
four supports, or Brothers of Horus, as the four
supports of the four quarters, which proves the
truth of this decipherment.

This Triangle, then, with the Swastika in the
centre is a Symbol for Horus, God of the Four
Quarters, or God of the Double Horizon, and has
nothing to do with the symbolism of God of the
North Pole, or of axial rotation, as the Operative
Masons explain. I have brought forward some
existing proofs which cannot, I think, leave any
doubt in your minds. I have explained this
Symbol fully, because it is so frequently found in
Wales, which was one of the last places, if not the
last place, where the Druids existed in these Isles,

186 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

where they lived and practised the old Solar Cult
they had brought with them from Egypt.

Another form or Symbol for Heaven was the
square, Fig. 6i. The reason being that the
Egyptians, in their progressive evolution from
the division of Heaven into North and South, now
added East and West, thus forming the Heavens
into four Quarters, or a Square, by means of the
Swastika figure. As already shown, there were
two human figures, Right and Left, so they formed
a Right and Left Swastika, as Figs. 62 and 63.

I I

Fig. 61.

Fig. 62.

Fig. 63.

They crossed the two human figures, and if these
two Swastikas be crossed they form a perfect
Square, with four Quarters.

In India and other places, where we find the
early Solar Cult existing, these two Swastikas are
frequently found together as Right and Left. As
by a Square they portrayed the Heavens, so by
another Square they depicted the Earth. Thus,
placing the two squares end to end, we arrive
at the form in which all their Temples were
built and are built, after the primary Circular

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 187

form had been given up. They placed a
treble cube in the centre to mark the division
between Heaven and Earth. On the top of the
Cube was a circle of gold, within this the Sacred
Triangle, with Ideographic Symbols at each corner,
signifying the names of the Primary Trinity, or
the Three Grand Originals, which all Royal Arch
Masons will recognize (see Fig. 64). This
double square end to end is the true form of our
Lodges, and the above is the reason why we have
them in this form, and also the reason why the

Fig. 64.

Fig. 65.

R.A.M.'s have the Cube in the centre and why
the Irish Masons still have " the Cube " in the
Centre of their Lodge. Originally these two
degrees were one.

One of the most interesting Symbols is the
Circle with a point in the centre (Fig. 65). For
the original of this we must return to the old wise
Brothers of Egypt ; the Mystery Teachers of the
Stellar Cult, although it was afterwards brought on
in the Solar, who had worked out the whole of
these Astronomical observations. It was previously

188 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

stated that the Pole Star North was symbolized by
the one All-seeing Eye, also called the Great Judge
of All ; also that the dot or Star at the summit
of a Cone, or Triangle, was the Ideograph for
Horus, God of the Pole Star North. The point
in the centre of a Circle is equal to the point at
the top of the Triangle, and this Glyph is equiva-
lent to the Eye ; the two are synonymous. In
this circle of the Pole Star there were seven attri-
butes, called the Seven Glorious Ones, grouped
together in the constellation of the Lesser Bear,
revolving around the Most High, the Great Judge,
the " All-seeing Eye," symbolized by the Pole
Star, which was the centre of the circumpolar
enclosure of Heaven, or Paradise, situated at the
'North. The Eye, or this dot, or Pole Star, in the
centre of the circle, therefore, became a Symbol
or type of the eternal, because, apparently, it never
changed with time. It was the earliest type of
the supreme intelligence which gave the Law, which
was unerring, just, and true, and it became a
standpoint in the heavens for the mind of man
to rest on at the centre, and radiate to the circum-
ference— a point within a circle from which a M.M.
could not err. It was a type or Symbol of the
Just One, or the Just God, who gave the law,
the Great Architect of the Universe, just and un-
erring. We have made a bad innovation in our
Ritual, because this was not the place where one

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 189

learnt the secrets of a M.M., and this has been
done, apparently, because the true gnosis of the
Ancient Ritual of Egypt was not known to those
who compiled our Ritual in its present form.

The old Egyptians formed an Ideographic
Symbol called Amenta to teach the Mysteries, and
it was here, in Amenta, that one learnt the true
secrets of a M.M. In the i8° there is a room
corresponding to this of the old Egyptians. You
have been told that you travelled from the East
to the West to learn the genuine secrets. That
is so ; there you entered the Amenta in the West,
travelled back to the East, and came out with all
the true and genuine secrets of a M.M. This point
within the circle was their circumpolar Paradise
or Heaven, where you will all be received in spirit
form after this earthly life, but you must possess
all the secrets and passwords before you can enter
there, according to the Egyptian Wisdom, and
these were learnt in Amenta.

The Gavel (Fig. 12), the emblem or symbol
of the W.M., is a Symbol of Power and
Might, and its associations are very important.
It was the original sacred sign used amongst primi-
tive man, and originated with the little Pygmy in
Africa. This, their sacred sign, is found in many
countries, including Wales, Cornwall, France,
America, and in Asia. Originally it was just three
sticks crossed as in Fig. 10. Amongst the little

190 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Pygmies it means " The Great One," " The
Chief." If we trace the development of this to
our present day we find three distinct evolutions
of it. Amongst some of the Nilotic Negroes, who
followed the Pygmy all over the world, and who
are a higher developed type of man, they converted
this Symbol into a double cross by placing the two
sticks in a different way, as in Fig. ii. It is
used by these Totemic people as one of their most
sacred signs, and has been adopted by those who
followed, down to our present Christian and other

>K

Fig. 66. Fig. 67.

Cults, as one of their sacred signs. It is used
by our Brothers of the Higher Degrees. Amongst
the Stellar Cult people it was carried on and used
in its original form (Fig. 10), and is an Egyptian
Ideograph for Amsu— i.e. the first name given to
the risen Horus ; or, as Christians would say, the
Risen Christ. In a later period we have another
symbol added to this, namely, the Egyptian Ru (see
Figs. 66 and 67), which represents the mouth of a
fish, and is an Ideograph for " An." It is the symbol
which represents the giving birth to water as the
Life of the World, and the Saviour who comes

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 191

to Egypt by water, as the water of the inundation,
or overflow of the Nile. When the ground was
parched and dry, the overflow of the inundation
occurred, and thus brought life, gladness, and
plenty to all those who depended on the fructifica-
tion of the soil, cultivated to maintain life, repre-
senting symbolically " The Water of Life," " The
Saviour of Life," etc., and in conjunction with
Fig. lo would represent originally the Great
One, the Great Saviour of Life, on which all must
depend. Various forms of this Symbol are to

ttt

a

ott

Fig. 68.

ixa

Fig. 69.

be found in iWales, Devon, and Cornwall, and in
other countries ; some of these forms are as
Fig. 68, but all have the same origin and
meaning.

When stones took the place of sticks, and the
knowledge of hafting had been attained — first
amongst the Nilotic Negroes— some of these
Nilotic Negroes represented this sign by a stone
axe, or double-headed hammer, as in Fig. 69, to
represent the Great One, the Great Prince. This
became of great importance, and amongst some
tribes a special hut was built for it. The Priest

192 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

and Great Chief were the only people allowed to
see it. This custom is still extant amongst the
Nilotic Negroes in Africa. 1 give here two copper
sacred axes which originally belonged to two native
chiefs or priests on the West Coast of Africa (a
and b) ; also some ancient sacred copper axes of

Sacred Axes.
Fig. 70.

the Egyptians (c). In the Stellar Cult it
became one of the Symbols representing Horus.
" The Great Chief of the Hammer " was one of
his names ; " The Cleaver of the Way," " The
God of the Double Power, or Double Equinox,"
were other names by which he was known.

n liji.;i»««Mt«iuLriM»'i

■ ill t!f

'^s I j II ^

>^

't:^

19?

194 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Perhaps the most important portrayal of this
Symbol which can be found anywhere is that
depicted on a Chaldean intaglio of green jasper in
the Louvre, Paris, because it proves so much when
correctly deciphered. See Fig. 71. It shows
that : I, it has been carried on from the Stellar into
the Solar Cult in its primitive form ; 2, that in
each case it identifies the same God under different
Cults and different names ; 3, it also shows that
the Chaldeans, Babylonians, and Assyrians ob-
tained their cult from the Egyptians — all this is
very important ; and 4, we find the same Symbol
depicted in some churches in the West of England,
especially in Cornwall, identically the same as is
found on this intaglio. In the centre (i) we see
depicted " Shamash " — their God — as rising from
the under-world through the Eastern Gate (2) —
that is in the morning — the Eastern Horizon. He
is depicted between the Egyptian
Hieroglyphic for the Horizon (2),
which is contained between the two
Pillars or Poles of North and South
(3 and 4), which are supported
by Hu and Sa (5 and 6) — these are attri-
butes. Hu denotes matter. Sa signifies Spirit —
i.e. the creation in blood and Spirit. The two
Pillars North and South denote that it is the
God of the North and South, as well as now East
and West— the God of the Four Quarters. On the

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 195

left side of this picture we have the Sacred Signs
and Symbols (7), brought on from the Stellar Cult,
giving the Ideograph, which enables us to decipher
and interpret the meaning of the picture. It will
be noticed that all the figures as here portrayed
are looking at the sacred name for the Risen
Lord (7). This Symbol is interesting. I have
already mentioned that the sign. Fig. 10, is the
Ideograph for Amsu in the Stellar Cult ; the
Risen Horus, or Horus in Spiritual form. This
is the principal part of the Symbol. At the bottom

V

Fig. 72. " Fig. 73.

of this sign we have the Symbol Fig. 72, which,
in sign language, reads "He descended." At the
top you have the Symbol Fig. 7;^, which, in
sign language, reads " He ascended." The God,
as seen here, is issuing in the morning from the
under-world ; it is the Risen Horus — Amsu, of
the Stellar Cult, brought on into the earliest Solar.
One arm is raised, the right, free and uplifted
with the Flail in his hand, a Symbol of Power,
Majesty, and Might. The other arm is not yet
free, the left. He wears the Double Crown, Earthly

196 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

and Spiritual. The three rays of light, seen on
each arm, Fig. 74, denote his spiritual form,
and give also the Ideograph for his name as that
of Atum-Iu— the first God of the Solar Cult.
Therefore, this figure is the first God of the Solar
Cult, Atum-Iu, as the symbols prove, and is the
same God Amsu-Horus brought on from the
Stellar, and has the same Ideograph for his name.
Here we have positive proof that the Chaldean,
Babylonian, and Assyrian God, Shamash, is the
Great God of the Double Horizon, or Double

Fig. 74. Fig. 75.

Equinox of the Egyptians, Atum-Iu in the earliest
Solar, Amsu-Horus in the Stellar, the Ihuh of the
Hebrews, Tandayudhaswami of the Hindoos, and
the lu of the Welsh Druids. This Sign and
Symbol, Fig. 75, you will find depicted on the
stone walls of many old churches in the West of
England, and the interpretation here is that it
represents Christ in His Spiritual form in the
Christian Cult. All one and the same Great God
from the old Stellar to this day.

The Cult of Horus of the Double Horizon is

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 197

very important in tracing the evolution of religious
conceptions and beliefs, as it gives the key to
unlock the mysteries of the past. The Sphinx w^as
cut out of the solid rock as an Ideographic Symbol
to represent the passage of Horus from one
Horizon to the other — symbolical, therefore, of
Horus of the Double Horizon or Double Equinox,
an early Solar Symbol and not Stellar. Thus these
Signs and Symbols, with their true interpretation,
will assist us to understand their true import, from
the time they originally came into being down to
the present, and why our old Brothers used them
as representative Sacred Signs and Symbols in
their Sign Language.

In the form of the Axe, from the Stellar it was
brought on in the Solar Cult as one of the Symbols
to represent the Great God Ptah ; the Great
Architect of the Universe was one of his names,
but he was also called the Great Chief of the
Hammer (see Ritual of Ancient Egypt). Figs. 76,
']'], and 78 represent the God of the Axe in
three forms. Fig. 76 represents Ramman, the
God of the Axe of the Susians. The horns here
signify Solar Descent. The hair and features are
those of " The Suk " of Africa. The Axe denotes
that he is " The God of the Axe," " The Cleaver
of the Way " — i.e. the Egyptian Horus of the
Double Horizon or Double Equinox. The Three
Rods or Rays of Light denote his name as that

198 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

of lu or lau. He is therefore the Atum-Iu of the
Egyptians. He is supported by his Four Brothers

Ramman, God of the Axe of the Susians.
Fig. 76.

— i.e. the Four Brothers or Children of Horus
here portrayed in human form for the first time,
as in the Stellar Cult these were represented by

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 199

Ramman, God of the Axe of the Chaldeans.
Fic. 77.

200 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Zootypes : Man, Lion, Ox, and Eagle. The hair
and features of these are the same as those of the
" Suk " of Africa, from whom they descended.

Fig. Ji represents Ramman, God of the Axe
of the Chaldeans. We have here a different type
of man from the Ramman -Susian ; he wears a
" conical hat and long robe," and his hair and
features show a later type of evolution ; yet we
find that he is also God of the Axe ; the interpreta-
tion of all the Symbols portrayed here proves
that these people had the same Cult or religion.
Ramman, the central figure, is shown as coming
forth from the under -world, one foot on the mount
of the Eastern Horizon ; above, we have portrayed
two Pillars, North and South, and two Horizons,
East and West, with the Sun depicted as rising
and setting in each. Therefore God of the North
and South, and God of the East and West. Below
this we have, on the left, the Ideograph " He
ascended " or " He has risen," and on the right
we have the Star with eight rays, with the centre,
which is a Symbol or Ideograph for the Chief or
Great One as the 8th — i.e. 7 -J- i, which was Stellar
and Luna first, and the earliest Solar form before
Ptah, who had the Cycle of 9. Below we see the
under-world depicted with the Solar orb traversing
it. This is Atum-Iu, God of the Double Equinox
or Double Horizon of Egypt, the same as we have
depicted with the other Gods.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 201

In Fig. y8, representing the Mexican God
of the Axe, Tepoxtecatl, it will be seen that the
Symbolism in all is identically the same, and proves

Tepoxtecatl, God of the Axe of the Mexicans.
Fig. 78.

that all these old Stellar, or Solar, Cult people
originated and came from Egypt. These Cults
were carried out of Egypt by our old Brothers
to many parts of the world, and the remains of

202 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

these found at the present day demonstrate my
claims as to the origin and evolution of the human
race. It proves that our Brotherhood originated
from the old Mystery Teachers of Egypt ; the
proofs brought forv/ard are irrefutable, both as
regards the Origin and Evolution of Man and the
Origin of our Brotherhood. In this case, how-
ever, it will be seen how ancient these people were.
The Axe here is made of stone, and not metal.

The proofs of these things are to be found
all over the world where these old Stellar and
Solar Cult p^iople lived. Many stones and build-
ings delineating the single or double Axe are to
be seen in this country in Devon, Cornwall, in the
Dolmens in Brittany, in Temples in America, and
other parts of the world. At Knossos Evans found
a Temple in the form of a double square, with
three cubes in the centre, one surmounting the
other, with this axe Ideograph on each, repre-
senting figuratively the Great One of the North
—i.e. Horus ; the Great One of the South— i.e.
Set ; the Great One of the Centre— i.e. Shu— the
three Grand Originals, as in Fig. 4.

It will thus be seen that the symbol of the Axe,
or gavel, has been handed down from the remotest
antiquity, but the symbohsm has not changed
through all the evolutions of the human race.
The few Symbols dealt with above go to
show : —

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 203

1. That our old Brothers believed in one Great
God, the Great Architect of the Universe.

2. That through all the various Cults that have
succeeded the one to the other, up to the present
day, it has always been the same God— the same
Great Architect of the Universe.

3. That the use of different names during the
evolution of the different races of mankind does
not alter the Spiritual facts ; that the same Signs
and Symbols, representing the G.A. of the U.
and His attributes, have been used from the first
to the last, under whatever name, and these are
numerous. I have found some 1,500, and there
are probably more.

It is interesting to understand why these
Symbols and Signs are found in many parts of
the world at the present day, and still used, not
only by us, but some by the Hebrews, some by the
Hindoos, many by the Chinese, Japanese, and
others found amongst the Totemic peoples in many
places in the world. Without knowing the Astro -
Mythology and Eschatology, and Ritual of Ancient
Egypt, we can never understand their meaning, or
decipherment, or give a true explanation of what
these old Signs and Symbols are. One can only
guess, and give theories, which nine times out
of ten are incorrect. It must be acknowledged
that all these could not have been developed by
several peoples — in many places in the earth,

204 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

separately or independently ; they are too uni-
versal. There must have been one common centre.
There was, and that was old Egypt. From Egypt,
or along the Valley of the Nile, man originated,
and spread throughout this earth. In old Egypt
he began to grow in stature and knowledge, and
from primitive faith man developed the higheist
religious doctrines. At first he had not the
language as we have now ; many of his ideas
were expressed in Signs and Symbols, and it is
clearly and distinctly evident that these were used
by these old Mystery Teachers to represent the
Great Architect of the Universe, and His various
attributes, and the doctrines of final things, when
they had no language of words to express their
thoughts as we have now.

As the old Egyptians progressed in knowledge
and wisdom, so exodes left and went to most parts
of the world— at least, the Stellar Cuh people did
— and many are extant at the present day, prac-
tising and believing in the old Stellar doctrine.
From the Stellar they developed into a higher
evolution — the so-called Solar Cult — and these went
to India, nearly all over Europe, landed at Yucatan
in Central America, and travelled down as far as
Peru. They were called the Incas there ; here
in Europe we called them the Druids. The
Hindoos were an early exodus of these. The
Hebrews or Jews were also an early Solar exodus.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 205

We have in our forms and ceremonies, Signs and
Symbols, the cult of these old Wise Men of Egypt,
and it is not difficult to trace back how we came,
and how all our Signs and Symbols have been
brought on. We must not think, as some people
do, that they worshipped these Signs and Symbols,
because they did not ; we will take as an instance
this so-called Idol, Tandayudhaswami, " if this was
a Figure or Symbol of the Great God Atum," as
lu, it must have been Atum they worshipped and
not the Symbol.

The old faith has never died, and we Free-
masons have it in the purest form, with the addi-
tions which indicate the progress of humanity.
Although we use the old Signs and Symbols as
ancient types, we have replaced these by a
language unknown to our old Brotherhood, in
which we have developed a higher Spiritual
terminology.

It is only within the last few years we have
been able to read the Hieroglyphics. Even now
we have very few students who can read and under-
stand their ancient Astro-Mythology, and the
evolution from this into their Eschatology, or their
doctrine of final things. No country has yet
attained again that high state of knowledge of
Astronomy and Mathematics that these old Mystery
Teachers possessed. They kept their wisdom to
one class— these in Egyptian were called the " Hir-

206 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Seshta/' the Mystery Teachers, their High Priests
— and much of their knowledge was communicated
in sign language. Their Sacred Signs and
Symbols were those they reverenced and treasured
mostly ; hence, from one cult these were brought
on into the next, sometimes altered somewhat,
either added to, or something taken from, to mark
the progress of the evolution of humanity. These
things can still be traced with unerring fidelity by
those who read the writings on the wall — up to our
present generation. All the faiths and cults at the
present day can be traced back to old Egypt and
nowhere else. It is an object-lesson to remind
us that without the belief in the Divine Creator
our Brotherhood could not remain cemented
together. That is the one point above all others
we believe in, although under different terminology,
and He is always The One and For Ever the Same
Divine Master, under whatever Signs or Symbols
portrayed.

X

SOME PROOFS THAT FREEMASONRY IS
PART OF THE ESCHATOLOGY OF
THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS

A Lecture delivered before the Humber Installed Masters'
Lodge, No. 2494, Hull, on November 7, 1913.

As you are well aware, of late years more especi-
ally, many students of Freemasonry have arrived
at the conclusion that our Brotherhood must have
originated far away back in past ages, because,
since the facilities of inter -communication have
become so easy, many who have travelled
much have found in India, China, Japan, Africa,
America, and other places, many of our sacred
Signs and Symbols connected with the religious
rites and ceremonies of the old inhabitants of
those places, but have been unable to form any
definite conclusions as to the why and wherefore.
Past and present writers on Freemasonry have
ignored all the origins of our Signs and Symbols,
because they were, and are, unacquainted with
the key to unlock the Mystery, and there are no

207

208 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

writings, or history, to help them that they can
read. But the origin of Freemasonry dates back
to the time when these Signs and Symbols were
first formed— six hundred thousand years ago is a
low estimate.

One of the earliest Temples of the old Brother-
hood was established at Edfu, in Egypt, by the
Priests of the Stellar Cult. The old Totemic
and Hero-Cult Nilotic Negroes had, through evolu-
tion, established this cult, with its beginnings of
the doctrine of final things-' They came up from
the south of the Nile Valley, where they had
already formed a secret society, calling themselves
" the followers of Horus " (or " the black-
smiths "). Descendants" of these still exist in the
Nile Valley — "the Kaverondo." They brought
with them the knowledge of working in metals
and of brickmaking and building. The Gemi tribe
of these were the religious part of this secret
society, learned already in astronomical observa-
tions and secret doctrines.

Horus, their Great Chief in Hero-Cult, was now
symbolized as " The Great God of the North and
South." Another of his titles was " The Chief
Artificer in Metals." " The Great Chief of the
Hammer " and many other titles were gradually
added as evolution progressed for the G.G. of
the U. (We have substituted T.C. for Horus —
Behutet— which latter was the Egyptian word for

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 209

the first artificer in metals.) These people estab-
lished the city of Edfu as their centre, and built
Temples for the G.A.U. throughout Egypt, after
driving out or exterminating the Pygmy and
Masaba Negroes, the original inhabitants (see
"Origin and Evolution of Primordial Man").
Thus a brotherhood in two phases was estab-
lished, the first being a religious sect, with their
Priests, having the astronomical and other know-
ledge ; and the second being the Builders, skilled
as artificers and brickmakers. Combined, these
were called the Mesniti or Mesintu, or the followers
of Horus, only another name, as the Christians
are called the followers of Christ. From the
Ritual of Ancient Egypt, still extant, we find that
the old Priests founded and established the Seven
Mysteries, afterwards called the Lesser Mysteries,
based upon Astro -Mythology. These were after-
wards increased to twelve in the Stellar Cult.
Of these, the first two were communicated to " the
Builders," who were now established in the seven-
teenth Nome of Upper Egypt. The Ari by name,
and those who were initiated into the First and
Second Mysteries, were taken for the builders of
their Temples.

These Builders were divided into Craftsmen
and Companions, and a Priest was placed over
them, and was initiated into the Third Mystery,
but he was not Operative. These Builders of the

15

210 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Temples were so initiated because the Priests
wished to keep the secrets of the Temples, and no
others were ever allowed to build or repair their
sacred places during the Stellar Cult. These were
the original Operative Masons, the descendants
of whom still exist, and, although these now have
a division of so-called seven degrees, which they
constructed out of the two mysteries, the original
was simply the First and Second Mysteries. I
think you will see that I am correct when I say
that they are still divided into two moieties, " The
Blue " and " The Red," also " The first four
Degrees " work with their hands, the others " work
with their heads " — these are known by the two
names of Craftsmen and Companions — so really
the old division is still kept. The Sacred Signs
and Symbols founded and established by the
learned priesthood had, however, another meaning
and definition from that which the Operatives were
taught — " A Sign Language " of their own, and
in a most profound and religious sense, which
was only known to the religious brotherhood, or
their Priests, and not to the Builders. It was from
these learned Priests that Speculative Masonry took
its origin. Thus you will see the origin of the so-
called Operative and Speculative Masons, of which
Anderson and all those Masonic writers who have
followed him, were ignorant. I do not propose
to follow the evolution of the Operative Masons

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 211

now, although I am well acquainted with all, and
could prove from photographs of some of the
Humboldt Fragments that they had their workings
in Central America the same as they have
here.

During the Stellar Cult, which lasted about
three hundred thousand years, the Old Egyptians
attained a high state of knowledge, and sent
colonies nearly all over the world ; the proof
of this can be demonstrated by the remains
of their old Temples which have been found,
and also their skeletons buried in the thrice
bent position, and with a definite class of
implements buried with them. Proof of this
is afforded by the translation of an inscrip-
tion found at Dendera, which also goes to show
how far advanced were the Stellar Cult people
in arts and writings. The literal translation as
the Egyptian words stand is : —

" Was found foundation great in Dendera, in
writings old in rolls of kids in the time of the
followers of Horus, was found between the wall
of brick of the South part in the reign of the
King of the Sun-beloved the son of Sun Lord of
diadems Phiops."

This, when translated into modern English,
would read : " That in the great foundation, in
Dendera, between the walls of brick at the
Southern part of the Temple, were found decayed

212 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

rolls of parchment with writings thereon of the
followers of Horus."

I bring forward this evidence that you may not
be carried away by enthusiasm, which some
Brethren declare I am exceedingly liable to in
my own case, and that I put forward theories
instead of facts. But let me assure you that I
belong to an honourable profession where we are
trained to think, reason, and sift the objective
and subjective proofs to the bottom. The facts I
lay before you are objective and capable of proof.

The Stellar Cult was followed by the Lunar,
and then by the Solar, and finally by the Christian
doctrines. At the time of the zenith of the Solar
Cult, at the latest, it is certain that they had estab-
lished ten more Mysteries, called the Greater
Mysteries, and worked out their Eschatology, or
doctrine of final things, and had established their
Sign Language and rituals for these. I do not know
how, or why, all these have been divided up into
thirty -three degrees as we have done, because in
all, the Stellar and Solar added together, I can
only make twenty-two. In the Stellar there were
seven at first, afterwards five more were added.'
In the Solar ten more were added, but many of
these were a different form of the Stellar. It was
an attempt to blot out the former cult, but at the

■ The Stellar Mysteries were, however, afterwards subdivided
into twenty-four.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 213

same time really bringing it on under a new name,
changing the original names by substituting others.
We in this Lodge have the old Stellar Mysteries,
but when you come to the eighteenth degree and
upwards, you change into the Solar with much
mixture of the Stellar, and some of the Christian
added, so you may be quite certain that ours
up to the R.A. are the Stellar or oldest, and,
although our traditional history only dates from
Solomon's Temple, you can be certain that it existed
thousands of years before the time of Solomon.

Let me here explain how you may always still
distinguish the old Stellar Cult buildings from the
Solar, and those which followed after. Wherever
you find the remains of two circles, these were
Stellar Cult Temples. They were built with twelve
monoliths, or twelve pillars for each circle, and
were pre-zodiacal, indicating the divisions of
heaven into twelve divisions of the North and
twelve divisions of the South ; these were two
separate circles. The Solar Cult people always
built with three circles (or in the form of
a Double Square), one representing the North
and another the South. The third was placed
between, the two circles bisecting each other like
links in a chain. These divided heaven into thirty-
six divisions. I do not mean you to understand
that only twelve stones were used in building each
Temple. There were as many used as in other

214 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

erections, but there were twelve monoliths, or
pillars of special import. These were placed out-
side the walls, sometimes inside the Temple.

The primary formation of the Temples was
round, and sometimes two were built together,
one North and one South. These were built when
Set was Primary God of the South. An example
of one of these can still be seen at Peking ; it
is there called The Temple of Heaven, the oldest
form found in China. Another exists in Central
America, known as the Temple of Set, at Tepe-
yollott, Mexico, as depicted in the Borgian Codex.
The formation of this Temple is round, and on
the top is one of the Syrnbols or Ideographic
names of Set— the God of the South. These two
Temples— one from China and the other from
Mexico— show that the first form of the Temples
was round, and that they were dedicated to Set —
the God of the South Pole, previous to Horus — ^the
God of the North. They also show how widely
distributed these old Primary Stellar Mythos
people were, and that the cult was one and the
same all over the world at this time. From evi-
dences contained in the Ritual, this Primary
Cult lasted about fifty-two thousand years before
the change to the North took place. Disbelievers
should estimate how long it must have taken man
to migrate these great distances, found communi-
ties, and erect Temples. Curiously enough, the

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 215

Symbol or Ideograph for the name of Set is still
used on some of the Government stamps and
official paper of some of the South American
States. In this country we now call it the Dimce's
Cap, or Fool's Cap.

The Chinese were Stellar Cult people originally,
but now there is much mixture of the Solar Cult
with these. The reason why they built in these
two circles was because they divided the heavens
into two divisions of North and South, portrayed
as two circles, as I have already stated. These
Temples therefore represented their circumpolar
paradise, within which " the house " of the G. A.
of the U. was situated. Remains of these two
circles can be found in many parts of the world
where the old Stellar Cult people went. In this
country I have recently examined some on Dart-
moor, Devonshire. Of course, you would not expect
to find anything but remains here now. We have
passed through several glacial epochs since these
were built, and they would be destroyed by the ice
and snow. You will also find three circles in many
places. These belong to the Solar Cult people.
You will find this fully set forth in the second
edition of " Signs and Symbols of Primordial
Man."

In these circular Temples the altar was circular,
and placed in the centre of the building. There
were in the primary Temples five steps, afterwards

216 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

seven steps, leading up to this. In most cases the
Temple was open at the top to the vaults of heaven,
so that a " Plumb Line " might come straight
from the Pole Star to the central altar. The seven
steps represent in the Egyptian " The Khuti,"
or the seven Glorious Ones— attributes of the G. A.
of the U., whose house is situated within this cir-
cumpolar enclosure. They also represent the seven
Great Spirits — the seven Sciences — the seven Eyes
— and many other sevens of the Scriptures. The
twelve Camps, and the twelve Banners of the
Children of Israel represent the original characters
in the Stellar Astronomical Mythology, and were
given first to the twelve Thrones, or divisions of
heaven in the Stellar Cult, and in the Zodiac
in the Solar. Thus, at first, they represented
twelve Stellar Powers, and that is the reason we
find the twelve Stones in these Circles. The
original characters in the Astronomical Mytho-
logy that were given the twelve Thrones, or Camps,
with separate and distinctive Banners in Zootype
form, in Egyptian are Set, Horus, Shu, Hapi, Ap-
uat, Kabhsenuf, Amsta, Anup, Ptah, Atum, Sau,
and Hu. These were the Kamite originals, brought
on and converted into the Banners of the Twelve
Camps, or Tribes, of Israel. The four principal
Banners in the R.A.C., depicting the man, lion, ox,
and eagle, took their origin from the four Brothers
or Children of Horus. These are to be found

THE ARCANA OF FREE\'ASONRY 217

all over the world wherever the Stellar Cult existed,
and appear under various names. The Temples
which were built after these were in the form of
the so-called " double square "—in the form of
our Lodges — and all Temples throughout the world,
after the circular, were in that form, which has
been retained ever since.

Another distinctive character between the
Stellar and Solar buildings was that all the old
Stellar Cult people's buildings were Iconographic.
By that I mean the G. A. of the U. and all His
attributes were depicted on these Temples in a
pre-human form — i.e. Zootype form. Men at this
time had not yet learnt to portray the human form
as human, and so these types were depicted as
snakes, birds, and other Zootype forms. Whereas
at the time of the Solar Cult all the attributes of
the G. A. of the U. were portrayed in the human
form. The transition stage was during the Lunar
Cult. These are the differences which will enable
you always to distinguish the one from the other,
ever remembering that both built with Polygonal
stones and monoliths. Another point I might
mention is that the cement used by the old Stellar
Cult people was much finer than that used by the
Solar. Good examples of each are still extant
in South Africa and Central and South America.
The fineness of this cement has caused many
writers and observers to state that there was no

218 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

cement used ; but others, of more acute observa-
tion, discovered that there was a very fine cement,
which was composed of granite very finely ground,
or of the same material as the principal stones
were composed of.

The Secrets of the Mysteries were to teach
man how to live here on earth, how to die, and
what he had to pass through after death before
he could finally enter Paradise, founded on the
belief of the death and disintegration of the
Corpus, and the Resurrection of the Spiritual Body
for eternity. The many eulogies that have been
showered upon Sir Oliver Lodge and the Bishop
of London, on account of their recent addresses,
prove how very little is known of the Old Egyptian
Eschatology. In neither of their addresses was
there anything new. In fact, the beliefs they ex-
pressed are as old as the Pygmies, as I have
proved these primitive people believed in a
Supreme Being, an after life, and propitiating the
Spirits of their departed friends, as well as the
elemental powers. During the time that elapsed
from the origin of these Pygmies to that grand
evolution of Eschatology of the old Hir-Seshta,
they had trained Spiritual Clairvoyants to undergo
Hypnotism and communicate with departed spirits.
This is still practised by some men of the present
day, but it is not given to every one. In fact,
very few have sufficient courage and patience to

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 219

attain the power, even if they have a good Spiritual
Clairvoyant as the connecting intermediary, which
is just as rare. Still, they do exist, and the laws
of this do not clash with " science or religion
—in fact, you must not only " be religious," but
also " scientific " to attain this power in its desir-
able form. Having gained that power, most
secrets of the Celestial and Terrestrial worlds are
available, or anything else that is right for one
to learn. But there are many things beyond a
certain point which cannot be explained for want
of adequate language or word, and through lack
of corresponding Symbol. But, as in the Egyptian
Eschatology, it is possible to discover who are
amongst the " blest," and who " have failed to
be justified," and who have found that the balance,
Maat, has weighed against them. It was under-
stood that ** no bad people " on earth could ever
attain this knowledge. It was only " the good
people here " that have sufficient power to send
the earthly living Spirit into the Circumpolar Para-
dise situated at the North, and have communion
with the Blessed there ; to be " Maa-Kheru,"
to come in and go out, and to whom all doors are
open. The old High Priests of Egypt obtained
much of their knowledge in this way, but through
the past dark ages, since the downfall of the
Egyptian Empire, the secrets have been known
to only a very few. Scientists are now beginning

220 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

to regain some of these secrets, thinking it is a new-
phase in the further development of the human
brain. But it is not ; it is old, and has been for-
gotten by the general masses of Scientists and
Priests. But the Ritual of Ancient Egypt will
give more knowledge on this subject than all the
present Scientists and Divines combined would
dare to give, even if they had the knowledge.

The wonderful manner in which these ancient
ideas have been preserved and carried to distant
parts of the world will be seen by a reference
to Fig. 78, which represents Tepoxtecatl, the
Mexican God of the Axe. From the Mendoza
Codex, No. 13, we find that the Mexicans,
when they began to spread beyond their Valley
of Quauhnauac, made war on Tepoxtlan.
They were told that this place was called
" The Place of the Axe," and that Tepoxtecatl
was the God of the Axe, a Great Seer of the
Hammer. Fig. 78 is reproduced from the Mexican
painting in the Biblioteca Nazionale, Florence,
in which the Axe is depicted in two forms, one in
his hand, a double axe, and a single axe in front
of him. He wears the double crown. Earthly and
Spiritual, and has the emblem of the God lu sup-
ported by four pillars, representing the four
brothers or Children of Horus ; the same is also
symbolized on his banner.

Fig. 79 represents the God of the Axe from

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 221

Tinogasta, Argentina, called their Uracoc'ha. The
same God is portrayed on the Monolithic Gate at
Tiahuanaco, Bolivia, at the south end of the Lake
Titicaca. Other names in South America, in

Con Tiesi Uracocha, God of the Axe, from Tinogasta.
Fig. 79.

different States, are Tonapa, Tarapaca, Irma, and
Iraya. These were all during the Stellar Cult. In
the Solar the name was Tachacamac, equal to Atum-
lu ; the full name in the Stellar Cult was Con Tiesi

222 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Uracocha. In this symbol his name is portrayed
by the two feat^hers on his head. The Itheophallic
Symbol, and Fan, denote a new life, the Spiritual.
The Fan was used in the Egyptian Mysteries to
signify a Spirit, and with the Itheophallic emblem
denotes the Resurrection of the Spirit. The
Christian Copts (Priests) still use this emblem,
but we have lost it. The Axe is supported by the
four Children of Horus, with the House of Heaven
(also depicted on the Fan) and the House of Earth
— i.e. The House of Earth and House of Eternity.
Beneath are portrayed the two Poles or Pillars of
the North and South, signifying that he is the God
of the North and South. On the extreme right
is the emblem of Sovereignty, Power, and
Might.

In Fig. 80 is a symbol of the God of the Axe
from Tepozteco, now in the Museum Trocadero.
The symbols on the front of the Conical Hat give
his name as lu, as also do the ear ornaments.
The Masonic Apron which is here portrayed will
be recognized quite readily.

As the latest confirmation that the origin of
these symbols came from Mother Egypt, I here
give some linear writing, or ancient script, found
by Dr. Morgan on a tablet in Egypt, which has
never before been translated. I am pleased to have
been able to accomplish this, and here give it for
the first time since the destruction of Ancient

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 223

God of the Axe of the Toltec, from Tepozteco.
Fig. 8o.

224 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Egypt. The Script is reproduced in Fig. 8i,
and, reading from right to left, may be thus
deciphered : —

Fig. 8i.

A It is written.

B Horus, God of the North and South.

C Saviour of the World.

D Beloved.

E Lord (or Son).

F lu.

G He descended, He ascended.

H Amsu ; the Risen Horus for Eternity.

Translated into the modern idiom, it would
therefore read : —

"It is written Horus, God of the North and
South, Saviour of the World, the beloved Son or
Lord lu. He descended ; He ascended. He is
now Amsu, the risen Lord in Spirit form, and
reigns for Eternity."

This form of writing is that which was used
during the time they were converting the pure
Hieroglyphic into Hieratic, which was a gradual
change, and must liave taken a considerable time.
A and D are Hieratic, and others the pure old

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 225

Hieroglyphics. The sign B, the Ideograph for
Horns, God of the North and South, was in this
form used in the Stellar Cult only. Here we
have the two Poles or Pillars of the North and
South supported by Hu and Sa — the two supports,
with the Ideograph Triangle for the name of Horus
between the Pillars at the top.

There are not any symbols of the two Horizons
here, because this was written during the Stellar
Cult, and the two Horizons did not come into
being until the early Solar Cult, when they changed
Horus God of the North and South, into Atum-Iu,
the God of the Double Horizon, East and West,
and he became the God of the Four Quarters, in
early Solar Cult in a different form from God
of the North, South, East, and West of the Stellar.
Still, it was the same god.

I do not think any further proof is necessary
to show the correctness of these statements, unless
perhaps you would consider a quotation from the
Ritual of Ancient Egypt necessary. In the XXX
Ch Ritual occur these words : " Heart mine which
is that of my Mother ; whole heart mine which
was that of my coming on Earth. Let there be
no estoppel against me through evidence, let no
hindrance be made to me by the divine circle :
fall through not against me in presence of him who
is in the Balance. Let not those Ministers who
deal with a man according to the course of his

16

226 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

life give a bad odour to my name. And lo !
though he be buried in the deep, deep grave, and
bowled down to the region of annihilation, he is
glorified, then— lo, how great art Thou — The
Triumphant One."

This shows and proves it was the Stellar Cult.
" The Mother " it was, and not " The Father."
The Father had not yet come into being — not until
the Solar Cult. The Glorious Ones, or " the
Divine Circle," were those attributes of Horus
represented symbolically by the Stars of Ursa
Minor. This text is very old, and there is one
copy on a Scroll in the British Museum.

If we merely consider the tokens of recognition,
the passwords, secret words, and the decorations
of the Lodges, according to the degrees into which
Modern Masonry is divided, we find that many
of them are taken from the V. of the S.L., and are
symbolical of events, real or imaginary, some of
which are said to have taken place in those com-
paratively modern times which followed the decline
and destruction of the old Egyptian Empire, and
marked the commencement of the Christian Era,
others as having occurred before the Christian Cult
commenced, others at the building of King Solo-
mon's Temple. All of which, some think, and
have stated, have nothing to do with the religious
Mysteries of the Egyptians that were in existence
many hundreds of thousands of years before.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 227

Where do those who positively affirm that all
these have not been derived from the Egyptians
suppose they originated? Whence did the above
obtain them? Recent discoveries have proved
beyond a doubt that all through Africa, Europe,
Asia, America, and many of the Pacific Islands,
during the Stellar period there was but this
one religious cult practised, taught, and believed
in by all. Their industries, arts, and sciences were
common and universally the same. The Signs and
Symbols that we use were theirs, as witnessed by
these still found amongst the ruins ; and the centre
of intellect, and origin, was Egyptian. I affirm
from personal observations and study, and it is
open to all students to confirm my observations
and translations, that these Signs and Symbols
still existing on the walls of Ancient Temples
and ruined cities in Africa, Asia, Europe, and
America, as well as many islands in the Pacific,
are identical in every form and shape with those
now used amongst the Brotherhood, and I further
maintain that these translations of their Rituals,
which we have now discovered and can read, are
analogous to our own ; at the same time, 1 must
say that many innovations have naturally been
made, because it became necessary to replace those
secrets that were lost, and also to meet the higher
state of evolution which mankind has now reached.

I cannot now enter into the question of how.

1

228 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

when, and where these Symbols and Rituals first
came to this country^ but if you follow the progress
and evolution of the human race, its migrations,
arts, sciences, and religious cults, in the various
waves of exodes from Egypt, the rise and fall
of the different Empires that have taken place, the
results and effects upon peoples that flourished in
latitudes down to 50 degrees, by the Glacial Epoch
recurring every, 25,827 years — the destruction of
the old Egyptian Empire over five thousand years
ago, followed by fire, sword, and a dark and
degenerate age of all that pertained to their old
civilization — you will begin to understand a little,
and when you consider how tenacious mankind is
of the religious doctrines that they have been
taught, and brought up in, by, their fathers and
mothers, you will understand that, in spite of all
the persecution they were subjected to by the
Roman Priesthood, there would be many in various
countries who would secretly cling to and carry
on their old beliefs.

Herodotus states that all the Zoroastrian,
Dionysiac, Serapism (or Greek), Mithrasism,
Samothracian, Pythagorean, and Eleusnian Mys-
teries were obtained from the Ancient Egyptians,
and that most of these were initiated into these
Mysteries by the Pelasgians, who stated that they
were initiated into these Mysteries by the
Egyptians. Then the Stellar Cult people travelled

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 229

and settled in most parts of Africa, Asia, Europe,
America, North and South, and many islands of
the Pacific, and the Solar followed them into Asia,
Europe, and some parts of America. The Chinese
and most of the Japanese are still Stellar Cult
people, but now much mixed with the Solar. The
Druids, Incas, and Hindoos were all Solar Cult
people. The Druids, or Culdees, existed here until
quite a modern date, and then some of their Priests
joined the Christian Church. The oldest churches
in the West of England and other places bear
witness of how they brought over some of their
Sacred Signs and Symbols with them, introducing
the same as Symbols of the new Cult.

During the dark and degenerate ages of nearly
five thousand years, records were destroyed ; we
have no history of the past hundreds of thousands
of years of this world's existence. Socialism crept
in after the dissensions amongst the Priests them-
selves, followed by fire and sword, and the destruc-
tion of literature, arts, and sciences followed. This
has always been the history of past great nations.
History repeats itself. But our Brotherhood has
inherited a sacred legacy ; after being scattered
over the face of the earth and water, we have
come together again, in spite of the persecution of
the Roman Priesthood, and it now rests with the
Brotherhood throughout the world to say if we
shall in the future establish that one human

230 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Brotherhood as of old, founded on the belief of a
Divine Creator, and an Eternal and Everlasting
Spiritual Life hereafter, grasping the opportunity
to consummate that which must be the dream
of every Freemason ; or shall we, through dis-
sension, apathy, and want of universal combination
with our Brotherhood, further postpone it to future
generations?

The past evolution of the history of the human
race has been an object-lesson to remind us that,
without the belief in the Divine Creator, our
Brotherhood could not remain cemented together.
That is, and must be, our object above all others,
and although we find various terminology used
for Him, under different organizations and in the
various cults, as these have risen and been replaced
by others. He is always " The One, and for ever
the same Divine Master, under whatever Sign and
Symbol — ^the Great Architect of the Universe."

Remember that, for Freemasonry to exist, there
is no way of standing still — it must progress or it
must fall ; the human intellect is again expand-
ing after all the dark ages we have passed through,
a dark and deep pit of ignorance), out of which
we cannot be extricated except by the Egyptian
ladder. With the example of a great universal
past, we have the opportunity of making a great
universal future Brotherhood, as of old. Grant
that this may be speedily consummated.

- XI

THE FOUR CARDINAL POINTS

As the Four Cardinal Points are brought into
prominence in the various Masonic Degrees, and
as many very erroneous ideas exist as to the origin
and meaning of what is taught with regard to
them, their real origin, meaning, interpretation,
and symbolisms will be of interest here.

The full explanation necessitates reference to
some of the decipherments I have already given
to prove the association of the progressive evolu-
tions of the human race, with regard to the Four
Cardinal Points. The Old Mystery Teachers of
Egypt mapped out, or divided, the Heavens first
into two divisions. South and North. The
" Points " being the two Pole Stars, resting on the
Horizons, as seen in the centre of Africa, " Points
which never changed with time," represented sym-
bolically as Set and Horus, Twins of the Great
Mother, " the Two Primary Gods," symbolized by
two Poles or Pillars or two Eyes, and sometimes
by two Circles. These also represented Light and

232 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

Darkness, also the two Seasons of the Old
Egyptian Year. The old Egyptians first divided
their year into (i) the Season of Summer Water,
(2) the Season of Winter Drought. Also these
were called the two original " Ancient Ones." It
was at this time the two Cardinal Points— North
and South=Set and Horus— " first came into
being." The next phase was Heaven being divided
into three divisions, or " triangular form," with
the God Shu added to the two above, placed at
the Equinox, forming the Primary Trinity.

These three represented the first three Sons, or
Elementary Powers, born of the Great Mother,
and symbolized in Egypt in one form by " The
Water Cow," the Crocodile, and the Lion : repre-
senting (i) Light, (2) Darkness, (3) the breathing
power, or Winds. Also they represented the three
Seasons, into which the Egyptians had then divided
their year— i . The water season, represented sym-
bolically by Horus ; 2, the season of wind, or
breath of life, and of the Equinoctial gales, by
Shu ; 3, the season of Dryness and Drought, by
Set ; called (i) the Water Season, (2) the Green
Season, and (3) the Dry Season. The Signs and
Symbols for which were (i) Water, (2) Grow-
ing Plants, (3) a Barn or Storehouse indicating
that the harvest was gathered. The names in
Egyptian for these Seasons are Se, Pir, Semon.

The three Seasons of four months led to the

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 233

circle of the Ecliptic being measured and divided
into three parts, i.e. a Triangular division. The
Egyptian month was divided into three weeks of
ten days each, which obviously corresponded to
the Heaven of the Triangle, the tripartite Ecliptic
and the three Seasons of Egypt. Many other
forms of the first three elementary spirits or attri-
butes of the G.A.U. might be mentioned, but they
do not concern us here.

In the next progressive evolution the Old
Mystery Teachers divided Heaven into four
Quarters, as a Square with four sides, in which
may be traced " four houses." This division into
four Quarters was first symbolized by a man and
then by the crossing of two men, as is proved by
the s>Tnbols found depicted in the tomb of Nagada
(see Fig. 59). This was the origin of the
Swastika, which proves this Sign and Symbol
to be that of the four Quarters. At the Cardinal
Points, North, South, East, and West, of which
the latter two had '* now come into existence,"
were stationed the four Brothers or Children of
Horus, as the four supporters and protectors of
the Four Cardinal Points, and the supporters and
bearers of each Quarter. Therefore we find that
" Two Cardinal Points, North and South " were
first formed, or founded, many thousands of years
before the other two, namely East and West. Now
at each Cardinal Point one of the four Brothers

234 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

of Horus was assigned a place. These are the
children of Horus who stand on the Papyrus plant,
or Lotus, born of water, in the new Kingdom
that was founded for the Father by Horus the
Son. Two of these children, Tuamutef and
Kabhsenuf, are called the two fishes (Ritual,
ch. 113), and elsewhere the followers of Horus
are the fishers or fishermen. Horus was teacher
of the Lesser Mysteries in his first advent, and
teacher of the Greater Mysteries in his second
advent. And this is the reason why we find Four
Cardinal Points in the Stellar Cult, as well as in
the Solar, although it has been often overlooked
by Egyptologists. But when Shu " lifted up the
Heavens " (which I have already explained), the
Cardinal Points, East and West, were added to
the attributes of Horus, as God of the East and
West, as well as North and South, and the four
Brothers were assigned to these points. These
were called Brothers in the Stellar Cult and
Children in the Solar. They were four out of
the divine circle of twelve which was established
first in the Stellar Cult, and in Ritual, ch. 30,
they are referred to "as being on the side Lord'
of Horus," i.e. with him in his youth, or earthly
career.

This refers to the resurrection as it was ren-
dered in the Eschatology. Thus when Horus rose-
again upon the Mount, he was accompanied by^

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 235

the Spirits of the Four Corners, or Cardinal
Points, with whom his fold was founded (Ritual,
ch. 97). These four being added to the three
Primary made up the Seven Great Spirits of the
Stellar Cult, called the " Khuti " or " Glorious
Ones." These seven were symbolized as
(i) Sebek-Horus, the Crocodile ; (2) Set, the
Water Bull ; (3) Shu, the Lion ; (4) Hapi, the
Ape ; (5) Tuamutef, the Jackal ; (6) Kabhsenuf,
the Hawk ; (7) Amsta, the Man. Thus we have
the three Primary in the Triangle and four in
the Square ^ the Seven Great Spirits of Heaven
and Earth. The new Heaven was thus estab-
lished on the Four Quarters that were founded
upon the solstices and equinoxes, and

These four (i) Hapi, (2) Tuamutef, (3)
Kabhsenuf, and (4) Amsta, were stationed at the
Four Cardinal Points.

As Egyptian, they are four Great Spirits at the
four comers of the Mount of Heaven, and in
Revelation they are the " four angels standing at
the four comers of the Earth, holding the four
winds of the Earth (Rev. vii. i). (See later
representation in Calendar wheel of Duran.) The
Kamite Four, reproduced in Revelation as the
four living creatures — the first creature like a
Lion, the second like a Calf, the third had the
head of a Man, and the fourth creature like a
flying Eagle (Rev. iv. 7)— these four, under

236 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

whatever names or forms, are the same, and their
duties are the same in whatever part of the world
found. In their primary form they are " the four
Hving creatures " with the eyes, which as Egyptian
are Ape-headed, Jackal-headed, Bird-headed, and
Human -headed .

In a secondary phase they were given the human
figure, and both forms of the four are repeated in
the Revelation of John. According to Revelation,
" the four living creatures " are full of eyes round
about and within, and they have no rest day and
night, as they are moving round for ever with
the sphere. Being astronomical figures, the eyes
of these were the Stars. In the Ritual, the four
are Eyes symbolically, or the stars of the Four
Quarters.

The vignette to Chapter 148 of Ritual portrays
them as the four Eyes, or guiding Stars, one to
each Quarter, North, South, East, and West. They
are spoken of in the Ritual as the Divine Powers =
his children or brothers as the four supports of the
future Kingdom (Ritual, ch. 112) and the Four
Glorious Ones (Ritual, ch. 92).

The Egyptians now divided their year into foui
Seasons, which would roughly correspond to oui
Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter, represented
in one phase by the Symbolic Brothers— one for
each Season.

These four Brothers, or Children, of Horus, pro-

1

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 237

tectors of the Four Cardinal Points, and supporters
of the Four Quarters, are very important in helping
us to trace man and his cults throughout the world.
I am giving the decipherment of some of the
Signs and Symbols representing these, found in
various parts of the world, which have never been
deciphered before or interpreted by any one, so
that my readers will find it easier to understand

P f

Fig. 82.

the mysteries of the past, and their connection
with " the Marchens," and the reasons for the
importance attached to the Four Cardinal Points
in Freemasonry.

The Egyptian Originals were the Elementary
Powers, or Spirits, in Totemic Sociology, divinized
in the Stellar Cult, and brought on in various forms
through the Lunar, Solar, and Christian doctrines.

Fig. 82 reproduced here, gives the Egyptian

238 THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY

symbolic representation, and is taken from
Bunsen's Dictionary.

They represented " the Signs " for the Four
Cardinal Points of Heaven in the division of four,
as a square. Afterwards four Consorts were
assigned to them, representing half cardinal points,
or Heaven in the division of eight, in one
form.

Amongst the Stellar and Solar Cult peoples
throughout the world we find various names for
these, but their places and duties were always
identical, as may be seen and is proved by the
following. The reason for the different symbolifi-
cation in representation is because the " fauna "
as models for Zootypes were different in each
country.

Amongst the Mexicans these were called —

•Vflme

1. Tecptl

2. Tochtli

3. Acatl

4. Calli

Cardinal
Points

Name 0}
Consorts

Sign or Symbol Colour

North Flint Knife or Shell White Cipactli

South Rabbit or Hare's Yellow Cozcaquanhtli

Head

East A Reed or Cane Red Michitzli

growing in Water

West A House Black Ozomatli

Amongst the Mayas-

1. Zac-Bacab =

2. Kan-Bacab =

3. Chac-Bacab =

4. Ek-Bacab ^

The White Bacab who stood at the North.
The Yellow Bacab who stood at the South.
The Red Bacab who stood at the East.
The Black Bacab who stood at the West.

THE ARCANA OF FREEMASONRY 239

Amongst

the Zapotecs—