Section 81

Makf a }l A Glif? is made that will make many reprefemations, that is, that many things may be feen at crce .for bv opening and Hunting it , you fhall fee twenty fingers for one, and mere. Y^u (bail nuke it thus : Raife two brafs Looking-glaffes, or of CryHal, at right Angles upon the fame balls , and let them be in a proportion called fe'qi i- altera, thac is. one and half, or Icmeother proportion, and Jet them be joyned together longways , that they may befhur and opened, like to a Book ; and the An- gles be Hi ers, iuch as are made at Vet ice : For one face being ov jc£ted,you fhall fee many in them both, and this by fo much the fltaighter, as ycuput them together, and the Angles arelefs : butrhey will be diminifhed by opening them, and the Angles being more cbiufe, vou fhall fee the fewer: fofhwing oce figure, there will be more feen: and farther, the right parts will fhew right, and the left 10 be the left, which is contrary to Looking-* laffe^ ; and ttiis is done by mutual reflexion and pul- iation, whence arifcth the variety of Images intcrchangably. We may
M-Me a Glafs of plain Glaffesy wherein one Image comings is feen going backjn another. Take two plain Glaffes , the length whereof fhall be double, or one and half to the latitude, and that for greater convenience ? for the proportion is rot material, but let them be of the fame length, and equal, and laid on the top of a Pillar, incli- ning oneto the ether, and fojoyn'd together; and let them be fet upright upon fome plain place perpendicularly, iothe Glaffes fa(tned,may be moved on the move- able fid?. It is no doubt but vou (hall fee the Image to come in one , and go back in the other Glafs ; and the more this comes neer, the farther will the other go j and in one will it be feen coming, and in the other going. Alfo you may fee
In plain Glaffes thofe things that are done afar off. and in other places. So mav a man fecretly fee,and without fufpition,what is done afar off, & in other pla- ces,which otherwrfe cannot be dote : but you mult be careful in fetting ycur Glaffes. Let there Ke a place appointed in a houfe or elfe where,- where you may fee any thing, and fet a Glafs right overt ainft your window, or hole, that may be toward your face, and let it be fet ftraight up if need were , or faftned to the wall, moving it here
558 Natural Magick. 'Bool^ 17.
and there, and inclining it till it reflet right againft the place; which you fhall at- tain by looking on it, and coming toward it : and if it be difficult, you cannot mi- ftake, if you uie a quadrant or fome fuch inftrument • and let it be fet perpendicular upon a line, that cuts the Angle of reflection , and incidence of the lines , and you (ball clearly fee what is done in that place. So it will happen alio in divers places. Hence it is, that if one GUIs will not do it well, you may do the fame by more Glaf- fes* or if the vifible Object be loft by too great a diftance, or taken away by walls or mountains coming between • moreover, you (hall fit another Glafs juft againft the former, upon a right line , which may divide the right Angle , or elfe it will not be done, and you fhall fee the place you dcfire. For one Glafs fending the Image to the other tenfold , and the Image being broken by many things, flies from the eye and you fhall fee what you firft li^ht upon, until fuch time as the Image is brought to you by right lines , and the vifible Object is not ftopt by the windings of places or walls : and the placing of it is eafie. So oft-times I ufe to convey Images of things. But if otherwife you defire to fee any high place , or that ftands upright, and your eye cannot difcern it ; fit two Looking- glafles together long- ways , as I faid, and faften one upon the top of a port or wall, that it may ftand above it , and the Object may ftan you pleafe, and that it may make with the firft fomctimes a blunt, fometimes a fharp Angle, as need requires, until the line of the thing feen, may be refracted by the mid- dle of the fecond Glafs to your fight , and the Angles of reflection and incidence tfe equal ; and if you feck to fee high things, raife it ; if low things, pull it down, till it beat back upon your fight , then (hall you behold it. If you hold one of them in your hand , and look upon that, it will be more cafily done. 1 fhew you alfo
How to make a Glafs thxt fhall fhew nothing but what you will. Alfo a Glafs is fo fnmed, that when you look into it , you fhall not fee your own pi- cture, but fome other face, that is not feen any where round about. Faften a plain Glafs on a wall upon a plain , fet upright perpendicularly , and bow the top of it to the known proportion of the Angle: right againft it cut the wall,accordingas the pro- portion of fome Picture or Image may require , and fet it by it , according to a fie diftance, and cover it, that the beholder may not fee it (and the matter will be the more wonderful) nor can come at it : The Glafs at a fet place will beat back the Image , that ihere wiil be a mutual glance of the vifiSle Object and the fight, by the Looking-glaffes : there place your eye ; you fhall find that place, as I taught you be- fore. Wherefore the fpectator going thither , fhall neither fee his own face, nor any thing elfe befides : when he is oppofed to it, and comes to the fet place, he fhall fee the Image or the Picture, or fome fuch thing , which he can behold nowhere elfe. You fhall now know
How a Glafs may be made of plain Glajfes, whereby you may fee an Image flying in the Air, Nor is that Glafs of lefs importance, or pleafure, that will reprefent men flying in the Air. If any man would doit,it is cafily done thus : Fit two pieces of wood toge- ther like a fquare or gnomon of a Dial, and being well faftned, they may make an Angle as of a right angled triangle , or Ifofceles. Faften then at each foot one great Lookiag-glafs , equally diftant, right one againft the other, and equidiftant from the Angle: let one of them lye flat, and let the fpectator place himfclf about the middle of it, being fomewh at rai fed above the ground, that he may the more eafily fee the form of the heel going and coming : for prefently you fhail perceive, if you fet yonr felf in a right line, that cuts that Angle, and it be equidiftant to the horizon. So the reprefenting Glafs will fend that Image to the otber, which the fpectator looks into, and it will ftiake and move the hands and feet , as Birds do when they fly. So fhall he fee his own Image flying in the other, that it will always move, fo he de- part not from the place of reflection, for that would fpoil it.
CHAP.
Of jlrange Cjlajfes.
Cnap. III.
A Looking" gla[s called a Theatrical Glafs*
P Rupert Articcity found outa Looking-glaf* made of plain Glalffs, wherein if one Object might te leen, Jt would repreient more Images of the fan ie ti.ing; as we ma, pen.ei\e by If me writirgs, that go in Vtolomies came. Lalfly, I tTizll add to this what cur age hath invented, that is far more admirable and pieafanr. Wherefore
To make an Ar.tiextftfhioxed Lookirg- glafs of f lain G.lajfes, wherein mere Ttfiures wiUbe reprefenttd of the /; me thtng.
The way is this ; make a ha! f circle on a plain Table, or place where you defire luch a Glafs to be fet up; ard divide this equally with points according to the number of the Images you would fee. Make fubttndcnt lines to them, and cut away the arches ■ i hen ere ct plain Leoking-glaffes , that may be of the lame latitude , and of the fame parallel lines, ard the lame longitude} glew them faft together, and fit them 10, that they may not be pulled afunder , as they are joy red long- ways , and ere&ed upon a plain iuptrfkies. Laftly,lct the fpc&aior place his eye in the cen- tre ot ihe circle, thsr he may have his fight umform,in iefpcc5t of them all ; in each of them you (hall fee a feveral face , and fo quite round, as we fee it often when peo- ple dance round , or in a Theatre , and therefore k is called a Theatrical Glafs : For from the centre all the perpendicular lines fall upon the luperficies , and they are re- flected intothrmfelves ; fothey rtfieft the Images upon the eye, each of them draw- ing forth its own. This is the Artients way of making a Theatrical Glafs ; but it is childifh: 1 will (hew ycu ere that is far more pJeafant , and wonderful; forinthc f«»mer, the Images were feen cc more than the GlafTes were in number ; but in our Glafs, by the rraaifold and reciprocal dartings of the Object and the Glafs, you may fee fai mcre,anc aimcft in. cii e Images. The way is this.
Hew to m*ke an t/fmphitheatrital ' Glafs,
Make a circle on a Table what la fcenefs ycu defire, and divide it into unequal parts j and in the place where the Ctj void fpaces : ever againft the parts, let a right line be made upon the lines that de- termine the parts , let Lcckirg-glatfes be rai'ed perpendicularly ; for the face that Cull be againft the Looking- glafs, placed in the micdle, will fly back to the beholder of it, and lo rebounding tc anctrer, : nd frcm that to another, and by many rcfl ons you foall fee almoft infinite faces, ard the more the GlafTes are, the more will be the faces s Jf you fet a Candle againft it , you fhall fee innumerable Candles. But if the Glaffes you eree>, (rail f- e ot tbofe already defcribed, from fo many divers faces of Affes, Sows, Horfes, Dogs ; ard of colours, yellow, Brown, red, the fpefta- tcrs fhall fee afar more wcrderful ard plealant fight, for by reafon of the manifold If flection, and diversity of the forms of the GlafTes, and colours, an excellent mix* tuie willarife.
But I will now make one that is far more wonderful and beautiful. For in that the beholder (ball not fee his own face, but a moft wonderful, and pleafant, and orderly form of pillars , and the bafis of them, and variety of Architecture. Make therefore a circle as you would have it for magnitude , but I hold the beft to be where the diameter is two foot and a half: di- vide the circumference into equal parts ; as for exam- ple,into fourteen ; the points of the divifions (ball be the places, where the pillars muft be ere&ed. Let the place where the fpe&ator muft look i contain two parts ; and take one pillar away, fo there will be tbir-
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teen pillars : Let one pillar be right againtt the fight ; then raife Looking- qhffej ttp*> on the lines of ipacc bet ween, aoccxa&ly, but inclined: place then iwoLcokin°- glatlesatoppcfnion in aright line , but the reft about the beginning, where they joyn , and that fcr no other teafon , but that the beholders face , being not rightly placed, may not be refkaed, as I laid before : for thus the Glaffes will not reprefent taccs, but pillars, and 1 paces between, and all ornaments. Hence by the recipro- cal rcfledhoB of the Giaffe* , ycu fhall fee io many pillars, bafis, and varieties, keepin* the right cracr of Architc&^re, that nothing can be more pleafant, or more wonder- ful to behold.Letihe peifpe&iVe be the Dorick and Corinthian, adorned with Gold, Silver, Ptarls, Jewels, Images, Piaures, and fuch like , that it may fecm themore Magnificent : the form of it fhall be thus. Let H. G. be the place for the behcldcr to
loek:c he pillar againli him fhal be A,in iheGlals A B, or AC, the face of the beholder (hall net be feen, but A B is reflected into I H, and I H into B D, fo by mutual reflections they are fo multiplied, that theyieemtogo vety far inwardly, fo clearly and apparently, that no fpe&ator that looks into it , unlefsbe know it, but hewillthruli his hands into touch the orders. If you let a Candle in the middle , it will fecm fo to multiply by the I- mages rebounding, that yon fhall not fee fo many Stars in the skies , that you can never wonder enough at the Order, Symmetry, and the Profpea. I have raifed and made this Amphitheatre divers ways , md to fhew other orders, namely two ranks of pillars, fo that the one fluck to the Glaffes , the other Rood alone in the middle, bound with the thief Arches, and with divers Ornaments, that it may fecm to be a moff beautiful Pcrfpcaiveor Arcbiteaure. A 'molt the fame way is there made a little cheft of ma- ny plain Glaffes, covered round : this they call the Treafury : on theground,arches and walls, were there Pearls, Jewel?, Birds, and Monies hanging , and thefe were fo multiplied by the reflcaions of the Glaffes , that it reprefented a mcft rich Trea- fury indeed. Make therefore a Cheft of wood , let the bottom be two foot long, and cne and half broad; let it be open in the middle, that you may well thruft in your head; on the right and left hand, ereathe fide-boards a foot long, femicircn- lar above, that it maybe arched, but not exactly circular, namely, divided into five parts, each a hand-breadth. Cover this all about with Glaffes ; where the Glaffes joyn, there put Pearls, Ptcticus-ftones, fpecious Flowers, divers colour'd Birds: a- bovc the bottom fct heaps of Gold, and Silver Meddals ; from the Arches, let there han° Pearls, fleeces of Gold ;for when the Ccffer is moved gently, they will move alfoj'and the Images will move in the Glaffes, that it will be a pleafant fight.
Chap. IV.
Diver j operations of Concave- Glares.
BUt the operations of Concave-glaffes are far more curious and admirable, and will afford us more commodities. But you can do nothing perfealy with it, untiryou know fir ft the point of inverfion. Therefore that you may do it the better, and more eafily
Know the poixt of Inverfion of Images in a Concave- glafs9 Do thus: Hold your Glafs againft the Sun, and where you fee the beams unite, know that to be the point of Inverfion. If you cannot well perceive that , breathe a thick vapour from your mouth upon it, and you fhall apparently fee where trie coincidence is of the rcfleaed beams ; or fet under it a veffel of boyhng water. When you have found the point of Inverfion , if you will
Of ftrange (jlajjes*
That all things {hall feem greater.
Set your head below that point, and you fhall behold a huge Face like a monflrous Bjcchus , and your finger as great as your arm : So women pull hairs off their eye- brows, for they will (hew as great as ringers. Seneca reports that He[tim made fuch Concave-Glaffes, that they might make things fhew greater ! He was a great pro- voker tohift ; fo ordering his Glafles, that when he was abufed by Sodomy, he might fee all the motions of the Sodomite behind him, and delight himfelf with a falfe re- prcfentation of his privy parts that fhewed fo great.
To kindle fire with a fincave G/afs. This Glafs 13 excellent above others, for this, that it unites the beams foftrongly,that it will fhew forth a light Pyramis of its beams, as you hold it to the Sun ; and if yell put any combufiible matter in the centre of it , it will prefently kindle and flame, that with a little flay will melt Lead or Tin, and will make Gold or Iron red hot : and I have heard by feme, that Gold and Silver have been melted by it ; more (low- ly in winter, but fooner in fummcr, becaufe the medium is hotter; at neon rather than in the morning, or evening for the fame reafon.
To make an Image feem to hang in the Atr^ by a Concave- Glafs.
This will be more wonderful with the fegment of a circle , for it will appear farther from the Glafs. If you be without the point of Invcrfion , you fhall fee your head downwards. That with fixed eyes , and not winking at all , you may behold the point, until it comes to your very fight: For where the Cathetus fhall cut the line of reflexion, there the fpecics reflected will feem almoft parted from the Glafs : the neerer you are to the Centre, the greater will it be, that you will think to touch ic with your hands : and if it be a gnat Glafs > yeu cannot but wonder ; for if any man run at the Glafs with a drawn fword , another man will feem to meet him, and to run through his hand. If you fhew a Candle, you will think a Candle is pendu- lous lighted in the Air. But if you will