Section 22

Almonds and Qhcft'nuts with a, [oft {hell, tnd this is by skill in dreffing the Trees. If you would foften and alter the fruit, we muftapply the root with Swins-dung: for this is a very forcible worker* likewife often digging will caufe both the plants to profper better, and the fruit to become better alio: for the kernels will be fmaller, in fuch fruit as have any ftoncs in them; and fuch fruit as grow in (hells or rincs, as Almonds, and Cheft-nuts, will have the fofrer ihell without, and the larger kernel within: for the grea- ter ftore of nourifliment there is applyed to the Tree, the moiflcr it is, and the fubftance of the fruit is fo much the more encrcafed. Bat T4lla» dius would pcrfwade us, that if we rid away the earth from the rootes
P of
90 Of the TroduBion of new Tlants.
of the Almond-tree fome certain daies before it begin to blcflom, and all that while apply them with warm water , we fhall hereby procure the Almond-ftiels to be very tender. If we would procure
"that kinde of Nut which it called Nux Tarentina, the fame author Damageron hath fhewed us how to do it. Every Nut and Almond will yeeld a mild fruit with a tender (hell, if we continually apply the body and root of the tree with pouring afhes upon them ; and likewife all other kind of fruits that grow in any (hell or rine, maybe fo wrought upon, and will fiiffer the like alteration by the like means pra&ifed upon them. If you would procure a 1 arentine Nut, TaUadim faith, you muft water the Tree with Lye thrice a moreth throughout a whole year , and fo you may obtain your purpofe. Others efh& fuch alterations by corrj&ing the plants; as, by cutting off the tops of the roots. If the Nut be too hard melled, you may alfo remedy it by cutting and paring rff the bark of the Tree, as Damageron fheweth ; for by this means you draw down thathaifh and wilde humour: The reafon whereof is, becaufe the bark of the Tree anfwereth to the fhell of the fruit, as the pith of the Tree aniwereth to the kernel of the fruit: and therefore, as to amend the inner kernel we abated the pith, lo to foften or amend the utter (hell or rine of the fruit, we muft abate the ut- ter bark of the Tree. A thing which we have obferved by another like example : for a Peach being engraffed upon a bitter Almond-tree, the pill of the fruit thence growing was fo bitter, that it could not be eaten till the pill were pared cff. This fecret may dead you in many other experiments of the like kind. Bur this kind of Nut which we now foeak of, I have growing in my own Orchard, and it hath fuch a tender fhell, and fo thin, that as foon as ever it is but touched, the fhell faJls off,and the fruit is bare and naked. Florentine affayed to produce
An Almond without a(hell, on this manner : He break the fhell very charily, fo that the kernel was kept whole ; then he took wooi, and fometimes green leaves of the Vine or of the Plane-tree, and wrapt about the kernel, left if he mould have fet it without any covering about ir, the Emots or fuch like vermine mould have gnawn it. Columella fheweth another device whereby we may procure
A Filberd to become a 7 'arentine Nut. When you have made your pit wherein you purpofe to fet your Nur, put into it a little earth, about half a foot deep, and there plant the feed of Fennel-gyant ; and when the Fennel is come up, cleave it, and within the pith of it put your Filberd without any fhell upon it, and fo cover it all over with earth : this if you pracYife before the Calends of March, or betwixt the Nones and the Ides of March, you (hall have your purpofe. They prefcribc likewife another device, whereby
Gouyds may bring forth fruit without any feeds within them : The Gourd, fay they, will grow feedlefs, if you take the firft branch or fprig of a Gcurd when it is a little grown up , and bury it in the earth as they ufe to deal by Vines, fo that onely the head thereof may appear; and fofoon as it is grown up again, to bury it lb again : but we muft have a fpecial care that the flips which grow op out of the ftalk be cut away, and none but the ftalk left behind j fo (hall the fruit that grow« upon it, whether it be Gourds or Cucumbers, be deftitute of all feed wLhin. Likewife they will grow without feeds in them, if the feeds which are planted, be macerated or lteeped in Sea-famine oyle, for the fpace of three dayes before they be fowed.
CHAP
Of the Production of new r rants*
Chap. XIIII.
How to procure fruits, to be of divers colour s, fuch as are not natural!) inc'tdeKt to their kl"dc.
NOw we w ill fhew how to colour fruits: to the tffe&ing whereof there have been divers means deviled ; as waterings, and engraffings which can never be fnfficicntly commended or fpoken of, and other like pra&ifes. To begin with ett- °ra(fin° ; If we wonld colour any fruit, wemqften^raffeituponaplant thatflou- rifhes'with the fame colour which we would boirow. As for example, If we would produce
Red Apples,
we muft engraffe them upon a Plane-tree, and the fruit will be red, as Dig- phone* , Didjmus, and Taliadius affirm. So we may procure that the fruit
%i>odacen jhalhrow red,
if we'engrafFe it upon a Plane-tree, as Africanus witnefleth. Of whom Palladium learned that the way to make Rhodacens look red, is to cngraff them into a Plane? tree. If you would have
Citrons of a red fear let' colour \ m&W*™' '-win »r* -wlvf'M&rirt sot-iii llt'tOH* w tUMM* i #® , •|*?,,y fff Avicennafoews you may cffe& it by engraffing them into a Pomegranate-tree $ for we (hewed before that fuch an engraffing may well be made. Box if yoti would have . ,
fitrons to be blood- red , j
tlorentinm fheweth that you may effect this by engraffing them into a Mul- berry-tree ; which experiment Dtophanes approvetb, Likcwife he that tdcfircS to have
Red Pears,
muft engraffc them into a Mulberry-tree j for by this means the Pears will gtow red, as Tarentintu and Viophanes do witnefTe. So alfo you may pro- cure
A white Pig to become red)
by engraffing it upon a Mulberry-tree, as the fame Dtophanes witnefleth. By the fame means
Apples may l>e of a blood-red colour^
if they be engrafFcd into a Mulberry-tree, as Avicennaihcwcth. But Berititu and "Dwphanes write, that the Mulberry- tree it felf, which makes all other Apple-fruic to become red, may be cauled to bring forth
White Mulberries,
if it be engrafted into a white Poplar tree j for this will alter the colour of the fruit. But Talladiuf procures this effect by another means ; not by engraffing the Mulber- ry into a white Poplar, but into the Fig-tree; for this alfo will alter their colour, and caufe
White Mulberries,
ishefhews-inhisverfes ; wherein he faith, that the Fig-tree doth perfwade Mul- berries to change their own colour and to take hers ; whereof I tn^r felf have fcerl the experience, Likcwiic, of
A white Vine mai be made red Wines
Pa Jf
92, Natural Magick. Wj.
if wc cngriffct white Vine into* Wtck: fot the ftock into which it is eneUffed will alter the colour much, as I have teen by experience in hony-grapes, bo| which we call Greek-grapes ; for the Vines which have been engraffe G^k Vines, haveyeeldedablackiftiuiceorwine; and the ofener fuch eD raffing fh been made, the blacker jaice was yeelded. In the places about the Hill vffuv us the wh.te- wine grape, which grows upon her own (talk that is engraffed I Z
to rneakeVme " ^ * ^ hi^coloured *** *« *"* dof Another ^y
nipples grow redy
LbIhSnt drcfll°g'eve.D by W^g them with hot and fat receipts,
for there are two chief Elements or principles of colours . white, and black n I C coloured j now by dreflmg them , and applying fat things unto !hem w I dwk cure every flower or fruit that is blackUh, Vo become brighter ^and fXr '7'°' ed ; whereas on the other Gde,if they be negleaed,that nfS^b^lS^: care in trimming them, their colour will nSt be fo lively, te^Z&ZZt wbitenfchew ; for all colours that begin to fade, wax fomewhat S ^ v * ^1^^^^ -eredthe^i^
To frocttre red Pomegr4tuites9 watered the Tree with Bath-water (odden into Lye, and feme other water m?v,d therewith. But there is yet another device, whereby we ma> Tprocure
t/i flies ttgrow redy
make thlm r^SV^S t (°!Ct of Ae I for th«
mane mem red. Birmm, tint be might ciofe the reflex of the Snn-h..™. „Tu
Swlrf™ iS h'?S*wn/l'e boughs tb«h.d ftuit upon them, he bound them
of ™«e7oeer ,h,L°S ' h™ JTSfS C* W°"ld P1,tt fcn« «■« «*HB Snn"Sin",^b,,OBghS! c"iulg'ji«»h.sco»Ka8re) thufurely the be., of ,he therwi.hXT ' «0°|d"nfcbotv«pout5, which being reflefled tow-
jtfpples,
^^^^^t^^^ operation. Under the Tree he waswoncto
ibrwf ft n d knd their 8°0dly hcw to tbc APPles thac ?row °P°n ^e Tree Scens' and'madT^^ " thC ke devicc nOC Up0n APPics> bltt UP0D Rho"
T^hodacenSy
Sl£Sf bV^f^1^*? T?c'^und ibo* tbe ro°". Lik.wile we may Sefed e^ f°Jr,l00k Wh2t Colour ^procure in
frui will torn rl Li?TVl ln f0,mC C°lu-Urlcd li(*uor> or ^ anV oth« m^s>
with Sanguinary or Vermillion ; If we bury a Peach- (tone in the ground, and take ^ap ac,1? feven dayes after (for in that time the ftone will open of it lelf ) and then ^ into it fome Venn.lhon and bury it in the earth a°ain, and afterward look care- *C .^^^^yP^cureVermillion-peaches. AndD^r/^is per- PMchinnUK ^^^^"Koktayotber colour after thefame manner, The
ffi^x^rb^^s^• 11 ht ihins commonIy reporced aras
Of the TroduBion of new Tlants*
Teaches may be of a [anguine-colour)
by another means. You muft take a Peach-ftone, and put it into a Carrot that is then growing, and the (talk which grows of thac (tone in the Carrot, if it be care- fully nourtfhed and prelerved,will bring forth Peaches of a fanguine colour. In like manner, If you would have
White kernels growing in a ^Pomegranate, Palladium (heweth how to do it, by the authority of MatuaI. If you take chalk and white clay, and with them mingle a quarter fo much plaftering, and apply the Pome- granate-tree roots with this kind of foilage or dunging, for tire fpace of three whole years together, you (hall obtain your purpofe. Likewite) ifyoudelirc
Me lions of a Sanguine colour ; you muft take Mellon-feeds, and fieep them in fanguine liquor for three or foUr daies together before you fet them, you may cafily have your defire. Orelfe, if yoii open a little the skin of the feed, and put within it the juice of red Rofes , Clove- gilliflowers, and Black-berries that grow upon Brambles, or of any other like thing, fo that it be not hurtful to the leed, you may effect your purpofe. And I iuppofc that the fanguine-coloured Mellons which are feen in thefe Countries, are thus ufed, that they may be of this colour. Confequent upon thefe devices is that flcight whereby
tA Peach mA) grow with an) writing upon it.
The Greeks affirm, that a Peach may be made to grow with a writing upon it, If you take out the itone aad bury it in the earth for (even dayes j and then when it begins to open, pluck out the kernel, and write in it what you will, with Vermil- lion-juice: then bindc up the kernel into the flone again, and fet it fo into the ground, and you (hall have growing a written fruit. Now as the Sun doth colour the herbs that it may well come at, as we have ihewed j fo by keeping the force of the Sun away from them, we may whiten them ; for fo
A Lett ice may be made white, tsF/iwwiwwflieweth. If you would, faith he, procure goodly white Lettice, then mutt you bind together the tops of the leaves, two dayes before they be gathered j for lb they will be fair and white. Likewife you may whiten them by casing land upon them. And with us
Artichocks are made white, by the very fame means which we fpeak of. And if you would caufe
Beets to become whiter then ordinary, you muft cover the roots over with Cow-dung, and as we fpoke before concerning Leeks, fo here you muft cleave the bud, and lay a broad ftone or a tile upon it, as Souon (Kcweth. So Columella teachetb how to make
Endive to grow white,
when the leaves are fhot forth, you muft tie them about the tops with a fmall firing, and cover them over with ao earthen vcflel let faft into the ground, and the herb will be white. Others ire at lefs charges, and cover them over with Ibme earth : our Gardeners lay them in land , and fo make them very white. If you would procure
White S per age,
you muft put the flips as foon as ever they appear out of the earth, into a broken reed ; and there let them grow for a while, and afterward when you take away the cauc or reed, thcSperagc wiii be whiter then ordinary*
CHAP.
Natural Magick^ Soo^j
Chap. XV.
How the colour of Flowers may alfo be changed.
IN transforming and meddling the colours of flowers together, we may procure fuch ftrange medleys, as nothing can be more delightful to be feen. Thole which are of a deep purple colour may be meddled with azure blue > thofe which are as white as milk, may be meddled either with a duskifti hew, or with a green; or criml'on, or fome other compound colours ; in the beholding whereof, the rainde cannot chufe but be affected with great delight , and be ravifhed with admiration, and as it were quite overcome with the excellent beauty of them. Wherefore we will letdown certain Rules, whereby we may be able to alter the colour of flowers, as we prefcribed certain rules before, whereby we fhewed how to alter the colour of fruit*. And full we will fhew, how by engrafting
Cjilltflowers that are of themf elves purple, or elfe white > may become azure blue, You muft cut off (fomewhat neerthe root)a ftalk of Endive or Blue-bottle, or Bug- lofs, but the old wilde Endive is beftfor this purpofe, and let it be grown to an Inch in thicknefs j then cleave that in the middle which is left growing in the ground, and plant into it a Gilliflower new pluckt up out of the earth, root and all; then bind up the ftalk* or flips with fome flight bond, and lay good ftoreof earth and dung round about it : lb fhall it yield you a flower, that is fomewhat biu- ifti, of amoft delightful colour to behold. This, many of my friends will needs perfwademe, though for my own part, I have often made trial of it, and yet never could fee it effected. But this I have feen, that a white Gilliflower- flip being en- graffed iuto a red Carrot made hollow for the fame purpofe , and fo buried in the earth, hathyeeldeda Sea-coloured flower. Likewife you may procure the white Gilliflower to be of a skarlet-colour, if after the fame manner youengraffe it into the root of Orchanet : by which means alfo you may turn a purple Gilliflower into a skarlet. If you would have
A R«fe,asalfo the flower Jafmine to be of ajeBowcehptr , you may procure it by engraffiDg either of them into a broom-ftalk: for of all it* ther, the broom-flower is moft yellow: and though we cannot do it fo well, by clapping the leaf or the bud of the one upon theleaf or bud of the other, yet it may be eff c&ed by boring bto the ftalk after this manner. You muft fee a Rofe or a Jafmine neer to the broom, and when they are fomewhat grown, take them up to- gether with the earth that is about them ; (for they will prove better when they are let again, with their own earth which is about them, being as it were their mother, then with any other earth that fhall be as it were their ftcp mother,) then bore a paffage into the broom-ftalk, and when you have cleaned the paflage, prune the rofe-ftalk and plant it into the brocrn: and there cover" thsra with loam where the engrafting was made , and fo bind it up. Afterward! when the fet is grown into the ftock, you muft cut off all the head fome what above the engraf- ting place • fo fliall you have a Rofe or a Jafmine there growing, of a lovely yeliow- ifh colour. Which kind of flowers are very ulual with us , and this their borrow - ed colour is fo orient and bright , that the eye is (carce able to endure the brightnels thereof. There is another means alfo whereby we may colout flowers, and that is by pouring fome colouring iuto the roots. If you would have
tallies to be red,
we will {hew how to do it, as Vlorminm hath fhewed us. Take a Lil lie-clove or head, and when you have opened it well, pour into it fome 'Sinoper, or any other colouring, and the Lillie- flower that grows out of the clove fo drefled, will be of the fame colour. But you muft be very careful that you hurr. not the clove, or head^ when you fo open it ; and befides, you mult be fure to cover it wkh fat, and, weiL foiled earth. By the like means you any procure IMcm