Section 18

A double Orenge may be produced ; which kind of fruit is common with us, wherein are double ranks of kernels in fuch rare proportion, that you would wonder and be amazed to fee.
Chap. VII.
Of another device, "whereby fir ange fruits may bt generated, and made either better or worfe,
Concerning the praifes and excellency of engrafting, we have fpoken elfe where more at large : Here it fhall fuffice onely to fhew, that by engrafting, new fruits may be produced, fome better, and Come worfe then their ordinary kinds. We will relate fome experiments of our own, and fome which the Antients have found out. And fir il
How to produce a Cheft-nnt of the heft.
There is one rare example hereof not to be omitted. CoreUiut, a Noble-man of Rome, born at the City Atefte, engrarTed a Chert-nut upon a Cheft-nut branch, in the Country of Naples, and fo produced a Cheft-nut called Corelliana, after bis name. After that, his Heir, whom he made a Freeman, grafted the fame Co- relliana upon another Tree : the difference betwixt them both is this, that the for- mer is a larger Cheft-nut, but this latter is a better fruit. Thefe things have been done by the Ancients : and the good that cometh by engrafting is fuch, as that if any thing be engrafted into a flock or branch of its own kind, the fruit will there- by be made better. The Cherry«tree is very kindly to be engrafted : and you (ball fcarce ever have a good and a fweet Cherry, unleffc it be by engrafting upon fome other Tree, as Pamphtlut reporteth. By the prefident of this example, we have en- deavoured to change
The Barber y-Ttet inf %h* Tret tailed Tuber :
for I take it,that the Oxyacamha,or the Barbery-tree, is nothing elfe but a baftard,
or
Of the TroduBion of new Tlants. 73
or a wild Tuber : and therefore if a man follow that example of Co¥elliut\ and cn- griffe the Oxyacantha oftentimes into the own branch or Hock, it will be much bettered, and become the Tuber-tree: as alio on the other fide^the Tuber-tree, if It be net dfrefled and looked unto, doth degenerate into the Barbery-tree. I my felf have engrafted it three or four times into the branches of its own kind, in my own Orchard ; and if I live fo long, I will Mil engraft; it fo, till it do bring forth Tubers • for I find that it brings forth already, both greater and fwceter berries. Now we will ipeak of luch fruits, as are engrsff^d not into their own branches, bun into branches of another kind, which contain in them both the fafbion and the properties of either kind: and we will teach the manner how to compound a new kind of fruit lately deviled, namely
A F each-nut ^mixed of a Nut and a Peach. There is a kind of Peach called a Peach-nur, which the Ancients never knew of, but hath lately been produced by pains taken in graffing, as I my felf have feen. It bears the name and the form alfo of both the parents whereof it is generated, having a green colour like a Nut, and hath no mollie down on the out-fide, but ve- ry fmooth all over ; the tafteofit is fharpandfomewhat bitter; it is long ere it be ripe, and is of a hard fubftance like a Peach. That part of it which lies againft the Sun is reddifh ; it fmells very well ; it hath within, a rough itone, and hard like * Peach-floae ; it hath a pleaiant rclifh ; but the apple will not laft lb long as the Nut, or kernel within. Which kind of fruit cannot be fuppofed to have been otherwife brought forth then by divers engraffings of the Peach into the Nut-tree, one year after another. We may alfo better the fruits by engrafting them into better Trees, DiopbAries produced
Citron- apples compounded of an Apple and a Cttron,
for he engraffed an Apple into the Citron-tree, and that oftentimes • but it wither- ed as foon as ever it did (hoot forth : howbeir, at length ittookfaft hold, and be- came a Ck ton-apple-tree. Anatolius and Diophanes made a compound fruit called
Melimeltf of an Apple and a Quince mixt together ; for if weengraffean Apple into a Quince-tree, the Tree will yield a very goodly apple, which the Athenians call Melimelum, but we call it a St. Johns Apple. Tlwy writes, that an ordinary Quince, and a Quince-pear being compounded,
Produce a fruit called Milviana, The Quince, faith he, being en°raffed into a Quince-pear, yieldeth a kind of fruic called Milvianum, which alone of all other Quinces is to be eaten raw. Now as we have (hewed how to make fruits better by engraffing, both for (hew and foe pro- perties, we will declare alfo, how by engraffing
Fruits may be made worfe* We will (hew it firft by a Pear. Marcus Varro faith, that if you engraffe a xtvj good Pear into a wilde Pear-tree, it will not tafie fo well as that which is engrafted into an Orchard Pear-tree. If you engcaff; a Peach into a Damofin-trce, the fruit will be much lefs : if into a bitter Almond- tree, the fruit will have a bitter r Likewifeif you gnffe a Chert-nut into a Willow, and be fomewhat a latter fruif, thetafte of it will be more bitter. And fo if you graffe an apple into a Damofin tree, the fruit which it yields, will neither be fo great, noryetfo good,as it is in thje own kind.
Chap. VIII. How to procure ripe fruis and flowers before their ordinary feafon.
ARt being as it were Natures Ape, even in her imitation of Nature, effefterh greater matters then Nature doth. Hence it is that a Magician being for- nifhed with Art, as it were another Nature , fearching throughly inco thofe
N woiks
74* Natural Magick. Sgo^ 3.
works which Nature doth accomplifh by many fecret means and ciofc operations, doth work upon Nature, and partly by thac which he fees, and partly by that which he conjefts and gathers from thence, takes his fnndry advantages of Na- tures inrtruments, and thereby either haftens or hinders her work, making things ripe be'ore or afcer their natural feafon, and io indeed makes Nature to be his inllrument. He knows that fruits, and flowers, and all other growing things that the world affords, are produced by the circuit and motion of celcftial bodies; and therefore when he is difpofed to hinder the ripening of any thing, or elfe to help it forward, thatkmay be more rare and of better worth, he cffe&s it by counterfeiting the times and feafons of the year, making the Winter to be as the Summer, and the Spring-time as the Winter. Amongft other means, engraf- fing is not a little helpful hereunto. Wherefore let us fee , how wc may by engrafRng
Produce (j rapes in the Spring' time*
If we fee a Cherry-tree bring forth her fruit in the Spring-time, andwedefireto have Grapes about thac time, there is 6c oportunity of attaining our defire, as 7*r*»f/'»«* wrneth. If you.cngraffea black Vine into the Cherry-tree, youfhall have Grapes growing in the Spring-tune : for the Tree will bring forth Grapes the very fame feafon, wherein it would bring forth her own fruir. Bin this* en- grafting cannot be without boring a hole into the flock, as Dtdjmtu fhewr»h. You muft bore the Cherry-tree flock through with a wimble, and, your Vine grow- ing by it, you mutt take one of the next and goodlieft branches thereof, and put it into the auger-hole; but you muft not cut it off from the Vine, but place it in as it grows : for fo the branch will live the better, both as being nourifhed by his own mother the Vine, and alfo as being made partaker of the juice of that Tree into which it is engraffed; This fprig within the compaffe of two years, will grow and be incorporated into the Cherry-tree: about which time, after the skar is grown over again, you muft cut oil" the branch from the Vine, and faw off the flock of the Cherry-tree wherein it is engraffcd, all above the boring place, and let the Vine-branch grow np in the reft: for fo fliall neither the Vine b^ idle, but frill bring forth her own fruit, and that branch alfo which was engraffed doth grow up together with it, being nothing hurt by that engrafting. Wc may alfo by the help of engrafting procure
A Rofe to jherv forth her buds before her time. If we pluck off aRofe-bud from the mother, andengraff by fuch an emplaftering aswefpakeof before, the fame into the open bark of an Almond-tree, at fuch time, as the Almond-tree doth bud, the Rofefo engraffed, will bring forth her own flowers out of the Almond bark. But becaufc it is a very hard matter to en- graffe into an Herbe , and therefore we can hardly produce flowers fooner then their time by that means , wc will fhew another means hereof ; And namely,
How Cucumbers may haften their fruits,
Colume lia found in Dolus Mendeftu an ./Egyptian , an eafie way whereby this may be done. You muft fet in your Garden in fome fhadowy place well dunged, a rank of Fenel, and a rank of Brambles one within another } and after the aequi- nodial day, cut them off a little within the ground ; and having firft loofed the pith of either of them with a wooden puncheon, to convey dung into them, and withal to engraft: in them Cucumber-feeds, which may grow up together with the Fenel and the Brambles : for by this means the feeds will receive nourifhment from the root of the ftalk into which they are engraffed, and fo you fhall have Cu- cumbers very foon. But now let us fhew how we may accomplifh this thing by counterfeiting as it were the feafons of the year : and brft, how wc may pro-, cure thac
Cucmi
Of the Troduflion of new Plant s. 7?
Cucumbers fhaU be ripe very timely. The Quinciles fay you muft take panniers or earthen Dots, and put into them fome fine nticd earth mixed with dung, that it may be fomewhat liquid, and prev en- ting the ordinary leafon, you muft plant therein Cucumber feeds about the be- ginning of the Spring , and when the Sun fliines , or that there is any heat or rain, they bring the panniers forth into the Air, and about Sun-fetting they bring them into a clofc houfe ; and this they do daily , Bill watering them as occalion ferveth. But after that the cold and the froft is ccafed, and the Air is more temperate, they take their panniers and digge a place for them inlome well-tilled ground, and there fet them, fo that the brims there- of may be even with the earth; and then look well to ihem, and you (hall have your defire. The like may be done by Gourds. Theophraftus (heweth , that if a man fow Cucumber feeds in the Winter-time, and water them with warm water, and lay them in the Sunne, or ellc by the fire, and when feed-time cometh , put whole panniers of them into the ground , they will yield very timely Cucumbers , long before their ordinary icafon is to grow. Columella faith , that Itberitti the Emperour took great delight in the Cucum- bers that were thus ripened , which he had at all times of the year ; for his Gardners every day drew forth their hanging Gardens into the Sun upon wheels, and when any great cold or rain came, they ftraightwayes carried them in again into their clofe hovel 3 made for the fame purpofe. Didymus (heweth
Rofes may bud forth) even before Winter be paft, if they be ufed after the like manner ; namely, if you fet them in hampers or earthen veflels, and carefully look unto them , and ufe them as you would ufe Gourds and Cucumbers, to make them ripe before their ordinary fcafon. Pliny (heweth
How to ma\e figs that were of lafi years growth^to be ripe very foon the next year after ; and this is by keeping them from the cold too, but yet the device and practice is not all one with the former. There are, faith he, in certain Countries, as in Mas- fia, Winter Fig-trees, (a fmall tree it is, and fuch as is more beholding to Art then to Nature) which they ufe on this manner. After the Autumn or Fall, they lay them in the earth, and cover them all over with muck, and the green Figs that grew upon them in the beginning of Winter are alfo buried upon the Tree with them. Now when the Winter is paft, and the Air is fomewhat calmer the year following, they dig up the Trees again with the fruit upon them ; which prefently do embrace the heat of a new Sun as ic were, and grow up by the temperature of another year, as kindly as if they had then new fprung uptwhereby it cometh to paffe,that though the Country be very cold, yet there they have ripe Figs of two years growth as it were, even before other Fig-trees can fo much as blofibm. But becaufe we cannot fo well pra&ife thefe experiments in the broad and open fields, either by hindering, or by helping the temperature of the Air, therefore we will affay to ripen fruit and flowers before their time, by laying warm cherifhers, as lime, or chalk, and nitre, and warm water, to the roots of Trees and herbs. If you would have
A Cherry ripe before his time, Pliny faith, that you muft lay chalk or lime to the root of the Tree before it begin to bloffom ; or ellc you muft oftentimes pour hot water upon the root ; and by either of thefe means you may procure the ripening of Cherries before their time : how- beit afterward the Trees will be drie and wither away. If you would procure the ripening
Of a %ofe before hit time ;
Dydmui faith you may effect it by covering the Rofe-bufh with earth, a foot a- fcove the root of it , and there pour in warn water upon it, whilft the flippe
N 2 beginneth
y6 Natural Magick. *BooI^^
beginnetb to flioot up , and before any blcffom appearcth. Likemfeifyou would have
AVtne to bring forth before her time,
you muft take nitre, and pown it, and mix it with water, fo that it be made of the thicknefifc of hony ; and as foon as you have pruned the Vine , lay good ftore of your nitre upon the Vine-buds, and fo (hall your buds (boot forth within nine days after. But to procure the Grapes to be timely ripe, you mnft take the mother of the wine before it is become fowre, and lay the fame upon the root of the plants when you fet them j for ac that time ic isbeft fo to ufe them, as Ttrentmus and Florentine both affirm. Moreover, if you would have any thing to bud forth very timely, Theophraftui faith you may procure it by fetting the fame
Into the Sea- onion :
f«r if a Fig-tree be fet but necr it, it will caufe the fpeedy ripening of Figs. And to be brief, there is nothing fet in the Sea-onion , but will more eafily and fpeedily (boot forth, byreafonof the ftrong inward heat which that herb is endued with- al. Vsmosritw (heweth another means, whereby you may caufe
The Fig tree to bring forth haft) Figs9 namely, by applying the fame with pepper, andoyle, and Pigeons dung. Florenti- nm would have the dmg and the oyle to be laid upon the Figs when they be raw and green. P.tlkdius counfelleth, that when the Figs begin to wax fomewhat red, you ftiould then belmear them with the juice of a long Onioo mixed with pepper and oyle ; and fo the Figs will be the fooner ripened. Our practice is this ; when the Figs begin to wax ripe, we take a wooden needle, and anoint it ovei with oyle, and fo thruft it through both ends of the Figs; whereby in few dayes the fruit it ripened. Others cffc£t thi?, by heaping up a great many Rams horns about the root of the Tree. PZ/a/fbews
How to ma^eColeworts branch before their time } and this is by laying good ftore of Sea-grafle about it, held up with little props ; or elfe by laying upon ic black nitre, as much as you can take up with three fingers* or thereabouts ; for this will haften the ripening thereof. We may alio caufe
Parfley to come up before hit time. Pliny faith, that if you fprinkle hot water upon it, as it begins to grow, it will (hoot up very fwiftly. And Palladia faith, that if you pour vineger upon it by little and little, it will grow up ; or elfe if youcheriftiitwith warm water as foon as ever it is fown. But the mind of man is fo bold to enter into the vecy fecrct bowels of Nature, by the diligent fearch of experience, that it hath deviled to bring forth
Parfley exceeding timely*
ft grows up eafily of it felf • for within fifty or fourty daies it is wont to appear out of the earth, as Theophraftm and others affirm, as by their writings may be fcen. Our Country-men call it pet rofelinum. In the pra&ifing of this experiment, you muft (hew your felf a painful workman ; for if you fail, or commit never fo foiall an error herein, you will mifle of your purpofe. You muft take Parfley feeds that are not fully one year old, & in the beginning^ Summer you muft dip them in the vine* ger,fuffering them to lie a while in fome warm place : then wrap up the feeds in fome (mail loofe earth, which for this purpofe you have before meddled with the afhes of burned bean-ftraw : there you muft bedew them oftentimes with a little warm water, and cover them with fome cloth, that the heat get not from them • fowill they in (hort time appear out of the earth : then remove the cloth away, and water them ft ill, and thereby the ftalk will grow up in length, to the great admiration of the beholders. But in any cafe, yon muft be painful and very diligent ; for I have