Section 17

C H AP. V.
Of a third way , whereby divers kinds of [raits maybe compounded together.
tJI^Ewill alfofet down a third way, whereby we may mingle and compound divers kinds of fruits together. A way which hath been delivered unto us by the Ancients, though for my own part I think it to be not oneiv a very hard, but even aa impcflible matter. Notwithstanding, becaufe grave An- cient Writers have fet it down, I cannot icorn here to rehearfe it: and though I have put it in practice , but to no purpofe, for it hath not fo fallen out as they write, yet I will net dilcourage any man that hath a mu d to make trial hereof; for it may be that fortune will fecond their endeavours better then fhs did mine. The Way is this ; to: gather many feeds of tundry Trees and fruits, and wrapping them up together, foto fow them tard when they are grown up into ftalk?, to bind all the ftaiks together, that they may not flie afnnder, but rather grow up all into one Tree ; and this 7r. e will bring forth divers kinds of fruits , yea and one atd the fame froit will be min- gled and compounded of many. Itfhould feemthat the Authors of this exreri- menr, learned it firtt out of Theophr.-Jlw , who writes, that, If you fow two divers feeds neer together within a hands breadth , and then fow two other clivers feeds a little above them, the roots which will come of all thefe feeds will lovingly embrace and winde about each other , and fo grow up into one ftalk or ftock , and be incorporated one into another. Bui fpecial care mmi he had how the feeds be placed; for they mult be fet wrath the little end upward, be- caufe the bud ccr-eth not out of the lew and hollow parti, but our of the i eft. And there are four feeds required, becaufe fo many will eanly and fitly elofe gcji thcr. A matter, which if it were true, it might be a very ready means which would produce exceeding many and wonderful experiments. By fuch a means
Berries that are f arty- coloured may be produced. If yon take a great many berries, whice, and black, and red, one amon^ft another, and fow them in the earth together; and when they are thot up , bind ml their ftalks into one, they will grow together , and yeeld party coloured berries. Vlmy write?, that this way was deviied trDmtbe birds; Nature, laith he,haih taught httf tograffe with afeed: for hungry birds have devoured feeds, and having moil ened and warmedthem in their bellies, a little after have dunged in the forky twines of Trees, and together with their dung excluded the feed whole which erft they had fwallowed : and fometimes it brings forth there where they dung it, and fir mrJmes the wind carries it away into fome chinks of the barks of Trees, and there it br ings forth. This is the reaion why many times we fee a Cherry-tree c: owii , ... ; W'iU
low,
Of the TroduBion ofnevo Tlants. 6p
ow , a Plane-tree in a Bay-tree, and a Bay in a Cherry-tree j andwkhal, that the berries of them have been party-coloured. They write alfo, that the Jack-daw hiding certain leeds in fome fecret chinks or holes, did give occafion of this Inven- tion. By this feif-iame means we may produce
- A Fig that is partly white and partly red. Le$n>itu attempts the doing of this, by taking the kernels or ftones that are in a Fig fomewhat inclinable to this variety, and wrapping them up together in a linnen cloth, and then lowing them, and when need requires, removing them into ano- ther place. If we would have
An Orenge or Qtron-trce bear divers apples of divers rehftes ; "TontHMu our Country-man, in his work of Gardening, hath elegantly taught us how to do it. We muft take fundry feeds of them, and put them into a pitcher, and there let them grow up : and when they come forth, bind the fprigs together, and by this means they will grow up into one ftock, and fhrowd themfelves all un- der one bark: but you muft take heed that the wind come not at them to blow them aiunder, but cover them over with fome wax, that they may Hick faft toge- ther ; and let them be well plaiftered with morter about the bark : and fo (hall you gather from them in time very ftrange Apples of fundry reliflies. Likewife we may procure
A DamoJfUj and an Orenge or Limon to be mixt together.
In our books of Husbandry, we me wed at large, by many yeafons alledged to and fro, that fundry feeds could not poffibly grow into one ; but all that is written in favour of this pra&ice, is utterly falfe, and altogether unpofllble. But this expe- riment we our lelvcs have proved, whereby divers kinds of Damofms are mixt to- gether. While the Damofin-uees were very tender and dainty, we f aliened two of them together, which were planted neer to each other, as sailers plat and tie their Cabies : but firft we pared off the bark to the inmoft skin, in that place where they mould touch together, that fo one living thing might the more eafiiy grew to the other: then we bound them up gently with thin lifts, made of the inner bark of Elm, or fuch like fluff that is fbft and pliable for fuch a purpofe , left they mould be parted and grow afunder; and if any part of them were fo limber that ir would not ftick faft, we wedged it in with fplents ; yet not too hard, for fear of fpoiiing it. Then we rid away the earth from the upper roots, and covered them with muck, and watered them often, that by this cheriming and tilling on, they might grow up the better : and thus after a few years that they were grown together into one tree , we cut off the tops of them about that place where they moft feemed to be knit together • and about thofe tops there fprung up many buds ; whereof, thofe which we perceived had grown out of both Trees, we fafferedto grow ftill, and the reft we cut away ; and by this means we produced fuch kind of fruit as we fpeak of, very goodly, and much commended. And concerning Limons, I have feen iome in the Noble-mens Gardens of Naples, which, partly by continual wa- tering at feafonable times, and partly by realon of the tendcrneffe and the rank- neffe of the boughs , did fo cling and grow together, that they became one tree ; and this one Tree brought forth fruit compounded of either kind. We may alfo effect this featly by earthen veflTels ; for the plants that are fet therein, we may very conveniently cherifh up with continual watering, and perform other iVrvices to- wards them which areneceflary for their growth.And as it may be done by Limon?, fo we have feen the fame experiment pra&ifed upon Mulberry-trees , which grow- ing in moift and fhadowed places, as foon as their boughs doled one with another, prefently they grew into one, and brought forth berries of fundry colours. If we wosid procure that
A Lettice Jhottldgrowy having in it ParJUy, and Ratchet , and BaJihgantUy
or any fuch like commixtion, we muft take the dung of a Sheep or a Goat ; and
though
yo Natural Magick. Sflo^j.
though it be but a fmall fubftance, yet you muft make afhift to bore theTruttle through the middle, and as well as you can, get out the inmoft pith, andinftead thereof put into it thole feeds whirh you defire to have mingled together, packing them in as hardasthe Trmtle will bear it: and when yon have fo done, lay it in the ground about two handful deer, with dung and hollow geer, both under ir, and round about it ; then cover it with a little thin earth, and water it a little and a little ; and when the feeds alfo are fprung forth, you muft Mill apply them with wa- ter and dung ; and after they are grown up into a ftalk, you muft be more dilicent about them ; and by this means at length there will arife a Lettice, mixed^nd compounded with all thofe feeds. Palladius prefcribes the fame more precifely. If you take, faith he, a Trutile of Goats dung, and bore it through, and make it hollow cunningly with a bodkin, and then fill it op with the feed of Lettice, Cref- fes, Bafil, Rotchet, and Radifh, and when you have fo done, lap them up in more of the fame dung, and bury them in a little trench of fuch ground as is fruitful and Well manured for fuch a purpofe, the Radifh will grow downward into a Roor, the bther feeds will grow upward into a ftalk, and the Lettice will contain them all, yeelding the feveral relifh of every one of them. Others effeft this experiment on this manner. They pluck eff the Lettice leaves that grow next to the root, and make holes in the thickeft fubftance and vein? thereof, one hole being area- fonable diftance from the other ; wherein they put the forenamed feeds/all but the Radifh feed, and cover them about with dung, and then lay them under the ground, whereby the Lettice grows up, garded with the ftalks of fo many herbs as there were feeds put into the leaves. If you would procure
Tarty-coloured flowers to grow •
you may effeft it by the fame ground and principle. You muft take the feeds of divers kinds of flowers ; and when you have bound them up in a Linen cloth, fet them in the ground, and by the commixtion of thofe feeds together, you fhall have flowers that are party-coloured. By this means, it is thought that Dailies of divers kinds were firft brought forth, fuch as are to be feen with golden leaves, reddifh about the edge ; nay fomeof them are fo meddled with divers colours, that they refemble little fhreds of filk patcht together.
Ch ap.VI.
How a double fr nit may be rnxde, whereof the one is contained within the other,
*T* Here is alfo another way of Compofition, whereby fruits may be fo meddled J, together, not as we fhewed before, that one part of it fhould be of one fruity and the other part of another kinde j nor yet that one and the fame bough fhall at once bear two or three feveral kinds of fruits j but that one and the fame fruit fhall be double, containing in it felf two feveral kinds, as if they were but one; where- of I my felf have firft made trial. But let us fee how the Ancients have effeded this: and firft
Mow to ma\e an Olive- gr aye,
TDiophanes fheweth that the Olive being engraffed into the Vine, brings forth a fruit called Elaeo-ftaphylon, that is to fay, an Olive-grape. But Florentines in the ele- venth book of his Georgicks, hath fhewed the manner how to engraffe the Olive into a Vine, that fo it fhall bring forth not only bunches or clufte* s of grapes, bug an Olive fruit alfo. We muft bore a hole through the Vine neer to the ground, and put into it the branch of an Olive-tree, that fo it may draw and receive both from the Vine, fweetneffe; and alfo from the gtound,natural juice and moifture, where- by it may be nourifhed : for fo will the fruit tafte pleafantly. And moreover, if, while the Vine hath not yet born fruit, you take the fruitful fprigs thereof, and plant them elfewhcrc, thefe fprigs will retain the mixture and compofition of the
Vine
0/v the TroduBion ofww Tkints. y i
Vine and the Olive-tree together, and bring forth one fruit: that flftrll fiaff e in it both kinds, which therefore is called by a name compounded - f both'their nam:?, Eieo»tlathylus, an Olive-grape. He reports' that he fa w filch & rrte in the Orchard of "Mariut Afaximtu ; and taftibg the fruit thereof, he thought with himfcif that he felt the re ifhof an Olive-berrie and a grape kernel both together. He 'writes alfo that fuch plants grow in Africa, and are there called' by a -proper name in their. Country language Ubolima. But we muft fet props under them , to bear Up the weight and burden of ihe boughs : though if we engraffe them any other way but this, we fhall need no polls at all. I fuppofe alfo that by this felf-fame means it may be effe&ed,
That a (jrape Jhould have Mjrtle in it,
Tarentinta mitts, that the Vine may be engrafted into the Myrde-tree, and the Vine-branches thereon engraffed, will bring forth grapes that have Myrtle-berries growing underneath them, Buc the manner of this engraftng he nath not fet down. It you engraffe the Vine-branches in the higher boughs or arms of the Mryrle, then they will bring forth grapes after their ordinary manner, not having any Myrtle in them: but if you engraffe them as fhe fhewed before^ neer to the ground, as the Olive-tree mult be into the Vine, then you may pro- duce Myrtle- grapes , though not without fome difficulty. Wc may likewife produce '
Damofins that ft) all be of the colour of t^uts ;
m
for fuch kind of fruit were produced by the Ancients, and called Nucipruna, that is,Nut-Damofins, as Pliny reporteth. It is a peculiar property of thefe fruits that are engrafted into Nut-trees, that they are in colour like to their own kinde, but in tafte like unto Nuts j being therefore called by a mixt name, Nuci-prnna. So there may be produced, as the lame Pliny writes,
Damofins that have fweet Almonds within them. There is, faith he, in this kind of fruit an Almond-kernel, neither can there be any prettier double fruit deviied.The lame Pliny reports alfo, that there is a kind of
Vamofn that hath in it the fuhftance of an Apple, which of late was called by the Spaniards Malina, which cometh of a Damofift en^raffed into an Apple-tree. There is alio a kind of fruit called by the Apotheea* tics Scbeftcn, or
Mixa, -which hath in it a fweet Almond,
This fame Mixa is a kind of Damofin, which differs from all others; for whereas others have a bitter Almond or kernel within their Gone, this only hath a fweet ker- nel. It is a plant peculiar to Syria and Egypt, though in fltnies time it was com- mon in Italy, and was engrafted in the Service-tree, whereby the kernel was the pleafantcr. They engraffed it into the Service-tree, likely for this caufe,that where- as the fruit of it felf would make a man laxative, the fbarp tafte of the Service being mixed with it , might caufe it to be more binding. But now we will ftiew
How to produce an Almond- peach, which outwardly is a Peach, bat within hath an Al- mond-kernel.
The former means producing double fruits, which the Ancients have recor- ded, are but vain fables ; not only falfe matters, but indeed impofnblc to be fo done : for, we fhewed in the book of Husbandry, if you engraffe the Vine into the ^Myrtle, there will be no fuch fruit brought forth after that manner. Befides, it is impoflible to engraffe the Olive-tree into the Vine; or if it were engraffed, yet
would
7% NaturalMagick. Boo^j.
would it not bring forth any fuch grapes* Pliny fpcaks of Apple-damofins, and Nut* damofinsj but be fhe weth not the manner how they may be produced; happily, becau e it was never feen nor known. But we will demonstrate the manner of it to the whole world, by this example : this fruit is called an Almond- Peach by the late Writers, becaufe it bears in it felf the nature, both of the Almond and the Peach compounded together. And it is a new kind of Adultery or commixtion, wrought by skill and diligence ufed in gr-ffing ; fuch a fruit as was never heard of in former ages, partaking both of thefnape, and aKoof the qualities of either parent: out- wardly it refcmbles the Peach both in fhape and colour? but inwardly it hath a fweet Almond within the kernel , that both looks and taftes like an Almond j and fo is the Tree alfo a middle betwixt the Almond-tree and the Peach-tree, outwardly like the Peach-tree,and inwardly like the Almond-tree.The manner of engrafting is, by clapping the bud of one upon the bud of another • either upon one of the trees that bare one of the buds, or elfe fetting them both into a third tree, as we have done when the Trees have been old. We may alfo go farther, and upon that branch wherein thofe two buds grow up together, we may fet a third bud, and fo the fruit will be threefold. Thefe trees we had growing in our own Orchards many years together. By this ielf-fame means we may produce a very ftrange Apple j the won- dcrfulntffe whereof will ravifhour fenfes and our thoughts ; namely
A Qitron that hath a Limon in the inner farts : and this, I fay, we may produce by laying the bud cf a Citron upon the bud of a Limon. And the moft of thofe kinds arc to be found among the Brutii, a people dwelling neer Naples, and the Surrentines in Campania; and thefe fruits proceed from the tart juice that is within the branch. In like manner