Section 10

former
Of the (feneration of aAnimals. 37
former, to amend certain natural defers in ope kind; and the latter, to make their dogs ftronger for the game,and craftier to efpie and take advantagesjas corrmonly,to- gether with the properties of the body,the qualities of the mindare derived into the young ones. Ovid mentions fuch mungrels amongft dttaons dogs : and Oppiantu in his book of Hunting, counfels to join in the Spring-time, divers dogs together, if we defire to have any excellent parts in any ;| artbe dogs of Elis, with them of Arca- dia j the dogs of Crete, with them of Pannonia ; Thracians, with them of Caria ; Lacedaemonians, with them of Tufcia ; and Sarmatian dogs, with Spanifti dogs. Thus we fee, how to generate a dog as ttomackful as a Lion, as fierce as a Tygre, as craf- ty as a fox, as fpotted as a Leopard, and as ravenous as a Wolf.
Chap. VII. How to generate pretty little dogs to play with,
BEcaufe a dog is fuch a familiar creature with man, therefore we will (hew how to generate and bring up a little dog, and one that will be play-full. Firft of die generation
Of ItttU Dogs.
In times paft, women were wont to eftcem little dogs in great price, efpecially fuch as came from Malta the Ifland fituate in the AdriiticalSea, neer to Ragufius. Cal- Umaehus terms them Melitean dogs. And Artfiotle in his Problems, fliews the manner of their generation ; where he queflioneth, Why amongft living creatures of the fame kind, tome have greater, and fome have fmaller bodies ; and gives thereof a double reafon: one, is the ftraightneffe of the place wherein they are kept ; the other, is the fcarcenefle of their nourishment : and fome have attempted to leffen the bodies of them, even after their birth ; as they which nourilh up lit- tle whelps in fmall cages : for thereby they (horten and lelfen their bodies; bat their parts are prettily well knit together, as appears in Melitaean dogs : for nature performes her work, notwithftanding the place. Athentus writes, that the Syba- rites were much delighted with Melitaran dogs, which are fuch in the kind of dogs, •s Dwarfes are among men. They are much made of, and daintily kept , rather for pleafure then for any ufe. Thoie that are chofen for fuch a purpofe, are of the fmalleft pitch, no bigger at their beft growth then a moufe, in body well fet, having a little head, a fmall fnout, the nofe turning upward, bended fo for the purpofe when they were young ; long ears, fhort legs, narrow feer, tail fomewhat long, a fiiagged neck, with long hair to the (houldcrs, the other parts being as it were (horn, in co- lour white ; and fome of them are fliagged all over. Thefe being fhut up in a cage, you muft feed very fparingly,that they never have their fill; and let them couple with the lcaft you can find, that fo lefle may be generated ; for fo Hippocrates write*, that Northern people, by handling the heads of dogs while they be young, make them leffe then, and fo they remain even after they are come to their full growth : and in this flupe they gender others, fo that they make , as it were, another kind. But if you would know the generation of a
Dog that will do tricks and feats9
one that will make fport of himfelf, and leap up and down, and bark foftly, and gnaw without biting , and ttand upon his hindermoft legs, holding forth his other legs like hands , and will fetch and carry 5 you muft firft let them converfe and com- pany with an Ape , of whom they will learn many fportful tricks ; then let them line the Ape ; and the young one which is born of them two, will be exceeding pra&ifed to do feats, fuch as Juglers and Players are wont to (hew by their dogs. Albertns faith, that thefe kind of dogs may very well be generated of a dog and a fox.
CHAP*
iijc'f oJifn oj el9))ti *Si Kb* ; baial obo nt *l:>tab kufitn msrro bosrnt •>/ ,1901101 '
n, 8«- 9- • ' • / ' ••Ji; ' '» % tic 'llwljlfcl , \ :tti» • 9fIJ5Ct1'i'^' i;l *9ob .
Chap. VIH.
Hi?w amend the defetts and lackj that are in dogs^ by other means, ^ , - , • \ >•■ [O) r o ~>v rV" ?n .-'jd gint.*;
\A/E may alfolupply the lacks that are in dogs, by other means, and teach them new qualities, even by their food and nourifhment : for we have (hewed oft~ times, that qualities are drawn in together with the milk and nonrflfhment where-' bywelive. filumeilafhewshovt
to make Dogs fireng and fwift s
• If you would have them full of ft out fpirits, you muft fuffer them to fuck the breads of fome other beafts ; for alwayes the milk, and the fpirits of the nurfe, are much available , both for the quality of the body, and the qualities of the foul. Oppia- nm bids us to keep hunting dogs from fucking any ordinary Bitches, or Goats, or Sheep ; for.this, faith he, will make them too lazy and weak ; but they muft fuck a tame Lionefle, or Hart, or Doe, or Wolf ; for fo they will become fwift andftrong, like to their nurfes that give them fnck. And ty£lianui gives the very fame precept, in the very fame words : for, faith he, when they (hall remember that they had fuch ftrong and fwift nurfes, nature will make them afhamed not to refemble their quali- ties. Pollux faith,that for a while,the Dams milk is fitteft meat for whelps jbut after, let them lap the blood of thofe beafts which dogs have caught, that by little and little they may be acquainted with the fweetneffe of hunting. Ctefias 10 his book of Indian matters, writes, that the people called Cynamolgi, do nourifti and feed many dogs with Bulls blood, which afterward being let loofe at the Bulls of India, overcome them and kill them, though they be never fo fierce: and the people themfelvcs milk their Bitches, and drink it, as we drink Goats or Sheeps milk, as i&lianut reports : and Solinus writes, that this is fuppofed to make that people flap-mouthed, and to grin like dogs. We may alfo make
an Afs become cottragiousy
if we take him as foon as he is brought forth into the world, and put him to a Mare in the dark; that fhe may not difcern him ; for her own Colt being privily taken from her, (he will give fuck to the Afleasto her own foale: and when the hath done thus for the fpace of ten daies, flic will give him fuck alwayes after wil- lingly, though (he know him to be none of hers. Thus (hall he be larger, and bet- ter every way.
"/."..*. . .. j: •...!./-,'■>'• .!um no,
Chap. IX. How to bring forth divers kinds of Mules,
\7i7 E will fpeak of the commixtion of Affes, Horfes, and fuch like : though it be a ^ known matter, yet it may be we fhall adde fomething which may delight the Reader. a kind of theft and adultery devifed by man : firft committed by an Affe of Media, that by force covered a Mare, and by chance got her with foal ; which violence men learned of him, and after that made a cuftom of it. Homers Scholiaft faith, that Mules were firft devifed by the Venetians, a City of Paphlagonia. It is written in G wildcrneffe, found out Mules. Now
A Mule cometh of a, tMare and an Afs:
They have no root in their own kind; but are graffed as it were, and double-kin-
ded,
Of the (feneration of
ded,as fcirro faith. If you would have a Puong and a big Mule, you m:;ftchufe a Mareof the largeft aflize, and well-knit joints, nor regarding her fwiftnefle, but her ftrength. But thsrc is another kind of mule called Hinnus, that cometh
of a Horfe and a She-afs.
But here fpec'ul choice muft he made of the Afle, that fhe be of the largeft affize , ftron°!y jointed,and able to endure any labour,and of good qualities alfojfor howfo- ever it is the bire that gives the name to the young one,and it is called Hinnus,of the Horfe ; yet it grows altogether like the Dam, having the main and the tail of an Afle, but Hories ears ; and it is not fo great of body as the Mule is, but much flow- er, and much wilder. But the beft She-mules of all, are generated
of a wilde Afs, andofa She-afs^
and thefe are the fwifteft too ; for though the Mule that is begotten by the He»afle, be both in fhape and qualities very excellent in his kind,yec that which is begotten of the wilde Afle, comech nothing behind the other,butonly that it is unruly and ftub- born,and fomewhat fcammel,like the Sire.Thefe Mules thus gendced of a wilde Afle, andaShe-afle,if they be males, and put to cover a Mare, beget excellent young ones,which by little and little wax t2me,refembling the fhape and mildcefle of their Sire, but the ftomack and fwiftnefle of their Grand-fire; and they have exceeding hard feet, as Columella writes. Thefe happily are the Mules which Ariftotle writes, are only in Syria, (vvift, and fertile, called by the common name of Mules, becaufe of their fhape, though their kind be of a wild Afle. But there is a more common kind of
Strong Mules gendred of a Ball and an A fs>
which is a fourth fort of Mules, found in Gratianopoli?,and called by a French name, Jumar. Gefner report ?, that at the foot of the Hill Spelungus in Rhetia, was feen a Horfe gendred of a Mare and a Bull. And I my felf faw at Ferraria, certain beafts in the fhape of a Mule, but they had a Bulls head, and two great knobs in (lead of horns i they had alio a Bulls eyes, and were exceeding ftomackful, and their colonr was black : a fpedacle, wherewith we were much delighted. I have heard, that in France, they be common; but I could fee none there, though I parted through the whole Country.
Chap. X.
How to mingle the Sheep and Goats together^ by generation.
IF we would better any qualities in a Ram, we mud effect it by coupling them with wild beafts, fuch as are not much unlike>either in quantity or in kind. There is a beaft called
Mufymu, gendred of a Goat and a %^m.
Tlinj faith, that in Spain, but efpecially in Corfica, there are beafts called Mufimones not much unlike to Sheep, which have Goats hair, but in other parts, Sheep : the young ones which are gendred of them, coupling with Sheep, are called by the AntientSjUmbri: Strabo calls them Mufimones. But Albertus calls them Mufini or Mufimones. which are gendred of a Goat and a Ram. I have heard that in Rhe- tia, in the Helvetian confines, there are generated certain beafts, which are Goats in the hinder parts, but in the former parts, Sheep or Rams ; but they cannot live long, but commonly they die, as foon as they are born : and that there the Rams be- ing grown in years, are very ftr©ng and lufiful, and fo oft-times meeting with goats,
^,0 Natural Magick, TZook^i.
do run over them : and that the young ones which wilde Rams beget of tame Sheep, are in colour like the Sire, and fo is their breed after them - and the wool of the firft breed is foaggy, but in their after-breed loft and tender. On the other fide, there is a beart called
Cinirtu, generated of a He-goat) and an Ewe,
as the fame Albert™ writeth. But the beft devifed adultery is, to couple in gene- ration, and thereby to procreate young ones, of
A wilde and a tame Coat.
Writers affirm, that whatfoever kind hath fome wilde, and fome tame, the wi'de- neffe of them, it" they ccuple with the tame of the fame kind, is altered in the fuc- ceeding generations ; for they become tame. Columella writes, that many wilde Rams were brought out of Africa into Cales, by feme that fet out games before the people; and Columella, the Uncle of this Wjirer, bought fome of them, and put them into his grounds ; and when they were fomewhat tame, ne let them co- ver his Ewes: and thefe brought lambs that were rough, and hadthe colour of their Sire: but thefe then afterward coupling with the Ewes of Tarentum, begot lambs that had a thinner and a fofter fleece. And afterward, all their fucceeding generations refembled the colour of their ^ires, and Grand- fires, bnt the gent le- neffe and foftneffe of their Dams. The like is experienced in Swine: for we may bring forth
Of a wild and a tame Swine, the beaft called Hebrides :
for a Boar is exceeding hot in luft, and wonderfully defires coition ; infomuch,th t if the female refufe to couple with him,either he will force her,or kill her.And furely howfoever, fome wilde beads being made tame, are thereby unfit for generation, as aGoofe, a Hart brought up by hand from his birth ; and a Boar is hardly fruit- ful! in fuch a cafe : yet there is no kind fo apt for generation, the one being wilde, and the other tame, as the kind of Swine is. And thofe which are thus gendred, thefe half-wilds, are called Hybrides, happily becaufc they are generated in re- proachful adultery : for fignifies reproach.
Chap. XI.
Of fome other commixtions, -whereby other bea(ls of divers kinds are generated.
will fpeak yet farther of the commixtion of divers beafts differing in kinde ; as alfo of other mixtions derived from thefe, fo to find out all fuch kinds : and moreover we will fhew,that of their ycurg, leme take after the Sire moft,and fome after the Dim. Andfirft,that
A Leonard is gendred of a Libard and a Lionefs.
The LioneCTe is reported to burn in luft ; and becaufe the Lion is not fo fit for copu- lation, by reafonof his fuperfluity of heat, therefore fhe entertains the Libard in- to the Lions bed : but when her time of bringing forth draws neer , (he gets away into the Mountains, and fuch places where the Libards haunt : for they bring forth fpotted whelps, and therefore nurfe them in thick woods very covertly, making fhew to the Lions, that they go abroad only to feek fome prey ; for if the Lions at any time light upon the whelps, they tear them in pieces, as being a baftard brood, as Thiloflratm writes. In the wilde of Hircania, there are Leopards, as it were, ano- ther kind of Panthers, which are known well enough, which couple with theLio- nclTe, and beget Lions but they are but bafe Lions,as Solintts writes. Iftodert faith,
Of the (generation of Animals. 4.1
that the Libard and the Lionefle coupling together, procreate a Leopard, and to make a third kind. Tliny faith, Thac thole Lions which are generated of Li- bard?, do wane che mones of Lions. And Solwut faith, that the Lion can find cut by his fmell, when the Lionefle hath played the Harlot; and leeks to re- venge it upon her with all his might : and therefore the Lionefie wifhes h^r felf in fome River, or elfe keeps aloof from him, till the lcent be wafted. Now as there are two fores of Mules, one of a Horte and an Afle, the other of an Afie and a Mire; io there are two forts cf Leopards, one of a Li- bard and a Lioneffe, the other of a Lion and a Panther, or She-libard : that is in body like a Lion, but not in courage; this is in bedy and colour like a Libard, bac no: in ftomack : for all double-kinded creatures , take aloft after their mother, efpecially for frnpe and quantity of their bodie?. Claudi*rmi faith , true there is a kinde of Libard, which he calls a Water-libard , that is gene- rated of a mingled feed, when a ftrong and vigorous Lib5rd meeteth with a Lioneff*, and happily coupleth with h;r: and this kinde of Libard is like the Mre for his fpots, but his back and the portraiture of his body is like his Dam, Now there is another copulation of the Lionefle, when the
Hyana, ani the Ltoneffe gender the beafi Crocuta ;
for the Lionefle is very furious in !uft, (as we fhewed before) and couples with divers kinds of beafts: For Plmy writes , and Solimts writes the fame „ That the Hyaena and the Lionefle of /Ethiopia, gender the beaftCrccuta. Like- v ifc the Panther is a moftluftful beaft, and fhe alio couples with beafts of divers kinds ; with a Wolf efpecially : of both which, the i
Hycopanther^ or beaft called Thoesy is gendred ;
for the Panther, when her facoting is ccme, goeth up and down, and makes a great noile, and thereby aflembles many, both of her own kind, and of o- ihe: kinds alfo. And amoegft the reft, the Wolf oft-times meets and cou- ples with her, and from them is generated the beaftThoes, which refembles the D^m in the fpots of his skin, but in his looks he refembles the Sire. Ojianm faith, That the Panther and the Wolfe do gender this Thoes, and vet he is of neither kinde : for, faith he, oft-times the Wolfe couieih to the Panthers Den, snd couples with her ; and thence is generated the Thoes : whole skin is very hard, and is meddled with both their fhapes; skinned like a Panther, and headed like a Wolfe. There is alfo a