C. T. Davis, 1886.

| We would draw especial attention to a bar taken from the first edition of Ben Jonson's Works. At the first glance the markings on this bar appear to be meaningless, or cabalistic, but if the reader will take a card in each hand and cover up or screen each portion by turns, he may agree with the present writer that the marks resolve themselves into a name, and perhaps a double repetition of the letters R C. Thus, to the left extremity C followed by R reversed. Then begins the name, A, of which the right side forms part of the sloping letter N ; an upright with cross- piece, T ; the same upright, connected half way down with a curved
Y
346 FRANCIS BACON
12. The system of paper-marks still exists, though under modi- fied conditions. Books are now printed too cheaply to admit of the old use of " water-marked " paper. Where, however, these marks are absent, we find a series of other marks, less beautiful, and far less conspicuous, but equally significant and curious, and which, in due season, we hope to explain by the aid of photography and the microscope.
On the other hand, " deficiencies " in this department of knowledge are unhappily numerous. Let it therefore be in- quired :
1. Which were the very earliest paper-mills in England ? To whom did they belong? What were the water-marks on the paper produced there ?
2. Which was the first printed book for which the paper was made in England ?
3. From what foreign mills did our English printers import paper ?
4. At what date did the papers with the hand and the pot receive the distinctive additions which, for want of a better name, we have termed Baconian ?
5. In what books may we see the very latest examples of the candlesticks, the grapes, and the pot in the paper ?
6. When and why was the use of paper-marks in printed books discontinued ? Was the discontinuance simultaneous and universal ? Was there truly a discontinuance of the system of secret marks, or, rather, did a change or modification take place, in order to adapt these secret marks to the exigencies of modern requirements in printing and book-making ?
7. When Sir Nicholas Bacon, in his youth, resided for three or four years in Holland, did he visit and study the manufactories of paper ? Does any record show him mixed up in any business relations with paper manufacturers ?
8. What part did the old printers and publishers play in the secret society ? For instance, John Norton (Lady Anne Bacon's
stroke, H ; at the end of the curved stroke, a small but distinct O, followed by an N, sloping greatly to the left, and from which proceeds, to the right, a smaller Y — ANTHONY. In the H and its curved line there is an irregularity suggestive of a monogram of R C. But these are only suggestions; other eyes and imaginations may interpret them differently.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 347
cousin) and the Spottisworths — both families in which these trades have in an eminent degree flourished ever since.
9. Did the " Baconian " water-marks remain in use until circa 1680, — in fact, for just one hundred years from the time when the first document of the Rosicrucian society was pub- lished ?
• 10. Was it intended that, by the end of the period of one hundred years, all the posthumous works of Francis Bacon, " My cabinet and presses full of payers" should have been pub- lished by his followers ? and did the system of water-marks in printed books cease at that period ?
11. Are printers and paper-makers, as a rule, Freemasons? Do they mutually co-operate and understand each other's marks ?
12. If not, what reasons do they adduce for the mystery which is still cast over simple matters connected with their use- ful and beneficent crafts, and for the unusual difficulties which are met with in obtaining any good books or any trustworthy information upon the subjects which we have been considering ? S&13. Is there any period at which modern Freemasonry and Rosier ucianism propose to clear up and reveal these apparently useless and obstructive " secrets " ?
14. Or, what is supposed to be the advantage, either to the public or to individuals, in keeping up these or other mystifica- tions, historical or mechanical ? Once, doubtless, helpful and protective, guides as well as guardians, they now seem to be mere stumbling-blocks in the way of knowledge.
Further on we shall have to inquire, who are they who have the right and the power so to manipulate the printed catalogues of our public libraries as to enable them to convey hints to the initiated of books specially to their purpose ; and to repress open references to books or documents sought for by Non-masonic students ? For the present we merely throw out these hints to encourage observers to note very precisely every instance in which such aberrations occur. In matters connected with these subjects they are not infrequent, and the student need not despair of getting an important book because it is not in the printed catalogue of a great library.
Perhaps it may not be amiss to give a few hints to observers
348 FEANCIS BACON
unaccustomed to the technical matters involved in making a book. Let them take notice that in folio editions the paper- marks are to be found about the centre of the page ; but in small quartos, where the paper is folded so as to form four sheets, in octavos, where another fold produced eight sheets, and in duo- decimos, where the folds are again multiplied, the paper-marks will often be found divided into two or four parts. Usually, the sheet having been bent in the middle where the papar-mark is, the halves of the marks will be seen at the binding, say, half on pages 1 and 2, and the other half on pages 7 and 8. But in smaller books, the water-marks are still more divided, and sometimes appear in pieces in the outer margins. The eye soon becomes accustomed to distinguish these arrangements, although the division of the design makes the work more troublesome.
Even in the large and undivided marks, the letter-press and engravings often obscure the design. Many specimens must be compared, and many drawings made, before the exact character of the mark can be ascertained.
This is the excuse, pleaded beforehand, for any errors or mis- conceptions in the drawings which accompany this book. It is also the cause why these illustrations have been taken from such a limited circle of books. Those in our own library, or belonging to friends, can be traced against the light with red ink, and then carefully re-traced. But this is impossible in books belonging to public libraries, where the difficulty of measuring and copying is much increased by the little aid which the all-cheering sun deigns to bestow, and by the impracticability of holding up large folios towards his veiled face. He seems to be in league with the paper-makers and printers, and the electric light is kinder in this respect.
For the present, to avoid fruitless controversy, and to enclose the range of observation within a manageable area, we withhold any notice of paper-marks in books produced by " authors " living only after Bacon's time. Yet it is right to caution observers that they should by no means discontinue their notes and researches in books published, even for the first time, after 1626, the date of his pretended death.
Startling disclosures are made by collating these paper-marks, and other technical particulars, in books which, from internal
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 349
evidence, are judged to have been written or aided by Francis or Anthony Bacon, and which, by these external and demon- strable signs, are " hall-marked " by the paper-maker and the printer. To anyone sufficiently possessed by the spirit of inquiry or love of truth, to labour after it, and personally to test and follow up the statements and suggestions made above, it will, we think, be difficult to resist the conclusions to which we have been drawn. They will perceive that, if indeed Anthony Bacon was not (as some think) a considerable author, poet, and playwright, yet that, for more than twenty-five years, he ener- getically collaborated with Francis, whom (some say) he equalled in ivit, though not in profound learning. We confess to strongly-increasing doubts as to Anthony having taken any part in the writing, excepting as secretary or amanuensis.
It must also, we think, be ere long made manifest that the works hitherto attributed to Francis Bacon are samples only, tastes of his quality; giving, as they were intended to give, excellent hints and indications of the manifold works of all kinds and (as Ben Jonson declared) in "all numbers," actually written, dictated, or directed by him ; constructed and published by his "Method."
Which of Bacon's works is in the true sense complete? Perfect in its kind it may be (as, for instance, any single Essay). But can any of these works be considered finished and exhaustive ? Does any one of them "fill up " its own subject ? On the contrary, almost all are in some sort fragmentary ; * and for our own part, in the acknowledged works of Francis Bacon we see but a collection of masterly sketches — vast maps in out- line, magnificent designs, whose every detail he had elsewhere studied and attempted to trace out, so that the next ages should have but to copy, fill in, enlarge, diminish, colour, or elaborate. " Will you make this man a monster, with powers abnormal and supernatural ? " The question has been asked more than once, and the reply is as before. No man could have read, imagined, cogitated, and devised as Francis Bacon did, if at the same time he had to conduct the mechanical business requisite in the pro-
* Perhaps the History of Henry VII. should be excepted. Yet even this begins as though it were the end or concluding portion of a History of Richard III., and not as would be expected in a separate and complete history.
350 FRANCIS BACON
duction of great works on a vast variety of subjects. Though we have it on the authority of Dr. Sprat, that the powers of mind of Bacon were equal to those of twenty, if not (as some seem to have said) of a thousand men ; yet neither his bodily strength nor length of days would have sufficed for such a work. He must have had help in the most tedious particulars, and the method has already been explained by which, according to the present view, the Freemasons and Rosicrucians became engines or machines for the execution of all mechanical work.
And for a Monster in mind, who has ever matched Francis Bacon ? Truly, like Caesar, he
" Did get the start of the majestic world, And bear the palm alone."
Is it not true that still
" He doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus ; and that petty men Walk under his huge legs, and peep about To find themselves dishonourable graves " ?
A monster ? — Yes, that is the very name which his friend Sir Tobie Matthew claims for him. He challenges anyone " to muster out of any age four men who, in many respects, should excel four such as we are able to show — Cardinal Wolsey, Sir Thomas More, Sir Philip Sydney, and Sir Francis Bacon, for they were all a kind of monsters in their several ways." After extolling the first three, he continues :
" The fourth was a creature of incomparable abilities of mind, of sharp and catching apprehension, large and faithful memory, plentiful and sprouting invention, deep and solid judgment; . . . a man so rare in knowledge of so many several kinds, indeed with the facility of expressing it in so elegant, significant, so abundant, and yet so choice and ravishing a way of words, of metaphors, and allusions, as perhaps the world has not seen since it was a world."
So, of all intellectual monsters who had appeared until the time of Sir Tobie Matthew, incomparably the greatest was Francis Bacon. Sir Tobie was well aw7are that detraction would not suffer his eulogy to pass unchallenged, but he throws down the gauntlet which no man has yet ventured to pick up :
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 351
" I know," he continues, " that this may seem a great hyper- bole and strange kind of riotous excess of speech ; but the best means of putting me to shame will be for you to place any man of yours by this of mine. And in the meantime even this little makes a shift to shew that the genius of England is still not only eminent, but predominant, for the assembling great variety of those rare parts, in somf& single man, which may be incom- patible anywhere else."
Bacon's works are sometimes described or alluded to as being of so stupendous a kind that it is impossible to conceive his having time, even had he the ability or inclination, for other compositions. But, in fact, the whole of his written composi- tions, excluding letters but including the law tracts and charges, would fill only four of the fourteen volumes which appear on our shelves as Spedding's Life, Letters, and Works of Bacon. The rest consist of letters, transactions, variorum editions, and comments by the editors.
Compare with this the voluminous productions of some of his contemporaries. Coke " wrote thirty-one volumes with his own hand1' (yet he was a busy public man like Bacon). Eichard Baxter is " said to have produced " 145 distinct works, as he himself says, "in the crowd of other employments." Thomas Heywood, the actor, is " said to have written " 220 or 240 plays, "A Life of Merlin," a " Life of Elizabeth," " The Lives of the Nine Worthies, etc.," the last item admitting of many possi- bilities.
Montaigne "feared to glut the world with his works" (a surprising statement if nothing is claimed for him excepting one volume of essays). As to Jaspar Barthius, though his contemporaries do not bestow upon him any particular notice, yet Bayle tells us that his works on many various subjects " make so prodigious a mass that one has difficulty in conceiving how a single man could suffice for such things."
When, at some future time, we are able to discuss at leisure particulars which have been collected, and which link together the friends, correspondents, and colleagues of Francis and Anthony Bacon, we will endeavour to satisfy inquirers as to the methods of these and other " voluminous writers " of the six- teenth and seventeenth centuries. For the present let it be noted that Francis Bacon's acknowledged works were neither
352 FRANCIS BACON
voluminous nor stupendous ; that, on the contrary, three or four modest volumes are all that were published under his name. Other authors, who are ranked amongst the giant minds of Bacon's time by the critics, commentators, and biographers of the nineteenth century, are not so much as named by their proto- types of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Neither Sir Tobie Matthew, Sir Henry Wotton, nor Ben Jonson include them in their lists of great writers or thinkers.
There is indeed no weight or value in the argument that Francis Bacon had not the time, even if he had the ability, to write the works which we attribute to him ; he had time, know- ledge, and genius enough for it all ; nor is there any great difficulty in conceiving the method by which he achieved his great enterprise. Neither does he leave it to our imagination, but explains clearly that it is only by the combination of many minds to one general end, and by the division of labour in particulars, that any real advance can be made, and that it is by examination and experiment, not by talk and argument, that the work can be accomplished.
" This road [of practical experience and demonstration] has an issue in the open ground not far off ; the other has no issue at all, but endless entanglement. . . . Moreover, I think that men may take some hope from my own example. And this I say, not by way of boasting, but because it is useful to say it. If there be any that despond, let them look at me, that, being of all men of my time the most busied in affairs of state, and a man of health not very strong (whereby much time is lost), and in this course altogether a pioneer, . . . have, nevertheless, by resolutely entering on the true road, and submitting my mind to things, advanced these matters, as I suppose, some little way. And then let them consider what may be expected (after the way has been thus indicated) from men abounding in leisure, and from association of labours in successive ages : the rather because it is not a way over which only one man can pass at a time (as is the case with the way of reasoning), but one in which the labours and industries of men, especially as regards the collecting of experience, may with the best effect be distributed, and then combined. For then only will men begin to know their strength, when, instead of great numbers doing all the same things, one shall take charge of one thing, and another of another.''1 *
* Nov. Org. I. cxiii.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 353
Observe that he puts distribution first. This assumes a Distributer, a head or chief moving spirit, who shall apportion to his subordinates the work which he considers them to be capable of performing. Moreover, look at the phrase in brackets. Here Bacon hints that he did the reasoning part of the work himself. That could be deputed to none other. In days when language was halt and lame, when men's powers of observation were dimmed, and all other faculties for resolving high and deep thoughts into beautiful language were ranked among the Deficients, how was it possible that ordinary men combine in their writings or their speeches the most extensive learning, the finest reasoning, and the clearest, most cogent, or charming method of delivery ?
Bacon warns * " those who take upon them to lay down the law as to the bounds of knowledge — as to what is possible and what impossible to know or achieve," that they "have done great injury. For, whether they have spoken in simple assur- ance or professional affectation, they have been equally successful in quenching and stopping inquiry, and have done more harm by stopping other men's efforts than good by their own." Was there ever a time when these words were truer than now, and in relation to his own works, and the investigations connected with them ? Can we too strongly grapple to our hearts his advice that we should "take up, with better judgment, a position between these two extremes — between the presumption or pronouncing on everything and the despair of comprehending anything ; that, though frequently and bitterly complaining of the difficulty of inquiry and the obscurity of things, yet, none the less, we should follow up our own object, thinking that this very question — whether or no anything can be known — is to be settled, not by arguing, but by trying " f He " draws an argu- ment of hope from this, that some of the inventions already known are such as, before they were discovered, could hardly have entered any man's head to think of ; for, in conjecturing what may be, men set before them the example of ichat has been, and divine of the New, with imagination preoccupied and coloured by the Old."
Having illustrated his meaning by examples from the inven-
* Nov. Org. Pref .
354 FRANCIS BACON
tions of gunpowder, silk, and the magnet, he continues : " We have discoveries to show of another kind, which prove that noble inventions may be lying at our very feet, and yet mankind may step over without seeing them. For, however the dis- covery of gunpowder, of silk, of the magnet, of sugar, of paper " (which, observe, he did not mention before) " may seem to depend on certain properties of things themselves and nature, there is, at any rate, nothing in the art of printing which is not plain and obvious. * . . . This most beautiful discovery, which is of so much service in the propagation of knowledge," he attributes to the observation of simple facts, arguing that such is the infelicity and unhappy disposition of the human mind in this course of discovery or invention that it first distrusts and then despises itself ; first, will not believe that any such thing can be found out, and, when it is found out, cannot understand how the world should have missed it so long. Far from being dis- couraged, he repeats that he takes all this as a ground for hope, and there is yet another. " Let men but think of their infinite expenditure of understanding, time, and means, or matters of pursuit of much less value, whereof, if but a small part were directed to sound and solid studies, there is no difficulty that might not be overcome."
Does anyone suggest that the interpretations of the paper- marks are " arbitrary " or " speculative," the attempted explana- tions of doubtful matters erroneous or incomplete ? Let him turn to the beginning of this book and see again that these things are offered, not as perfect fruits, but as some of the best which we have been able to reach or pick up. They are, for the most part, a humble "collection," such as Francis Bacon instructed his disciples to make for examination and considera- tion ; though some are the products of real research and ex- amination, and of a simple but effective process of " putting two and two together."
Should more accurate information be forthcoming, better suggestions be offered, we shall heartily greet them from what- ever quarter they may come, rejoicing if we may in any degree
♦Though so plain and obvious, the art of printing is amongst the subjects, enumerated by Bacon, which required, and which still requires, a separate "History." See the Catalogue of Histories, No. 110, at the end of the Parasceve.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 355
have cleared the way for the advance of truth, or inspired others to better work than we are capable of doing. All that is asked, and this earnestly, is that these things may be fairly discussed, pressed home, and thoroughly looked into. It is in vain "to wave them courteously aside " in the prescribed Freemason fashion, or to thrust them churlishly out of sight as trivialities, matters of course, mere curiosities for the book-worm or the crank."
It is surely wrong as well as vain to attempt to quench the true spirit of inquiry by endeavouring to make the inquirer appear contemptible, and his researches childish and silly. Such devices must in the end return upon the heads of those who practise them, and, although they may delay and harass the advance of knowledge, they cannot stop it; for "Nothing is subtle when it be conceived," and we know now that, though we have not, as Bacon says, " found an issue into open ground," yet we have got out of the " entanglement," and see daylight.
The questions asked, and the problems propounded, are neither trivial nor absurd, nor matter for pedantic dogmatism and argumentative controversy. Rather they are questions to be weighed and considered — and more. If it be true that " cogitation resides not in the man who does not think" so, surely, it resides but as smoke and fumes in the man who does not examine.
M Orpheus was torn to pieces by the Furies, and the River Helicon, in sorrow, hid its waters underground, and rose again in other places." So with the great religious, literary, and scientific society which Francis Bacon did so much to glorify and render permanent. It hid its waters in England during the time of the civil wars and their attendant miseries. But those waters rose again with renewed freshness. Can we not trace them bubbling up in France, Spain, and Italy, but still more in Germany and Holland, which seem for a while to have been their largest reservoir ? The Rosicross Brethren never ceased their beneficent efforts in England, but they worked like the " old mole," underground, and in silence. Bacon and his won- derful work are better known and understood in Germany than in England. " His fame," says Dr. Rawley, " is greater, and sounds louder in foreign parts abroad, than at home in his own nation, thereby verifying that divine sentence, ' A prophet is not
356 FRANCIS BACON
without honour, save in his own country and in his own house.' " He concludes the short life of his beloved master with these words :
" Howsoever his body was mortal, yet no doubt his memory and works will live, and will in all probability last as long as the world lasteth/'
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Plate XXVII.
LIST Of PAPER-MARKS.
Plate I .
1. Sphere surmounted by star or crosses. Account books, Hague. British Museum collection. 1301.
2, 3. „ Account books, Hague. British Museum col- lection. 1356, 1430.
„ 5|- inches high, slightly different. Cotton MSS. Nero 127. 4, „ Scarabeus. Jansen (in Sotheby). 1315.
5, 6. „ One with water line = Holy Spirit. Jansen (in Sotheby). 1360. 7 — 21. „ with triangle = the Trinity ; ellipse = Holy Spirit. The figure 4, sacred number in " Perfect Masonry,' ' meaning the universe, four elements, four winds, four seasons, four dimensions, as generally con- ceived, length, breadth, depth, height. In 9a is a figure 4, the Egyptian hierogram = Greek alpha and omega. The T, which frequently appears in these plates, signifies light. The double tau> a very ancient symbol of the sacred sanctuary of light and beauty, resembles H. Two I's, with a cross between, as 96, conveys the same idea as Fig. 10. A cross iu a sphere is the Druidical silver wheel, Arianrod — emblem of the Bi-une God, the alpha and omega of the Revelations. Chiefly from the collection, Britisli Museum, 318c Vol. VII. No. 11. is five inches long. Circa 1400. 12. D, a mystic word expressive of the power of expanding, spreading, unfolding, laying open. * Di was a term for the Deity, from which we have Day (Dai), the Disposer, the Distributer. We ask God to " give us
* Celtic Researches, p. 446, Davies, quoted B. of God, II. 441.
386 FRANCIS BACON
each day our daily bread." Biblia Pauperum; Sotheby's Principia; Cotton, Nero vi. 218, 230. 1590.
13, 14. Spanish Letters.
15 — 17. The three mounts — probably Calvary or Golgotha, Moriah, and Sinai, to which Masonic traditions are attached. At Golgotha Adam was buried, who caused the ruin of mankind. Here the Saviour suffered, who came to redeem mankind. Here, too, Enoch is said to have constructed his vine-arched vault, and concealed from men the ineffable name of God. It is said that the Masons discovered this vault and brought it to Solomon. Mount Moriah was the seat of Solomon's Temple, and a story too long for inser- tion relates how this mount came to be consecrated to brotherly love.* Mount Sinai is said to be referred to in the twenty-third and twenty-fourth degrees of the (Prince of the Tabernacle) Scottish Ancient and Accepted Rite. But Scottish Masonry is not traceable to a date earlier than 1758, and then only in Paris. Perhaps it then adopted the modern name of " Free Mason." British Museum, 318c, Vol. VII.
18. Five mounts (or hills of knowledge ?) British Museum,
318c vii.
19. Some of many varieties of keys. Biblia Pauperum.
20. Anvil. True size, 3J inches, many patterns. Haarlem
account book. 1416 — 1421.
21. „ German MSS. Fifteenth century.
22. „ Cross. Double tau. Cotton MSS. Nero vi. 163. 1603.
23. Flaming sun. Cotton MSS. Caligula E 302. 1598.
24. St. Katherine's wheel, or disguised sun. Ars Moriendi
— Hibbert.
25. Scales. Biblia Pauperum.
26. „ Many patterns, some within a circle. British Museum, 318c. Circa 1400.
27. „ British Museum, 318c.
* See Royal Masonic Cyclopozdia— Moriah.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 387
28, 29. Anchors. Eleven varieties in account books, etc. — Holland. British Museum, 318c. 1416—1463 See, also, Nos. 21, 22, Plate II. Some have roses, fleur- de-lis, etc.
30. Serpent, with its tail in its mouth — emblem of eternity
3| inches diameter. British Museum, 15c ii.
31. Five-pointed star in circle. Five is a mystic number,
meaning the soul of the world. A star, the emblem of a heavenly messenger, or teacher. The circle = the world.
32. The ship or ark of the church. Cotton MSS. Nero vi.
108. 1529. British Museum, 318c vii. 1400.
Plate II.
1 — 3. Unicorns. Symbol of the Church. One marked as if for cipher. There are four other varieties, 1430, and more 1460— all German. Ar$ Moriendi. 1440. Also in Apocalypse, and in the Speculum, first edition, 1430—1465.
4, 5. „ Drayton's Poems, three patterns. Brit. Mus., 11,573. (Sotheby.) 1620.
6. Talbot or hound, symbol of hunting or experience. The
Oxford Book St. Jerome. (Sotheby.) " Printed date," 1468.
7. „ from a Dutch Bible, copy of the Aretin. The paper of the Bodleian copy of the Aretin, " dated " Oxford, 1479, exhibits no fewer than twenty-two different paper-marks, nearly all of which occur in the Dutch Bible of 1477. Brit. Mus., 318c. 1477.
8. A dog-headed figure merging into a horn or spire.
Anthony Bacon's correspondence. Tenison MSS., Lambeth Palace. 9—11. Bulls' heads. Brit. Mus., 318c. Circa 1470.
12. Bull's head. The original is seven inches high. Ars Moriendi. 13 — 20. Bulls' heads. No. 20 is seven inches long. Brit. Mus.,
318c. 1400. 21, 22. Anchors. See Plate I. Brit. Mus., 318c. 22—26. Letters G, M, P, Y. See Sotheby's Principia Xylo-
388 FEANCIS BACON
graphic*, xi., leaf 8, chap. 25. In the " Barclay H copy of the Apocalypse, the I H S are elaborately introduced in the style of the early English letters, and with crosses and flourishes. MSS. and the Apocalypse, Spenser copy. 1440, 1460.
Plate III.
1. Open hand. Archives Haarlem, British Museum, 318c.
1432.
2. „ Letter written to the Archbishop of Bath. Archives Haarlem, British Museum, 318c. 1433.
3—5. „ with heart. Cotton MSS. Caligula E vii. 205. 1573.
6. „ with 3. From Rome. Cotton MSS. Caligula E, vii. 205. 1521.
7. „ with cross. Chapman's Works, British Museum,
C 34c 11. 1598.
8. Hand, with key. Archives Haarlem. 1427-8.
9. „ with bunch of grapes.
10. „ with star. Finch Hatton MSS. Dateless. 11, 12. „ with star. Cotton MSS. British Museum, Nero vi. 35. Dateless.
13. „ with letter, signed A. Powlett. Cotton MSS. Caligula E vii. 205. 1577.
14. „ horn or crescent and trefoil, and A B, in pedi-
grees of the Bacon family. Harleian MSS. 1393, fol. 85.
15. „ with crescent in palm. Shepherd's Garland —
Drayton. British Museum, C 30e 21. 1593.
16. „ with 3. No star. Undated document, foreign. Finch Hatton MSS. 1393.
17, 18. Bugle. Account book, Hague, and letter to the Bishop of Durham. British Museum, 318c. 1421.
19. „ (in heart, trefoil). Paradise Lost; Andrew Marvel's Verses. 1668.
20. „ in shield. Letter of Francis Allen, or Alleyne, to Anthony Bacon. Tennison MSS., Lambeth. 1592 — 1641.
21. „ in mirror, hearts, trefoil, etc. Bacon's History of
Henry VII.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 389
22. Bugle on shield, imperfect ; and a bar on which is PAN.
Quarles' Emblems. 1639.
23. „ Paradise Lost. 1668.
24. „ A Learned Discourse of Justification by Faith —Richard Hooker, D.D. 1631.
25. „ made by olive' wreath and crown, horns, trefoil. Observe the S S, and that the same shield is a pot in disguise. From Bacon's History Natural and Experimental, title-page, and History of Life and Death, preface. 1658.
26 — 30. Specimens of innumerable fleur-de-lis, some t\ inches high, scattered about in the above works and MSS.
Plate IV.
1. Horns of a bull. MSS. Frankfort. British Museum.
318c. 1470.
2. „ Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy ; unique copy, presented by Burton to the Nation. British Museum, C 45c 30. 1621.
3—5. „ Moliere's Works. 1682.
6. „ or cornucopeia, crown indistinct. Cotton, Nero vi. 132. 1632. Another in Shakespeare, 1632, and Cotton, Nero vi. 48.
7. „ Cotton, Nero vi. 368.
8. „ etc. Bullock pedigree. Harl. 1393, fol. 96.
10 — 12. Fool's cap and fragments. Quarles' Emblems. Dyce and Forster Library, S. Kensington Museum. 1676.
13. „ Bagford collection, fol. 29.
14. Moor's head, with bandage pushed up from the eyes.
(An allusion to the efforts being made to convert the Mohammedans?) Circa 1420.
15. Twisted horns.
16. ,, Advancement of Learning. 1605.
17. Triangle, hearts. Harl. MSS., 1393, 88.
18. Shield. Account book, Zuid, Holland. British Museum,
318c. 1469-1470.
19. „ Document, Frankfort on the Main. British Museum, 318c. 1470.
20, 21. „ other specimens. Dutch. 1460.
390 FRANCIS BACON
22, 23. Shield. Apocalypse, Haarlem. Early 15tli century. 24. „ heart-shaped. Letter, H. Maynard to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS, Lambeth. 1592. 25, 26. „ heart-shaped. Poems of Michael Drayton. 1619.
27. „ heart-shaped. Letters of Sir Francis Bacon. Copies. Finch Hatton Collection.
28. „ heart-shaped. North's Plutarke. 1595.
29. ,, Letter from Theodore Beza to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS., Lambeth. 1593.
30. „ heart-shaped. Letter unsigned. Cotton MSS. Nero, 229. 1590.
31, 34. „ heart-shaped, with R C. Advancement of Learning. 1640.
32. „ heart-shaped. Document. Cotton, Nero vi. 180.
33. „ heart-shaped. Be Augmentis. Holland. 1652.
Plate V.
1. Shield, with Greek Omega, and eight rays within. Cot-
ton MSS. Nero vi. 62. Dateless.
2. „ with B, and the name NICOLAS. Cotton MSS. 372. Dateless.
3. „ with C R. Advancement of Learning. 1640.
4. „ with B (almost like No. 2). Harl. MSS. 1393, fol. 118.
5, 6. „ (note horns and eye). From the Comedy of Errors, Shakespeare. 1632.
7. „ (note bull face). Shakespeare. 1632.
8. ,, (note bull face). The Works of Joseph Mede. 1677.
9. „ (note bull face). Modern mark, in L. Van
Gelders paper. 1890.
10. Mock shield, lions. George Herbert — The Temple.
1633.
11. History of Life and Death. 1638.
12. Advancement of Learning. 1640.
14. Fleur-de-lis. Coriolanus — Shakespeare. 1632.
15. Fleur-de-lis and crown. Apocalypse, Haarlem. Early
fifteenth century. Large oval shields, lions, harp, fleur-de-lis, Harl. Bagford's Collection, 5892, fol. 5 ;
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 391
other patterns, Ms. 80, 96, 105, 122 ; others, with lions rampant, one five inches high, Bagford, 5896, 6. 17, 18. Bar. IRC. Cynthia s Revels — Ben Jonson. (Per- haps Jonson Rosy Cross ?)
Plate VI.
1. Shield, chains, cabalistic marks. Works of J. Mede.
1652.
2. ,, The Rule of Conscience — Jeremy Taylor, 1671.
3. „ Theophrastus Paracelsus — Opera Omnia, Geneva. 1658.
„ and cross. Companion to the Temple — J. Comber, D.D. 1684. 4 — 9. Mock shield and fleur-de-lis. " Diodati " Bible and Commentary. 1648.
10. Bar. Shakespeare folio — Cymbeline, last page. CIRC.
(Jonson Rosy Cross ?) 1623.
11. ,, Ben Jonson's Works — title-page and catalogue. 1640. (Anthony ? This bar surmounted by large bunch of grapes.)
12, 13. Fleur-de-lis and pearls. Vestal Virgin (epil.) — Sir R.
Howard. Circa 1450—1600. 14, 15. Spires rising from bulls' heads. Foreign paper. 16. Fleur-de-lis. Shakespeare — Cymbeline. 1632. 17, 18. „ The Merchant's Booh of Commerce — Thos.
Home Cornhill. 1700.
Plate VII.
1 — 4. Crowns. Shakespeare, Works. Brit. Mus. copy. 1623. 5 — 9. „ Shakespeare, Works. Kensing. Mus. Forster copy. 1623.
10. „ Philomathes — Pleasure with Profit. 1694.
11. „ Harl. Bagford Collection, 5892, 1.
12. „ with rose in pentagon. Finch Hatton MSS. 304.
13. „ diamond. MS. Quintilian. Brit. Mus. 4829 iv.
14. „ Themata Varia. Finch Hatton MSS. 304.
15. „ MS.
392 FRANCIS BACON
16, 18. Crowns. Sir Walter Raleigh's History of the World. Several patterns. 1614.
19. „ North's Plutarke. Brit. Mus. 10,605, i. 2. 1603.
20. Truth seated in triple ellipse, five pearls, diamond, tre-
foil, water, cross, crown. Joynson's foolscap paper. 1890. Another, one-tenth of an inch smaller, details different, Toogood's paper. Another in fly-leaf to book has Time as an old man instead of Truth.
Plate VIII.
1. Tower. Nuremberg Chronicle. Jo. Ames' collection,
Bodleian library.
2. Castle-like candlesticks. A. Powlett — French docu-
ment. Cotton MSS. 73, 92. 3, 4. Pillars or candlesticks, drawn in Fenn's collection, pp. 8, 21.
5. Double candlesticks, with grapes, etc. Note the B.
Douai Testament. 1600.
6. Single candlesticks. Observations on Ccesar's Com-
mentaries— Clement Edmundes. 1609.
7. Double candlestick in Visitation of Wiltshire. Pedi-
grees signed by Wm. Camden (Clarencieux). Harl. MSS. 1111. This water-mark follows for five pages the Bacon pedigree, beginning at fol. 38. Again they occur ten times in a pedigree of the Penryddokes. The widow of John Penryddoke married John Cooke, kinsman of Lady Anne Bacon.
8. Double candlesticks. Lectures on St. John, " preached "
by Arthur Hilderson. 1628.
9. „ Quarles' Feast for Wormes. 1631.
10. „ Marlowe's Jew of Malta. British Museum, 644c 70. 1633.
11. „ Milton's Comus. (Several patterns.) 1634. 12-12e. „ Quarles' Emblems. (Sixteen patterns.) 1635 —
1634. 13, 13a. „ A Review of the Councell of Trent — Anon.
(Five patterns.) 1638. 14, 14a. „ Be Augmentis. 1638.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 393
Plate IX.
15. Double candlesticks. History of Life and Death. 1638.
16. ,, Advancement of Learning. 1640. 17, 17a. „ Ben Jonson's Poetaster. 1640. 18, 19. „ History of^Henry VII. 1641.
20. „ Sir Kenelm Digby's Treatises.
21. The Art of Making Devises, etc. — Anon. Various.
Very large and elaborate in edition 1650. S. Ken. Forster, 87c. 1646.
22. Double candlesticks. Fuller's History of the Holy
Warre, 3rd edition, Cambridge. 1647.
23. „ Undescribed and dateless. Bodleian collection,
25, 837d i.
Plate X.
24, 25. Double candlesticks. Sir Kenelm Digby Of Mans
Soul 1669. 26, 27. „ Sir Kenelm Digby Of Bodies. 1669. 28, 29. ,, De Augmentis. 1674. Others like these and
the above, but with variations, in Clark's Examples,
1656. 30. „ Undescribed and dateless. Bodleian collection.
Plate XI.
1 — 3. The vine and grapes. Dutch MSS. British Museum collection, 318c, Vol. V. 1431—1445.
4. Grapes, diamond. Letter from the Ambassador of
Venice. Cotton MSS. 1600.
5. „ Letter, Spanish, signed "Alonso." Cotton MSS.
1603.
6. „ Letter, Seville. Cotton MSS. 1603.
7. „ C R I (or reversed?). Livorno. Cotton MSS.
1603.
8. „ BR. Heraldic and Historical Collection. Lans-
downe, 205, fol. 248. 9, 10. „ These and a great variety of others. Lans- downe, 187, 205, 230, etc, 11. „ Biblia Pawperum.
BB
394 FRANCIS BACON
12. Grapes. Bible. 1588. 13 — 22. „ (Some fragments.) Advancement of Learning. 1605.
23. „ Bible. 1609. 24 — 29. „ Book of Common Prayer. 1609.
Plate XII.
30 — 34. Book of Common Prayer. Continued from Plate XL
1609. 35—39. Bible. 1610. 40 — 42. Florio's Italian-English Dictionary. 1611.
43. Marlowe's Hero and Leander. Letters M C (for C M ?). 1613. 44, 45. Sidero Thriambos. 1618. 46—48. (With bars.) Shakespeare folio. 1623.
49. D'Aubigne's History of the Reformation. 1626. 50, 51. (With bars.) Shakespeare. 1632.
52. Quarles' Emblems. 1635—1634.
Plate XIII.
53. Bar in Shakespeare. 1632.
54. De Sapientia Veturum. (Five rays and pearls as crown.)
1638.
55. Review of the Councell of Trent — Anon. 1638. 56—58. Quarles' Emblems. 1639.
59—62. Ben Jonson's Works. 1640.
63. History of the Councell of Trent — translated Sir N.
Brent. (Vesica Piscis and sacred monogram.) 1640.
64. Collection of pamphlets, including the Religio Medici —
Sir Thos. Browne. 1642. Almost the same in Twenty-seven Songs of Sion — Christmas Carols — W. S.
65. Perspective Curieuse — Pere Niceron — Paris. 1652.
66. A Priest of the Temple.— George Herbert. 1652.
67. Chronicle of the Kings of England. — Sir Sam'l Bake.
1660. 68, 69. Sir Philip Sidney's Arcadia. (See Plate XIV.). 1662. 70. Life and Death of Thomas Cromwell. (Supposed " spurious " play of Shakespeare.) 1 664.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 395
71, 74. Ecclesia Restaurata. 1641.
72, 73. Philippe de Comines' History. 1665.
75, 75a. " Fulke's " Bible and Commentaries. 1633.
Plate XIV.
76. De Augmentis. 1638. 77, 78. %foa Syharum. (See Plate XII.) 1638. 79—82. Sir Philip Sidney's Arcadia. 1662. 83 — 89. La Perspective Curieuse — Niceron. 1663. 90, 91. Paradise Lost. 1668.
92. Paradise Regained. 1668.
93. The Works of Abraham Cowley. 1669.
94. The New Atlantis. 1669. 95—97. Moliere's Plays. 1682.
Plate XV.
1. Pot, like chalice. From book printed by Caxton, before
Sotheby. 1491.
2. „ From MS. British Museum, vi. 318c. 1497.
3. „ Letter (or copy) from W. Latimer to M. W. Pace. Hatton Finch, 29,549. 1530.
4. „ Letter, French, unsigned. Cotton MSS. Nero
vi. 1596. 5, 6. „ Letter, copies of English. Cotton MSS. Nero vi. 1596.
7. „ Letter, signed Walsingham. Cotton MSS. Nero
vi. 1577.
8. „ Letter, Walsingham to Leycester. Cotton MSS.
Nero vi. 1577.
9. „ Letter, Nathaniel Bacon to the Lord Chancellor. Tenison MSS. 1579.
10. „ Letter, H. Maynard to Anthony Bacon. Teni- son MSS. 1580. 11, 12. „ Letter, H. Maynard to Anthony Bacon, copies. Tenison MSS. 1580.
13. „ Letter, Francis Bacon to W. Doylie. Tenison MSS. 1580.
14. „ Letter, Sir Amyas Powlett to A. Bacon. Cotton
MSS. 1580.
396 FRANCIS BACON
15, 16. Pot, like chalice. Letter, Walsingham to A. Bacon. Cotton MSS. 1587.
17. „ Advertisement from Paris. Cotton MSS. 1587.
18. „ Ten Sets of Emblems in Verse — Anon. (The verses are like Quarles'.) Tenison MSS. 1587.
19. „ Mrs. Anne Bacon to her brother Anthony.
Tenison MSS. 1591. Another pot, exactly similar, Richard Barker to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS. 1591.
20. ,, Lady Anne Bacon to her son Anthony. Tenison
MSS. 1592.
21. ,, Henry Maynard to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS. 1592.
22. „ M. Colman to Anthony Bacon. Tenison
MSS. 1592.
23. „ Alexander Bence to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS. 1592.
Plate XVI.
1. Letter by Sheryngton to Archbishop Whitgift. Teni- son MSS., Lambeth. 1593. Another, but without rays, Alexander Bence to Anthony Bacon. Tenison MSS., Lambeth. 1592. 2, 3. Miscellaneous pedigrees — some of the Bacon family, (Several patterns.) Harleian MSS. 1393, Ms. 31, 42, 46, etc.
4. Letter, unsigned — Of the debt of the Low Countries.
Various. Finch Hatton MSS. 338. 1590.
5. Letter unsigned, undated.
6. Letters from Henry Cobham. One speaks of Daubigne
being sent into Scotland. Another has the letters A B. The same in letters from Sir Amyas Powlett. Cotton MSS. Calig. E. 108, 159—161, 203, 210. 1581.
7. Estratto da Avisi da CoiutantinopolL Cotton MSS.
Nero vi. 19. After 1603. 9. Letters, dateless, unsigned. Speak of Cardinal Alobrandini. Cotton MSS. Nero vi. 17. 10. Letters, intercepted, to Signor Valete " al Conte."
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 397
Signed Andrea Van Nellecouen. Cotton MSS. Nero vi. 23. 11, 12, 15, 17. Letters unsigned, undated. Cotton MSS. 235, 267, 314, 393—437.
14. Pedigrees connected with the Bacon family. Harl.
1393, 108. 16. Note : This is the only example of a two-handled pot in the British Museum collection. It is there called " Vase, from MS. Quintilian." The latter is not in the museum. (The sheet on which this " vase " is found is amongst a collection of foreign papers, 1881.) Dateless.
Plate XVII.
1. From the Works of Thos. Becon, Vol. I., or Thos.
Beacon, Vol. II. 1560. (Note this mark and spell- ing of the name, with regard to the last pot in our collection.)
2. Francis Bacon's Apologie. 1604. 2 — 5a. Advancement of Learning. 1605.
6 — 14. Translation of Certaine Psalms. 1625. 10. War with Spain. 1629.
15. Hut Vitis et Mortis. 1637. 16 — 18. Sapientia Velerum. 1638.
19—23. Hist. Life and Death (and next sheet). 1638.
Plate XVIII.
1—3. Hut Life and Death. 1638.
4. Hist. Experimentally et Naturalis, De Vcntis, etc.,
1638, and others in edition of 1650. 5, 6. History of Henry VII. 1638. 7—14. De Auymenlis. 1638.
Plate XIX.
1 — 1. Advancement of Learning. 1610.
5. De Aug mentis. 1645.
6. Racon's Remaiues. Baconiana (one of three varieties).
1648.
398 FRANCIS BACON
7. New Atlantis and Sylva Sylvarum. 1650. In the New? Atlantis, 1669, there are five patterns. 8 — 10. Sylva Sylvarum. 1651.
Nearly the same as No. 10 in XXV III Sermons by Jeremy Taylor. 1654. 11, 12. Szjlva Sylvarum. 1658.
Plate XX.
13. Sylva Sylvarum. 1658.
14. History of Life and Death. 1658.
15. Undescribed, in the Bodleian Collection. 1662. 16—18. New Atlantis. 1669.
19, 20. Advancement of Learning. 1674.
Plate XXI.
1. North's Plutarke. Last fly leaf; otherwise foreign paper. 1579. 2, 2a. A Handful of Gladsome Verses Given to the Queen's
Maiestie. 1592. 3 — Sy. Spenser's Faerie Queene. S. Ken. Mus., Forster and Dyer Library. 1596. Note the A B, F B, A F, R C, etc., and a date (1586 reversed?). 4, 5. Homer's lliades — Chapman. 1598. 6— 6d. A Pithie Exhortation. 1598.
Plate XXII.
1 — 8. Montaigne's Essays. 1603. 9. North's Plutarke. 1603. 10, 11. The Examination, etc., of George Sprot. 1609. 12 — 15. Observations on Ccesar's Commentaries — Clement
Edmundes. 1609. 16—22. Florio's Italian-English Dictionary. 1611. 23, 24. London Triumphing— T. Middleton. 1612.
Plate XXIII.
1 — 3. Drayton's Polyalbion. 1613. 4, 5. Civitalis Amor. 1613.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 399
6, 7. Marlowe's Hero and Leander. Brit. Mus. 1076h 6. 1613. 8. Another pot with 1 1. 9—21. Ben Jonson's Works. 1616. 22 a, c & d. Stowe's Survey of London. 1618.
22 b. The World Lost of Tennis. 23—26. Selden's History of Tithes. 1618. See next plate.
Plate XXIV.
1—11. Selden's History of Tithes. See Plate XXIII. 1618.
12. Triumphs of Love and Antiquity — Middleton. 1619.
13. The World Lost at Turn's— Middleton. 1619. 14, 14a. Chapman's Byron's Conspiracie. 1625.
15. 16. 17-1 7c. Love's Labour's Lost (quarto). 1631.
Space does not admit of a collection found in C. Marlowe's Troublesome Reigne of King Edward II. 1622 (Brit. Mus. 82c 22) ; Dr. Faustus, pot, hand and rose ; Jew of Malta, pot with V D ; others with crescent and crown. Also in Edward II., 1598, other patterns with hand and star. Also in Hero and Leander, 1629 and 1637 ; The Rich Jew of Malta, 1633 ; The Queen's Wake, 1610 ; The Order of the Solemnitie of the Creation of Prince Henrie, 1610 ; Tam Robur in Colis Arbor Jovis, 1610 ; and other plays, masques, etc., of " the Elizabethan and Jaco- bean" dramatists, some anonymous.
Plate XXV.
1. Euphues' Anatomie of Wit — J. Lilie. 1631. Almost the same in Euphues' History of England. (British Museum, 12, 410cc 1.) 2 — 9. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity. 1632.
10. Milton's Comus. A masque presented at Ludlow Castle.
1634.
11. Quarles' Emblems. 1639. No second half visible ;
other patterns in the edition of 1645, and a pot with I P in History of Samson, 1631.
400 FRANCIS BACON
12. Sir Kenelm Digby, Observations on the 22nd Stanza, dr.,
of the Faerie Queene. (British Museum, ll,805aab, p. 17.)
13. Fuller's Church History. 1648.
14. " Diodati " Testament and Commentary. Annotations
to the Book of the Revelations. 1648.
Plate XXVI.
1 — 6. The Alcoran of Mahomet — Anon. Six bold patterns. 1649. 7. New Testament. 1650. 8 — 10. Daniel's Collection of the History of England. 1650. 11, 12. Scourge for the Assyrian — Anon. Tract. 1652.
13. Designe for Plentie. Tract. 1652. 14, 14a. George Herbert's Priest to the Temple (and some non- descripts). 1652.
15. Clark's Examples. 1657. Some similar in XXVIII.
Sermons — Jeremy Taylor.
Plate XXVII.
1. The Way of Bliss— Elias Ashmole. 1658.
2. The Doctrine of Original Sin — Ashmole. 1658.
3. From Paper and Paper Making — Richard Herring, 3rd
edition. 1863. This is reprinted from Ures Dictionary of Arts and Manufactures, " with illus- trations and Additions." As is usual in all books professing to publish any account of these matters, the illustration is without any date or description as to its meaning, or the book from which it was taken.
4. Sir Robert Howard's Four Neic Plays. 1664.
5. Shakespeare. 1664.
6. Sir Kenelm Digby's Powder of Sympathy. 1669. One
of several patterns. This book is an allegory or parable of the " Rosicrucian '' sort.
7. Sir Kenelm Digby's Treatise of Bodies. 1669. Several
patterns.
8. Sir Kenelm Digby's Treatise of Souls. 1669. Several
patterns.
AND HIS SECRET SOCIETY. 401
9. Traced on a piece in the collection of English paper- marks at the Bodleian Library. On the paper is written: "Geneva Bible, 1561." But the Geneva Bible of that date (which is the date of Francis Bacon's birth) has not this paper-mark, and a pot of this size (nearly 5 inches) is not found till nearly one hundred years later. The figures reversed — 1651 — would be about the date.
10. On the same sheet as No. 9. Here the pot is not
traced, but on the paper is written in the same hand of a well-known Professor : " From Bacon's Works," with the date added, 1563-4. In the works of "Thomas Becon," Vol. L, or "Thomas Beacon," Vol. II., there is no pot like this. See ante.
11. CR. From Sir Kenelm Digby's Of the Soul. 1669. 12, 13. Cowley's Works. 1669.
Had space permitted, it was the intention to add extra and nondescript designs to prove that it was by intention and selection that the marks specially classed as " Baconian " were introduced into a certain very comprehensive circle of books of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The curious and industrious reader should satisfy himself on this point by studying the " extras " in these or other books of the period. He will find shields, chains, fleur-de-lis, roses, bell-flowers, cardinals' hats, shrines, lambs and flags, lions, Mercury's rods, spread eagles, double-headed eagles, etc., with a quantity of distinct but nondescript figures, and many of the old foreign marks, varied or modified.
It must be borne in mind that the present collection consists only of selections made from the limited number of books from which we have been able to draw. Unfortunately, many other books related to the subject had been examined with a view to other particulars before we had grasped the importance of the paper-marks as first links in the chain.
All the editions of books of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries should be searched ; the most elementary educational books, as well as the sermons " preached " ; masques and plays " produced " ; songs and hymns " written," " penned," " pre- sented," " set to music " ; theological, scientific and historical
cc
402 FRANCIS BACON
works " collected," " augmented,1' " revised " ; classical and foreign works " translated out of the Latin," or " first printed in the English tongue."
Where the hieroglyphic pictures, next to be described, are conspicuous and abundant, the water-marks seem to have been less regarded. Yet this is not an invariable rule. On the other hand, where the name of the supposed author on the title-page, or the signature of the dedication, is printed in mixed types, differing from the rest of the printing, we are seldom dis- appointed in our search after water-marks, unless the book was published abroad, or the paper made from wood and not from cotton fibre.
403
INDEX.
Abbott, Dr., quoted 51—79
Abrac, 274
Academies, 197
Acting, see Stage, 145 ; in song, 139
Advancement of Learning, 22, 28,
39, 157, 161, 171, 178, 179, 185,
233, 325, 327 Advice to the Queen, 45 Advice to Earl Rutland, 46 JEsop, 27
Africa, Learned Men, 30 Age, Gross, Ignorant, 104 Albanus, 275 ; St. Alban, 275—279 Albans, St. Lord, 196 ; Earl of, 279 Alchemists, 29, 188, 194; Rosicru-
cians Not, 245 ; Freemasons
Not, 246 Allegory, 28-30, 185 Alleyn, Edward, 25, 142—144 Alphabet, " Cipher," 48, 49, 128, 200 A.mbiguities, Language, 26 ; Notes,
Letters, 46—49, 71; Inscrip- tions, 204-5 Analogies, Bacon's, 73, 159, 170, 185,
222 Anatomy of Melancholy, 94, 179,
223, 235 Andreas, Johann Valentin, Preface,
14 33 191 247 Anthroposophia, 338, 339, 341 Antitheta, 173, 174, 185 Anton, 63 Antonio, 100, 127 Aphorisms, 184 Apollo, 72 Apologia, 101, 129 Apophthegms, 27, 85, 101, 129, 184,
231 Apprentices, Rosicrucians, 204 Apuleius, 191
Arabia, Learned Physicians, 30, 195 Arcadia, 39 Architect, Alban, 157, 275 ; Bacon,
159, 176 ; Of the Universe, 269 Argument of the Work, 1—23 Ariel, 224, 226 Aristotle, 19, 91, 92, 173 Art of Healing, 204 Arts, Masonic, 271 ; Anagrams, or
Art of Changes, 274 Arundel, Earl of, Preface, 116, 147
Asia, Learned Men, 29, 30 Ashmole, Elias, 321 ; Way of Bliss,
396 Asmond and Cornelia, 114 Assizes in Parnassus, 72 Astrology, 161-2, 271 Astronomy, 161, 162, 271 Atlantis, New, 25, 63, 84, 197, 265 ;
Merchants of, 322 Aubrey, John, 36, 60, 67, 72, 80 Authors, Feigned, 46, 210, 351 Autobiography, Francis Bacon's,
33—35, Footnote Avenzoar, Averroes, Avicenna, 195 Axioms, Infallible Axiomata, 203
Bacon, Anthony, 24, 41, 83, 86, 96, 100, 120, 125 ; Little Known of, 44, 94, 96, 349
Bacon, Edward, 126.
Bacon, Francis, Birth and Parentage, Preface ; Boyhood, 32, 88—94, 103—105; Character, 49-82, 107, 108, 150; Fixed Notions, 91—96 ; Gifts, 22, 81, 87, 94 ; His Dream, 99 ; Concealed Poet, 24, 33, 72, 74; Recluse, 25, 42, 45 ; Age, Death, 24, 147 ; Secrecy,35, 38; Solicitor-General, Attorney-General, 134 ; Chan- cellor, 138 ; Correspondents, Helpers, 24, 25, 48, 52, 88, 96, 107-8 ; Portraits, 74-5, 86, 88, 89, 99, 168; Poverty, 44, 100, 125; Religion, 253, 255—257. Founder R. C, 42; Studies, Bible, 29—31; Oriental, 93; Classical, 29 ; Scientific, 34 ; Obscure, 25—27 ; Book of Ori- sons, Will, Trustees, 146
Bacon, Nathaniel, 86, 87
Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 14, 84—86, 99. See Preface
Bacon, Lady Anne, 87, 99, 106-7. See Preface.
Bagford, John, 287
Bailey, 188
Bankside Players, 138
Bartholomew Fair, 196
Bartholomew, St., Massacre of, 254
Baxter, Richard, 351
PP
404
INDEX.
Beaumont, John, 25, 132
Beneficence, Rosicrucian, 205
Becon, Beacon, Bacon, 324. Note
Bennet College, 215
Beza, 154
Bible, Bacon and, 29, 31, 213, 265 ; Diodati, 213; Douai, 392; Hebrew, 155
Bible, Figures, Marks in, 299, 393-395
Biform Figures in Nature, 337
Bodley, Sir Thos., 210
Boener, Peter, 61, 81
Book of Nature, God's, 161, 163
Books, Bacons, Disfigured ; Fly- Leaves ; Frontispieces ; Title Pages, 214, 215
Books and Collections Withheld, 215, 216
Books, Translations, Feigned and Orignals, 199, 200
British Museum, Suppressed Col- lections of Books, MSS., Paper- marks, Prints, 283-288
Browne, Thomas, 71
Bruno, Giordano, 25, 280
Brunswick, Duke of. See Cipher.
Buckingham, Marquise of, 49, 143
Burleigh, Lord, 51, 88
Bull Inn, 83
Burton, Robert, 151
Cabala, 46 ; Cabalists, 188, 220 Ccesar, Julius, Obsns. on, 167, 170 Camden, John, 167, 210 ; Camden s
Annals, 167 Campbell, Lord, 36, 53, 54, 56 Candle, 324-327 Carausius, 275, 277-8 Carey's, 210 Carleton, 53, 140 Carvalho, S. N., 63, 64. Catalogues Garbled, Preface ;
Omissions in, 43, 44 Cavendish, Lord, 146 Caxton, 292
Cecils, 99, 144. See Burleigh Chain of Ideas, Sciences, 29, 52, 153,
309 Chamberlain, 53, 68, 133, 140 Chapman, 174
Chemical Marriage, 189, 192, 194, 247
Chemistry, 160, 161; Chymical Collections, 321
Christian Rosenkreuz, 187, 247
Christianity, 270
Church, Bacon's View, 149 ; Pacifi- cation of the, 326
Church, Dr., 53, 58, 73
Cicero, 171, 282
Ciphers, Preface, 38 ; Alphabet, 48, 49, 128, 200 ; Bacon's Biliteral, 23
Ciphers, Various, 12, 48, 295
Clavel, 247
Coke, 66
Collet, Dean, 154
Collections, Concealed, 42, 285—286; Bacon's Notes in Harleian Col- lection ; Promus* 43, 44
Collections to be Compiled, and Scholars to be Employed and paid, 201.
Collections, MSS., Cotton, Harley, Finch Hatton, Tenison, Gibson, Rawley, 96, 119
College of the Six Days, 198
Colleges, Bacon's Scheme for Get- ting Help from Them, 201
Colours of Good and Evil, 10, 127
Comedy of Errors, 106, 121
Comet of 1572, 218, 219
Commentaries, Ccesar s, 167, 326
Common-places, Bacon's, 173
Concealed Man, Poet, 38-42
Conference of Pleasure, 107, 110, 118
Confession of Faith, 145
Constable, Sir John, 145, 215
Cooke, Lady A., 86—88
Cotton Family, 210
Cowlev, Abraham, 64, 174
Craik,"52, 71
Crashaw, 174
Critics, 23, 50-82, 121, 198
Croly, Dr., 295
Crotona, " Groton," 274
Croptographice Gustavi Seleni, 12
Dante, 73
Davies, 210 ; Mythology of the Druids, 253
* Since the above was written another, perhaps more valuable dis- covery, has been made. Mr. Stone in his " Court, Camp and Cloister." enumerates the documents which he has found useful in his work. He writes thus : — " Volume 5106 consists mainly of notes made by Sir Francis Bacon from the year 1594 to 1596, or thereabouts ; they form the chief basis on which rests the theory that Bacon wrote Shakespeare's works."
INDEX.
405
De Augmentis. See Advancement of
Learning De Interpretatione Prcemium, 42 Death, Bacon's, 24, 147 ; Life and
Death, 161 Death, Masonic, 253 " Deficients" in Learning, 10, 28, 38,
39, 149-185 *
Delius, Dr., Chronology of Shake-
peare's Plays, 100 Demonology, 101 Demosthenes, 171 Dense and Rare, 25, 101, 160 Devey, 53, 73
Device of an Indian Prince, 127 Device, Order of the Helmet, 107 Device, Philautia, 177 Diction, Bacon's Dictionaries, 163, 196-7, 207 Difficulties in Baconian Research,
264 Digby, Sir Kenelm, 210 Diodati, John (God's Gift), 213 Diogenes, 29
Dionysus, Moral Philosophy, 182 Dioscorides, 195 Discovery of Guiana Discoveries on Men and Matter Diseases of Style, 116 Disguises, Preface Dixon, Hepworth, 59, 106, 107 Doctrine of the Soul Doctrine of Union of Soul and Body,
101, 224 Doctors Differ, 49—82 Dogs, Cynics, 23, 50—82, 198 Donnelly, Honorable Ignatius, His
Pioneer Cipher, 12, 48, 295 Dorset, Earl of, 146 Doyly, Mr., 209 Dramatic Poesy, 26 Dramatists, Elizabethan, 103 Druids, 275
Drummond, of Hawthorneden, 210 Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester,
Preface Dudley, Robert, Earl of Essex,
Preface
Ebb and Flow of the Sea Edmunds, Clement, 168 Effiat, Marquis d', 45, 146 Egerton, Sir Thos., 138, 142 Egypt, Study of, 91 ; Symbolism,
277 ; Travels, Pythagoras, 273 Elegie Au Seigneur Antoine Bacon,
43 Elizabeth, Queen, Preface, 17, 110,
119, 128—131 ; Her Death, 101
Elizabethan Dramatists, 103
Elocution, 174
Emblems, 123, 129, 185, 265—270
England's Helicon, 208
Entertainments, 107
Epitaphs, 14, 203, 217
Equivocations, 17, 19
" Errors," Preface ; Intentional, 13,
46 Essex. Earl, of 45, 46, 59, 68, 69,
101, 118, 119, 126-9 Estienne, 155 Eton, 201, 216
Euclid, 30 ; Problem 47 of Book 1, Eulogies, 43 [273
Evasions, 18, 19 Evelyn, John, F.R.S., 213, 214 Every Man in His Humour, 40 Experimental History, 157, 197 Eye, 267, of the World, 324
Fables, 27, 182
Fairie Queene, 39
Fairies, 100, 225-233
Faith and Science, Conflict, 154
Fama Fraternitatis, 194-8, 219
Father X., Preface
Faunt, Nicholas, 41, 119, 209
Feigned Histories, 129, 176, 272
Feigned Initials, 214
Feigned Names, 38, 204, 214
Figurative Language, 29
Filum Labyrinthi, 183
Fischer, Dr., 74
Five, 339
Florio, John, 25, 40, 209, and James I., 41
Foundations, 109, 201, 212
Fountains of Memory, &c, 176
Fowler, Professor, 50, 52, 74
France, Bacon in, 98, 100
Francis I. Founds the Royal Col- lege, 154, 156
Freemasonry, 11 ; Aims, 260 ; Arts, 16, 271 ; Concealment, 19, 22-3, 274; Histories of, 271, 276-7; Symbols, 14
Freezing Meat, 147
Friends, Collaborators, 25
Fulgentius, 25
Fuller, Dr., Preface, 144
G = Gad, Ghadol, God, Gott, 332-3
Galen, 29
Garbled Documents, &c, 128, 188
Geometry, 269, 270
German Paper, 284
Qesta Grayorum, 40, 45, 113
Globe Theatre, 129
406
INDEX.
God's Gift College, 144, 213 ; Gift of
Wisdom, 310, 340 Golden Legend, 311 ; Golden Age, Goodman, Bishop, 101 [124
Gorhambury, 84, 99, 145-6, 196 Gosnold, Henry, 119 Gower, Peter, 273 Grammar Deficient, 184, 185 Graves, 14, 44, 108, 217 Gray's Inn, 73, 79, 83, 103-109, 114,
119, 120, 131—140, 146, 207 Greece, 27, 182 ; Depreciated, 201 ;
Greek, 154 Greece and Rome, 29, 30, 185 Gresham College, 213—216 Greville Fulke, 46, 231 Grocyn, William, 154 Grossness of the Age, 10 Groton, 273
Guiana, Discovery of, 168 Gymnosophists, 188
Hallam, 168, 169
Harleian Collection, 31, 43
Hay ward, Dr. John, 68, 116, 129—
Hearne, 288 [131
Hebrew, 154, 155
Helicon, 355
Heliodorus, 191
Helmet, Owner of the, 107
Helmet, Pluto's Invisibility, 200
Herbert William, 146, 174, 215 ; Earl
of Pembroke, 278 Hercules' Columns, 156 Hermit, Preface, 45, 178 Hermetic Philosophers, 188 Herring, Richard, 293, 294 Heywood, Thomas, 351 Hieroglyphic Designs, Pictures, 27,
38, 185, 276, 284 Hilliard, Miniature Painter, 99 Hindu Symbolism, 91 History, Bacon, the Study of, 174 ; Civil History, Divisions of, 165 History Compiled, 163, 206;
Appendices, 184 History, Dense and Rare, 42 ; Life
and Death, 42 History, Feigned, 175, 189 History of Great Britain, 166 ; of Life and Death ; Experimental, 160; Henry VII; of Me- chanique ; of the Winds, 160 History of the World, 168, 210 Hobbes, Thomas, 196 Hoby, 88
Holland, Paper Mills, 196 Honorificabilitudinitatibus, 117 Hooker, Dr. Richard, 142, 151
Horce Eliance, 166
Horticulture, 101, 162
Howard, Henry, Earl of Norfolk,
116, 213, 214, 278 Howell's Letters, 166 Howes, Edmund, 74 Humbug of Bacon, 71 Hurd's Treatise on Religions, 248 Husbandry, 162 Hydriotaphia, 71
Idea of the Law, 203
Idea of Masonry, 257
Idea of Painting, 213
Ignorance of the Age, 10, 32
Ignorance, Professed, 204, 211, 217
Illuminati, 14, 160, 178, 196
Imperator, 204
Incognito of Rosicrucians, 210
Indian Boy, Masque, 127
Indian Philosophy, 91
Initials, Feigned, 204
Inns of Court, 135—137
Inquiries, 201
Inscriptions, 204
Instauratio, 48
Intellectual Globe, 176
Interpretation of Nature, 35, 42, 153,
179, 283 Inventions, 184 ; Inventors, 221 Italy, Anthony and Francis in, 100
James I., 40, 41, 189 ; Demonology,
101 James II., 276 Jermyn, Henry, Earl of St. Alban's,
279 Jesuits, 12, 105, 180, 210, 247 Jew, the Hard, 100 ; Shylock, 126 Johnson, Benjamin, 210 ; Spelling
of His Name, 140, 141, Note Jones, Inigo, 144, 278, 279 Jonson, Ben, 10, 22, 36, 40, 56, 71, 80,
102, 140—142, 150,174, 196; John
Benson, 143 Juggling-tricks of Wit and Hand,
283 Knights Templars, 278 Knowledge, Conveyed by Images,
Symbols, 264, 265
Lambeth Palace Library, 24, 41, 70, 76, 86, 96
Lamp of Tradition, 15, 17, 203, 280 ; Lantern, Light, Candle, 159, 320 327
Lamp, Light of God, 320—327
Language, Defective, 32 ; Meta- phorical, 17, 25—29, 158, 264,
Language, Silent, 33 [265
INDEX.
407
Language, Universal, 14, 274 Law for Ye Merry Tales, 127 Learned Men of the East, 30 Leicester, Earl of, 40 Letters, Francis Bacon, of, 166 Leycestevs Commonwealth, 114 Ley land, Johan, 272 Libraries, Bacon's Plan for,>^212 ;
His Own, 214, 215, Librum Naturae, 161 Life's a Bubble, 113 Life and Death, History of, 25, 121, Light, 159, see Lamp [122, 161
Links, Chains, 29, 152, 308 Lucian, Symbolic Writer, 191 Lucrece, 117, 125 Lumen di Lumine, 321 Luther, 219, 309
Macaulay, Lord, 36, 50—56, 62-69,
72,81 Mackay, Dr. A. G.
Mackay, Dr., of Rosicrucians, Free- masons, 245 Mackenzie, Kenneth, R. li., Edited
Royal Masonic Cyclopaedia, 192 Madness, 101
Magdalen College, Oxford, 201 Magi, Magicians, Magus, 33, 108 ;
Anima Magica, 321 Manna, 333—335 Manuscripts, 96, 119, 167, 315 Marks, Secret, Preface, 13, see Paper
Marks Marlowe, 31, 174 Marriage of Truth and Beauty,
Chymical, 222 Masks, Preface, 42, 43 Masonry, Preface 121, 122, 243—
282; Operative, Speculative, 259 Masonry, Cyclopaedia of, 192 Masques, 107, 131 —137 ; of Flowers,
138, 140 Matthew, Sir Tobie, 36, 46-9, 54, 67,
71, 78, 128, 210 " Mean," 36, Note Meautys, Sir Thomas, 80 Mechanique, 202 Mede, Joseph Meditations Sacraz, 127 Melancholia, 101
Memory, Imagination, Reason, 164 Mercury, Secret and Swift, 200 Metaphors, 27—29, see Emblems,
Symbols Metaphysics, 161, 162 Meteorology, 161 Method, 11, 15, 41, 45, 95, 111, 155,
156, 196-198
Method, Parabolic, 26-29, 41
Microcosm, 121, 309
MicrocosmuH, 168, 197
Middleton, 174
Milton, John, 73
Mind, Body, 64, 101
Minerva, 178
Mirrors, 103, 104, 309
Mole, 321
Money, 205
Monster Minds, 349—351
Montagu, Basil, 70- 73, 81
Montagues, 278
Montaigne, Essays, 25, 209 ; Visits
Bacon, 40, 41, 57, 90, 98, 351 Montgomery, 40, 278 Monuments, 44, 260, see Graves,
Tombs More, Sir Thomas, 15 Morley, Prof. H., English Literature, Moryson, 68 [184
Mottoes, 204 Mountjoy Mumming, 105 Munsell, Joel, 287, 288, 293 Muses, Hymn to the, 178 ; in poverty,
179 Music, Drama, 145, 180, 268 Mystery, Bacon's, 10, 11, 27, 38, 46, 47 Mystics, 29, 30 ; Mysteries,
" spurious," 252 ; Biblical, 341 Mystogagus Poeticus, or The Muses1
Interpreter, 167, Note
Names, Changed, Feigned, Secret,
204, 214 Nash, Thomas, 114 Natural History, 153, 157, 158, 162 Natural Philosophy, 182 ; Science,
160, 161-164 Nature, 152 ; Human, 161 ; Spirits
of, 159 Ne Plus Ultra, 168 Netherlands, Marks in Books, 291 Neville Family, 88, 115 New Atlantis, 25, 63, 84, 161, 198, New Birth of Time, 11 [265
Noah, 251 Norris, Mr., 209 Norton
Notes, Bacon's, 195 Novum Organum, 153, 195, 274, 324,
352, 353 Numbers, Pythagoras, 27, 273, 274,
336
Oberon, 233
Obscurity, Bacon, 26—29, 37 — 42, 72; Silence, 32
408
INDEX.
Omissions, Intentional in Books, Catalogues, Registers, 43, 44, 102, 106-7, 114, 144, 185, 192, 277, 294
Order, 258, 269, 270 ; Of the Helmet, 107, 121
Orders, Degrees, Freemasons, &c., 14, 243, 247—249
Organum, 153, 195, 274
Oriental Philosophy, 91, 188; Studies of, 97, 195
Orpheus, Essay, 355
-Osborne, of Bacon, 60
P = Phoded = Redeemer, 290 ;
Philip, 291 Pallas
Pan, the Universe, 182, 233 Pan-Organum, " Wrens," 279 Papacy, 191 Paper Making, 283, 285, 288, 341,
343 Paper Marks,'Pre/ace, List, 316, 317,
357—402; Plates I. -XXVII. ;
British Museum Collection, 285 Paper Mills, 291 Parables, 182 ; Parabolic Poetry,
185 Parabolic Language, 26 — 28, 284 ;
Marks, 283—346 Paracelsus, 159, 218—225 Parasceve, 163, 197 Parry, Dr. , Preface Paulet, Sir Amias, 97 Peacham, 62, 63 Pembroke, Earl of, 40 ; Papers, 41 ;
Marquis, 278 ; Wilton, 279 Pens, Able, 201 Pens, Able, Pensions to, 201 Perseus, 182
Peter Gower, Petagore, see Pytha- goras, 273 Philalethes Philanthropia, 107 Philautia, Device, 177, 178, 260 Phillips, Halliwell, Outlines, 74 Philology, 10, 31, 32 Philosopher's Stone, 245 Philosophy, Ancient, 29, 91; Study of
Egypt, Arabia, Chaldea, Persia,
India, Pagan, 29, 30, 88, 194-5 ; Phoebus, 43 [201
Physiognomy, 162 Pickering, Lord, 200 Places of Residence Changed, 204 Plautus his Mencechmus, 121 Plato, 157, 191 Plays, Francis Bacon of, 144-5 ;
Shakespeare's, ,110 — 145
Plays, Latin at Cambridge, 105 Pluto's Helmet, 200 Poets, 72, 174 ; Feign, 175, 180 Poetry, Dramatic, 177 ; Narrative,
176-7; Parobolic, 26, 27, 177,
181 Pioctiers, Francis Bacon at, 98 Poisons, 101, 102 Pope, Alexander, 50 Porphyry, 29 Portraits, Bacon, 87, 99 Post Nati, 201 Poverty of Bacon, 44, 100, 125 ; Of
the Muses, 178 Praise of Knowledge, 118, 119 Praise of the Queen, 111, 118, 119 Praise of the Worthiest, 110 Prayers, Bacon's, 321, 322 Precocious Boys, 93 -5, 194, 279 Press, Preface, 23 Preston s Illustrations of Masonry,
257, 277 Pride Reprobated, 281 Princes Have a Cipher, 200 Principia Typographica, 285, 291 Printers, 300, 346-7 ; Marks, Rings,
288 Profession of Ignorance, 204, 211,
217 ; Incapacity, 25, 211 Promus, 22, 30, 31, 43, 44, 48, 56, 127,
171-2, 198, 263, 290 Prophecy, 93 Prosody, 77 Prospero, 214, 247, 267 Proteus, Francis Bacon as, 45, 83 Proverbs, 204 Pseudonyms, 204 Puzzolan Powder, Puzzling Dust, 17,
147, 280, 310 Puritan Prejudices, 105 Pyramids, Two, 175 Pythagoras, 27, 266, 273, 274, 291.
Quarles, 174, 311, 399
Rabbis, Intepretation of Scripture, 220
Ragon, Orthodoxie Maconique, 247
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 168, 169, 210, 279
Rawley, Dr. William, 24, 53, 54, 75—80, 91, 93-96, 150, 208, 355
Ray Society, 212
Recluse, Preface
Record Office, 216
Reformation, 92, 93, 189, 193 ; Uni- versal, 11, 32, 294
Regimen of Health, 101
Religion, Francis Bacon's, 75, 192,
INDEX.
409
253 ; Cicero, 282 ; Rosicrucians, 189, 244; Freemasons, 258-9, 274
Renaissance, 11, 14, 108, 160, 284, 341
Research Commended, 270 ; Ob- structed, 283—288
Revels, 106-7, 114, 120—125
Revival of Learning, 11, 108, 15f
Rhazis, 195
Rhetoric, 39
Rhythm, 174
Richard II., 128-131; Richard II., III., 127
Riches, 205
Rivers, Treatise on, 278
Robin Goodfellow, 226, 230, 231
Rochester, Earl, 135
Roman Catholics, 189, 210, 247 ; Papal, 204
Rosicrucian, Dew, 245.
Rose Cross, 245—249, 257, and Free- masonry, Preface, 281
Rosenkreuz, Christian, 187, 189
Rosicrucians, 11, 186—217, 219 ; Not Alchemists, 187
Rosicrucians, Christian Literary and Scientific Society, 244
Rosicrucian Books, Double-meaning,
Royal College, 155 [25
Royal Society, 72, 213, 214
Royal Society, Rules for, in Francis Bacon's MS., 201
Rutland, Earl of, 209
Sailing of Ships, 102
Saint Alban, 277
St. Albans, 100, 147
St. Michael's, 145
St. Paul's, 276
Salt, Sulphur, Mercury, 25, 249
Sandys, Sir Edward, 143, 144, 210
Satire, Francis Bacon's, 121
Savile, Sir H., 143
Saye and Sele, 295
Scarborough, Dr., 280
Scholars to Be Paid, 201 ; Friends,
Rules for, 204 Science, Sons of, 208 Science, Secrecy for 100 years, 204,
208 Secrets of God, 163 ; Nature, 158 Secret Societies, 186; Francis
Bacon's Plan for, 201, 203 Selden, John, 146, 208, 215, 216, 399 Senses, the, 267—269 ; Sensitive
Nature, 337 Seven, 271
Shadows, 169, 177-8 Shaksper, William, 115, 116 Shakespeare, Francis Bacon's
Promus in, 22 Shakespeare, Mr. Donnelly's Pioneer
Discovery in Folio, 12 Shakespeare, Francis Bacon Ignores
Him, 39, 40, 142 Shakespeare, Spelling of the Name,
118 Shakespeare, Name Written on
Francis Bacon's Writing-case,
116 Shakespeare, Sonnets, 25 Shakespeare, Plays, 84, 100 — 105,
110 — 117, 122 — 127, 223, 224,
236, 238, 242 Shepherd's Calendar, 39 Ship, Admiral, 102 Shirlev Family, 210 Short-hand, 12, 207 Shrewsbury, Lord Sidney Family, 210 ; Sydney, 142 Signs in Inns, Shops, Taverns, 288 Signatures Feigned, 204 Silent, I Am, 32 Similes, 26-32 Sion College, 216 Societies, Libraries, 212, 213 Society of Jesus, 247 Society for Propagation of the
Gospel, 147-8 Society Rosicrucians in Anglia,
Preface Socrates, 152 Solomon's House, 15, 108, 149, 153,
173, 271 Somerset, Earl of, 134 Sonnets, 25, 109, 111 Sons of Science, 183, 208, 340 Sophisms, 173 Sortaine, 51, 52, 74, 75 Sotheby, Principia Typographica,
285, 287—291 Soul of the World, 336-7 Southampton, Lord, 125, and Note Sovereign Lady, 110, 111 Spanish Translations, 11 Speculative Masons, Preface, See
Freemasons ; Speculative Phi- losophy, 173 Spedding, James, 33-5, 50—60, 70—
78, 81, 97, 108, 110, 119, 193 Speech, Forms of, 171, 172 Spenser, 151
Spielman, Sir J, 292-295 Spirits of Air, Earth, Water, Fire,
218—242
410
INDEX.
Sprat, Dr., Preface, 36, 64, 72, 280,
350, St. Alban, 277, 288 Stage, Francis Bacon's Views of the,
39, 112, 145, 179; Degraded, 106 ;
Eevival of, 103 Standard Literature, Preface Standen, Anthony, 42 Stenography, 12 Store, or Promns, 171, 173 Storr, 54, 55, 71, 72 Style, Diction, " Very Small,1' 111,
113, 176-7 Suffolk, Earl of, 136 Superstition, 149, 247 Sussex, Earl of, 116 Sydney, Sir Philip, 142 Sylva Sylvarum, 146, 157—162, 336 Symbols, Francis Bacon's, 17, 29,
158, 265, 303-345 Symbols, Egyptian, 265, 277, 303;
Indian, 302, 303 ; Masonic, 265
Table-talk, 208
Tacitus, 130, 167; Richard II.,
128-131; Hamlet, 180 Tate, John, Paper-maker, 292-3 Temple of Wisdom, 263 Thema Cosli, 42
Temporis Partus Masculus, 202 Theatres, 39, 84 Theobald, of Shakespeare, 78 Theology, 154 Tombs, 203, 216, 217 Tractates, 184 Tradition, Method of, 284 Translations, 11 ; Of Bacon's Works,
199, 200 Translators, 211 Transportata, 195, 201 Travels, Francis Bacon's, 97 — 99,
127, 202 TribtUe of Giving, &c, 110 Trinity College, 33, 212 Truth Crowned, 111 Twickenham, 100, 126, 127 Tvpographical " Errors," &c, 12, 13,
284
Union of Mind and Body, 101, 224 Unity, Francis Bacon's Aim, 193 Universal Church, 281 ; Nature- world, 152 ; Language, 274
Universal Reformation, 32, 148, 192, 219 ; Opinions, 91, 119
University, see Trin. Coll.
Ure, Dr., Mines and Manufactures,
[289
Valerius Terminus, 25
Veils, 26-29 ; 275
Venice, Venetian, 273
Venus and Adonis, 125
Venus of Apelles ; Verbal Teaching in Masonry, 267
Verulam, 275, 277 ; Apollo, 72
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, 53
Virgil, 236
Virginia, Colonisation of, 102
Vital Spirits of Nature, 121, 159, 218—222
Vivisection, Francis Bacon's Studies,
rioi
Wadham College, 213
Waite, A. E., 187
Waller, Edmund, 50
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 209
War, Political Philosophy, 182
Water-marks, see Paper-marks
Webster, 174
Webb, John, 279
Westcott, Dr. W. Wynn, 24 3
Westminster Wits, 201
Whitgift, Dr., 97
Whitehall, 40
Wigston, W. F. C, 52, 187, 193
Wilkins, Dr., 213
Winchester, Wits and Pens, 21
Winds, History of, 101, 102, 223,
230-1 Winds, Witches, 101,228,233-242 Wire-marks, 288 Wisdom of the Ancients, 26, 28, 167,
206 Wisdom, Temple of Witherbourne, Dr., Preface, 147 Withers, 174 Wolsey, 102
Works Published Abroad, 199 World, see Microcosm, Histories Wotton, Sir Henry, 210 Wren, Christopher, 276, 279; his
Pan Organum, &c, 280 Wren, Dr., 279
Y=The Two Ways, Virtue, Vice, 291
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