VIII. introduced the clause " Anteferri," see Sixt. Decretal. Lib. 111. Tit. IV.

Cap. 40. " Quodam per literas." Another decretal of the same Pope, Sixt. Lib. IIL Tit. VII, Cap. 7, so well shows the force and operation of the " Anteferri " clause, that it is here subjoined : —
" Auctoritate Martini Papae prasdecessoris nostri, quodam ad PrjEbendam primo in Parmensi Ecclesia vacaturam nulli alii de jure debitam in ejusdem Ecdcsiae Canonicum recepto, et alio a nobis in eadem Ecclesia similem gratiam adepto secundo, tertius deinde auctoritate nostra in ipsa Parmensi Ecclesia in Canonicum et in fratrem recipitur, cum prierogativa gratia;, quod omnibus praedecessonun nostronmi auctoritate non autem nostr;! receptis in assecutione PrsebendEe debeat anteferri ; post base autem qua:dam vacavit Prrebenda iu Ecclesia memorata ; quaeritur, quis eorum altcri pra-feratur : et secundum quern ordinem Prrebendas assequi debeant tres prasdicti ? Cum igitur extenore gratia; tertio a nobis concessa' appareat evidenter nos voluisse primo tcrtium, et secundum tertio anteferri, decernimus, quod primam secundus, secundum tertius, et tertiam primus debet obtinere Praebendam : alias forma mandati minime servaretur. Licet enim ex persona sua, secundus primam obtinere non posset, ex persona tamen tertii, qui primum superat, illam habet. Sicut contingit in successione illius, qui ab intestato relictis patre (in adoptiva familia constituto) matre atque fratre decedit. in qua successione pater ex se matrem excludit : sed quoniam talem patrem agnatus, inaterque vincit agnatum, mater patri non ex semetipsa, sed agnati persona;, in successione hujusmodi antefertur."
Page 789, note (■"))•] — The "gold crowns of the sun," mentioned in this paragraph, "ecus d'or sol," were worth about six shillings. — See Kelham's Dictionary, and Ducange, vv. Moneta, Sctitiun, Solaris.
Page 790, note (3).] — Foxe says that WiclifF and his colleagues went "over into the parts of Ital}';" but Bruges, where tliey met the papal legates, was in rianders, which is here substituted for " Italy." The reader may be surprised to find a dignitary of the Spanish Church among the l''nglish envoys. But the fact is, that John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, Edward's fourth son, married Constantia, eldest daughter of Peter the Cruel, king of Castile; and, on the exjjulsion and assassination of Peter by his bastard brother, Henry, earl of Tristamare, the duke of Lancaster asserted his claim to the crown of Castile against Henry, and passed in England by the title of king of Castile. This may account ibr the appointment of John Guter to the deanery of Segovia, in Old Castile. The object of the conference at Bruges was to negotiate a peace between the English and the king of France, who had espoused the cause of Henry, earl of Tristamare.
Page 791. " Ocleus the Second.''} — Sec the note on this name at p. xxii. of Foxe's Prefaces. Foxe, however, can scarcely be alluding to the poet, who
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 917
was posterior to WicklifF. Foxe probably had in liis eye a passage of VVal- singham's History, in which, speaking of WicklifF, he says (sub anno 1381) : — " Johannes Wyclif, reassumens daninatas opiniones Berengarii et Oclefe, astruere laboravit post consecrationeni in missa k sacerdote factaui renianere ibidem vevum panem et vinum, ut f'uere per prius." Tanner (in liis Biblio- tlieca) seems to iiave read this passage of Waisinghani as tliough the comma were at " Berengarii," and " Oclife " (as well as " Wyclif") the nominative to "hiboravit;" and hence infers that Thomas Ocleve, tlie poet, "astruere labo- ravit," &c. ; but adds, Videtur tamen se ab omiii hereticu pravitate purgare in Jibro ' Consolatio sibi a sene oblata.'" The poet, however, was not born till 1.370, and flourished 1410. Why Foxe calls this witness Ocleus '^ secuiu/us" is not apparent; perhaps it was on purpose to distinguish him from the poet: but in that case he should have been called '' primus."
Page 791, line 7. "Bruno of A/i(jcrs."~\ — There is in the " Bibliotheca Patrum," (de la Eigne, Paris, 1624,) tom. iii. page 319, a treatise thus intituled : " Epistola Durandi Leodiensis Episcopi, de Corpore et Sanguine Domini, contra Brunonem Andegavensem Episcopum et Bereiigarium 'I'uronensem." There was also a charge against Bruno that he was unfriendly to the baptism of infants: but Usher shows (" De Christ. Ecclesiarum Successione et Statu," cap. vii. § 37), that he only denied any benefit to result merely ex opcre operato.
Page 794, line 19. " Thirty thousand marks."'\ — See the note in this Ap- pendix on p. 317.
Page 794, note (1).] — The last two sentences of the foregoing paragraph read thus in the Latin edition, p. 3 : " Hinc Ricardi invictissimi regis facta in Hierosolyniam expeditio, qui mox eodem captus itinere, ac Cgesari deditus, vix triginta marcarum millibus redimi poterat. In eadem expeditione Fridericus Rom. Imperator augustissimae virtutis, in amne submersus interiit, anno 1189. Quin et Philippus Gallorum rex vix sine luculentis damnis in patriam incolumis
rediit. Tanti erat sanctse urbis crucisque recuperatio" The English
editions all most strangely render "in amne submersus interiit" "was much endamaged;" and give 1179 instead of 1189, or rather 1190 (see L'Art de Ver. des Dates; and supra pp. 301 — 309, 315 — 317). The ransom really paid for Richard was 100,000 marks (see supra p. 317, and the note in this Appendix on that page).
Page 791, note (2).] — The two foregoing sentences read thus in the Latin edition, p. 3 : " Quid erat caus«, cur Urbanus se dolore conficeret, quod Antiochia cum sancta cruce e manibus Cliristianorum amitteretur ? Sic enini reperimus in annalibus, quod ubi Hierosolyma cum rege Guidone et cruce Domini in Sultani potestatem redigeretur, Urbamis rei gravitate nimium ictus, cur£E magnitudine occubuit. Cui successit Lambertus, qui Gregorius octavus dicitur, cujus instinctu receptum est a Cardinalibus, ut abjectis divitiis et delitiis omnibus prjedicarent crucem Christi, et mendicando omnium primi acciperent crucem, aliosque prascederent in terram Jerusalem. Sic enim habent historise verba." Antioch is clearly a mistake for Jerusalem: (see supra, p. 271,) and Lambertus is a mistake for Albertus. (See HofTman, Moreri, and L'Art de Ver. des Dates.)
Page 795, note (2). " Then he who doth succeed," frc] — This sentence would be more intelligible were we to i-ead, "then it followeth — not that he who doth succeed to Peter's chair, doth of course express Peter's faith ; but — that whoever doth most nearly express Peter's faith, deserveth, in whatever chair he sit, to be accounted a successor of Peter, and is such, albeit in such wise, that he getteth thereby no sort of worldly splendour and glory." The whole passage is here given from the Latin edition, p. 4 : — " Sin propter divinam sublimem ac expeditam confessionem, quam Petrus, non solus, sed unus omnium nomine expresserat — jam, non is qui in cathedram succedit Petri, illico exprimit fidem Petri; sed quisquis proxime exprimit Petri fidem, quacunque sedet cathedra, merito Petri successor habendus est, sicque successor est, ut nihil tamen hinc humani splendoris ac glorire corroget. Functio est non gradus, ministerium non magisterium, apostolatus. Quemadmodum nee inter ipsos, opinor, apostolos ulla erat dignitatis aut loci praseminentia : sed una omnes mentc, eodem spiritu, Domini non suum agebant negotium : sic ut qui minor inter
918
API'KNDIX TO vol,. II.
ipsos forct, ])liiri.s habcretiir a]ni(l Cliristiini testein. Qiiocirca et horuin suc- cessio laudem quidein a))iul Dcuiii, apud mundum vcto millam dii^nitatom emercbatur. Quo pacto ciiiin, ut pia?claic apud Eiisebiuui procoiisuli respoiidct Polycarpiis cum numdanis divitiis aut terreuo fasligio cohEerct illoiuin pro- fessio, qui pro Cliiisto omnia liabcnt pro derelictis?
Page 79G, line 11 from tlie boltom. " Keiiingham, a Carmelite Friar."] — He is mentioned repeatedly at the opening of the next volume. His name is also spelc Kiningham, and Kynyngham.
Page 797, line 21. " Js ijears and time" &c.] Here Fo.xe begins again to quote from a Latin ehronielc wliieh he calls " Chronicon D. Albyni," lent him by archbishop Parker (p. 801, note), and whieh seems to supply all the following narrative to p. SOfJ. Tiiis chronicle has been searched for, but without success. There is, however, printed in the Archa'ologia, vol. xxii. a transcript of a chronicle in the liarleian Library of MSS. No. 6217, intituled, "An Historicall Relation of certain passages about the end of King Edward the Third, and of his Death;" by Sir George Aniyot, who communicates it to the S. A., which is sup|)osed to be a translation of the Latin chronicle which Foxe used here and calls the Chronicle of St. Aiban's. Foxe's pages have been collated with that chronicle. Several illustrations and corrections of Foxe's text have been derived from thence, which shall be noticed in their place ; the notes, also, of the editor have furnished some useful information.
Page 797, note (1).] — The Latin edition (p. 5,) here says—" Post hos tuni sacerdotes, mox episcopi rem capessebant: postremo cum nee horum potentia satis valere videbatur adversus prorumpentem veritateni, ad fulinen pontificis tanquam ad triarios concursum est. Htcc enim extrema esse anchora solet in istiusmodi procellis, ubi monachorum clamores ac Pharisaica improbitas parum proficiunt."
Page 797, note (1).] — The benefice from which Wicliff is here said to have been ejected was the Wardenship of Canterbury Hall, into which he had been instituted by the founder, archbishop Simon Islip, a.d. 1;3G.5 : he was ejected by archbishop Simon Langham, a.d. 1.'3G7. Wicliff" appealed to the pope, wlio, after three years, confirmed his expulsion, a.d. 1370, and charged Simon Sud- bury (then bishop of London) to execute this order. (See the documents in Lewis's Life of Wicliff".)
A correspondent of the Gentleman's Magazine, in August 1841, brings for- ward some plausible arguments to show, that the John Wicliffe who was Warden of Canterbury was a different peison from John Wicliff"e tiie Reformer. This paper produced a succession of papers in several subsequent numbers of the Gejitleman's Magazine, which elicit the curious fact, that there were at least three or four individuals named "John WicliH'e " contemporaries, and all eccle- siastics.
Page 799. last paragraph. " Which, iji the slanderous pc7i of Polydore Virt/il," &c.]— Tiiere is some flaw in the construction here, which the reader may supply for himself. Tiie passage is here given from Virgil : — " Fuere ea tempestate viri longe sanctissimi, multo doctissimi atque fortissimi, quorum suprii mentionem apposite fecimus, idcirco nihil est, quod de eis rursum com- niemorenuis. Extitere et aliqui insigni infaniia, quorum caput et princeps Joannes Vuythcliff"us : is, ut fama est, a primo indignatns, quod non potuisset ad summos sacerdotalis ordinis aspirarehonores, factus inde sacerdotibuscunctis inimicior, coepit divina scripta perverse interpretari, atque novam instituere sectain, usque eo, ut in nobiii Oxoniensi gymnasio publice sit in sacerdotes ut legis eversores debacchatus." — Polyd. Virgil. Ang. Hist. lib. xix. Edouardus tertius, p. ;399.
Page 800, last line. " Which day ivas Thursday the nineteenth of February."'] — This date is thus expressed in the contemporary English Chronicle in the Har- leian, just adverted to: "Thursday, before the feast of St. Peter his chaire," which (by Nicolas's Tables) would 'give Feb. 19th, a.d. i;J77. The following useful observations are made on this date by the editor of the Chronicle:—" The date here assigned to this remarkable transaction is doubted by Lowth, because the Pope's Hull, which he supposes to have been the cause of Wiclifle's citation to St. Paul's, bears as late a date as the 22d of May, 1377. He therefore con- cludes, that the tunuilt could not have happened many days before the death of
APPENDIX TO VOL II. 919
Edward ilie Third, which occurred on the 21st of June. Lewis, in his Life of Wicliife (p. 50), supposes the meeting at St. Paul's not to have taken place till the February of the succeeding year, after the accession of Richard tlie Second ; in whicli lie is followed by Mr. Baber, in the memoirs prefixed to his edition of Wiclifi'e's New Testament, p. xvii. This, however, is completely at variance not only witli the relation in the text, but also with that of Walsingham, the continuator of Murimuth, and the other contemporary or early authorities. Mr. Godwin (Life of Chaucer, ii. p. 2.")1) defends liie earlier dale, suggesting tliat the citation to St. I'aul's was the immediate and persoi'.al act of tl.e English prelacy, and that it was the citation of VViclitie to Lambetii in the following year, wiiich was the result of the Pope's interference, the English Bishops havino- found themselves too weak in the contest, and having, on that account, invited the interposition of the sovereign Pontiff. This appears to be the true solution, agreeing with the statement in the text, that it was upon the sugges- tion of the bishops, that archbishop Sudbury had been unwillingly moved to issue tlie citation. It is true, indeed, that the mandate (preserved in Wilkins' Concilia, iii. p. 123,) wiilch the archbishop and the bishop of London, in conse- quence of the authority vested in them by the pope's bull, issued to the chancellor of Oxford on the .'jlh of January following, required Wiclifi'e's presence at St. Paul's on the thirtieth juridical day from that date. But, as we have no account from the contemporary writers that any second meeting in St. Paul's actually took p-ace, it may be reasonably concluded that Lambeth was after- wards substituted, as a less likely scene for the renewal of popular commotion, though the result proved otherwise. The opinion here expressed may be strengthened by remarking that not only Foxe, but his able antagonist, Harps- field, who, though a zealous papist, was furnished with materials for his Ecclesiastical History by archbishop Parker (in whose mild custody he was a prisoner), understood the tuuiult at St. Paul's to have preceded and been the cause of the pope's interference, and that the proceeding at Lambeth was the consequence of it." — Hid. WicUffinna, p. 683.
Page 801. " Erubuit dux, quod 7ion potuit prcEvalere l/fi(/io."'\ — In the Harleiau Chronicle we read, " The duke was ashamed that he colde not in this stryfe prevail;" which is alleged in the Archeeologia (vol. xxii. p. 258) as one of the proofs that that Chronicle is a translation of the St. Alban's Chronicle, which Foxe used.
Page 802.] — Of Waltei-, lord Fitzwalter, a particular account will be found in Dugdale's Baronage, vol. i. p. 220. As hereditary Constable of Castle Bay- nard and Banner-bearer of London, he enjoyed very important rights and privileges in the city, which are set forth in Stow's Survey of London, Strype's edition, vol. i. p. 60.
Guy de Bryan was, as Dugdale observes, a person of very great note in his time. He had been Standard-bearer to the king in Calais, and was afterwards employed in many important military and civil services. — Z>a?"OHa^e, vol. ii. p. 151 ; Arch(eoloyia, vol. xxii. p. 260.
Page 802, line 17. " Captaiii."'\ — It is " Ciistos" in the Harleian Chronicle. See the note on p. 342, note (3).
Page 802, line 21. " John Phi/pot, then burgess for the city."^ — It appears from the list of cit)' members, given in Maitland's History of London, that John Philpot was M.P. for the city of London in the years 1377, 1381, 1383. Li the Harleian Chronicle he is called "a cytezen of special name." He was exceedingly rich, and was afterwards knigiited by kiijg Richard, for the share which he took in quelling Wat Tyler's insurrection in 1381. See Editor's note in the Archseologia for more about him.
Page 802, line 23. " The mayor ivould never suffer," &c.] — The Harleian Chronicle (p. 259) says, " the mayor and commons."
Page 803, line 6. " //^ his place within himself.^l — Tlie Harleian Chronicle (p. 260,) says, " in the inn of the marshall."
Page 803, line 21. " With their bills," &c.] — " The armed men wandered up and down the chambers, thrusting through the beds with their lances. 'I'he privy houses were searched, but all in vain." — Harleian Chronicle, p. 261.
Page 803, line 24.] "John Yper . . . had desired them to dinner."'] — " This
920 APPENDIX TO VOI
was at Ipios inn, in St. Thoinns Apostle, west of the cliurcli. William of Ipres, a Fieniinp, wlio came over to tiie aid of king Stephen against, the em- ])ress Maud in 1138, huilt this 'great messuage' (as Stow calls il) near the Tower Royal, where the king ' was then lodged, as in the heart of the citj", for his more safety.' (Stows London, by Strype, vol. iii. p. 8.) William was created earl of Kent liy Stephen, hut in the subsequent reign was forced to leave England, and died a monk at Laon, according to Dugd. Bar. i. p. G12. But Stow says he was recalled and restored to his possessions, which remained to his descendants. John of Ipres, named in the text, was a person ofsuiKcient imjxirtance to be appointed one of king Edward's executors. See Nichols's Koyal Wills, ]>. C3." — ylrcliceologia, vol. xxii. p. 261, note.
Page 803, line 34.] — For " Kingston," the Ilarleian Cin-onicle (p. 2(52) reads " Kenyngton." The princess here mentioned w-as Joan, widow of the Black Prince.
Page 80 1, line 9. " One of his gentlemen."'] — " A certayn soldier of the duke'?, called Thomas Wynlon, a Scotchman borne." — Ilarleian Chronicle, p. 2G3.
Page 804, line 18.] — Foxe reads " Sir .\lbred Lcwer," the Harleian Chronicle (p. 2()3) " De Ver." Sir Aubrey de Vere was uncle to Hobert earl of Oxford, afterwards duke of Ireland, the favourite of Hichard the Second.
Sir Lewis Clifford, an ancestor of lord Cliflbrd of Chudleigh, became a leader among the Lollards, but afterwards recanted to archbishop Arundel. (\\ alsing- ham, p. 409.) His very remarkable will, in which he enjoins his executors to bury him, " false and traytor to his Lord God," with extraordinary indignities, is ])reserved in Dugdale's Baronage, vol. i. p. 341. — Arehccologia, vol. xxii. p. 2G4.
Page 805.] — This story about the martial bishop of Norwich is given in the Harleian Chronicle, p. 277 j where we find the place correctly named " Lynn," of which the Latin is Lenna : Lynn is also tlie reading in the interdict of archbishop Sudbury, printed in Wilkins's Concilia, vol. iii. p. 118.
Page 809, note (2).] — Foxe, in the text, professes himself uncertain what the occasion was of this fresh return of benefices held by aliens in England. It is certain, however, that the rctuin was required in consequence ot an order of the ])arliament which met at Gloucester, the Wednesday alter the feast of St. Luke the Evangelist, 2 Rich. II. [October 19th, a.d. 1378,] that the tempo- ralities of all the benefices held in England by those cardinals and others, who took ])art with the antipoj)e Clement VII. against the true pope Urban VI., should he seized into the king's hands. The schism in the papacy between Urban VI. and Clement \'II. divided all Chii.-tendom, each state declaring for one or other of the two popes, not so much on account of the right of the parties, as for political reasons. France, who.se interest it was that the pope should reside at Avignon, joined with Clement ; and, for a contrary reason, England thought it more advantageous to adhere to the pope of Rome. ( Rapin.) The enactment of the parliament will be found in Cotton, p. 46, 2 Rich. 11. titt. 70, 71, 78. Rymer gives many instruments founded on this p,;rliamentaiy enactment, appiopriating the proceeds of the benefices in question j and tians- fi'iring the benefices to new parties.
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