M. Paris, represents this letter as addressed to the pope : the Burton Annals

(page 327) more correctly represent it as addressed to the two persons to whom the pope's letter was addressed, and as beginning thus : — " Robertus, Dei permissione Lincolnise episcopus, Cantuariensi archidiacono et Magistro liniocentio Domini I'apje scriptori salutem et benedictionem. Intellexinuis vos literam Domini Papje recepisse in ha»c verba : — Inuocentius episcopus, &c. . . . Dilectis filiis Archidiacono Cantuariensi et Magistro Innocentio scriptori nostra ill Anglia commoranti salutem, Sfc. ut infra. [The pope's letter on behalf of his nephew is not given in the Burton Annals till seventy-five pages later, having been omitted at its proper place.] Noverit autem discretio vestra," &c. M.Paris, however, takes up Grosthead's letter at the word "Salutem," and makes it the opening of a letter from Grosthead to Innocent : — " llescri])sit ei ad haec verba : Salutem. Noverit discretio vestra," &'C. It is not easy, however, to understand how Grosthead should talk to Innocent about — " Prcrdictce literse tenor;" and, further on, " Propterea, reverendi Domini;" and near the end, " his quae in prcrdicfa litera conlinentur." The explanation of these
Sl)0 API'KN'DIX TO VOL. II.
cxiircssions is, that Giosllioad was immedialehj addressing the archdeacon of C;intcrbury and the pope's scribe, Innocent, and had begun his letter by adverting to that wliicli tliey liad received from Innocent.
Page r)28, line 5.] — Foxe adds "Hebrew," but that is not in tlie original; see, liowever, p. 523.
Page 52S, line 8.] — Gilles de Torres, a Spaniard, was canon of Burgos, after- wards archbishopof Toledo, created cardinal-deacon of St.Cosnnis and St. Daniien A.D. 121(>, died a,d. 1254. (Moreri, v. Cardinal.) He seems to have been a very thoughtful and respectable person. M. Paris mentions his death sub an. 1255, and gives him this high character: " Qui ajtate ferme ccntenarius, singularis, pare carcns, exstitit columna in curia Romana veritatis et justitiae, et munerum aspcrnator, qujr rigorcm anjuitatis flectcre consuevenuit."
Page 528, line 18. "John de St. Giles."]— Mr. Pegge (Life of Grosthead, page 220) says that he probably derived his name from the paiish of St. Giles in St. Alban's, now demolished. — Fuller's Worthies, Tanner, and Wood.
Page 528, line 25.] — " In paupcrtate voluntaria, quae est paupertas spirilus." — M. Parts.
Page 528, line 10 from the bottom. '^Approved"'] — " Authenticam " (M. Paris, page 874) ; " Solemn" (Foxe).
Page 528, line 14 from the bottom.] — It seems doubtful whctlier the words " Heresis enim Graece, electio est Latine," should be considered a part of Grosthead's definition of heresy, or whether they were originally written in the margin as a gloss, and were afterwards inserted in the text by some transcriber. " Enim " is wanting in the printed copies of M. Paris, but it is inserted in the passage as cited by Ducange, i\ Haeresis. Grosthead seems to have had some reference to St. Jerome's definition of heresy (Comment, ad Galatas, cap. v.), cited in the Corpus Juris Canonici, Causa xxxiv. Quaest. iii. caj). 27; " Ha?resis Grrecc ab electione dicitur," &c.
Page 528, line 5 from the bottom. "A l>oy."] — " Parvulo " (Grosthead) ; "pueroparvulo " (Burt. Ann.) ; "nepotulo suo puero " (Knighton).
Page 529, line 10.] " Non caret scrupulo societatis occulta?, qui manifesto facinori dcsinit obviare." — M. Paris, p. 874.
Page 530, § 8. " 77ie Caursini."] — "The Caiu-sini were a set of Italian merchants, infamous for usurious contracts, particularly in France, whence the kings drove them out by repeated laws and statutes. Of those issued by the king of France the most famous is an edict of St. Louis, 12G8, permitting them to act as merchants provided they did not practise usury; and another of Philip de Valois, 1340. M. Paris speaks of them as a public nuisance in England in the middle of the thirteenth century. Henry III. expelled tlicm, but, by the interference of the pope, re-admitted them, and soon after in 1251 drove them away again. They were one division of the Lombards, by which general name the Italian Merchants who lent money were distinguished all over Europe, but divided into societies or companies called, from the head of the firm or house, Amanati, Accaioiiili, Bardi, Corsini, Caorcini, Caursini, or Cauarsini. Du Cange, voc. Caorcini. Rymer has preserved a recommendation from Ed- ward III. 1.'331, to David king of Scotland, to repay on his account to certain merchants of the society of Bardi at Florence 1000 out of 1300 marks due to liim from David's father, Robert." — Mr. Pegge, Archceologia, vol. x. p. 242.
Page 530, note (2).] — Most of the individuals mentioned in this section have been spoken of in tlic note on ]>. 318. Jacobus de Viteri is also called dc J'itriaco (Cave) ; he became cardinal-bishop of P'rascati, and, with Robert de ("arson and others, engaged actively in preaching up the crusade against the Albigenses a.d. 1215 (See Usher, " De Christ. Eccles. Sue. et Statu," lib. X. § 41). Respecting Roger, bishop of London, see supra, p. 403.
Page 530, note (4).]— M. Paris states (edit. IGIO, p. 734) that Richard, earl of Cornwall, by authority from the pope gatliercd large sums of money from those who were signed with the cross (Dugdale's Bar. vol. i. p. 763) ; and he states at p. 732, that William Longspee, earl of Salisbury, made this precedent a ground of application to the pope for a similar licence, which was granted him, and yielded him above 1000 marks. — Dutjdalc, vol. i. p. 178.
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 891
Page 531 , line 10 from llio bottom.] — " Luxuri.i " is here Just ; hence lechery. — Pegge's Life of Grosthcud, p. 210, note (c), and Nares's Glosnary, v. LiLvuri/.
Page 531, § 15. "^ legale should never come into England unless the king himself desire zV."] — See supra, p. 255.
Page 533, line 10 from the bottom.] — " Nee potuit ei Cardinalis Albi physica siiflragari, non enim pepercit ilobertus Lincolniensis Sinebaldo Genu- ensi." (M. Paris.) Albus de Vitcrbo is mentioned by Moreri, v. Cardinal, as created cardinal a.d, 1252, but his title is not stated. He was of the Cis- tercian order.
Page 534, note (1).] — See the Burton Annals, p. 344. Rymcr gives an order, dated Woodstock, 20th August, 40 Henry III. [a.d. 1250], " De domibus Judaeorum suspensorum pro puero crucifixo apud Lincoln vendendis." (See the note on p. 188.) The expulsion of the Jews from France is men- tioned by M. Paris, p. 861, ad an. 1252 ; M. Westm. ad an. 1253. This pillage of the Jews by Henry is in M. Paris, p. 887, ad an. 1254, soon after Easter.
Page 535, line 11 from the bottom.] — " In partibus Transalpinis." — M. West- minster.
Page 535, line \G from the bottom.] — This affair is related ad an. 1200, 44 Hen. III.: the bishop of London, Fulco, died May 12th, a.d. 1259. — Bl. Paris.
Page 535, line 5 from the bottom.] — '* Thesaurario suo." — M. Westminster.
Page 536, note (1).] — The text of the foregoing paragraph has been revised in several places from the original.
Page 536, note (2).]— M. Paris wrote to 43 Hen. III., which ended 27th October, a.d. 1259. He records the death of Fulco by the plague in the spring, and says he was buried at St. Paul's on St. Urban's day, i. e. May 25th.
Page 536, note (3).] — This was the first occasion on which tenths were levied by the king on the clergy ; and it was done on the authority of a special bull, granted to the king by Pope Innocent IV^., who at the same time ordered a new valuation to be taken of all the benefices in England, with a view to this tax ; the making of this valuation was committed to Walter de Suthfeld, bishop of Norwich, a.d. 1254; whence this valuation was called the ' Taxatio Nor- wicensis.' The following note of Wharton, in his Anglia Sacra, vol. i. p. 411, on B. Cotton's " De Episcopis Norvicensibus," will show the matter in its true light. The grant itself will be found, according to Brady and Tyrrell, 27 lien. III., M. P. f. 866, n. 20, 303. " Iste Waiterus, mandato Innocentii Paps, qui Hegi decimam omnium bonorum Ecclesia^ticorum per triennium perci- piendam concesserat, anno 1254 fecit descriptionem valoris reddituum ad Eccle- siasticos in tota Anglia spectantium. Missis enim (verba sunt Annalium Burton.) per totum regnum preeceptis, in singulis Capitulis et Decanatibus cujuscunque Diocesis fecit decanum et tresrectores velvicarios, quifuerintmajoris auctoritatis, inquirere veritatem et sub juramento certificare qua? sit justa jestimatio onmium proventuum Ecclesiasticorum tarn majorum quam minorum, et preedictas justas SEstimationesin scriptis fideliter redigere, ad se transmittendas. Ista descriptio Walteri cura habitain tabulas publicas descripta est, et dato, Taxa Noriuicensis nomine, in cunctis fere Cleri censibus deinceps usurpata fuit."
Page 537, note (4).] — " Summa or Sagma, onus. Sitmma bladi quanti con- stiterit, docet Charta an. 1223. ' Summam bladi, scilicet tres modios bladi:' vide Sarcina." " Quails fuerit Sarcina bladi apud Montepessulanos, definitur in Charta an. 1340. ' Sarcinas bladi quinque sextaria ad mensuram loci illius continentes.' "' (Carpentier's Supplement to Ducange.) Bp. Fleetwood, in his Chronicon Pretiosum (page57) dei\nes it a quarter of eight bushels; aiul Dr. Kelly (Universal Cambist), and Sir H. Ellis, in his Introduction to the Doomsday- Book, pagexlii. note (11), leads to the same conclusion. M. Paris, an. 1205, says, " Summa frumenti duodecim solidis vendebatur."
Page 537, note (6).] — This affair of Sicily lasted from a.d. 1255, when Ed- mund was actually invested by Alexander IV'. with the two Sicilies, to a.d. 1266, when Clement IV. finding the English would be squeezed no more, offered the kingdom of Sicily to Charles, earl of Anjou. Kapin remarks that this affair of Sicily was the main source of Henry's trouble.^, of the establishment of the
892 AITKNDIX TO VOL. II.
cliarters, and the dowiifal of popery. Ricliard, carl of Cornwall, was crowned at Aix-la-('liapel!e oil Ascension day, May 17tli, 12.57. See a letter of liis own to a friend in En St. .James (May 1) is incidentally mentioned as happening on a Tuesday, which (by Nicolas's 'l'al)les) suits the year 12.07. M. Paris calls Ascension Day " sexto Cal. Junii," leaving out "decimo," for 16 Cal. Jun. is May 17th, which (by Nicolas's Tables) was Ascension Day in 1257.
. Page 538, lineS.]— M. Paris (page 989) says, " trecenta millia librarum parvarum Turonensium." Foxe, ''thirteen hundred thousand of Tviren pounds."
Page 539, line 17 from the bottom.] — Wikes says they were married on the Feast of Stt. Fabian and Sebastian, 1235, i.e. January 20th, a.d. 123G, which Avas a Sunday (Nicolas's Tables).
Page 540, note (I).J — Foxe's text has been improved from the original, which is as follows: — "Justitiarii regis Angliaequi dicuntur ' Itineris,' missi Ilerufordiam pro suoexequendo ollicio, repelluntur ; allegautibus his qui Regi adversabantur ip- Trh. ad an. 12G0.
Page 541, line 1. " One month after Pentecost [June 11th]." — Foxe here, following Hemingford, says, " The fifteenth day after Easter." But, in truth, the previous application of the barons to Henry was made in a parliament which the king summoned to discuss the affairs of the country, and especially the pope's demand for Sicily, on the Quindene of Easter, 1258, i.e. April 7th. (Nicolas's Tables.) Henry himself refers to the above parliament in a letter given by Rymer, dated Westminster, May 2d ; and in another letter of the same date (given also by Rymer) he grants the barons a parliament, to meet at Oxford one montli after Pentecost, to reform the government. St. Barnabas' Day is assigned by the Burton Annals and Wikes, i.e. June 11th, and it sat eleven days. Pentecost that year was on May 12th.
_ Page 541, line 23. " That they departing the realm."'] — Rymer (an. 1258) gives a safe conduct of the king to his brothers, dated Winchester July 5th, by which it appears that they were to leave England by July 14th.
Page 542, line 1. '' Thirteenth."]— 'Po\q says " fourteenth." But Heming- ford and the Burton Annals say, the Quindene of St. Michael, i.e. Oct. 13tli ; the latter adds that it was Edward the Confessor's day, i.e. Oct. 13th, 1258. The Provisions of Oxford were proclaimed after this Parliament. Oct. 13lh fell on a Sunday in 1258, so that probably they did not proceed to business till the Monday, Oct. 14th.
Page 512, line 14. " To be released of their o«///."]— Three hulls are given in Rymer, sub anno 1261 : one to the king, absolvinghim from his oath, dated Laleran, Id. April, anno pontif. 7; a second, to the Magnates, Pr;elati, and all concerned, absolving them, dated Rome, 3 Cal. M^ii, anno pontif. 7; a third, requiring them to return to their obedience, dated Viterbo, Non. Maii anno ])ontif. 7.
Page 542, line 17. " A parliament at Winchester."] — Foxe says "Another parliament at Oxford." But a parliament was held at Winchester, Whit- sunday, June 12th a.d. 1261, at which the king made known the dispensation which he had received from the po])e, and his determination not to adhere to his oatli, as the barons had neglected theirs. — Thomas If'i/ces.
Page .542, line 13 from the bottom.] — This list of nobles is corrected from Dugdale's Baronage.
Page 543, line 2. " JFas referred to Zo«m."]— Hemingford is here rather speaking by anticipation, for the reference to Louis was not made till the close of A.D. i26.'{, after which the Parliament met at Oxford, and the barons there continuing firm, matters were brought to extremity. (See M. Westm.) Thos. \\ ikes, indeed, says, that the reference to Louis was made Candlemas [Feb. 2d] A.D. 1262, but he was misled by the date of Louis's award. (See the note on p. 547.)
Page 543, line 10.]— Thomas Wikes dates this temporary peace St. Nicholas's day, i.e. Dec. 6th, a.d. 1261.
Page 5 13, line 8 from the bottom. " Commanded the same to be published."]—
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 893
Ilymer gives a letter of the king's, commamling all the slicriiFs to proclaim Llm absolved from his oath, dated May 2d, A.D. 1202.
Page 515, line IG. " The same year," &c.] — Alexander IV. died May 25th, A.D. 12G1 ; and the course of Foxe's narrative has already brought us into tiio year a.d. 1262; we should, therefore, rather read here "the previous year." Urban IV. was crowned pope, September 4th, a.o. 12G1. — L'Jrt de I'er. dcs Dales.
Page 515, note (2).] — Rymer gives Henry's application to Urban for dis- pensation from his oath, dated January 1st.
Page 545, note (3).] — Foxe's text leaves out "Baldwin, earl of Devonshire," and makes " Richard, earl of Gloucester and Hereford " (sic) the person who died in France. This is at variance with the truth (see Dugdale's Baronage), and with his own alleged authority, from which the text has been corrected.
Pat^e 54G, note (1).] — " Joh. Mansel, qui domini regis principalis consilia- rius extitit, arridente sibi fortuna in tantum ditatus est reditibus, ut septingentis de novo sibi accuinulatisad quatuor millia marcaruin totalis ejus reditus annuus ajstimabatur. Ita ut nostris temporibus non est visas clcricus in tantam opulen- tiam ascendisse." — M. Paris, an. 1252.
Page 547, line 10. " To hear and stand to the arhiirement of Louis."'\ — This is rather a premature statement; see the next note. Henry, however, did go to France at this time, for Rymer gives a letter of the king's, dated West- minster, September 15th, a.d. 1263, stating, that being invited to attend a parliament of the French king at Boulogne-sur-mer on the Quindene of the nativity of the Virgin Mary (;'. e. September 22d), he meant to return to England by the Octaves of St. Michael, i. e. October 6th.
Page 547, line 31.] — The parliament at which the king and the barons agreed to make this reference to the French king was held at London on St, Lucy's day, i e. Dec. 13th, a.d. 1263; and the agreement itself is given by Rymer, dated Windsor, Sunday after St. Lucy's day, i. e. December 16th, A. D. J 263 (by Nicolas's Tables).
Page 547, line 35.] — Louis's award is given by Rymer, dated " Amiens, the morrow after St. Vincent's day [i. e. January 23d] a.d. 1263," i.e. 1264 of our reckonino^ : but that was the day of the parliament assembling : the aivard was pronounced February 3d (see Tyrrell's Appendix). Pope Urban's confirmation of this award is also given by Kymer, dated "17 Cal. April, anno pontific. 3," i.e. March 16th, a.d. 1264.
Pao^e 547, line 7 from the bottom.] — The reader is not to suppose that the affair between the king and Simon Montfort in Southwark was now repeated.
Pa^e 547, line 5 from the bottom.] — The parliament met at Oxford on Mid- lent Sunday (Marcii 30th) ; where the king produced the pope's absolution ao-ain, and the French king's award : but neither was allowed.
Pao-e 548, linel.] — Thomas Wikes says that the king set out from Oxford, and displayed his banner at Northampton on the Nones (5th) of April, being Saturday before Passion Sunday, which suits the year 1264, according to Nicolas's Tables. ■ Page 548, line 3.] — This list is corrected from Hemingford and Dngdale.
Page 548, line 14 from the bottom.] — Rymer gives the king's order to the scholars to retire from Oxford to make way for the Parliament, dated Oxford March 12th a.d. 1264.
Page 549, line 13.] — The following list has been collated with the text of Hemingford : the names have also been verified and corrected by Nash's History of Northamptonshire.
Page 549, line 26.] — Foxe dates the battle of Northampton "the Sabbath day in Passion Week, being the third of April." But M. Westm. says, " Hoc actum fuit Sabbato primo Passionis Dominicce ;" Hemingford, "Sabbato primo in Passione Domini :" i. e. the Saturday before Passion Sunday, April 5tli (by Nicolas's Tables). See also the note on p. 548, line 1.
Page 549, line 14 from the bottom.] — " Warren " is substituted for " Wor- cester," which is Foxe's reading. See Dugdale's Baronage.
S'jl Al'TENDIX TO VOL. II.
Page 550, line 8. " Bamierels."] — " Vexillarlos." — IFcm'uhjfoyd.
Page 550, line 10.] — The edition of 1571 correctly reads " Winclielsca," which afterwards was erroneously altered into " Winchester."
Page 550, line 11. " The Saturday."] — Hemingford says " Sabbato," whioli Foxc mistranslates " Sunday." The " twelfth day of May," presently men- tioned, fell in the year 1261 on a Monday. (Nicolas's Tables.)
Page 551, line 30.]— The following names are corrected from Ilemingfi.rd and Dugdale.
Page 551, line 13 from the bottom.] — "Warren" is substituted for Foxe's " Warwick," agreeably to Hemingford and Dugdale.
Page 551, line 10 from the bottom. " Bannerets."] — " Vexillarlos." — Hem- ingford.
Page 551, line 8 from the bottom.] — *' Et erat ibi juvenilis .ttas quasi totius niilitiae suae." — Hemingford.
Page 552, line 1 from the bottom.] — " Per partes utrasque tumultuabat." — Hemingford.
Page 553, line 16.] — Foxe says " upon the nineteenth day of May." In thus dating the battle of Lewes he is misled by Hemingford, who says, "Acta ha-c sunt in mense Mail, die Sancti Dunstani." But Tlio. Wikes says it was fought " Prid. Id. Maii, xiv. sc. ojusdem mcnsis, die Mercurii proxima. ante festum S. Dunstani," i. e. Wednesday, May 1 1th, a. d. 1264. St. Dunstan's Day is May 19th, and fell that year on a Monday. (Nicolas's Tables.)
Page 553, line 10 from the bottom.] — " Decrescente parte Regis," says Hemingford : this paragraph has been corrected from his text.
^ Page 554, line 11.] — Foxe here refers to Parker's " Antiquitates Britannic.-c EcclesicE." This passage is to be found in the edition printed at Hanover, 1605, page 188. The first edition was printed at London by John Daye, 1572. Page 554, note (3).] — The Latin copy in Rymer docs not name his chap- lains.— " Tertii) actum est, quod magistros tales, familiares clericos suos secuni adducat; et hos tantiim clericos alienigenas de consilio suo et familia retineat." Baldwin does not appear to have returned till Ascension-Day, May 6th, a.d. 1266.— T. Wikes, ad an.
Page 556, line 13.]— See p. 719.
Page 556, line 19.]— Urban IV. died October 2nd, a d. 1264. Clement IV. was crowned Feb. 22nd or 26th, a.d. 1265. {L'/lrt de Ver. des Dates.) He had been made cardinal-bishop of St. Sabine, a.d. \2Q\.—Moreri v. Cardinal.
Page 556, line 25.] — The words " in England " are put in from Trivet. Page 556, line 26.] — Thomas Aquinas was called the angelic doctor, Bona- venture the seraphic doctor: both died the same year, a.d. 1274.
Page 559, line 2.]— Foxe says " Concerning non-residents:" the document itself proves the propriety of the change made, both here and in the margin.
Page 560, line 28. " The park of Dunetish and Tileg."']~See Hutchins's Dorsetshire, vol. iii. pp. 257, 260, and Dugdale's Monasticon v. Ccrne. At line 34 " Alfred " is substituted for " abbot," which is a manifest lapsus.
Page 561, line 4 from the bottom. "/ bid you adieu."] — " Commendo vos Deo " (Hemingford), which Foxe renders " betake you to God."
Page 561, note (2).] — Simon Montfort wanted to monopolize the ransoms of the principal prisoners.
Page 561, note (3). " Phi' ip Basset."]— So says Hemingford, correctly. See supra, p. 548, and Dugdale's Baronage. Foxe says " John."
Page 561, note (4).]— p'oxe's text says " Robert," for which he had Hemingford's authority: but Wikes says " Thomas do Clare ;" and Dugdale states, that for this very action he was included with the earl, his brother, in a pardon, which is preserved among the Tower Records.
Page 561, note (5).] — " Si forte torneare deberet, sicut et aliquando volu-
APPENDIX TO VOL. 11. 895
issent." (IleiningforJ.) Foxe reiuleis the last words "as tliey might when they listed."
Page 562, line IG. " Jnd when this," &c.]— " Nuiiciatumquo est hoc Ed- wardo filio Regis ])er exploratorem suum Margoth, qui cum iiiulier esset, in
veste turn virili velut homo gradiehatur Eratque tunc Edwardus apud
Wircestriam quam post Gloucestriam paulo ante devicerat, ct accepto nuncio consurgens de nocte ahiit." — Ilemingford.
Page 562, line 26.] — " Cum processissent in itincrc, venerunt liostinm longa; quadrigse, ut victualia quiererent, et continuo captae sunt, at equi distributi in loco lassatorum equoruni per exercitum."
Page 562, line 36. " Prince Edward immediately returned to Worcester." — Tiiese words are added to the text Croni Hemingford : " Et statim ad Wirces- triam reversi sunt."
Page 562, line 5 from the bottom.] — " DL^cit [speculator] ad comitem .... apparent vexilla tuorum. Et ille, Filius mens est : lie tinicas. Sed vade et circumspice, ne forte prosoccupemur circumventi ; non eiiim cognoverat adliuc de his qua; filio acciderant. Perrexit ergo speculator ille in altum in cloccario Abbatige," &c. — Hemingford,
Page 563, line 1.] — " Festinavitque ut Monte Elyno ascenso primos belli ictus occupare posset." — Hemingford.
Page 563, line 12.] — Hemingford says : " Prrecepitque ut confiterenfur omnes, et essent parati in prrelium, qui pro legibus terrge mori vellent et pro justitia :" which Foxe renders " should make himself ready to God, and to fight out the field ; for that it was their will to die for their laws and in a just quarrel."
Page 563, line 8 from the bottom. " But after the battle,'" &c.] — This and the next sentence had slipped into the middle of the next paragraph.
Page 564, line 26.] — Othobon arrived in England with the queeu about All -saints' day, i.e. Nov. 1st, and the parliament and convocation met at Norlhampton on St. Nicholas's day, i.e. Dec. 6th. (Chron. Dunstap.) Another parliament met at Northampton, April 11th, a. d. 1266. — Evesh. Jlnnales.
Page 564, note (1)] — The last name mentioned in the above list of slain stands in Foxe " the lord Roger Rowley," in Hemingford " dominus Rogerus de Roule," in Dugdale " Roger de Rowele " (vol. i. p. 758). The individual meant was undoubtedly Sir Roger de Ruhala, or, as the name was afterwards spelt in the more modern portion of the pedigree, Rowele or Rowell, Rouall, or Roall ; and Dugdale, who is an authority on these points, calls the name Rowele, which spelling is the best that can be given. Tiie family of Rowell was of consequence in the county of Lincoln, and possessed lands in the Isle of Axholme, whither the barons retired. He should by no means be called the lord Roger Rowele, but sir Roger Rowele, being one of the many (some say 150) /i?iights who viere slain with Simon. For this information, the editor is indebted to the kindness of William Courthope, Esq., Rouge Croix.
Page 564, note (2).] — Foxe represents the barons as having been disinherited somewhat later, at the parliament of Northampton. But the Tower Record referred to in this note and cited by Brady and Tyrrell, proves that they were disinherited and their estates seized into the king's bands at the parliament of Winchester, Sept. 8tli. Foxe, however, had authority. (See Hemingford, and Knighton.) The error has been corrected in the text by a slight transposition. A commission is printed in Brady's Appendix (vol. i. No. 223), directing an account to be taken of the forfeited estates, to be sent in with the Michaelmas Rents on or before St. Edward's day next ensuing [Oct. 13th]. On that day the parliament resumed its sittings for eight days, when the estates of the barons were absolutely given to the king, who bestowed them on his friends. (Tyrrell, p. 1056.)
Page 564, note (3).] — The bishops referred to were those of Lincoln, London, Worcester, and Lichfield. They were pronounced excommunicate by Othobon at the council of Northampton, and ordered to appear " infra (Quadra- gesima" to answer for their rebellion. In tiie meantime the bishop of Worcester died, but was absolved on his death-bed (Godwin de Praesulibus). The other
gy6 Al'l'ENDIX TO VOL. IT.
llirce ajipoarcul at llic lime appointed, and were ordered to come and receive jiid-;nient " on tlie qnindcne of Easier ;" wlien they were sent oil' to tiie conrt of Home, there to answer for their eonduct. — Cliron. Dunstap. and Thos U'i/ces, ad an. 1206.
Pape .OGl, note (4.) — Fo.xe liad anthority for his statements in the text, as the followin"- extract from Hemingford will show : — " Tennitqne Rex Parliamentum snum niense Novembri apud Northampton, et exhicredati sunt omnes qui coniiti Simoni astiterunt, et uxori ejus cum liberis ; tenuitcjue ibidem concilium Othobon, legatus Domini Papai, et excommunicavit onines Episcopos, qui eidein eomiti Simoni auxilium prajstitcrant et favorcm. Misitque quosdam eorum ad i)r;rsentiam Pap;c, pro beneficio absolutionis obtinendo; publicavitque qua.Hlam statuta quio fecerat, et concessionem Domini Vnyiv dementis quam Cecerat Heiji et Uegina;; et decima Anglicanai Ecclesianjv concessa eisdem per sex annos sequentes ; fiebatque cito post taxatio Norwicensis per Walterum Norwicensem Episcopuni, qui ad hoc orius electus est. Factaque sunt lia;c in anno Domini 12GG." — JIht. Angl. Scrip/ores, Edidit Thomceus Gale, Oxon. 1(39), vol. ii. p. 587. The same passage is copied by Knyghton in the Decem Scriptores, col. 2454 ; it is also quoted bv Wilkins in his Concilia, ad annum. — Kut besides tlie error of representing the barons as disinherited at Northampton (pointed out in the last note but one, and corrected in Foxe's text), there is l)robably some error as to the extent of " the new grant made to the king and queen o'f the tenths for seven" (or even "six," as Hemingford states) "years to come." Several papal bulls are printed in Rymer, dated Viterbo Id. ^ep. and 8 Cal. Oct. 12G5, transferring to the use of the king owe year's tenths which had been previously levied on the church by the barons : and afterward a grant was made to the king of the tenths for three years, out of which the queen was to have 00,000/. ; see the notes in this Appendix on pp. 566, note (.*5,) and 567, note (6.) — But Hemingford is certainly mistaken in representing the " Taxatio iNorwicensis" as now first made, and Foxe is still further mistaken in translating his words "shortly after a tax was also fined upon the county of Norfolk." The time and occasion of the said "Taxatio Norwicensis" being made have been stated in this Appendix, in the note on p. 536. Bartholomew Cotton states in his " Annales Norwicenses " that a twentieth was this year voted bv Parliament to the disinherited barons, " secundum taxationem domini Walteride Suthfend quondam Episcopi Norwicensis " (Anglia Sacra, tom. i. p. 398) ; and Wikes (see the note in this Appendix on p. 566, note (3)) calls it " taxatio nequiter innovata" : from such expressions, probably, Hemingford erroneously inferred, that the present was the original occasion of the " Tax- atio Norwicensis" being made.
Pai^e 564, note (5).] — Foxe omits to mention that Simon de Montforf, jiin. as well as D'Eyvile, threw himself into Axholm. Henry ordered an army to assemble at Northampton to reduce the rebels in Axholm "circa ftstum Stos. Lucia* " [Dec. 13th]. They surrendered at discretion, Dec. 27th, saving life and limbs. (M. Paris, Annal. Waverl.) On presenting himself before the king ai Northampton, Simon, through the intercession of Richard, king of the Romans, was kindly received by the king, and ajjpointed a pension of 500 marks during good behaviour: he accompanied the king to London Jan. 13th, but hearing that he was to be imprisoned in the Tower he suddenly absconded on the night of St. Scholaslica's day, being Ash- Wednesday [which gives Feb. 10th, a.d. 1266, by Nicolas's fables] ; he joined the pirates of the Cinque Ports, till they were defeated by Prince Edward at Winchelsea on the feast of SS. Perpetua and Felicitas [March 7th], after which he took refuge in France. Rymer gives a proclamation of Henry, dated Northampton May 18th, a.d. 1266, stating that Simon and his friends were raising forces in France to invade England ; and Rymer gives also a bull of excommunication against him for intriguing at Paris against Henry, dated Viterbo, 17 Cal. Octob. a.d. 1266; after wliich lie joined the barons in the Isle of Ely, and there surrendered. — Annal. Waved., M. Paris, Cliron. Dunstap., Rymer.
Page 561, note (6).]— Some place the death of Walter in the year 1267, while all place it in the month of February. There seems little doubt, however, that he died in 1266, for his successor, Nicholas of Ely, appears (by the Annal. Waverl.) as bishop of Worcester among the twelve conunissioners chosen at Coventry in the ensuing summer. Nicholas seems also to have been conse-
APPKNDIX TO VOL. II. 897
^•vated, witli the bishop of Landaff, " octavis Pentecostes," May 2;kl, a.d. 12GG, on the return of arclihishop Boniface about Ascension-day ('rhonias Wikcs) ; or rather with Roger, bishop of Norwich, Sept. 19th. (Aiiiial. Wigornienses :) (see Wharton's note, AngHa Sacra, toni. i. p. 496.)
Page 565, hne 29. " Twelve persons were chosen."'\ — 'J'hese twelve were chosen and sat at Coventry (M.Paris. Chron. Dunstap.), which will explain the allusion at page 567, line lU.
Page 566, line 6.] — This mention of Simon Montfort tallies with the account given of him in the note on p. 564, note (5),
Page 566, line 10 from the bottom.] — The king was roused to attack the Isle of Ely by the excesses committed bj' the barons, who had taken refuge there. (Chronicon de Barnewelle, Leland's Collectanea, vol. ii. p.4;]9.) They attacked and plundered Norwich, 17 Cal. Jan. 1267 (Anglia Sacra, torn. i. p. 398), " circa festuiii Sti. Nicolai, in mense Decembri." (T. Wikes.) The king came to Bury on his way to Ely on the Octaves of St. Hilary (Jan. 20th), and held a parliament there " Crastino Purificatiouis (Feb. 3d), where he asked for a second tenth beside what the pope had granted him, but was refused. (T. Wikes, Chron. Dunstap.) He besieged the Isle of Ely all Lent; after which he was joined by prince Edward from tlie North ; and left for London, which had been invested by the earl of Gloucester about Easter (April 17th). Henry advanced about 3 Non. Maii (^L^y 5th), and stopped several weeks at Stratford. Tire earl evacuated London 8 Id. Julii, and made terms for his party. — Leland's Collect, ii. p. 439, T. Wikes, Annal. Waverl.
Page 566, note (2).]— Walter Gifford, chosen bishop of Bath and Wells May 22d, a.d. 1264, seems to have been translated to York October 15th, A.D. 1265 (Richardson's Godwin); T. Wikes and the Waverley Annals, how- ever, confirm Foxes statement.
Page 566, note (3).] — Foxe says, " Lr this year also the Church of England began to pay the tenths of all her revenues, as well spiritual as temporal, to the king." Probably he is quoting here "Scala Mundi," and a little misapprehends the meaning of the original, applying " spiritual and temporal" to the revenues instead of the clergy. 'l"he following is the accormt of the matter in the N\ averley Annals: — "Item hoc anno (1266) conccssa est Domino Regi decinia onrnirrm Ecclesiarum et omnium boiioium Religiosorirm et Ecclesiasticarrurr jiersoirarum Anglife, Walliae, Hybernise, et Scotiae, exceptis Teniplariis, Hospitalariis, et Ordine Cisterciensi, per tres annos." (Gale, vol. ii. p. 223.) Thomas Wikes, ad annum 1267, says to the same effect : — " Et ne Clericonrnr marsupia sacculis laicornm abundantiirs intuniescerent, sed essct Cleris sicut et populis, sumnuis Pontifex excedens potius, si fas sit dicere, potestatis plcnitudinem, qiuim exercens, inaudito contributionis genere Aiigiicanam Ecclesiam concedendo Domino Hegi Angloruirr decimam partem onniiirm bonorunr et proverrturun annrrorum, tam Clericoruru, quam religio.sorum, paucis religiosis duntaxat exceptis, quicuirr ne cum aliis contribiierent, et sic srra la?dercnt ]rivilcgia, inestimabili data pecunia I'edimenda duxerunt, et non solum sub antiquam vel pcrnequiter inriovatam taxationem decimas suas rurius anni reddere sunt eoacti, sed et trium annorum sub decimatione verum et plenum rerum siiaruirr valorem singuli persolvcbant . . . . " (Gale, tom. ii. p. 84.) In explanation and confirmation of the above statements, it may be remarked, that there is in Rymer a bull, dated " Viterbo Id. July, pontificatus anno tertio" [1267], and directed to Othobon, intirrrating that tiie pope liad previoushi granted the king the tenth of all ecclesiastical revenues in England, Ireland, and Wales, for thi-ee years, out of which 60,000 poimdsToiu-s were to be deducted and allowed the queen to pay her debts. This bull urges the immediate raising of these 60,000 pounds ("si forsitan non sint collecta), to be ptud over to the queen's creditors. To the same matter Hemingford probably refers in the passage cited from him in the note on p. 564, note (3).
Page 567, note (2).] — Mention is made of the Peches in the Chronicle of Barnwell Priory (Leland's Collectanea, vol. ii. p. 439), as a family of con- siderable consequence in those parts, and in particular the hmtheis llugh and Robert Pecche are stated to have saved the Priory from being bui-nt by the " Insulares " on the retirement of the king from Cambridge for London. The Priory was founded by an ancestor of theirs. (Tanner's Notitia Monastica.) —
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SOS APPKNRIX TO VOL. II.
Halilvviii Wake's ancestor was active in maintaining the Isle of Ely against the Concjncror. l^ahlwin obtained j)ar(lon, and restitution of liis lands, on paying three years' value to tiiose to whom they had been given. — Pat. 51 Hen. III. 3 m. 2G, apud Dmjdale, vol. i. p. 540.
I'age 5f)7, note (•'5).] — This council met " in Quindcna Paselur, (jua:- ipso anno contigit 0 Id. Apiilis." (T. Wikes.) It was at this coinicil tliat the famous Constitutions ol Othobon were passed, printed in Wilkins's Concilia, tom. ii. p. 1. Some of them tended to abridge the puwer of the bishops, and such strong oppo- sition was made to them, that Otiiobon was forced to adjourn the assembly to the next day : he improved the interim so well by promises or threats, that next day he carried his point. — M. Westm. ad an., T. Wikes, p. S5.
Page 567, note (6).] — These new valuations (iaxationcsjweic evidently much disliked by the clergy. We have already seen how Wikes speaks of the Nortiich valuation in the note on p. 5GG, note (3). It is not improbable that Othobon attem])ted (as Foxe says) to get a still more perfect valuation than that, but found the proceeding so odious that he was obliged to desist; for we have no such valuatiun on record : hut it would appear from the following passage from Wikes, ad annum 1 209, that the king compounded the matter in another way : — " Circa idem tempus Rex Anglorum, eui, sicut prtcdixinms, Dominus Papa dccimam clericorum sid) verum suiun valorem (niiiuis sane, si liceret dicere) diu ante conccsserat, jierpendens quod nee antiqua beneficiormn taxatio, nee W alteri Norwicensis Episcopi taxatio neijuiter innovata, verum valorem posset attingere, pessimis pessimasuperaddcns, Pontificibus, (qui se pro subditorum defensione murum incxpugnabilem exponere debuissent,) annucn- tibus, nee non in modico contradicentibus, tandem extoi-sit, ut pro recompensa- tione veri valoris non percepti per triennium decimam quarti anni singuli reddere cogerentur " (Gale, vol. ii. p. 88) : that is, the king demanded a fourth year's tenths in compensation for the defect of the three previous years' tenths below their true value. The juxtaposition of" quarti " and " tres " may Lave misled Foxe, or his authority, into the statement about "seven " years' tenths, noticed in p. 5G4.
Page 5G7, note (7).] — "Theobaldum archidiaconum Leodienscm, quern vulgus consueto vocabulo vocitabat Tyardrim, quique tunc temporis cvmi domino Edo- ardo peregrinationis causa morabatur." (T. Wikes, p. 96, ad an. 1270.) Foxe calls him an " archdeacon cardinal ;" but he does not appear to have been acardinal. (See Moreri, v. Cardinal.) lie was elected Sept. 1st, a.d. 1271, and consecrated at Rome, March 27th, a.d. 1272. (L'Artde Ver. des Dates.) Foxe omits all mention of the six ensuing popes. Innocent V., Adrian V., John XX. or XXI., Nicholas III., Martin IV., and Honorius IV. : Nicholas III. is introduced at p. 579 by the present editor.
Page 5G8, note (2).] — Foxe in the text says, " Robert Burnell, their chan- cellor :" but he was at this time (a.d. 1270) only canon of \\ ells, archdeacon of York, and the prince's chaplain : he was made chancellor Sept. 21st, ad. 1274, and bishop of Bath and Wells January 127.'>, and consecrated by the archbishop at Merton April 7th following. (Richardson's Godwin " De Prce- sidibus.") Another unsuccessful attempt was made by the prince, when Edward I., to obtain for him the primacy in a.d. 1278. (See p. 579.)
Page 5G9, note (1).] — John, of Darlington in the diocese of Durham, was a Dominican, of great learning and probitj'. He was made private confessor to Henry III. He was made pope's collector in England " Gregorii X. anno 3," i.e. A.D. 1271 or 1272; and continued such imder John XXI., Nicholas III., and Martin IV. He was consecrated archbishop of Dublin on the Sunday after Bartholomew, a. d. 1279, and died suddenly at London, 5 Cal. Ap. a.d. 1284. His concordance was called Magna and Anglicana. — Bale, Fuller's Worthies, Tarmer's Biblioth.
Page 571, line 28. " Then the Chi^isiians," &c.] — Hemingford's words are (p. 590) : " Animati itaquc Christiani tertio exierunt circa fcstum Beat! Petri ad vincula, usque ad Sanctum Georgium, et peremptis qiiibusdam, cum non invenirent qui resisterent, reversi sunt cum gaudio in locum siuun."
Page 571, line 10 from the bottom.] — This messenger is conunonly supposed to have been one of the Assassini, of whom some account has been given in the note on p. 4G7.
APPKNDIX TO VOL. II. 899
Page 573, line 25. " Through Palestrina and i1/e/7rte.9."]— Tliesc appear barbarous words. Gale's edition of Hemingford reads /'rt/^'AVi/K//;; ft Mcchiiws, and gives in the note a various reading Platiam and Mcssinam ; but this is not satisfactory.
Page 575, line 10.] — Thomas /hjuinun " was born at Ac^uino, in Italy, 1224. Tlie number of liis works is prodigious, amounting to seventeen volumes folio, tliough he died at the early age of fifty. He is styled ' 77?e Angelical Doctor;' and his authority among the schoolmen was almost decisive in theology. Like our own Hooker he was little less eminent for his self-denying liumility than for his wide erudition and deep reasoning ])ovvers. It is said that when pope Clement IV. showed him a vast heap of wealth, observing, 'You see the church cannot now sa}'. Silver and gold have 1 none;' ' True,' replied the great schoolman, 'neither can she now say to tlic sick, Take up thy bed and walk.' Though, like other fallible men, and especially voluminous writers, he is sometimes found in error, yet Protestant divines and scliolars have done justice to the vast attainments of this wonderful man. Dean Phil- potts says, ' I do not afi'ect to be deeply versed in his writings ; but I have read enough of them to bear testiir.ony to the uncommon vigour and astonishing acuteness of his mind.' (Letters to Charles Butler, Esc^.) And Mr, Southey speaks of him as ' a n-an whose extraordinary powers of mind few persons are competent to appreciate.' (Vindicis Ecc. Ang.) As calculated in an especial manner to stamp the character of the man, and as a hint to those who forget that Bene orclsse est bene studuisse, it may not be improper to insert here — ■
" The prayer of Thomas Aquinas before commencing study : — ' Ineffably wise and merciful Creator ! illustrious Source of all things ! true Fountain of light and wisdom ! Vouchsafe to infuse into my understanding some ray of thy brightness ; thereby removing that twofold darkness under which I was born, the darkness of sin and ignorance. Thou, that makest the tongues of infants eloquent, instruct, I pray thee, my tongue likewise : and pour upon my lips the grace of thy benediction. Give me quickness to comprehend, and memory to retain : give me a facility in expounding, an aptitude in learning, and a copious eloquence in speaking. Prepare my entrance into knowledge : direct me in my pursuits, and render t'le issue of them complete : through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.' " — AUport's Davenant, vol. i. p. 33, note.
Jacobus de Vorag'ine, " rectiiis de Virucjine urbe maritima Ligurum." He was archbishop of Genoa : he was the first to translate the Bible into Italian, about A.D. 1270. He wrote a book called Legenda Aurca, being a collection of Lives of the Saints, full of fables, which Ludovicus Vives and Melchior Canus, bishop of the Canaries, called Legenda ferrea. He wrote also Chronicon Genuense. He died A.n. 1294. — Hoffman, Moreri, and Cave.
rincenilus of Beauvais, a Burgundian, of the Preaching Friars, flourished A.D. 1244. He was author of the famous "Speculum Quadruplex" (Historicum, Naturale, Morale, Doctrinale). — Cave.
By the Cardinal of Ostia is meant Henry de Segusa or Susa, who was, first of all, made bishop of Sisteron, and then archbishop of Embrun a.d. 1250, and cardinal-bishop of Ostia, a.d. 1262 : he wrote on the Decretals. He was denominated " Foii.^ e.t Splendor Juris." — Cave.
Albertus, styled Magnus, "a German, of the Dominican order, and a follower of Peter Lombard; ' a man,' says Mosheim, ' of vast abilities, and an uni- versal dictator in his time.' His celebrity, however, is so clouded with the legendary tales related of his acquirements and performances in occult philosophy, that it is impossible to say what portion of it is duly merited; and of the twenty-one folio volumes attributed to him, it has since been ascertained that many pieces which arc there inserted were not composed by him. Still, the distinction he obtained for his extensive acquaintance with the subtle philo- sophy and ulscure ilicology of the times was so great, that in 1248 he was called to Rome by Pope Alexander IV., and appointed ' Master of the Sacred Palace.' (See the next paragraph.) In 12G0, he was elected bishop of Ratis- bon; but, finding his episcopal duties inconsistent with his love of retirement and study, he resigned his bishopric, and returned to Cologne, to enjoy the leisure of monastic life. He was, however, drawn from his retirement by Pope Gregory X., who sent him into Germany and Bohemia to preach the Crusade. He afterwards attended the council of Lyons, and then returned to Cologne,
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fXK) APPKN'niX TO vol,. II.
where lie rpiiiainctl until liis dontli in 12S0," — .lUport's Davenant, vol. i. p. 148, note.
Diirandits, "one of the most iearncil lawyers of liis time, wlio flomished in tlie thirteenth centnry. He was a ])upil of the celebrated Henry de Susa or Se"usa, after quiltinj; whom, and takings his doctor's degree, he taught canon- law at l>oloi:na and Modena, and j)iil)lished a famous work, entitled ' Specu- lum Juris,' which gained him the surname of * Speculator.' Being introduced by his former tutor, now cardinal-bishop of Ostin, at the court of Rome, he was employed by Clement IV. and four succeeding pontiffs in important and honourable charges. Among other jjosts of disinction assigned him, he was made ' Master of the Sacred Palace.' The person holding this ofHce was ' a kind of domestic chaplain or preacher of the pope.' A part of his jurisdiction in this capacity ' referred to the printing of books, and the power of prohibiting them.' Of this office Mr. IMendham has given a full and interesting account in his valuable work on the ' Literary Policy of the C hurch of l\ome' (ch. i. pp. 11 — lo). In the progress of his preferments and honours, Durandus was created bishop of Mende, and employed as Gregory's legate at tlie council of Lyons. Heing recalled to Rome, he was afterwards created marijuis of An- cona, and then count of Romagna, which provinces he governed during the tumults of the Guelph and Ghibelline factions. The ' Rationale Divinorum Otliciorum ' is the best known of his works, and has been the most frequently reprinted. It is a detailed view of the rites and worship of the Roman church, and contains a competent portion of fable. He died at Rome in 1290." — Allport's Davenant, vol. i. p. 38, note.
Page 575, line 24.] — The Tartar invasion is mentioned supra, at p. 191.
Page 576, line 3.]— See p. 491.
Page 576, line 13 from the bottom. " The fourth day of March."] — Godwin says "4 Cal. Martis," i.e. Feb. 26th.
Page 576, line 7 from the bottom.] — Fo.xe erroneously makes Henry III. die "a. D. 1273, in the fifty-seventh year of bis reign." (See Nicolas's Tables.)
Page 577, line 6.]— Edward I. landed at Dover, August 2d, a.d. 1274, ami was crowned at Westminster, on Sunday, August 19th. — Nicolas's Chronoloyy of History.
Page 578, line 16 from the bottom. " The halfpenny and farthing," &c.] — See the note on p. 690, note (4).
Page 579, line 12.] — Edward I., when Prince of Wales, had made a previous attempt to obtain the primacy for this Robert Rurnell, then his domestic chaplain. (See the note on p. 568, note (2).) This fresh attempt was made on the abdication of Kilwardby, early in 1278. " Electi [R. Burnell] cdusam Rex Nicolao papa^ impense commendavit Uteris datis 10 Julii 1278 (Rymerj, aliisque ad Robertum dignitatem oblatam dctrectantem 11 Aug. 1278 scriptis ipsum enixe rogat, ut eloctioni de se factic consentiat. Paruit lloberlus, missisque ad Curiam Romanam nunciis electionem confirmari petiit. Incassimi autem." (Wharton, Anglia Sacra tom. i. p. 567, woied.) Foxe, in consequence of his having misplaced this portion of his narrative after tlie account of Boni- face VIII., was misled into the notion that this affair hap])ened under " Pope Boniface VIII." — or vice versa: this portion (as already intimated at the foot of p. 578) has been transposed, and " Nicholas III." substituted for " Boniface VIII." Nicholas III. was pope Dec. 26th a.d. 1277— August 22d a.d. 1280.
Page 580, line 15.] — The parliament of Bury was held "in Crastino Ani- marum Omnium, 24 Ed. 1. ;" i. e. Nov. 3, a.d. 1296.
Page 580, line 21. "In crastino Sti. //i/rtni."]— (Nicholas Trivet, and Knighton.) Foxe says, "the next Hilary term."
Page 581, line 19.]— Edward embarked at Winchelsea, August 22d, a.d. 1297.
Page 582, line 16.]- This is called, in the Public Acts, "Colloquium et Trac- talus." Another meeting was summoned for Oct. 6th, to finish the matter. The " Magna Charta " and " Charta de Foresta " referred to as binding on the
Al'l'KNDIX TO VOL. If.
kings of Eii^luiul, are those passed 9 lieu. 111. a.d. 1224. (Sec supra, p. 37(3.) The king iiiniself ratified these proceedings at Yorlc on Whitsunday, May25tl), a.d. 1298.
Page ■'5 S3, line 15 from the boltoni.] — For " William I." Foxe, by a shp, reads "David;" and for "this John Baliol " four lines lower he reads " Edward."
Page 584, line G from the bottom. " fVho ii/irnetliale/i/ seiideth dotvii liis precept to the king."'] — Foxe here follows Walsingham. This communication from the pope ])urports, according to the course of Foxe's narrative, to have been made a.d. 1299, or 27 Ed. I. It does not a})pear, however, from the other historians, that any such communication passed that ye pope (at Baliol's procurement) endeavoured to mediate, and ])ersuaded Edward to surrender Joiin Baliol into the hands of his legate witli a view to some award, but with the express proviso on Edward's part (dated Canterbury, June 14th, 27th year of his reign), that the sovereignty of Scotland belonged to him of right, and that John Baliol had acted against his allegiance : this was read over before the legate, John Baliol, and the king's proctor, and assented to, at Witsand, July 18th, when Baliol was surrendered. This renders it the more extraordinary, that when Edward in the following year (28 Ed. I.) again went into Scotland to quell a fresh rebellion, he was met at the abbey of Dusques, in Galloway, by Archbishop Winchelsey, bearing a papal bull from Boniface, claiming the sovereignty of Scotland for the Pope, and desiring him to give over vexing them : this was delivered to the king August 26th, A.D. loOO, and is what Walsingham calls the pope's " secundarite liters." It is very remarkable, however, that this bull is dated the previous year, " 5 Cal. Julii, quinto pontificatxis," i. e. June 27th, a.d. 1299, the very time when EdivanVs claim was being admitted by the pope, with a view to obtaining the surrender of Baliol ; which gives us a painful view of papal duplicity, of which, however, this volume has already afforded instances. We may add, that the date of this bull may have misled Walsingham into the belief of a papal " pre- cept " having been sent in the year 1299, the only foundation for which seems to be the " secundariae literas " having been «'?-««e?i in 1299, though not delivered till A.D. 1300.
Page 588, line 18 from tlie bottom. " Robert Bruce, yrandsou of Robert Bruce above mentioned."] — Foxe says " Robert Bruce above mentioned," which Henry, in his History of England, proves to be wrong.
Page 588, line 6 from the bottom.] — Robert Bruce slew Cumming in the cloisters of the Grey Friars at Dumfries, Feb. 2d, a.d. 1306, and was crowned at Scone Abbey Lady-day following. Clement V. was crowned pope Nov. 14ih, a.d. 1305. — L'Art de J'er. des Dates.
Page 589, line 16.] — See the note in this Appendix on p. 5G7.
Page 590, note (1).] — The large type in the ensuing narrative of the dispute between Piiilip le Bel and Boniface VIII. is a translation from Trivet and Wal- singham, somewhat modified in the present edition, in order to render the narrative more accurate. Whence Foxe obtained the documents a])pear : the originals are printed in Prynne's History of John, Henry III., and Edward 1.; also in Pierre de Pithou, " Prennes des Libertez de I'Eglise Gallicane ;" as well as in Dupuy's " Histoire du Diffierend."
The affair of the bishop of Pamiers, which Foxe properly mentions as the origin of the dispute, began as far back as a. d. 1295. The monastery of St. Anthony at Pamiers was a peculiar, and had a jurisdiction over the town and suburbs of Pamiers. Clement IV. entrusted this to the protection of Louis, the grandfather of Philip le Bel, "for the honour of the Roman Church." How- ever, Roger, earl of Foix, in a. d. 1295, attempted to bring the abbot and monastery of Pamiers under his jurisdiction, not without the ap|)robation of Philip; whicli produced remonstrances and threats from Boniface VIII. Boni- face proceeded to erect the abbey into a bishopric against the king's declared wishes, and appointed Bernard Saizetti, the abbot, to be the first bishop of Pamiers ; who rewarded his patron by the most treasonable measures against his lawful sovereign. This led to his being summoned before a parliament at Scnlis, where he was put under arrest, and eonnnitted to the custody of Giles,
901
902 APPENDIX TO VOL. II.
arclibishop of Si'nlis, aiul a process conimoiiccd nt;.'iiiist him llio Wednesday after Trinity, i.e. May "J 1th, 1301; which produced an immediate rupture between Boniface and Philip. (Dupuy.) This therefore was the origin of tlie qu.irrel, viz. " Bonifacius Apamcam jussit civitatem fieri, abbate S. Antoniiii prime episcopo constituto" (p. 151 of" Bonifacius VIII. e familia Cajetanorum principuiu Rom. Pontifex, Joh. Ilabei opus, Roma?, 1651)".
Page 590, note (3)-] — Stephen Aufrere, mentioned in this note, was an eminent lawyer, and president of the parliament of Toulouse. The short para- graph in the text — "Boniface, bishop and servant," &'c. is called in history " //rt Petite liiil/e," and is lliought by some too concise to have been Boniface's, and that it is rather an abstract of the bull " AttscitUa Fi/i." That bull, however, is dated "quarto Nonas Decembris, pontificatiis nostri anno sexto [a.d. 1301]."
Page 591, lino 6 from the bottom.] — "The archdeacon of Narbonne " was Jacques dcs Normans, who, in February 1302, jiresented to Philip a letter from Boniface, requiring the release of the abbot of Pamiers and declaring that lie liad ipso facto incurred the church's censure ; also the petite biille, and the bull " Ausculta fili," citing the French bishops to a council to be held at Rome Kal. Nov. 1302.
Page 591, note (1).] — The greater part of the foregoing paragraph in the text, viz. from "Moreover to provide" to the words " leave the realm," is added to Foxe's text on the authority of the ensuing letter of the bishops. This addition is absolutely necessary to connect the narrative, and is too important to be lost; for it is supposed that this was the first parliament to which the " Tiers Etat " was summoned. The Writ of Summons is not extant, but that the Commons were summoned is positively stated by the bishops in the ensuing letter.
Page 591, note (2).] — The ensuing letter of the French bishops to Boniface