book 3, § 8, observes, that Aventine declares " Hildcbrand" to mean " titio

an)oris,"or ihe brand of love ; but thatChcninitius named him "Titio infernalis," ov " Ikll-brand."
APPKKDIX TO VOL. H. 827
Page 120, note (3).] — It is of conseciuence to observe, that the substance of the foregoing account from Lambert will be found also in the " German Chronicle of Iluldricus Mutius," lib. xv. (torn. ii. p. 119, of I'istorius's collection of " Ger- manici Scriptores ") ; for Foxe (or rather Illyricus) afterwards refers to this contest at Mentz as recorded by Mutius, not Lambert. (Sec page 133, note (1).) Mutius says of this Council of Mentz, that it was attended not only by the clergy of the diocese of Mentz, but by — " alii ecclesiastici prielati, inter ([uos ei'at Curiensis episcopus, qui lingua; facimdia vir potens erat : veniebant autem ut caverent schisma ecclesia;, quod providebant I'uturum ex sacerdotum Moguntina? ecclesia) contentione cum Romano pontifice. Aderat etiani apo- stolicus ex Roma legatus cum bullis pontiticiis, quce continebant horrendas niinas," &c. Lambert above represents the bishop of Coire himself as the pope's legate at the council.
Page 121, line 32. ^^ John, tlie master of the singing school."^ — " Primicerius scholiB cantorum " is Benno's expression. Ducange observes that this officer is sometimes improperly confounded with the " Prajcentor." This officer is again mentioned at page 125, line 3.
Page 121, note (2).] — Foxe's text has, "And it followeth, moreover, in the Epistle of the said Benno to the cardinals." But the passage just before cited is, in fact, the conclusion of the epistle. This and the ensuing epistle are printed in the " Fasciculus rerum expetendarum et fugiendarum" of Orthuinus Gratius, and in lilyricus's " Catalogus Testium ;" whence Foxe's translations have been revised and corrected.
Page 122, note (1). '^Propter ecclesiasticum testimo7iium et propter stiliim veritafis," are Benno's words. No constitution exactly of the nature described has been discovered ; but the reader may refer for more information to the note in the Appendix on vol. i. p. 193.
Page 122, note (2).] — See the excommunications at pp. 127, 131.
Page 124, note (2).] — Lambert says that Henry went " nudis pedibus et laneis ad carnem indutus :" Benno himself says here " laneis vestibus," which Foxe probably mistook for " iineis vestibus," for he says " thin garments." The penance thus enjoined on Henry by Hildebrand is the same as that which in old English is termed " to go woolward." See this expression infra, vol. v. p. G54 (bis). Nares, in his Glossary, v. Woolward, quotes this Latin definition of it, " Nudis pedibus et absque linteis vestibus circumire." This penance was enjoined on our Henry IL by pope Alexander II L after the murder of Bccket, and on the murderers themselves : see the notes on pp. 253, 254.
Page 125, line 8. " Pedissequus ejus Turbanus."— iJewwo.
Page 126, line 6. " Herman, bishop of Bamberg."^ — Nauclerus in his his- tory of these transactions calls Herman bishop of Bremen, and afterward speaks of Robert, bishop of Bamberg. But Foxe is supported by the contemporary writer " De unitate Ecclesias conservanda." (See the note on p. 155, line 8.)
Page 126, line 29. Nauclerus says that some both of the Saxon and German bishops resisted the decree in the council, especially those of Wurtzburg and Mentz.
Page 127, line 1.] — For " accuseth," which is the reading in all the editions, we should read " accurseth."
Pao-e 127, note (3). J — This use of the term "commencement" is retained in the phrase — "the Cambridge commencement."
Pao-e 127, note (4).] — Lambert says that the "Teutonici principes," who met at Oppenheim, September 15th, a d. 1076, resolved to request the pope to meet them and Henry at "Augusta," on the feast of the Purification [Fe- bruary 2d] next ensuing, and that the pope set out thither. Some authors, and among them Platina, interpret "Augusta" of Augsburg in Germany; whom Foxe here follows. Nauclerus, however, calls it "Augusta Pretoria," i.e. Aosta in Piedmont; and he says that Hildebrand "Augustam Pra'toriam venire statuens, venit cum cardinalibus Vcrcellas." See L'Art de V'orifier des Dates, where this sense of " Augusta" is adopted. See also the note on p. 144, line 28.
828 APPENDIX TO VOL. II.
P.apc 128, line 21. " Adelaide, countess of Savoy."] — Foxe reads '• Adelaiis, carl of Savoy," for wliich he has the authority of Platina and Nauclcrus. It appears, however, from the list of Earls of Savoy in L'Art de Verifier des liatcs, that there never was a count or earl of Savoy of that name ; but Ame- dens I., count of Savoy, appears to have died about a.d. 1072, leaving behind him a widow, Adelaide, who would be dowager countess of Savoy ; she afterwards married a second time to Rodolpb the Anti-Caesar. It is most probable, therefore, that for "Adelaus" we should here read " Adelais :" indeed, the following passage from Avcntinc, relative to this matter, puts it beyond a doubt : —
"Grcgorius adhibita Machtylda et Adelhaide, priniariis Italia; fceminis, Casarem cpulo pontificio veluti pignoribus redintegratne amicitise excipit."
Lambert mentions, as the parties concerned, " Matildam, socrumque suam, et marchionem Azoneni, et Cluniacensem Abbatem."
Page 129, line 21. " All man, bishop of Passau."'\ — Foxe reads " Altiman bishop of Padua." This mistake migiit easily be made, as " Pataviensis " would stand for either se6. Moreri has made the same mistake. It appears, however, from the lists of bishops of the two sees given in the " Biblioth^que Sacrce " of Kichard and Giraud (Paris, 1824), that S. Altman was bishop of Passau, A.D. 10C9 — 1091, and tliat there never was a bishop of that name at Padua.
Page 129, line 24. " 2'his being done," &c.] — This account is supported by Aventine ; but others represent the crown as being sent on occasion of the second excommunication ; see bottom of the next page.
Page 130, line 23.] — Aventine dates this second battle " 7 Id. Augusti, 3 die septimanae, 1078;" i.e. Tuesday, August 7th, a.d. 1078, which would be correct by Nicolas's Tables ; the abbot of Ursperg says it was fought at Stronui.
Page 130, note (1.)] — The passage in the text between square brackets is introduced on the authority of the best historians, and is necessary to make Foxe consistent with himself; for, having mentioned the first and second battles between Henry and Rodolph in this page, the next which he mentions is the decisive engagement at Merseburg (p. 133) which issued in the death of Rodolph, and which Foxe in the margin calls "the fourth battle." He has Avcntinc's authority for this: — "Quarto Idus Octobris ducum copia> in Mysnia juxta KUestram amnem aperto marte quarto confligunt." Aventine, however, mentions a tliird battle, as well as Platina. A contemporary writer, supposed to be Waltram, bishop of Naumburg (see the note on page 15.5, line 8), in the " De oonservanda Ecclesiae unitate," lib. ii. cap. 16 (Freheri " Germ. Script." Argent. 1717, toni. ii. p. 284), thus briefly enumerates the four principal battles: 1. In 'I'lmringia, .5 Id. Jim. 1075. 2. In Orientali Francia, 7 August, 1078. 3. In Thuringia, G Id. Feb. 1080. 4. 4 Id. Aug. 1080. This account is followed by the Benedictine authors of L'Art de Verifier des Dates.
Page 132, line 28. '• The emperor on his part," &c.] — Foxe most unac- countably makes this council of Brixen to follow the battle of Merseburg ; whereas the date of the Sentence, and the date of the battle in Aventine and all the other historians, show that it must be otherwise (see the last note) : a portion of the text, therefore, which precedes this paragraph irr Foxe, has been trans- posed to the next page : see the next note.
Page 133, line 15. "After and upon this," SccI — The whole passage, from these words to " could find no favour with liim," (line 34) — would, according to Foxc's arrangement, stand at p. 132, after the paragraph ending "with full authority." The reason for this transposition has been ali'eady given in the last
note.
19.] — Aventine says this battle was fought on the banks of Merseburg, which is near Leipsic. Foxe says " at Ilyperbolis,"
Page 133, line 19.]—;
the Elster, near Mersebu ^, ^ ^_ ^^ ,
mvnu'iu^ I/erbipolis, or Wurtzburg, near which the first of the four battles was fought, but not the fourth.
Page 133, line 14 from the bottom.] — Foxe says that Henry "besieged the city all Lent, and after Easter got it." This is too elliptical a mode of speaking : Aventine and Urspcigensis say, that Henry sat down before Rome " Vigilia Peiitecostes, loyl," and after two years (" bicnnium") soon after Easter a.d. 1 083
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 829
took it, Friday June 2d, just before Trinity Sunday ; wliich concurrents fit, by Nicolas's Tables. A cluuige lias, tbereforo, been made in the text ; wliicli also makes it lit better chronologically with what follows.
Page 133, note (1).] — This remark of Foxe's (or rather lllyricus's) stood as a parenthesis in the body of the Sentence, but is better placed at the foot of the page. For explanation of the remark itself, see the note in this Appendix on page 120, note (3).
Page 134, line 2. " To Sienna."^ — Foxc says "Senas," leaving it untrans- lated. See the note in this Appendix on p. 98, line 5.
Page 134, line 6. " Carried him away to Campagna."~\ — Urspergen sis says he retired to Salerno, and there remained till his death. May 25th, a.d. 1085.
Page 134, line 14 from the bottom. " Or 7iot long afler."^ — About two years and five months intervened ; Hildebrand died May 25th, a d. 1085, William, September 9lh, a.d. 1087. — L'Jrt de Ver. des Dates.
Page 134, last line but one.] — Mantes is a town in the Isle of France, twelve miles from the Norman boundary. Foxe, misled by Fabian, says " Meaux."
Page 135, line 8 from the bottom.] — Foxe here makes the extraordinary statement that William built a monastery " named Barmoundsey, in his country of Normandy." He evidently had before him the following passage of Fabian's Chronicle, cap. 222 : " He buildcd twoo abbaies in Englande, one at Battaile, in Sussex, where he wanne the fielde against Harold, and is at this daye called the Abbay of Battaile ; and an other he set beside London, upon the south side of Thamis, and named it Barmondesay ; and in Normandie he builded ii. also." Grafton copies this, only varying the last clause thus: — " And he builded also one in Cane, in Normandie, where he was buried, and dedicated the same unto Saint Steven." It is a mii the king as the founder of Bermondsey ; for it originated in an endowment by Aylwin Child, about a.d. 1082 ; William Rufus afterwards aided it by adding to it the manor of Bermondsey and other revenues. — Tampers Notitia Monas- tica. HoUinshed correctly mentions Selby in Yorkshire, as the other English abbey founded by the Conqueror, about a.d. 1069. — Tanner.
Page 138, line 9 from the bottom. *' Etilofjium."'] — See the note on na note(l.)
Page 141, third line from the bottom.] — Foxe erroneously calls Bruno "bishop of Cologne," confounding him with another Bruno, who was a bishop : see page 9G, line 16 from the bottom.
Page 142, line 1.] — The true Clement III., acknowledged as such by the Romish Church, was not made pope till a.d. 1187, nearly a century later: see pp. 273, 294.
142, note (1).] — Foxe has derived the whole of the paragraph in the text from Fabian, who miscalls Rievale " Merivale." Tanner in his Notitia Monastica says, that Walter Espec founded the first Cistercian abbey in England at River (near Helmsley, in Yorkshire), olim Rievall, or Rivaulx, quasi the valley through which the Rie flows. (See Gentleman's Magazine for 1754, p. 426.) It is called the abbey of Rivaulx hifra, vol. v. p. 148.
Page 142, note (3).] — Adhemar, bishop of Le Puy, was the chief leader of this crusade : he acted as the representative of pope Urban, who excused his per- sonal service. (Fleury, Eccl. Hist.) Moreri says that it is not correct, though common, to call Bohemund duke of Apulia ; for though his father, Robert Guiscard, was duke of Apulia, the son was only prince of Tarentum. Fabian, and after him Foxe, uses the term " Puell ;" " Pouille" is the French for " Apulia." Raymund was earl of Toulouse : his original title was that here given, which is corrupted by Anna Comnena into Sangcles. — Moreri.
Page 143, line 7.] — For "Liege" Foxe has (from Fabian) " Eburone," '* Eburonum Urbs " being a name for Liege. Godfrey — son of Eustace II. count of Boulogne, and Ida countess of Bouillon — with his mother's consent sold his estate of Bouillon to Otbert, bishop of Liege, for, some say 7000 marks of silver, others say only 1300 or 1500. — L'Art de Verif. des Dates, and Gallia Christiana.
H'M Ari'KNoix TO VOL. ir.
Pngc M.'5, liiip 11. " Ciri/fi."] — " Cybolus. wliich our writers call Ciritol." was a village near Nice, in IJithynia. (Sec Nalson's Crusades, hook i. p. 22.)
Page 1 I.T, line 21. Phirouz, called Pj'rrhus by Foxe after tlic Latin writers, was a Christian at Antioch of noble birth, who had turned Turk.
Page 143, line 2C.] — Kcrboga, called by M. Pai-is Corboran, was prince of Mosul on the Tigris, and coniniander-in-chief to the Persian monarch.
Page 144, line 15.] — The words, "stand sponsors in baptism to the same child," are introduced instead of Foxe's "christen one child." The following is the decree of Urban II. on the authority of which this change has been made; it is the last but one of those cited in note (4) : — Causa xxx. qun?st. 4, ca]). (>. " Quod autem uxor cum marito in baptisniate simul non dcbeat suscipere puerum, nulla auctoritate reperitur prohibitum. Sed ut puritas spiri- tualis paternitatis ab omni labe et infamia conservetur immunis, dignum esse deccrnimus ut utrique insimul ad hoc aspirare minimi; priesumant."
Page 144, line 28. " 2'hisAiiselm was an Italian, born in the citij of Aosta,"~\ — The place of Anselm's nativity is called by Foxe " Augusta," which means Aoust or Aosta, in Piedmont. (Sec the note on page 127, note (4).) Foxe's subsequent account of Anselm is derived from INIalmcsbury and Eadmcr : the latter was the secretary of Anselm, and companion of his exile. The title of Eadmer's work is : — " Eadmeri Monachi Cantuariensis Historiae Novonuu sive sui sa'culi Libri vi. Res gestas (quibus ipse non modo spectator diligens sed comes etiani et actor plennnque interfuit) sub Guliehuo I. and II. et Henrico I. Regibns, ab anno nempe salutis lOGG ad 1122, potissimum complexi. Edidit Seldenus, Lond. 1623."
Page 144, note (5).] — Milner, in his Church History, thus defends Anselm's saying in the text: " Eadmer says, that he used to say, 'If he saw hell open, and sin before him, he would leap into the former to avoid the latter.' I am sorry to see this sentiment, which, stripped of figure, means no more than what all good men allow, that he feared sin more than punishment, aspersed by so good a divine as Foxe the martyrologist. But Anselm was a papist, and the best protestants have not been without their prejudices."
Page 144, note (0).] — Malmesbury's words are : — " Peculiaritatis vitium cum in se voluntate, turn in aliis pnedicatione, extirpabat ; id esse solum dicti- tans, quod Diabolum c ccelo hominem e paradiso eliminaverat, quod ij)si, Dei transfuga; pra?cepti, voluntati indulsissent propria?. Itaque proj^rio mentis arbitrio indulgentiam auferens," &c.
Page 145, line 2G. " /^ was to he refenxd," &c.] — "DitTercndum id ad frequentiorem conventum respondit." — Malmesh. The council to which it was referred was that of Rockingham, held Sunday 5 Id. Mart. i.e. 11th of March, A.D. 109-5. (L'Art de Vcr.)
Page 147, line 1.] — The king returned home June 10th, a.d. 1095. — Simeon Dunelm., Flor. Wigorn., and Malmcsb.
Page 147, line 22 from the bottom.] — " Quod dicis me non debere ire Roniani, quod gravi peccato caream et scientia afHuam," &c. — Malmeshurij. Also at the end of the same document — " Deus forsitan procurabit ut non sic res ecclesiastica;, ut minaris, tuis faniulentur compendiis." — Malviesbury.
Page 148, line 1. *' TJtere was not .'"] — " Papae," is Malmesbury's word.
Page 148, line 10.] — Anselm left London " fcria quinta. Id. Oct." i.e Thursday, October 15th, a.d. 1097, and arrived at Clugny three days before Christmas. — Eadmer, pp. 41, 42.
Page 148, line 24. " William JVarlwast."] — " Electus Exoniensis."-— A/almesburi/.
Page MS, line 28. "From tlicnce came," &-c.] — Eadmcr says that Anselm left Lyons " feria tertia ante Dominicani diem Palmarum," i.e. Tuesday before Palm Sunday (March HJth, a.d. 109S, by Nicolas's Tables).
Page 149, line 32.] — For the proceedings of the council of Bari, see Labbe, Concil. tom. x col. Gl 1.
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 831
Page 150, lino 8 from the bottom. '■'■ AUerfing for llicm the fifth canou."'\ — The 5th of tlio Ai)ostolic Canons is perhaps alhuh-d (o ; it stands tlnis in l.ahbe. Cone. Gen. tom. i. col. 25 : — 'ETrt'trKOTros /; 7rpeo"/3vrepo? ?; ^mkovo^ rrjv tavrov yvvuiKa ij,f] iKJSakXirco 7rpo(^a(ret ttjs evXu^ei'aj. 'Eav fie eK/3a'XX?7, a(j)opi^f'a-6oy iiTHiivcav 8i, KuOaipeiaBo). Episcopus, vel presbyter, vel diaconus, uxoreni snam ne ejiciat rcligionis prastextu : sin autem ejecerit, segregetur; et si pcr- severet, deponatur.
Page 151, note (2).] — Foxe here and in the next page calls Waltram " bishop of Nm-enbmg." Dodechiniis calls him "Episcopus Numbergensis ;" Baro- nius "HmTenbnrgciisis," to which he puts a marginal conjecture " Nurea- burgensis," which conjecture Dodechinus himself adopts elsewhere. (See the note on page 155, line 8.)
Page 153, lines 5 and 10. "Revested."^ — " Revestio " is Malmesbury's word. The following interview between the pope and the kind's messenger took place at Christmas, a.d. 1098. — Eadmer, p. 52, Malmcshunj.
Page 153, lines 22 and 32. " The next council," &c.] — This was held April 25th, a.d. 1099 (L'Art de Ver. des Dates), which was Monday in the third week after Easter that year. (See Nicolas's Tables.) Urban died July 29th following.
Page 155, line 8. " Waltram, bishop of the church of Naumhurg."'\ — From theChronicon Citizense of Paulus Langius it appears, that Waltram was bishop of this see for twenty-one years, having been appointed a.d. 1089. Naumburg is a city of Thuringia, in Upper Saxony, whither the episcopal see was removed from Zeitz, a.d. 102G (Fabricii Lux. Ev. Exoriens) ; hence the bishop is intituled Citizensis, or Naumburgensis. Waltram has been variously intituled by different authors, Megburgensis, Nurenburgensis, Magdeburgensis, Hurren- burgensis. Foxe here (following Dodechinus 's Appendix to Marianus Scotus) calls him bishop of JNIegburgh ; but at pp. 151, 152, bishop of Nurenburgh. See the observations of Struvius on his true title in the first volume of his Collection of German Historians. There is a treatise extant " De Unitate Ecclesiie con- servanda " (printed in vol. ii. of " Freheri Script. Germ." with a preface), which is generally ascribed to this Waltram ; it was certainly written by some contemporary, and with the same object as this letter to Louis, viz. to recal the Germans to a sense of their duty to the emperor; and it throws much light on the emperor's history. Foxe's translation of Waltram's Letter to Louis has been collated with the Latin in Dodechinus and Freherus, and corrected.
Page 155, line 7 from the bottom, " Rodolph, Hddebrand, Egbert."~\ — See pp. 133, 134. Egbert was son of a Saxon marquis, who was patruelis to Henry, the present emperor ; the father contrived, with other nobles, to get young Henry when only six years old, Christmas a.d. 105G, under his tutorship. The son was very uncertain in his allegiance. (" De Unitate conserv." lib. ii. cap. 33.) He was defeated at a battle in Thuringia, Sunday, Christmas eve, a.d. 1088, and died soon after by being crushed in a mill a.d. 1090. (Ibid. cap. 33 — 30.) — Freheri " Rerurn Germanicarum Scriptores,'" tom.ii. p. 304 — 309.
Page 156. "The railing ansiver of Earl Louis," &cc,'] — Louis, surnamed Debonnaire, was landgrave of Thuringia from a. d. 1168 to a. d. 1190 or 1197. (L'Art de Ver. des Dates.) Dodechinus states, that the following reply to Waltram's letter was written at the prince's desire by Stephen Herrand, bishop of Halberstadt, in Saxon3\ Foxe's translation has been revised from the Latin in Dodechinus and Freherus.
Page 156, note (1).] — The passage in the text cited from St. Augustine is in his " Sermo 72, in Matt, viii." ( Opera Ed. Bened. tom. v. col. 302.) It is quoted more at length by the archbishop of Sens at page 620.
Page 157, line 13 from the bottom.] — Foxe reads " Babemberge" from the original. " Babenberga" is a common variation of " Bamberga."
Page 159, line 11.] — Grafton calls this Welsh king "Rees."
Page 159, line 15.] — " Began his reign " August 5th, on which day he was crowned by Maurice, bishop of London, assisted by Roger, archbishop of York. Becket, however, says " by the bishop of Hereford, as Anselm's deputy. " Post
S.'J2 APPExnix TO vol.. ir.
fUJuR [Rufi] oliitnin, rum S.mcfus Ansclmns Canturicnsis AiTlii-r',])iscf pus cxulanl fx oadcin vnw^'i i\uf\ vt nos, uuus suirraganeorum Canlurioiisis Hc- clcsia; S. Ciirardu3 lliMerorclcusis, vice Arclii-Kpiscopi sui tunc abscntis, lU'goiu Ilcmicuni non contradiccnte Arclii-Episcopo Eboiaceiisi consccravil. lU'vertiiilc auliin ab cxilio IJcaio Auselmo, accessit ad mini Ilex Ilcnricus, tradcns ci Diadeina, et ropaiis ut eum coronaret, nee imputaret illi quod ipsuin necessitate l{e"'iii pr.vpedicnte non exspectaverat. Fatebatur enini coram om- nibus banc esse Cauturiensis Ecdesia? dignitatem, ut Anglorum Riges inungat ct consecret. Et bac quidem satisfactione placatus sanctus Arcbi-Episcopus aj)])robavit, quod a suffraganco suo factum fuerat, et Regi Coronam imposuit." — Ejmtohc 1). Thoimr, lib. v. 15. (See the note on p. 110, line 13.)
Pa^e 159, line 12 from the bottom. " />V ^^'^ consent of Anselm."'\ — Given at the council of Lambeth, where Maud proved that she had not properly entered a religious life. The marriage and coronation were both performed by Ansclm on Sunday, St. Martin's day (Nov. 11th), a. d. 1100.
Paf^e 159, line 2 from bottom.] — Robert landed about the end of July, a. d. 1101, at Portsmouth, and left again about Michaelmas. Henry afterwards defeated him at Tcnerchebray, September 2Sth, a. d. HOG, and taking him prisoner, confined him twenty-eight years in Cardiff Castle, till his death in the year a. d. 1131.
Page IfiO, line 19. " Divers strict laws," &c.] — Some of these were Anselm's synodical constitutions. In fact, this seems only a summary of the chief acts of the parliament and convocation mentioned in the next paragraph, and which were held simultaneously at Westminster, a. d. 1102.
Page IGO, line 33. " In the story of WiUinm linfiis," &c.] — This paragraph and the next two are an anticipation of the subsequent historj, and tend rather to perplex the reader. Ansehn landed at Dover, September 23d, a. d. 1100 (Eadmer, p. 55) ; but the council and convocation presently spoken of were not held till Michaelmas, .\. d. 1102. It was at the said council that the ambassadors reported their contradictory answers from Rome, as related at p. 161; and it was at the said convocation that the canons given at pp. 1G7, 1G8 were passed.
Page IGO, line IG from the bottom. •' Jnd so returned again," &-c.] — Ansefm landed at Dover 9 Cal. Oct. (Sep. 23d.) a.d. 1 100. {Eadmer, p. 55.) The parliament and convocation, however, next mentioned, did not meet till September 28th, a.d. 1102.
Pa^e IGl, line 11. " About the end of the second year of this Icing, which was by computation a. d. 1102, a variance happened between king Henry and Jnselm, the occasion whereof was this."'] — Foxe's account of the "variance" between Anselm and Henry I. is not very clearly arranged. It would have commenced better at the next paragraph — " the king required of Anselm to do him homage," &c. ; which took place immediately on Anselm's i-eturn from his first exile, Sep- tember 23d, A. D. 1100. The ambassadors sent to Rome for the pope's opinion on the subject (as related at the conclusion of the paragraph, p. 1G2) went about the end of a.d. 1 100, and returned Aug. a.d. 1101. (Eadmer.) A second em- bassy to Rome then ensued (pp. IG'i, 1G3), which made its report about Michael- mas A.D. 1102 at the council of Westminster (as stated at p. IGO, line 37). The contradictory nature of the answers only perplexed the matter more (as told at p. 1G4). The king, standing upon the answer brought by " the three bishops," then proceeded forthwith to invest, and archbishop Gerard to consecrate, the bi.shops of Salisbury and Hereford (as mentioned pp. IGO, IGl); upon which Anselm held his convocation, at which he deprived several dignitaries who had taken their investiture from the king (p. 160), and also pa.ssed the constitutions afterward given at pp. 167, IGS. The issue was, that Anselm left England again for his second exile April 29th a.d. 1103 (p. IGl), and reached Rome the following September. (Eadmer, pp. 70, 72, Malmesbury.) The above statement will tend to clear up Foxe's account, and to prevent the reader from being misled by it, as he otherwise might be. Foxe o])ens this paragraph by saying — " About tlie end of the third year of this king, which was by computa- tion a.d. 1101 :" but the third year of Henry I, ranged from August 5lh, a. d. 1102 to August Ith, a. d. 1 103 ; and the foregoing remarks rather show that the
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 833
rupture took place at the council of Westminstei-, September, 1102, i.e. about the end of the second year, or the beginnbtg of the third.
Page 1 61, line 4 from the bottom. " In his council of Rome a little before."'] — This refers to the council held at Kome April 25tli, a. d. 1099, and men- tioned at page 153 (Eadmer's " Historia Novorum," p. T).'?). Eadmer gives tbe words of the decree passed at that council (which are presently cited by Anselm) at p. 59 of his " Historia Novorum."
Page 1G2, line 15.] — These messengers were despatched toward the close of A. 0. 1100, and relumed about August the following year. — Eadmer.
Page 102, line 7 from the bottom. "Two monies, Baldwin of Bee, and Alexander of Canterbury."'] — Foxe merely says " two monks, Baldwin and Alexander;" the rest is added on the authority of Eadmer, p. 62; Baldwin is afterwards miscalled by Foxe " Abbot of Ramsey." (See the notes on p. 164, line 18, and p. 166, line 30.)
Page 162, line 5 from the bottom. " Seiit two bishops."] — Eadmer (p; 62) and Malmesbury both say " tres," including Gerard, archbishop of York. Foxe himself afterwards says " three." (See the note on p. 164, line 11.) It would seem, however, from the tenor of the king's letter in p. 163, that Foxe is strictly correct in 7iot reckoning Gerard as one of the original ambassadors, though he was competent to be afterwards a third witness of what had really taken place at the Papal court. (See p. 164.)
Page 162, last line. "This your promotion.^'] — Pascal II. was elected August 13th, A. D. 1099. (L'Art. de Ver.)
Page 164, line 1.] — The messengers returned with contradictory answers a little before Michaelmas, a. d. 1102 ; and what follows happened at the Parlia- ment of Westminster, mentioned before at p. 160. — Eadmer, p. 65.
Page 164, line 6. " Which, mine author saith, the king did not shew."] — This author is Malmesbury; Eadmer does not mention the point, though it may be inferred from his narrative.
Page 164, line 11. " The testimony of the three bishops."] — Foxe here says " the two bishops," of course referring to the bishops of Lichfield and Norwich, mentioned at p. 162 ; but 12 lines lower he says " the three bishops," and in a marginal note explains that he meant to include Gerard, archbishop of York; but he ought also to have been included in this place; " two," therefore, has been changed into " three."
Page 164, line 18. " Baldwin, the Moni of Bee."] — See the note on p. 162, line 7 from the bottom. Foxe miscalls him " Abbot of Ramsey ;" but the abbot of Ramsey was one Ealdwin, not Baldwin, and, so far from being a friend of Anselm's, was one of those deprived by him at the convocation of West- minster, A. D. 1102, though restored at the council of W'estminster, a.d. 1107. — Eadmer, pp. 67, 92.
Page 164, line 25. " T'hen Anselm seeing," &c.] — The circumstance which convinced him of the king's determination to persist was, his investing the two bishops, as mentioned at pp. 160, 161 (see Eadmer, " Hist. Nov." pp 65, 66).
Page 164, line 20 from the bottom. " Then ivas it agreed," &c.] — This was about Midlent a.d. 1103, according to Eadmer (p. 69).
Page 164, line 15 from the bottom.]— Anselm left England April 29th, a. d. 1 103, quitted the abbey of Bee in August, and reached Rome about September. — Eadmer, pp. 70 — 72.
Page 165, line 29. " Ocertaheth Anselm at Placentia."] — Eadmer says that this happened toward the end of November, a.d. 1103. — Eadmer, p. 74.
Page 165, line 15 from the bottom.] — Anselm remained a year and four months at Lyons, and left it in May a. d. 1105, to visit Adela. — Eadmer, p. 79.
Page 165, last paragraph.] — This letter of Anselm to Henry is given by Eadmer, p. 75.
Page 166, line 24.] — This " reconcilement " took place at L'Aigle, in Nor- mandy, July 22d, A.D. 1105. — Eadmer, p. 80.
Page 166, line 29. " llicn tvere ambassadors," &c.] — Henry did not send VOL. II. 3 II
834 APPENDIX TO VOL. II.
these ambassadors to Rome till the Chiistmas following, being in no hurry, till he hfid gained more ground against his brother in Normandy. — Eaclr/ier, p. 82.
Page 166, line 30. " Baldwin, above named, ihe Monk of Bvc."'\ — Foxe here again miscalls him " Abbot of Ramsey ;" see the note on p. 161, line 18. Eadnier, p. 83, calls him " Baldwinus Monachus." It is observable that the king, in a letter given by Eadmer, p. 82, calls him " Baldwinus dc Tornaio."
Page 166, line 16 from the bottom. " The late council holden at London."'] — i. e. the council at London mentioned at p. 160, and of which the acts are given at pp. 167, 168.
Page 166, line ^t from the bottom. " Tlie messengers being now returned from I{ome.'"\ — The pope's letters, dictating the terms of compromise, are dated March 23d, a.d. UQiJ.— Eadmer, p. 87.
Page 166, last paragraph. " Not long after,'" &c.] — The pope (as the result of this last embassy) sent a brief to Anselm at Bee, dated March 22d a.d. 1106, permitting him to communicate with those whom the king had invested. Illness prevented Anselm from going at once to England, and after that he thought proper to wait for Henry's coming over to Normandy. Henry defeated Robert at Tenerchebray, a castle of William, count of Mortaign, Sept. 28th a.d. 1106.
Page 166, last line. " At the abbey of Bee, he convented and agreed."] — This reconciliation took place " xi. Cal. Aug., the third year of his e,\.ile ;" i.e. July 3Gth, a.d. 1106.— Eadmer, p. 89.
Page 167, line 14.] — Anselm landed at Dover, .\ugust, a.d. 1106. — Eadmer, p. 89.
Page 167, line 23. " In the seventh year of his reign," S:c.] — Fo.xe says, " about the sixth year;" but, owing to the king's absence in Normandy com- pleting his conquest, the council referred to by Foxe did not meet till August 1st, a.d, 1107, the very end of the seventh year of the reign. — Eadmer, p. 91.
Page 167, line 30. " In another council."] — Foxe says " In this council," which is a mistake. The canons affecting the clergy were adopted at the council held at Westminster the following Pentecost, May 24th, a.d. 1108. (Eadmer, p. 95.) Foxe repeats the error at p. 169, line 13, where it is again corrected. The decrees of this latter council are given at p. 169.
Page 167, note (1).] — Malmesbury says, " Se nihil de his [ecclesiis] accep- tunun, quamdiu pastore carerent, promisit ;" for which Foxe gives, " That he should require nothing of the said churches, or provinces, in the time of the seat being vacant."
Page 167, note (2.)] — The following canons are those of the council of West- minster, a.d. 1102, and are given in Eadmer, pp. 67, 68; see the note on p. 161.
Page 168, line 21. " That abbots should make no knights."] — " It was the ancient custom of abbots in those days to make knights, as you may find from the example of Abbot Brand's knighting his nephew Ilereward, in the reign of King William I., the form of which I have there, also, set down; and yet this is certain, that, notwithstanding this canon. King Henry I., some years after, granted, and King John confirmed, to the abbot of Reading, the power of making knights, with some cautions for their behaviour therein." — Tyrrell's IJist of England, vol. ii. p. 126.
Page 168, line 33. " That such persons as did icear long hair," ^-c] — " This the Church then thought it had cognizance of, as being contrary to the dictates of St. Paul. (1 Cor. ii. 14.) This fashion, having very nuich prevailed in the last king's reign, was come to that height, that the same author (Eadmer) tells us the young gentlemen of the court used to wear their hair very long, and daily combed out like women ; which archbishop Anselm not enduring, when several of those gallants came on Ash-W^ednesday to hear his mass, he refused to sprinkle ashes on them, or to give them absolution, unless they would cut off tlicir hair; whereupon a good many of them did. But it seems this fashion could not be suddenly rooted out, and therefore this decree was now made against it, and yet all to little purpose (as you will see anon), till the king himself re- formed it by his own example." — TyrreWs Hist, of England, vol. ii. p. 127.
Lord Lyttelton gives another view of the subject : — " The extraordinary fervour of zeal expressed by Anselm, and other churchmen of that age, against
APPENDIX TO VOL. II. 835
this fashion, seems ridiculous ; but we find, from the words of Ordcricus Vitalis (lib. viii. p. 862, sub an. 1089), that they combined it with the idea of an affected effeminacy, and supposed it to indicate a disposition to an unnatural vice which was very prevalent in those times. The good prelate, whose piety was so much scandalized by it, would have done well to consider how much more the celibacy to which he forced the clergy, and the number of monas- teries in this kingdom, might contribute to increase that abominable wicked- ness than any mode of dress." — Lord Lytte I ton's Henry II, vol. ii. p. 33G.
Page 168, note (1). — Our author has, in his translation, given the spirit, though not the letter, of the original canon, which ordains that " Presbyters do not go to drinking bouts, nor drink to pins." Foxe informs us at p. 59, that king Edgar, in order to check the drunkenness introduced among the English by the Danes, directed that none should drink below a certain pin, or peg, to be fixed inside the cups. This regulation soon gave rise to a new abuse, which will be best explained in the words of a distinguished antiquarian : " The peg-tankards, to which the old canons allude, when they say, ' Ut Pres- byteri non eant ad potationes, nee ad p'mnas bibant,' had in the inside a row of eight pins, one above another, from top to bottom. The tankards hold two quarts, so that there is a gill of ale, i. e. half a pint of Winchester measure, between each pin. The first person that drank, was to empty the tankard to the first peg, or pin ; the second, to the next pin, &c. ; by which means the pins were so many measures to the compotators, making them all drink alike, or the same quantity; and as the distance of the pins was such as to contain a large draught of liquor, the company would be very liable by this method to get drunk; especially when, if they drank short of the pin, or beyond it, they were obliged to drink again." (Aiionymiana, 125, Gent. Mag. xxxviii. 426.) " A very fine specimen of these peg-tankards, of undoubted Anglo-Saxon work, formerly belonging to the abbey of Glastonbury, is now in the possession of Lord Arundel of Wardour. It holds two quarts, and formerly had eight pegs inside, dividing the liquor into half-pints. On the lid is the Crucifixion, with the Virgin and John, one on each side the cross. Round the cup are carved the twelve Apostles." — Foshroke's EncyclopcEdia of Jntiqiiit'ies, vol. i. p. 258. London, 1835. See also Hones " Year Book." Ducange in his Glossary, v. Potus, mentions a canon being passed at a council in France, which forbad "aequales potus," a canon of the same import with this of Anselm's.
Page 169, line 13. " Jt another council. . . . May 24th, a.d. 1108."] — Foxe says, " here, also, at this present council at Westminster, in the year of this king aforesaid." For the reason of the alteration, seethe note on page 167, line 30. The following translation of the canons is revised from the Latin in Eadmer, p. 95.
Page 169, line 14.]— Correct 1108 for 1208.
Page 171, line 11 from the bottom. "■Henry and Christian."] — Henry, surnamed Felix, was appointed archbishop of Mentz, a.d. 1142, and deposed at Pentecost a.d. 1153. (L'Art de Ver. des Dates.) Having become obnoxious to the clergy by his attempts to refoi-m them, he was complained of to the pope and deposed. Such is the account given of him by Conrad, in his " Chronicon Moguntiacum;" but Otho Frisingensis considers him to have been a trouble- some man, and justly deposed. — Foxegivesnoaccount of Christian, whose history is also recorded by Conrad, " Chron. Mogunt.," thus :— " Non stetit diu in epi- scopatu [he was elected a.d. 1249]; accusatur enim ad papam quod omnino inutilis esset ecclesiae, et quod evocatus ad expeditiones regis invitus veniret. Hoc autem verum erat, eo quod fierent incendia, sectiones vinearum, devastationes segetum; dicebat etenim, nequaquam decere talia sacerdotem, sed quicquid deberet per gladium Spiritus, quod est Verbum Dei, omnimode se promptum asserebat et voluntarium servitorem. Quumque ejus predecessorum vestigia sequi moneretur, respondit, Scriptum est, Mitte gladium in vaginani. Ob lioc in odium regis et multorum incidit laicorum, qui omnes accusantes eum apud papam obtinuerunt eum ab episcopatu omni submoveri. Cessit ergo a.d. 1251."
Page 172, note (1).] — The foregoing account of Arnold is also taken from Conrad's " Chron. Moguntiacum," whence some trifiing improvements are made in the text. He was slain on John Baptist's day, a.d. 1160. The two
3 H 2
83G APPENDIX TO VOL. II.
cardinals above referred to were Bernard, a presbyter, and Gregory, a deacon, Conrad's apostrophe to the cardinals runs thus in the Latin ; — " O cardinaks, luijus rci vos esiis initium. Venitc ergo, venite, haurite nunc, et ferte archi- tricliiio vestro diaholo, eique offerte cum ea quam deghitistis pecunia etiam Yosuielipsos." Arnold is the same individual as Arnulph mentioned at p. 192. Pa^e 173, line 1.] — Foxe omits " at Florence;" but Sabellicus, Ennead ix. lib. 1? savs tlie council was held at Florence ; and he attributes the bishop's conduct to'thc influence of some prodigies iu nature- a very large comet, and an inundation of tlie sea through a very high tide— which occurred about that time.
Page 173, line 3. " Council at Troijcs."]— Foxe reads without translating it " at Trecas." — See Labbe's Concilia, torn. x. col. 754.
Paoe 173, line 10. " // is declared sufficiently i^/ore."] — See pp. 125 — 134. Page 173, line 12. " ^ general assembly "'\ — The diet of Mentz was held on Christmas-day, a.d. 1105. — L'Art de Ver. des Dates.
Pa^e 173, line 10.] — " Ingelheim," a town ten miles W.S.W. of Mentz; the dtet was held there soon after Christmas. Foxe reads, corruptly, " Hil- geshcm." — L'Art de Ver. des Dates.
Page 174, linell.] — "There for sorrow died," August 7th, a.d. HOG. — L'Art de J'er. des Dales.
Page 174, line 13.] — " Five years;" so says Godfridus Viterbicnsis ; but the Uildeshcim Chronicle says only " two."
Pat^e 174, line 24. " Where he indenteth with him," &c.] — i.e. at the counc^il of Lateral!, Feb. 12th, a.d. 1111. Henry was crowned, April I3th.— Jj'Arl de J'er. des Dates.
Page 1 74, line 32. " Calling a Synod,"'} — /. c. at Latcran, March ISth — 23rd, A.D. 1112. — L'Art de Ver. des Dates.
Page 176, line 17. " Pr(emo7istratenses."] — This order was founded by St. Norbert, who was of a noble family in Cologne. He gave up his benefices, and commenced preacher a.d. 1 1 1 8. He was noticed by Barthelemi, bishop of Laon, at the council of Uheims (a.d. 1119), whither he had gone to obtain the con- firmation from CalixtusII. of those privileges which he had received from former popes. St. Bernard seconded Barthelemi's wishes to have him in his diocese, by giving him the valley of Premonti6, in the forest of Couci, Picardy, A.D. 1 120. Tile order of Premontres was coniirmed by Honorius IL a.d. 1126. (.Moreri's Diet.) Tiieir place is said to have been shutvn by tlie Virgin Mary ; whence they derived their name, " Premontres." They first settled in England a.d. 1146 at Newhouse in Lincolnshire. They followed St. Augustine's rule.
Page 176, line 25.] — The council at Rheims met October 19th to the 30th, a.d. 1119.— L'Art de Ver.
Page 177, line 16 from the bottom. " The same year, a.d. 1114."] — Foxe erroneously says, " The next year following." See the Table of Archbps. of Canterbury at page 723.
Page 178, line 8. " A solemn assembly at Salishury."'\ — This was held March 20th, a.d. 1116.— L'^rf de Ver. desDaies.
Page 178, line 30. "As ye heard before."'] — See the note on page 170, line 25.
Page 180, line31.]— Gisburn, in Cleveland (so called to distinguish it from another Gisburn in the West Riding), a priory of Austin Canons, was founded by Robert de Brus, a.d. 1129 (Tanner). "Reading" Abbey was founded for .\ustin monks by Henry I. a.d. 1121. The charter is given by Dugdale, dated a.d. 1125 ; also the instrument presenting the hand of St. James. (Dugdale.) Dugdale says that William Fitz-Nigelle founded a priory for Austin monks at Runcorn a.d. 1133 or 1138, which was removed by his son William, constable of Cheshire, to Norton, in Stephen's reign.
Page 181, line 23. " The second year of his induction."] — Honorius II. was enthroned December 21st, a.d. 1124, (L'Art de Ver. des Dates ;) Simeon of
APPENDIX TO vol.. ir. 837
Durham, therefore, move correctly dates the ensuing affair " Ilonorii II. prlmo anno."
Page 181, line 18 from the bottom. " Assembled the tvhole clergy together."'\ — This council was held at Westminster Sejjt. 8th or 9th, a.d. 1125. See Pagi " Crit. in Baronii Annales," an. 1 125. See an account of this council in Simeon of Durham, and Wilkins's Concilia, tom.i. p. 408.
Page 181, line 7 from the bottom. " The next night after," &c.] — Baronius is very angry at the charge here made against Crema, and observes, that tlie historians all follow one leader, Henrg of Jfuntiiigdon, who was peculiarly averse to the celibacy of the clerery ; whence Baronius concludes that Hunting- don is not a credible' witness. Hoveden copies Huntingdon, except in placing the affair in the following year. Lastly, M. Westminster adds an excuse of Crema's, viz. that he was only in deacon's orders, which must be fictitious ; for he was priest-cardinal of St. Chrysogon. Baronius further remarks, that Malmesbury (who makes particular mention of the council) and Wigorniensis (who speaks as though he had been present) do not mention the affair. He further remarks, that Peter Leoni's (the rival pope) party did all they could by their writings to blacken those cardinals who chose Innocent II. a.d. 1130, the chief of whom was Crema, and yet do not mention this fact. St. Bernard also and others boasted that the cardinals who chose Innocent were the holiest of all the cardinals. Rapin, however, observes that this is all negative proof, and of no force against the positive testimony of the contemporary historian. Henry, also, quite believes it, and attributes to it the failure of the canon.
Page 182, line 1. " Certain historians," &:c.] — Foxe opens this paragraph thus — " Certain histories make mention of one Arnulphus, in the time of this Pope Honorius II. Some say he was aichbishop of Lyons, as Hugo, Platina, Sabellicus, Trithimius," &c. The sentence of lUyricus, from which this is taken, runs thus : — " Narrant Hugo, Platina, et Sabeliicu.s, Arnulphum quendam archiepiscopum Lugdunensem, qui magna nominis celebritate magnoqiie mor- talium concuvsu divinam Legem per Gallias, Italiam, et tandem Romce praedi- cabat, impie a spiritualibus ob reprehensa eorum scelera, libidines, et errores, necatum esse, tulisseque id Honorium Papam iniquo animo, sed tamen qutes- tione abstinuisse : quod ipsum subindicat, eum non nimiiun iniquo animo tulisse. Accidit id duodecimo post Christum seculo. Hugo quidem dicit captum et suspensum, quod sine publica authoritate fieri non potuit. Similis ferme per omnia historia narratur de quodam Illyrico monacho, quae circiter ante 72 annos Komae acciderlt. Verum adjiciamus sane narrationem Trithemii de hoc Arnulpho, ex ejus Chronico Hirsaugiensi, quandoquidem id nondum opinor edituin esse." (Cat. Test. edit. 1608, col. 1432.) Iliyricus here rather assxnms that Arnulpli was " archbishop of Lyons," than makes Hugo, Pla- tina, and Sabellicus, positively assert it ; and, in point of fact, they virtually assert the contrary. Hugo (as he is cited in the Magd. Cent. col. 1710) only calls him a presbyter : Platina calls him merely, " Christianae religionis concio- nator insignis," and says, " Fueritne sanctus vir presbyter, an monachus, an eremita, baud satis constat :" Sabellicus (Ennead. lib. iv. fol. 94) mentions him in the same way, and calls him " Anulphus." But the fact is, that he could not possibly have been archbishop of Lyons, as there never was an archbishop of Lyons of that name, according to the account of that see given in Gallia Christiana. There was one Arnold of Breschia, of whom Aventine speaks thus : — " Arnoldus tum Brixia oppido Italiae ortus, sacras literas professus, discipulus Petri Abelardi, in avaritiam fastumque sacerdotum pro concione crebro pei-oravit, tandem captus in crucemque a sacrificulis actus, poenas tenie- rarii caepti luit." But Iliyricus in the next col. (1433) very properly distin- guishes him from this Arnulph. Martinus Polonus, however, may be speaking of Arnulph, when he says, — " Hujus (Conradi II.) tempore quidam magister, Arnoldus noinine, prcsdicavit in urhe Roma, reprehendens litxus et stiper- fliiitates. Postea captus, in odium clericorum est suspensus." (Col. lOG of his Supputafiones, subjoined to Marianus Scotus, Bas. 1559.)
Hugo Altissiodorensis is probably the author above referred to. (See Usher "De Christ. Eccl. Statu et Sue." x. §§.41, 4 7, 48.)
Thuanus, Hist. lib. vi. § 16, mentions one Arnold, an associate of Peter Waldo of Lyons, who became eminent as a Waldensian pastor and preacher in the diocese of Albi : he may have been known as " Pastor or Praeses Lugdunensis," by some,
838 APPENDIX TO VOL. II.
i-norantlv or i)lavfiillv, turned into " Arcliiepiscopus Lngdunensis ;" and llly- ruiis niav liave ideiitiruHl liini under that title with tins Arnulph. The Magde- burg Centuriators relate the same particulars respecting Arnulph, quoting also Tritheuiius's account ; but they give no hint of his being archbishop of Lyons. — a-/*/, xiii. cols. 10, 1101, 1710. , .. . T^.»
(Jerhohus Reichcrspergensis, quoted with other authorities in D Argentre s CoUecCioJudicionim dc uovis crroribus, toni. i. p. 27 (Lutet. 1724) writing of an Arnold about this period, says:—" Pro qua ctiani doctrina non sohim ab ccclesia Dei anathcmatis mucrone scparatus insuper etiam su.spendio neci traditus. Quin et post mortem incendio crematus, atquc in Tiberim fluvium projectus est: ne videlicet llomanus popuhis, quern sua doctrina illexerat, sibi euiu martyrem dedicaret."
Page 182, line 17.] — " At Rome" is added from Trithemius ; ^ " cum ad pnrdicandum Romani inittcretur;" also, in the next line, " shortly" is put in from the " brevi" of Tritheniius.
Page 182, line 28. " Having expressed" &c.]— " Cum haec alta voce cla- masset, snbjunxit " (Trilhemius) : and, at line 31, " impuritatibus" is the Latin :' and at line 33, " Sed Deus est vindex."
Page 182, line 36. " Sahellicits and Platina saij they hanged //iw."]— Illy- ricus^says : — " Scribit hie ['rrithemius] submersum esse: sed Sabellicus et Platina suspensum esse affirmant, quibus tanquam rerum Romanarum magis gnaris poiius credendum esse arbitror," (lllyr. col. 1433.) Sabellicus, however, only says " impic necarunt;" and Plalina " insidiis necabant," Illyricus had just before said, " Hugo quidem dicit captum et suspensum."
Page 182, line 11 from the bottom. " Jbove four hundred years ago."]— Illyricus says it was written " circa duodecimum sreculum ;" it would seem, however, from the allusion to the king of Portugal in the next page, as if the work was written in the thirteenth century. Illyricus docs not connect it with Arnulph, but mentions it at a later page. Foxe's text has been a little improved from Illyricus.
Page 182, line 0 from the bottom. " Who say" &c.] — "Quiudicunt, quod plus lucrantur," &c. — Illyricus.
Page 182, last line.] — Illyricus refers here, and for what follows, to lib. iii. of the " Opusculum," capp. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12.
Page 183, line 12 from the bottom.]— Philip I. took to wife Bertrade, wife of the earl of Anjou. his first wife Bertha being yet alive; for which he was excom- municated by Urban II. a.d. 1094, and again in 1095, and again by the council of Poitiers in 1100. — L'Art de J'er. des Dates.
The king of Portugal, presently alluded to, must have been Sancho II. surnamed Capel, who came to the throne a.d. 1223, and for some time reigned with applause ; but, afterwards giving himself up to debauchery, his subjects complained of him, a.d. 1245, to pope Innocent IV. who excommunicated him, put his realm under interdict, and made his brother Alfonso regent. Sancho died a.d. 1248. — L'Art de Ver. des Dates.
Page 184, line 25. " Upon St. Stephen's day"']—i. e. Thursday, Dec. 26lh, A.D. 1135. Sir H. Nicolas reasons in favour of this date.
Page 184, line 36. " The castle of J'ies"'\—an old form of " Devises." See Malmesbury, p. 181, and Hoveden, p. 484, in the Script, post Bedam, Francof. 1601. Grafton reads "Vises."
Page 187, line 27.] — Gratian was monk of St. Felix, at Bologna. (Cave's Hist. Litt.) Cave states that many writers have asserted Gratian, Peter Lombard, and Peter Comestor, to have been all brothers, and born at the same time : but he adds that this assertion does not rest on any good authority.
Page 187, line 3 from the bottom.] — Trivet calls him " scutifcr" to Charle- magne, and places his death a.d. 1139.
Page 188, line 2.]— For " Furness " and " Fountains," Foxe (misled by Fabian) reads corruptly, " Finerneis " and "Fomitance."
Page 188.]— The following information fron\ Tanner's " Notitia Mon." will
APPENDIX TO VOL. If. 839
confirm the account in the text : — " Feversham Abbey was founded a. d. 1147 by king Stephen and his wife Maud for monks of Clugny, wlio being afterward released from their subjection to the foreign monastery, it became Benedictine.
" Fiirness, a Cistercian abbey, founded a.d. 1124, by Stephen, then earl of Morton and Boulogne : removed to Furness, in Lancashire, ad. 1127.
" Fontanense cocnobium, or Founfains ylbbey, near Ripon, Yorkshire. Most of the historians mention this abbey under Stephen's reign, not however as exactly built by him. It was founded by the aid of Thurstin, archbishop of York, A.D. 11.32. Henry I. made it tithe-free, and Stephen confirmed all previous charters to it. It was burnt a.d. 1140, and was not fairly rebuilt for nearly one hundred years."
Page 188, line 5. " Ilie Jews crucified a child at Nonviclt."] — Brompton is the first person who mentions this circumstance ; who adds that the Jews cruci- fied another child at Gloucester, a.d. 1160. About thirteen or fourteen years after, Gervase says that they crucified another at Bury St. Edmund's at Easter, and that his bones wrought miracles for some years. See " Anglia Judaica," p. 11, a work by D'Blossiers Tovey, LL.D. principal of New Inn Hall, Ox- ford, 1738. He throws a doubt on all these accounts, observing that the crime is never said to have happened but when the king was notoriously in want of money, and wanted a pretext against the Jews. However that be, the Romish church has canonized sevei-al such alleged victims of Jewish malice. Alban Butler, in his " Lives of the Saints," gives an account of this very child, who was canonized as St. William of Norwich. Butler further states that he was apprentice to a tanner at Norwich, and only twelve years of age when he was seized by the Jews, on Good Friday, and treated in imitation of Christ. On Easter-day they took his body in a sack to Thorp Wood, now a heath, near the gates, to bury him ; but, being discovered, they left him hanging on a tree. He was honoured with miracles, and in 1144 his body was removed to the cathedral of the Holy Trinity, and in 1150 into the choir. A chapel was built on the site where he was found, called St. William in the Wood. His day in the English Calendar was March 24th. Butler adds, that pope Benedict XIV. decided that infants, though baptized, dying before the age of reason, could not be canonized, except those slain out of hatred to the name of Christ. Such were the Innocents, St. Simon of Trent (canonized by the archbishop of Trent, with the approbation of Sixtus V., confirmed by Gregory XIII.), St. Richard of Pontoise, a.d. 1182, St. Hugh of Lincoln, a.d. 1255. See Bloomfield's History of Norfolk, and Chaucei's Canterbury Tales, line 13,425.
Page 189, line 17. " The first year," &c.3 — Fabian says, "He increased his heritage so mightily that he won Ireland by strength, and took William, king of Scots, and joined that kingdom to his own. From the south ocean to the north islands of Orcyes he closed all the lands, as it were, under one principate, and spread so largely his empire that men read of none of his progenitors that had so many provinces and countries under their dominion and rule. For, beside the realm of England, he had in his rule Normandy, Gascoyne, and Guion, Anjou and Chinon, and he made subject unto him Auvergne and other lands ; and by his wife he obtained, as her right, the mounts and hills of Spain, called Montes Pireni." Grafton, apparently copying Fabian, says: — " He increased his heritage so mightily that he won Ireland anon after his coronation, by strength, and took the king of Scots prisoner, and joined that kingdom of Scotland to his own. From the south ocean unto the north islands of Orcades, he closed all the lands as it were under one dominion, and spread so largely his empire that we read not that any of his progenitors had so many provinces and countries under their government and rule. For, beside the realm of England and Scotland, he had in his rule Normandy, Gascoyne, and Guienne, Anjou and Poictou ; and he made s\ibject unto him Auvergne and other lands. And by Eleanor, his wife, he obtained, as in her right, the earldom of Toulouse." Grafton afterwards adds, " In his third year he lost Auvergne, warring against the king of France;" Hovcden seems to contradict what is said about the city of Toulouse, Script, post Bedam, p. 491. The Pyrenees and the north ocean are mentioned as the limits of the king's domi- nions at page 231, in an epistle of the English bishops to Becket.
840 APrKNDTX TO VOL. U.
Papc ISn, line 17. " The first year of //is reitpi lie fuhducd Ireland."'] — Itynier pives Adrian's grant of Ireland, " ad subdenduni ilium popuhnn Icgibus et" viciorum plantaria iiide cxtirpanda," and on condition of paying " de singulis domilxis amuiaiu uiiius denarii beato Petro pensionem, et jura eccle- siaruni illius terra' illibata ct Integra conscrvare."
Page 189, line 7 from the bottom. " Jgainst whom if was alleged chief y," &c.] — Foxe says, *' Who in their time, according to their gift, did earnestly," &c. ; which seems a mis-translation of lUyricus, " lis pnecipue vitio datum est, quod docucrint," Ike. lie calls them " Gcrhardiis Sagarelli, Parmcnsis, ct Diilcinus Navarrensis," and says that they laboured for at least forty years in (lallia Cisalpina, and Piedmont ; and that they were esteemed hcresiarchs by the Romanists. — " Cat. Test." Genevse 1608, col. 1762.
Page 190, line 12. " And now, according to my promi-ie,'' &c.] — The ensuing account of the emperor Frederic I. is apiiareiitly taken from lUyricus, col. 130.'), Sec. For the anecdote which presently follows he cites " Helmoldus in Chronicis Sclavorum," cap. 81.
Page 190, line 27. " jifter this, as they were come in," &c.] — Illyricus (col. loO(i) cites for his authority here, " Barnus in Vita Hadriani, ex Johanne de Cremona."
Page 190, line 34.] — Apulia was now "a Nortniannisoccupata." — Illyricus.
Page 190, line 10 from the bottom. " The next day after"'] — i.e. "4 Cal. Julii, anno regni sui quarto." — Helmoldus in Chron, Sclavorum, c. 80.
Page 190, line 5 from the bottom. " Sendeth to Emmanuel."] — Illyricus (col. 1307), referring to Nauclerus gen. 39, says that Emmanuel offered to the pope 5,000/. and to expel William out of Apulia, if three maritime cities of Apidia were granted him.
Page 191, line 2.] — " Ex tota Sicilia, exercitu contracto." — Nauclerus.
Page 191, line 14. " Jriiriinum,"] — or Rimini. Platina says " Anagni."
Page 191, line 16. " IIow tlie pope had given Apulia, which of right helcnged to the empire, to duke William."] — " Apuliam juris imperii, se inscio atque invito, Wilhelmo concessam." (Nauclerus.) This clause is passed over by Foxe.
Page 191, notes (1) and (2).]— See Illyricus, cols. 1369, 1370.
Page 192, line 18 from the bottom.] — This " Arnulph, bishop of Mentz," is the same individual as Arnold mentioned at page 172: see the note on that passage.
Page 193, line 14. " And first taking his occasion," &c.] — Foxe is translating Illyricus — " Nactus^occasionem captivitatis Leodiensis episcopi." Leodiensis or Leodiccnsis (?. e. of Liege) gave birth to Foxe's " Bishop of Laodicea." There was indeed a " Gerardus bishop of Laodicea" living about this period, who wrote a work, " De Conversatione Servorum Uei," alluded to by Foxe infrii, vol. iii. p. 105, though he there post-dates him by a century. The person, how- ever, here intended, was not bishop either of Liege or of Laodicea, but I'.skyI archbishop of Lundcn, in Sweden. Others have made other corruptions of his title, as will appear from the following extract from Pagi, " Crit. in Baron. Annates,'' ad annum 1157 : —
" Verum loco, E. Lonuonensis Archiepiscopus, legcndum, E. Lundensis Archicpiscnpus, et intelligendus Eskylhis, quem ex illis verbis eruimus anno su])eriori peregrinationem instituisse ad Iladrianum Papam, qui ilium Lcgatum .suum in Dnnia constituerat, ut quicunque maximi Sueonum Pontitices creandi essent, Pallio a Curia dato per Lundensem insignirentur Antistitem; eamque sedem pro patrio venerarentur obsequio, sicut ait Saxo Gramniaticus, lib. 14. llinc Sirmondus, in Notis ad Epist. 23. lib. 1. Petri Cellensis, de Eskyllo recte scribit : ' Qui cum ex Urbe in Daniam rediret, captus spoliatusque fuit in CJermania. Qua; res — dum injuriam missis ad Fredericum Imp. Legatis acrius j)crspqui(ur Hadrianus IV'. Pontifex, cui EskvUus privato etiam nomine charus erat — exacerbatis hinc inde animis ansam pra'buit schismati, quod inter iilos erupit, ut inquit Radcvicus, lib. 1. de Gest. Friderici, cap. 8, et seqq. Scd apud Radevicum Londoncnsis vitiosc scriptum est, fccdius ctiam apud Innocentium
ATPEXDIX TO VOL. II. 841